1. Influence of primer contamination on the bonding interface of enamel pre-etched with phosphoric acid
- Author
-
Takaaki Sato, Ayaka Sato, Junji Tagami, Tomohiro Takagaki, Toru Nikaido, Yuta Baba, and Martina Vicheva
- Subjects
Materials science ,Surface Properties ,Scanning electron microscope ,engineering.material ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Acid Etching, Dental ,stomatognathic system ,Etching (microfabrication) ,Tensile Strength ,Materials Testing ,Animals ,Phosphoric Acids ,Dental Enamel ,General Dentistry ,Phosphoric acid ,Primer (paint) ,Enamel paint ,Dental Bonding ,Contamination ,Resin Cements ,Clearfil SE Bond ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Cattle ,Adhesive ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, the influence of primer contamination on enamel bonding was analyzed. Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SMP), CLEARFIL SE Bond 2 (SE2), Scotchbond Universal (SBU) Adhesive, and Scotchbond Etchant (35% phosphoric acid; PA) were used. Ground bovine enamels were divided into eight groups based on the bonding protocols. The bonding interfaces after an acid-base challenge were observed via scanning electron microscopy to determine the acid-base resistant zone (ABRZ). Moreover, the bonding interfaces after the nanoleakage challenge were analyzed via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. ABRZ was observed in all the samples except PA_ONLY (applied PA etching, No primer and No adhesive resin). The funnel-shaped erosion was detected only in X_SBU (applied SBU without PA etching). The nanoleakage test revealed silver patterns in some groups. The nanoleakage, i.e., the penetration of the silver ions, was detected in the groups wherein primer was applied on PA-pre-etched enamel.
- Published
- 2021