Search

IZVLEČEK Uvod: Diplomsko delo obravnava praktično uporabnost 3D skeniranja na področju tehnologije pripomočkov za ortotiko in protetiko. V nadaljevanju so predstavljene različne metode 3D skeniranja in tiskanja, njihove prednosti in slabosti ter tudi druga področja, kjer je 3D skeniranje nadvse uporabno. Na kratko je predstavljen pretekli razvoj tehnologije 3D ter izpostavljen možen prihodnji razvoj. Namen: Predstaviti pomen 3D skeniranja kot del digitalizacije človeškega telesa na področju ortotike in protetike. Cilj diplomskega dela predstavlja praktični prikaz in analiza uporabnosti 3D skeniranja na področju ortotike in protetike. Metode dela: Temelji na pregledu literature. Uporabljena metoda dela je teoretična, tj. študij literature. Pri pisanju naloge smo uporabili deskriptivno, opisno metodo dela in pa komparativno metodo dela. Gradivo smo iskali v spletnih bazah podatkov COBISS, MEDLINE, PubMed, DiKUL ter Google Scholar. Rezultati: Osrednji del predstavlja prikaz in analizo nekaterih praktičnih primerov 3D skeniranja na področju izdelave prilagojene ortotike in protetike za posameznega uporabnika oz. pacienta. Le-to smo uvrstili v poglavje Rezultati, kjer smo tudi navedli razlike med različnimi vrstami skenerjev, upoštevajoč seveda tiste, ki se uporabljajo v kliničnih okoljih. Razprava in zaključek: Zaključujemo z ugotovitvami, da ima 3D skeniranje na področju protetike in ortotike mnogo prednosti (z vidika dostopnosti, stroškov, uporabnosti, izdelave, inovativnosti), da zahteva vključenost in dobro sodelovanje različnih strokovnjakov, osvetlili pa smo tudi njihov možen prihodnji razvoj ter nekatera etična vprašanja, ki se ob tem porajajo. Introduction: Thesis is researching practical usability of 3D scanning technology in the field of orthopedic and prosthetic devices. Various 3D scanning and printing methods along with their advantages and disadvantages are being presented as well as other areas where 3D scanning is at most useful. Thesis also shortly presents past development of 3D technology and points out possible future development. Purpose: Present the importance of 3D scanning as part of digitization of human body in the field of prosthetics and orthotics. Aim of the thesis is to present practical demonstration and analysis of usability of 3D scanning in the field if orthotics and prosthetics. Methods: Paper is based on literature such as books, articles, magazines, web content, graphic material etc. Method used for this thesis is theoretical such as studying the literature. When writing this paper we have used descriptive and comparative method. We searched for material in online databases COBISS, MEDLINE, PubMed, DiKUL and Google Scholar. Results: Main part of the thesis is presenting demonstration and analysis of some practical examples of 3D scanning in the field of making adapted orthotics and prosthetics for an individual user or patient. This was inserted in chapter Results, where we have stated the differences between different scanner types, considering only those which are being used in clinical environments. Discussion and conclusion: Thesis was concluded with findings, that 3D scanning in the field of prosthetics and orthotics has many advantages (availability, costs, usefulness, manufacturing and innovation, etc.). It also requires inclusion and good cooperation of various experts and we have also shed a light to its possible future development along with some ethnic issues that arise.

Tehnologija 3D modeliranja se je v zadnjih desetletjih razvila do te mere, da lahko skoraj vsakdo doma na svojem računalniku izdela realistične 3D modele s programsko opremo za 3D modeliranje. Del 3D modeliranja pa je tudi 3D kiparstvo, ki omogoča še izdelavo več stopnj podrobnosti in uprizoritev organskih oblik, ki bi jih pri navadnem 3D modeliranju lahko dosegli le s pomočjo tekstur ali 3D mapiranja. Cilj diplomske naloge je uprizoriti čim bolj realistično repliko objekta organske oblike. Ta model nameravamo potem še prototipirati s 3D tiskalnikom in ga dokončati do te mere, da bo deloval organsko in naravno. Technology of 3D modeling evolved in ten years to the point where anyone can create their own 3D models at home, with program tools on their own personal computers. A part of 3D modeling is also 3D sculpting, which can be used to create highly detailed 3D models and show organic shapes which can otherwise show only through textures and 3D maps. The main point of the diploma is to show a realistic looking 3D replica of an organic object. We will also prototype the model with 3D printing technology. We will then finish and paint the model to make it look natural and real.

Diplomsko delo prikazuje oblikovno prenovo avtomobilske maske z uporabo vzvratnega inženirstva. Na začetku diplomskega dela je predstavljena tehnologija vzvratnega inženirstva in njena uporaba v avtomobilski industriji, ter pojem avtomobilskega dizajna. V diplomskem delu so zajeti vsi koraki prenove avtomobilske maske od začetnih skic, do fizičnega predstavitvenega modela prenovljenega izdelka. Opisan je potek vseh uporabljenih metod vzvratnega inženirstva, ki so nas pripeljale do končnega izdelka. Uporabili smo tehnologije 3D digitalizacije, CAD modeliranja in 3D tiskanja, po postopku selektivnega laserskega sintranja. Rezultat diplomskega dela je CAD model prenovljene avtomobilske maske in predstavitvena maketa v pomanjšanem merilu, izdelana po postopku selektivnega laserskega sintranja. The following thesis demonstrates redesign of a car's radiator grille using reverse engineering. It begins with an introduction of reverse engineering technology, how it's used in automotive industry and what is the general concept of automotive desing. The thesis includes all steps in the process of redesigning a radiator grille from rough sketches to a three-dimensional presentation model. A description of all used methods of reverse engineering is given, which led us to a finished product. Methods such as 3D digitalization, CAD modeling and 3D printing with selective laser sintering have been used. The final result is a CAD model of a redesigned radiator grille and a scaled presentation model printed with selective laser sintering.