6 results on '"Kraemer, B A"'
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2. 2004 Tsunami: Long-Term Psychological Consequences for Swiss Tourists in the Area at the Time of the Disaster
- Author
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Ulrich Schnyder, Josef Jenewein, Lutz Wittmann, Bernd Kraemer, University of Zurich, and Kraemer, B
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Poison control ,610 Medicine & health ,Anxiety ,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ,Suicide prevention ,Occupational safety and health ,Disasters ,Life Change Events ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health ,medicine ,Humans ,Survivors ,Psychiatry ,education ,Natural disaster ,education.field_of_study ,Depression ,business.industry ,Public health ,Tidal Waves ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Mental health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,Female ,business ,Switzerland - Abstract
Objective: Most of the data on psychological outcome and the mental health treatment available following natural disasters originate from the indigenous population of the region destroyed. Examining tourists returning from the area affected by the 2004 tsunami presents an opportunity of studying the impact of natural disasters on psychological outcome and mental health treatment in their countries of origin. The aim of the present study was to extend the current knowledge on psychiatric morbidity and potential positive outcomes, as well as subsequent mental health treatment following a natural disaster, based on the results from a sample of home-coming Swiss tourists. Method: Tourists who had been potentially affected by the 2004 tsunami were assessed using the Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory. Outcome variables were related to the degree of tsunami exposure. In addition, mental health treatment before and after the tsunami was assessed. Results: Of the 342 respondents, 55 (16.8%) fulfilled the criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence of anxiety or depressive disorder was found in 17.8% and 8.0%, respectively. The tsunami victims who had been directly affected showed significantly more symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD, as well as post-traumatic personal growth, than tourists who were indirectly affected or unaffected. A total of 12.3% of untreated respondents fulfilled the criteria for PTSD and 38% of respondents who had received psychiatric treatment were still fulfilling PTSD criteria 2½ years after the tsunami. Conclusion: A marked percentage of respondents reported symptoms of PTSD but they remained untreated or were treated insufficiently. We recommend that tourists returning from regions affected by natural disasters be informed about PTSD and that careful screening be given to those found to be at risk of PTSD. An open-door policy of mental health services is particularly needed for tourists returning home who have been affected by large-scale disasters.
- Published
- 2009
3. Partnerschaft und Sexualität von Frau-zu-Mann transsexuellen Männern
- Author
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Michael Rufer, Ulrich Schnyder, Stefan Büchi, Bernd Kraemer, Urs Hepp, Simone Hobi, University of Zurich, and Kraemer, B
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Female to male ,Gender Identity Disorder ,media_common.quotation_subject ,3203 Clinical Psychology ,Gender studies ,Human sexuality ,610 Medicine & health ,3202 Applied Psychology ,Transsexual ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Interpersonal relationship ,2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,General partnership ,Psychology ,Applied Psychology ,Normality ,media_common ,Clinical psychology ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Partnership and sexuality have received little attention in research on transsexualism. In particular, the viewpoints of partners of transsexual individuals were scarcely taken into consideration. We conducted a qualitative study on five long-term partnerships of female-to-male transsexuals and their female partners, using a semi-structured interview to explore relationship and sexuality. The rejection of the female biological sex by transsexuals is reinforced by their partner's non-percipience of the female transsexuals' biology. Female attributes in men appeared to be important for the partnership. All the participants emphasized both the stability and normality of their individual partnership. Against this backdrop, FM transsexuals who may have doubts about any perspectives for partnerships can be told, within a clinical setting, about positive and stable relationships, which have enabled FM transsexuals to live their male gender roles and to be accepted as men.
