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1. Primary stroke prevention worldwide:translating evidence into action

Author

Owolabi, Mayowa O., Thrift, Amanda G., Mahal, Ajay, Ishida, Marie, Martins, Sheila, Johnson, Walter D., Pandian, Jeyaraj, Abd-Allah, Foad, Yaria, Joseph, Phan, Hoang T., Roth, Greg, Gall, Seana L., Beare, Richard, Phan, Thanh G., Mikulik, Robert, Akinyemi, Rufus O., Norrving, Bo, Brainin, Michael, Feigin, Valery L., Abanto, Carlos, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Addissie, Adamu, Adebayo, Oluwadamilola, Adeleye, Amos Olufemi, Adilbekov, Yerzhan, Adilbekova, Bibigul, Adoukonou, Thierry Armel, Aguiar de Sousa, Diana, Ajagbe, Temitope, Akhmetzhanova, Zauresh, Akpalu, Albert, Álvarez Ahlgren, Jhon, Ameriso, Sebastián, Andonova, Silva, Awoniyi, Foloruso Emmanuel, Bakhiet, Moiz, Barboza, Miguel, Basri, Hamidon, Bath, Philip, Bello, Olamide, Bereczki, Dániel, Beretta, Simone, Berkowitz, Aaron, Bernabé-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernhardt, Julie, Berzina, Guna, Bisharyan, Mher, Bovet, Pascal, Budincevic, Hrvoje, Cadilhac, Dominique, Caso, Valeria, Chen, Christopher, Chin, Jerome, Chwojnicki, Kamil, Conforto, Adriana, Cruz, Vitor Tedim, D'Amelio, Marco, Danielyan, Kristine, Davis, Stephen, Demarin, Vida, Dempsey, Robert, Dichgans, Martin, Dokova, Klara, Donnan, Geoffrey, Elkind, Mitchell S., Endres, Matthias, Fischer, Urs, Gankpé, Fortuné, Gaye Saavedra, Andrés, Gil, Artyom, Giroud, Maurice, Gnedovskaya, Elena, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafdi, Melanie, Hamadeh, Randah, Hamzat, T. Kolapo, Hankey, Graeme, Heldner, Mirjam, Ibrahim, Etedal Ahmed, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Inoue, Manabu, Jee, Sungju, Jeng, Jiann-Shing, Kalkonde, Yogesh, Kamenova, Saltanat, Karaszewski, Bartosz, Kelly, Peter, Khan, Taskeen, Kiechl, Stefan, Kondybayeva, Aida, Kõrv, Janika, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita V., Kruja, Jera, Lakkhanaloet, Mongkol, Langhorne, Peter, Lavados, Pablo M., Law, Zhe Kang, Lawal, Abisola, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Lebedynets, Dmytro, Lee, Tsong-Hai, Leung, Thomas, Liebeskind, David S., Lindsay, Patrice, López-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lotufo, Paulo Andrade, Machline-Carrion, Julia, Makanjuola, Akintomiwa, Markus, Hugh Stephen, Marquez-Romero, Juan Manuel, Medina, Marco, Medukhanova, Sabina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Merkin, Alexandr, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mohl, Stephanie, Moscoso-Porras, Miguel, Müller-Stierlin, Annabel, Murphy, Sean, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nasreldein, Ahmed, Nogueira, Raul Gomes, Nolte, Christian, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Novarro-Escudero, Nelson, Ogun, Yomi, Oguntoye, Richard Ayobami, Oraby, Mohammed Ibrahim, Osundina, Morenike, Ovbiagele, Bruce, Orken, Dilek Necioglu, Ozdemir, Atilla Özcan, Ozturk, Serefnur, Paccot, Melanie, Phromjai, Jurairat, Piradov, Piradov, Platz, Thomas, Potpara, Tatjana, Ranta, Annemarei, Rathore, Farooq, Richard, Edo, Sacco, Ralph L., Sahathevan, Ramesh, Santos Carquín, Irving, Saposnik, Gustavo, Sarfo, Fred Stephen, Sharma, Mike, Sheth, Kevin, Shobhana, A., Suwanwela, Nijasri, Svyato, Irina, Sylaja, P.N., Tao, Xuanchen, Thakur, Kiran T., Toni, Danilo, Topcuoglu, Mehmet Akif, Torales, Julio, Towfighi, Amytis, Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Tsiskaridze, Alexander, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall, Useche, Nicolás, Vanacker, Peter, Vassilopoulou, Sophia, Vukorepa, Gorana, Vuletic, Vladimira, Wahab, Kolawole W., Wang, Wenzhi, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wolfe, Charles, Yifru, Yared Mamushet, Yock-Corrales, Adriana, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yperzeele, Laetitia, Zhang, Puhong, Oguntoye, Stroke Experts Collaboration Group, Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., and Zhang P.

