Search

Optical orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is better at handling Doppler shifts and multipath fading, making signals more reliable and valuable in places with much movement beyond the fifth generation (B5G). Using practical power amplifiers at the transmitter causes power inefficiency and signal distortion because of the OTFS system’s high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), severely reducing system efficiency. Combining partial transmit sequence (PTS) and selective mapping (SLM), a technique known as PTS+SLM, reduces peak power. While SLM generates numerous phase-modulated signal candidates and chooses the one with the lowest PAPR, PTS separates the signal into sub-blocks and optimizes their phases to decrease peak power. With few changes to the signal structure, this dual strategy effectively reduces PAPR while improving power spectral density (PSD) efficiency. As a result, we ensure the accuracy and dependability of the transferred data by maintaining the bit error rate (BER). Fractal optimization methods could be applied to these algorithms. For example, fractal-inspired optimization techniques might be used to explore the phase space more effectively or to discover new phase sequences that result in lower PAPR. According to the simulation findings, the suggested PTS+SLM method works better than the traditional PTS and SLM methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]