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- 2010
4. Finger length ratio (2D:4D) in adults with gender identity disorder
- Author
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Urs Hepp, Gabriella Milos, Ulrich Schnyder, Aba Delsignore, Bernd Kraemer, Thomas Noll, University of Zurich, and Kraemer, B
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Gender Identity Disorder ,Adolescent ,Sexual Behavior ,610 Medicine & health ,Functional Laterality ,Fingers ,Young Adult ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Young adult ,General Psychology ,Aged ,Analysis of Variance ,Sex Characteristics ,Anthropometry ,Gender Identity ,Testosterone (patch) ,3200 General Psychology ,Middle Aged ,Endocrinology ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Sexual orientation ,Etiology ,Female ,Analysis of variance ,Psychology ,Transsexualism ,Clinical psychology ,Sex characteristics - Abstract
From early childhood, gender identity and the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio (2D:4D) are discriminative characteristics between sexes. Both the human brain and 2D:4D may be influenced by prenatal testosterone levels. This calls for an examination of 2D:4D in patients with gender identity disorder (GID) to study the possible influence of prenatal testosterone on gender identity. Until now, the only study carried out on this issue suggests lower prenatal testosterone levels in right-handed male-to-female GID patients (MtF). We compared 2D:4D of 56 GID patients (39 MtF; 17 female-to-male GID patients, FtM) with data from a control sample of 176 men and 190 women. Bivariate group comparisons showed that right hand 2D:4D in MtF was significantly higher (feminized) than in male controls, but similar to female controls. The comparison of 2D:4D ratios of biological women revealed significantly higher (feminized) values for right hands of right handed FtM. Analysis of variance confirmed significant effects for sex and for gender identity on 2D:4D ratios but not for sexual orientation or for the interaction among variables. Our results indirectly point to the possibility of a weak influence of reduced prenatal testosterone as an etiological factor in the multifactorially influenced development of MtF GID. The development of FtM GID seems even more unlikely to be notably influenced by prenatal testosterone.
- Published
- 2009
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5. Body Image and Transsexualism
- Author
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Aba Delsignore, Ulrich Schnyder, Bernd Kraemer, Urs Hepp, University of Zurich, and Kraemer, B
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Adult ,Male ,Gender Identity Disorder ,genetic structures ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,610 Medicine & health ,Developmental psychology ,2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health ,Sex Factors ,Sex factors ,Perception ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Preoperative Care ,Body Image ,Humans ,media_common ,Gender identity ,3203 Clinical Psychology ,Gender Identity ,Transsexual ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,Female ,Psychology ,Transsexualism - Abstract
Background: To achieve a detailed view of the body image of transsexual patients, an assessment of perception, attitudes and experiences about one’s own body is necessary. To date, research on the body image of transsexual patients has mostly covered body dissatisfaction with respect to body perception. Sampling and Methods: We investigated 23 preoperative (16 male-to-female and 7 female-to-male transsexual patients) and 22 postoperative (14 male-to-female and 8 female-to-male) transsexual patients using a validated psychological measure for body image variables. Results: We found that preoperative transsexual patients were insecure and felt unattractive because of concerns about their body image. However, postoperative transsexual patients scored high on attractiveness and self-confidence. Furthermore, postoperative transsexual patients showed low scores for insecurity and concerns about their body. Conclusions: Our results indicate an improvement of body image concerns for transsexual patients following standards of care for gender identity disorder. Follow-up studies are recommended to confirm the assumed positive outcome of standards of care on body image.
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- 2008
6. Contribution of initial heart rate to the prediction of posttraumatic stress symptom level in accident victims
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Urs Hepp, Bernd Kraemer, Helen Roth, Hanspeter Moergeli, Ulrich Schnyder, University of Zurich, and Kraemer, B
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Personality Inventory ,Poison control ,610 Medicine & health ,Dissociative Disorders ,Occupational safety and health ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health ,Injury Severity Score ,Heart Rate ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Risk Factors ,mental disorders ,Injury prevention ,Heart rate ,medicine ,Humans ,Dissociative disorders ,Survivors ,Psychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Fear ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,Accidents ,Wounds and Injuries ,Female ,Personality Assessment Inventory ,Psychology ,Arousal ,2803 Biological Psychiatry ,Anxiety disorder ,Clinical psychology ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Earlier findings of a positive correlation between heart rate (HR) and posttraumatic symptom level have recently been brought into question. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between resting HR and symptom scores of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in physically injured accident survivors, controlling for well established predictors for (PTSD and factors influencing HR. A representative sample of 255 accident victims was assessed measuring PRIME-MD, PDEQ, trauma-related cognitions and CAPS. Initial interviews were conducted five days post trauma; follow-up assessments took place six months later. Heart rate measurements were obtained from surgical files. We found positive bivariate correlations between HR at hospital admission (HRA) and PTSD symptom levels. However, in multiple regression analysis HRA contributed marginally to the prediction of PTSD symptom levels. We conclude that the initial heart rate is a weak and not independent predictor for PTSD symptom level following accidental injuries.
- Published
- 2006
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