Subjects
Global Burden of Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Neurology, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Health policy, Cause of death, Entire population, Health professionals, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Neurologija, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Action (philosophy), Stroke prevention, Occlusive Cerebrovascular Disease, Life course approach, Human medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide and its burden is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries, many of which are unable to face the challenges it imposes. In this Health Policy paper on primary stroke prevention, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding primary prevention services, estimate the cost of stroke and stroke prevention, and identify deficiencies in existing guidelines and gaps in primary prevention. We also offer a set of pragmatic solutions for implementation of primary stroke prevention, with an emphasis on the role of governments and population-wide strategies, including task-shifting and sharing and health system re-engineering. Implementation of primary stroke prevention involves patients, health professionals, funders, policy makers, implementation partners, and the entire population along the life course.

Published
2022
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2. The state of stroke services across the globe: Report of World Stroke Organization–World Health Organization surveys

Author

Thrift A. G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H. T., Roth G., Gall S. L., Beare R., Phan T. G., Mikulik R., Norrving B., Feigin V. Abera S. F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T. A. Aguiar de Sousa D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R. O., Akpalu A. MB. ChB, Ameriso S. F., Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F. E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath P. M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A. L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M. S., Bovet P., Brainin M., Budincevic H., Cabral N. L., Cadilhac D A. , Caso V., Chen C., Chin J. H., Christensen H, Chwojnicki K., Conforto A. B., Cruz V. T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K. E., Davis S., Demarin V, Dempsey R. J., Dichgans M., Dokova Donnan, G. Duran, Elizondo M. A. B., Elkind M. S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M. E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., GayeSaavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V., Hacke W., Hamadeh R. R., Hamzat T. K., Hankey G. J., Heldner M. R., Ibrahim N. M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S. C., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Kõrv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne P., Kang Z. L., Kruja J., Lavados P. M., Lebedynets D., Leung T. W., Liebeskind D. S., Lindsay P., Liu L., López-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P. A., Machline-Carrion J. M., Markus H. S., Marquez-Romero J. M., Medina M. T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M. M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K. I., Nasreldein A, Nogueira R., Nolte C. H., Noubiap J. J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun Y., Oraby M. I., Ovbiagele B., Ōrken D. N., Ōzdemir A. O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F. A., Sacco R. L., Sahathevan R., Santos I. C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F. S., Sharma M., Sheth K. N., Shobhana A., Silva S. N., Suwanwela N. C., Sylaja P. N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M. A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J. N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K. W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C, Yifru M. Y., YockCorrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Owolabi, MO, Thrift, AG, Martins, S, Johnson, W, Pandian, J, Abd-Allah, F, Varghese, C, Mahal, A, Yaria, J, Phan, HT, Roth, G, Gall, SL, Beare, R, Phan, TG, D'Amelio M, Mikulik, R, Norrving, B, Feigin, VL, and Thrift A. G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H. T., Roth G., Gall S. L., Beare R., Phan T. G., Mikulik R., Norrving B., Feigin V. Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A. Aguiar de Sousa D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R.O., Akpalu A. MB. ChB , Ameriso S.F. , Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath, P.M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A.L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M.S., Bovet P., Brainin, M., Budincevic H., Cabral N.L., , Cadilhac D A. , Caso V., , Chen C., Chin J.H. , Christensen H, , Di, Chwojnicki K., Conforto A.B., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K.E., Davis, S., Demarin V, Dempsey R.J., Dichgans M., Dokova, Donnan, G., Duran, J., Elizondo M.A.B., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M.E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., GayeSaavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V. , Hacke, W., Hamadeh R.R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G.J., Heldner M.R., Ibrahim, N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S. C., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Kõrv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne, P., Kang Z.L., Kruja, J., Lavados P.M., Lebedynets D., Leung T.W., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Liu, L., López-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J.M., Markus, H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M.T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A, Nogueira R., Nolte C.H., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun Y., Oraby M.I., Ovbiagele B., Ōrken D.N., Ōzdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov, M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F.A., Roth G., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos I.C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K.N., Shobhana A., Silva, S.N., Suwanwela N. C., Sylaja P.N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen, T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J.N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C, Yifru M.Y., YockCorrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L.

