Search

Context: In Côte d'Ivoire, malaria is transmitted throughout the year with an increased rate during the rainy season. This pathology is endemic on the whole territory with seasonal variations. The major vector is Anopheles gambiae. The external microbiology quality assessment programs organized by both Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI) and PEPFAR, malaria microscopy was randomly carried out in 1/3 of the country regional health center laboratories. Laboratory technicians play a key role in malaria control programs because care services such as the disease monitoring depend on their diagnosis and technical skills. Aim: The aim of this evaluation was to control the quality of the microscopic diagnosis and the performance of on-duty technicians for the management of feverish patients and efforts to strengthen laboratory services. Méthodology: Six (6) RHC (Regional Health Center) laboratories were involved in the evaluation. Anonymity code was assigned to each of the participating laboratories. There were many discrepancies in External Quality Assessment (EQA) results on the field not with standing the parasitemia, low or high. Results: Only 30% of correct answers were recorded for P. falciparum identification. For P. ovale, we found a failure rate of 100% for laboratories. Conclusion: Parasitemia was approximate and many confusions were observed regarding the different stages of parasites.

Malaria disease is a pathology which occurs as a result of the oxidative stress. Three plants of the Ivorian pharmacopoeia are particularly used in the traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria in Cote d'Ivoire. They are Cochlospermum planchonii (Placo), Pericopsis laxiflora (Laper) and Harungana madagascariensis (Madhar).The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of three medicinal plants of Cote d'Ivoire. The quantitative measurement of total flavonoids gave the following results: Laper (560.80 mg QE/g ± 7.40), Madhar (352.50 mg QE/g ± 9.46) and Placo (314.20 mg QE/g ± 4.41). The total polyphenols were more concentrated in Laper (262.50 mg GAE/g ± 9.47) and Placo (203.20 mg GAE/g ± 2.21). Noticeable zinc content was found in Laper (13.56 ppm) and Placo (11.40 ppm) against 3.43 ppm in Madhar. The radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and antiradical power measurement by ABTS (2,2' azino bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay have showed good activity for Laper (IC50 = 7.50 μg/mL) and placo (IC50 = 8.01 μg/mL). The standard antioxidant compound (quercetin) gave an IC50 = 4.00 μg/mL. This study suggested that the high content of total flavonoids, total phenols and minerals in these plants could partly justify the therapeutic use of at least two of the three plants.

International audience; Introduction: Malaria is a deadly parasitic infection in its severe form. It is caused by an endoparasite protozoan transmitted by a mosquito vector. Despite considerable efforts to eradicate it, this endemic disease remains a public health problem because of its high frequency, severity and the consequences it generates. Furthermore, the existing treatments are increasingly ineffective; it is therefore urgent to find new anti-malarial drugs.Objective: From the phytochemical screening and the determination of the polyphenolic content of Dialium dinklagei and Diospyros monbuttensis used in traditional medicine in Côte d'Ivoire to treat malaria, we identified families of chemical compounds that can guide us towards pharmacological studies. These studies allow us to identify new molecules which could be a possible alternative antimalarial reference used today because of their effectiveness in treating malaria.Materials and Methods: From Dialium dinklagei and Diospyros monbuttensis, we obtained extracts decoction and hexane extracts, methanolic and aqueous extraction after three solvents of increasing polarity (n-hexane, methanol, water), respectively. The crude extracts obtained were tested for chemical identification of groups that may be the basis of the expected therapeutic effects. Moreover, the decoction and methanol extracts were used to determine the polyphenolic compounds.Results: The results vary from one plant species to another and from one sample to another. Abundant presence of alkaloids in all samples and an absence of steroids in other extract except decoction extract of Diospyoros monbuttensis were observed. Therefore, the other chemical groups are present in all plants in varying proportions but depending on the mode of extraction. A higher content of phenols and tannins in Dialium dinklagei over Diospyros monbuttensis was observed. However, the content of flavonoids of Dialium dinklagei is relatively lower compared to that observed in Diospyros monbuttensis.Conclusion: The overall results of the phytochemical screening and polyphenolic content would partly explain the traditional healers’ infatuation to these plants as antimalarials.

This study aimed to contribute to the fight against malaria by evaluating the anti-malarial potential of combinations of plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria in Benin. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated by the Sybr green method on clinical isolates and the K1 strain (chloroquine and pyrimethamine resistant) of Plasmodium falciparum while the DPPH trapping test was used to determine the anti-radical activity. Acute toxicity and anti-pyretic test were performed in vivo on Wistar rats. Secondary metabolites were identified by tube characterization tests and confirmed by spectrophotometric assay. The aqueous decoctions of the recipes are not-hemolytic (percentage of hemolysis