1. AMADEUS-The acoustic neutrino detection test system of the ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope
- Author
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Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., Assis Jesus, A. C., Astraatmadja, T., Aubert, J. J., Auer, R., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Basa, S., Bazzotti, M., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bigongiari, C., Bou Cabo, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brown, A., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Camarena, F., Capone, Antonio, Carloganu, C., Carminati, G., Carr, J., Cassano, B., Castorina, E., Cavasinni, V., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Charvis, P. H., Chiarusi, T., Chon Sen, N., Circella, M., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Cottini, N., Coyle, P., Curtil, C., DE BONIS, Giulia, Decowski, M. P., Dekeyser, I., Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Ernenwein, U. Emanuele J. P., Emanuele, U., Ernenwein, J. P., Escoffier, S., Fehr, F., Fiorello, C., Flaminio, V., Fritsch, U., Fuda, J. L., Gay, P., Giacomelli, G., Gomez Gonzalez, J. P., Gomez Gonazlez, J. P., Graf, K., Guillard, G., Halladjian, G., Hallewell, G., Van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Heine, E., Hello, Y., Hernandez Rey, J. J., Hernndez Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hol, J., Hossl, J., Hssl, J., De Jong, M., Kalantar Nayestanaki, N., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U., Keller, P., Kooijman, P., Kopper, C., Kouchner, A., Kretschmer, W., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Lambard, G., Larosa, G., Laschinsky, H., Le Provost, H., Lefevre, D., Lelaizant, G., Limh, G., Lim, G., Lo Presti, D., Loehner, H., Loucatos, S., Louis, F., Lucarelli, Fabrizio, Mangano, S., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Martinez Mora, J. A., Mazure, A., Mongelli, M., Montaruli, T., Morganti, M., Moscoso, L., Motz, H., Naumann, C., Neff, M., Ostasch, R., Palioselitis, D., Pavalas, G. E., Payre, P., Petrovic, J., Picot Clemente, N., Picq, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Presani, E., Racca, C., Radu, A., Reed, C., Riccobene, G., Richardt, C., Rujoiu, M., Ruppi, M., Russo, G. V., Salesa, F., Sapienza, P., Schock, Schock, F., Schuller, J. P., Shanidze, R., Simeone, Francesco, Spurio, M., Steijger, J. J. M., Stolarczyk, T. H., Taiuti, M., Tamburini, C., Tasca, L., Toscano, S., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vannoni, G., Vecchi, Manuela, Vernin, P., Wijnker, G., De Wolf, E., Yepes, H., Zaborov, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., KVI - Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, ANTARES (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), J. A. Aguilar, I. Al Samarai, A. Albert, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, S. Anvar, M. Ardid, A. C. Assis Jesu, T. Astraatmadja, J. -J. Aubert, R. Auer, E. Barbarito, B. Baret, S. Basa, M. Bazzotti, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, C. Bigongiari, M. Bou-Cabo, M. C. Bouwhui, A. Brown, J. Brunner, J. Busto, F. Camarena, A. Capone, C. Carloganu, G. Carminati, J. Carr, B. Cassano, E. Castorina, V. Cavasinni, S. Cecchini, A. Cere, Ph. Charvi, T. Chiarusi, N. Chon Sen, M. Circella, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, N. Cottini, P. Coyle, C. Curtil, G. De Boni, M. P. Decowski, I. Dekeyser, A. Deschamp, C. Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, U. Emanuele, J. -P. Ernenwein, S. Escoffier, F. Fehr, C. Fiorello, V. Flaminio, U. Fritsch, J. -L. Fuda, P. Gay, G. Giacomelli, J. P. Gomez-Gonzalez, K. Graf, G. Guillard, G. Halladjian, G. Hallewell, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, E. Heine, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernandez-Rey, B. Herold, J. Hoßl, M. de Jong, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, O. Kalekin, A. Kappe, U. Katz, P. Keller, P. Kooijman, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, W. Kretschmer, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Lambard, G. Larosa, H. Laschinsky, H. Le Provost, D. Lefevre, G. Lelaizant, G. Lim, D. Lo Presti, H. Loehner, S. Loucato, F. Loui, F. Lucarelli, S. Mangano, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, J. A. Martinez-Mora, A. Mazure, M. Mongelli, T. Montaruli, M. Morganti, L. Moscoso, H. Motz, C. Naumann, M. Neff, R. Ostasch, D. Palioseliti, G. E. Pavala, P. Payre, J. Petrovic, N. Picot-Clemente, C. Picq, V. Popa, T. Pradier, E. Presani, C. Racca, A. Radu, C. Reed, G. Riccobene, C. Richardt, M. Rujoiu, M. Ruppi, G. V. Russo, F. Salesa, P. Sapienza, F. Schock, J.-P. Schuller, R. Shanidze, F. Simeone, M. Spurio, J. J. M. Steijger, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, C. Tamburini, L. Tasca, S. Toscano, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoni, M. Vecchi, P. Vernin, G. Wijnker, E. de Wolf, H. Yepe, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zuniga
- Subjects
Optical telescopes ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Acoustic devices ,Neutrino detection ,Preamplifier ,Ambient noise level ,FOS: Physical sciences ,LINE ,Neutrino telescope ,01 natural sciences ,Optical telescope ,Thermo-acoustic model ,Data acquisition ,0103 physical sciences ,SHOWERS ,WATER ,PARTICLE-DETECTION ,14. Life underwater ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) ,Instrumentation ,Remote sensing ,Physics ,ANTARES ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Sensors ,Detector ,Astronomy ,Elementary particles ,Acoustic wave ,AMADEUS ,Acoustic neutrino detection ,Acoustic waves ,Neutrino detector ,Acoustic variables measurement ,thermo-acoustic model ,amadeus ,neutrino telescope ,acoustic neutrino detection ,antares ,FISICA APLICADA ,Física nuclear ,Neutrino ,Neutrino telescopes ,Computer hardware description languages ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Signal detection - Abstract
The AMADEUS (ANTARES Modules for the Acoustic Detection Under the Sea) system which is described in this article aims at the investigation of techniques for acoustic detection of neutrinos in the deep sea. It is integrated into the ANTARES neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. Its acoustic sensors, installed at water depths between 2050 and 2300 m, employ piezo-electric elements for the broad-band recording of signals with frequencies ranging up to 125 kHz. The typical sensitivity of the sensors is around - 145 dB re 1 V/mu Pa (including preamplifier). Completed in May 2008, AMADEUS consists of six "acoustic clusters", each comprising six acoustic sensors that are arranged at distances of roughly 1 m from each other. Two vertical mechanical structures (so-called lines) of the ANTARES detector host three acoustic clusters each. Spacings between the clusters range from 14.5 to 340 m. Each cluster contains custom-designed electronics boards to amplify and digitise the acoustic signals from the sensors. An on-shore computer cluster is used to process and filter the data stream and store the selected events. The daily volume of recorded data is about 10 GB. The system is operating continuously and automatically, requiring only little human intervention. AMADEUS allows for extensive studies of both transient signals and ambient noise in the deep sea, as well as signal correlations on several length scales and localisation of acoustic point sources. Thus the system is excellently suited to assess the background conditions for the measurement of the bipolar pulses expected to originate from neutrino interactions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Agence National de la Recherche (ANR), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN), Prometeo of Generalitat Valenciana (GVA) and MULTI-DARK, Spain. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities.
- Published
- 2011
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