Subjects
Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Globe, Commission, stroke quadrangle, Global Health, World Health Organization, World health, Article, Stroke service, rehabilitation, low and middle-income countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, State (polity), prevention, Acute care, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, high-income countrie, Stroke, Developing Countries, media_common, Stroke services, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Stroke Rehabilitation, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, low- and middle-income countrie, Settore MED/26 - Neurologia, acute care, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Improving stroke services is critical for reducing the global stroke burden. The World Stroke Organization–World Health Organization– Lancet Neurology Commission on Stroke conducted a survey of the status of stroke services in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries. Methods Using a validated World Stroke Organization comprehensive questionnaire, we collected and compared data on stroke services along four pillars of the stroke quadrangle (surveillance, prevention, acute stroke, and rehabilitation) in 84 countries across World Health Organization regions and economic strata. The World Health Organization also conducted a survey of non-communicable diseases in 194 countries in 2019. Results Fewer surveillance activities (including presence of registries, presence of recent risk factors surveys, and participation in research) were reported in low-income countries than high-income countries. The overall global score for prevention was 40.2%. Stroke units were present in 91% of high-income countries in contrast to 18% of low-income countries (p Conclusions There is an urgent need to improve access to stroke units and services globally especially in LMICs. Countries with less stroke services can adapt strategies from those with better services. This could include establishment of a framework for regular monitoring of stroke burden and services, implementation of integrated prevention activities and essential acute stroke care services, and provision of interdisciplinary care for stroke rehabilitation.

Published
2021

3. Carga global, regional y nacional de neurológicas. Desórdenes, 1990-2016: un análisis sistemático para el Global Estudio de la carga de enfermedad 2016

