1. I.v. N-acetylcysteine and emergency CT: use of serum creatinine and cystatin C as markers of radiocontrast nephrotoxicity.
- Author
-
Poletti PA, Saudan P, Platon A, Mermillod B, Sautter AM, Vermeulen B, Sarasin FP, Becker CD, and Martin PY
- Subjects
- Adult, Biomarkers blood, Contrast Media adverse effects, Cystatin C, Emergency Medical Services methods, Female, Humans, Injections, Intravenous adverse effects, Iohexol adverse effects, Male, Treatment Outcome, Acetylcysteine administration & dosage, Acute Kidney Injury blood, Acute Kidney Injury chemically induced, Acute Kidney Injury prevention & control, Creatinine blood, Cystatins blood, Iohexol analogs & derivatives, Tomography, X-Ray Computed adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of i.v. administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on serum levels of creatinine and cystatin C, two markers of renal function, in patients with renal insufficiency who undergo emergency contrast-enhanced CT., Subjects and Methods: Eighty-seven adult patients with renal insufficiency who underwent emergency CT were randomized to two groups. In the first group, in addition to hydration, patients received a 900-mg injection of NAC 1 hour before and another immediately after injection of iodine contrast medium. Patients in the second group received hydration only. Serum levels of creatinine and cystatin C were measured at admission and on days 2 and 4 after CT. Nephrotoxicity was defined as a 25% or greater increase in serum creatinine or cystatin C concentration from baseline value., Results: A 25% or greater increase in serum creatinine concentration was found in nine (21%) of 43 patients in the control group and in two (5%) of 44 patients in the NAC group (p = 0.026). A 25% or greater increase in serum cystatin C concentration was found in nine (22%) of 40 patients in the control group and in seven (17%) of 41 patients in the NAC group (p = 0.59)., Conclusion: On the basis of serum creatinine concentration only, i.v. administration of NAC appears protective against the nephrotoxicity of contrast medium. No effect is found when serum cystatin C concentration is used to assess renal function. The effect of NAC on serum creatinine level remains unclear and may not be related to a renoprotective action.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF