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Preserving historical architectural structures is crucial for safeguarding cultural heritage. This study explores the application of Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) to enhance the documentation process of the Ghiqa Historical Market in Saudi Arabia, a monument known for its intricate architecture and cultural significance. Traditional documentation methods often fail to capture detailed features accurately and rely on labour-intensive manual processes. HBIM uses advanced digital technologies to improve precision, efficiency, and preservation efforts. In this study, point cloud data from 3D laser scanning is used to create a detailed digital model of the market, covering structural systems, material attributes, architectural features, and historical context. The research also integrates historical archives and photographs to enrich the model with additional contextual information. This comprehensive approach provides a holistic understanding of the Ghiqa Historical Market, aiding accurate preservation and restoration decisions. HBIM offers several advantages in architectural documentation. The digital model enhances visualization, allowing stakeholders to explore the site from multiple perspectives. It also serves as a tool for analysing structural integrity, identifying potential risks, and planning restoration interventions. Moreover, digital documentation ensures effective knowledge transfer across generations, preserving valuable architectural heritage for future reference and research. Additionally, it promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, historians, conservators, and other stakeholders involved in preservation. Including the Ghiqa Historical Market in the UNESCO World Heritage List would highlight its global significance, attracting international attention and resources for its preservation. This designation would underscore the market's cultural and historical importance, fostering a sense of pride and responsibility in its maintenance. The implementation of Heritage BIM demonstrates its potential to revolutionize heritage conservation by combining diverse data sources into a single, detailed, and accessible digital resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Damage mechanisms of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) under fatigue loading are investigated using the 3D laser scanning technology. An independently configured 3D laser scanning system is used to monitor the damaging procedure. Texture analysis technique is also applied to enhance the understanding of the damage mechanisms of RPC under fatigue loading. In order to obtain the characteristic parameters of point cloud data, a point clouds projection algorithm is proposed. Damage evolution is described by the change of point cloud data of the damage in the 2D plane and 3D space during fatigue loading. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method is used to extract the characteristic parameters to evaluate the statue of the structural. Angular Second Moment and Cluster Shadow of typical sensitive characteristic indexes is screened by using the Digital Feature Screening. The reliability of the damage index was verified by image texture analysis and data expansion. Indexes extracted in this paper can be used as a new structural health monitoring indicator to assess health condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]