Author

Feigin V, Nichols E, Alam T, Bannick M, Beghi E, Blake N, Culpepper W, Dorsey E, Elbaz A, Ellenbogen R, Fisher J, Fitzmaurice C, Giussani G, Glennie L, James S, Johnson C, Kassebaum N, Logroscino G, Marin B, Mountjoy-Venning W, Nguyen M, Ofori-Asenso R, Patel A, Piccininni M, Roth G, Steiner T, Stovner L, Szoeke C, Theadom A, Vollset S, Wallin M, Wright C, Zunt J, Abbasi N, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahpour I, Aboyans V, Abraha H, Acharya D, Adamu A, Adebayo O, Adeoye A, Adsuar J, Afarideh M, Agrawal S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed M, Aichour A, Aichour I, Aichour M, Akinyemi R, Akseer N, Al-Eyadhy A, Salman R, Alahdab F, Alene K, Aljunid S, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Anber N, Antonio C, Arabloo J, Aremu O, Arnlov J, Asayesh H, Asghar R, Atalay H, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Ayuk T, Badawi A, Banach M, Banoub J, Barboza M, Barker-Collo S, Barnighausen T, Baune B, Bedi N, Behzadifar M, Bejot Y, Bekele B, Belachew A, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Beuran M, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta Z, Biadgo B, Bijani A, Bililign N, Bin Sayeed M, Blazes C, Brayne C, Butt Z, Campos-Nonato I, Cantu-Brito C, Car M, Cardenas R, Carrero J, Carvalho F, Castaneda-Orjuela C, Castro F, Catala-Lopez F, Cerin E, Chaiah Y, Chang J, Chatziralli I, Chiang P, Christensen H, Christopher D, Cooper C, Cortesi P, Costa V, Criqui M, Crowe C, Damasceno A, Daryani A, De la Cruz-Gongora V, De la Hoz F, De Leo D, Degefa M, Demoz G, Deribe K, Dharmaratne S, Diaz D, Dinberu M, Djalalinia S, Doku D, Dubey M, Dubljanin E, Duken E, Edvardsson D, El-Khatib Z, Endres M, Endries A, Eskandarieh S, Esteghamati A, Esteghamati S, Farhadi F, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Farzaei M, Fatima B, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes E, Feyissa G, Filip I, Fischer F, Fukumoto T, Ganji M, Gankpe F, Garcia-Gordillo M, Gebre A, Gebremichael T, Gelaw B, Geleijnse J, Geremew D, Gezae K, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Gidey M, Gill P, Gill T, Gnedovskaya E, Goulart A, Grada A, Grosso G, Guo Y, Gupta R, Haagsma J, Hagos T, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hankey G, Hao Y, Haro J, Hassankhani H, Hassen H, Havmoeller R, Hay S, Hegazy M, Heidari B, Henok A, Heydarpour F, Hoang C, Hole M, Rad E, Hosseini S, Hu G, Igumbor E, Ilesanmi O, Irvani S, Islam S, Jakovljevic M, Javanbakht M, Jha R, Jobanputra Y, Jonas J, Jozwiak J, Jurisson M, Kahsay A, Kalani R, Kalkonde Y, Kamil T, Kanchan T, Karami M, Karch A, Karimi N, Kasaeian A, Kassa T, Kassa Z, Kaul A, Kefale A, Keiyoro P, Khader Y, Khafaie M, Khalil I, Khan E, Khang Y, Khazaie H, Kiadaliri A, Kiirithio D, Kim A, Kim D, Kim Y, Kisa A, Kokubo Y, Koyanagi A, Krishnamurthi R, Defo B, Bicer B, Kumar M, Lacey B, Lafranconi A, Lansingh V, Latifi A, Leshargie C, Li S, Liao Y, Linn S, Lo W, Lopez J, Lorkowski S, Lotufo P, Lucas R, Lunevicius R, Mackay M, Mahotra N, Majdan M, Majdzadeh R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Manafi N, Mansournia M, Mantovani L, Marz W, Mashamba-Thompson T, Massenburg B, Mate K, McAlinden C, McGrath J, Mehta V, Meier T, Meles H, Melese A, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Mengistu D, Mengistu G, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Miller T, Mini G, Mirrakhimov E, Moazen B, Mohajer B, Mezerji N, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Mohammadibakhsh R, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M, Mohammed S, Mohebi F, Mokdad A, Monasta L, Mondello S, Moodley Y, Moosazadeh M, Moradi G, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradinazar M, Moraga P, Velasquez I, Morrison S, Mousavi S, Muhammed O, Muruet W, Musa K, Mustafa G, Naderi M, Nagel G, Naheed A, Naik G, Najafi F, Nangia V, Negoi I, Negoi R, Newton C, Ngunjiri J, Nguyen C, Nguyen L, Ningrum D, Nirayo Y, Nixon M, Norrving B, Noubiap J, Shiadeh M, Nyasulu P, Ogbo F, Oh I, Olagunju A, Olagunju T, Olivares P, Onwujekwe O, Oren E, Owolabi M, Mahesh P, Pakpour A, Pan W, Panda-Jonas S, Pandian J, Patel S, Pereira D, Petzold M, Pillay J, Piradov M, Polanczyk G, Polinder S, Postma M, Poulton R, Poustchi H, Prakash S, Prakash V, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rajati F, Ram U, Ranta A, 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Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, Neurologian yksikkö, Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki, II kirurgian klinikka, and HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center

Subjects
Dánarmein, Male, Epidemiology, Diseases, Malalties cerebrals, Global Burden of Disease, Disability Evaluation, 0302 clinical medicine, Case fatality rate, Psychology, Konur, Cause of death, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Incidence, Men, Taugavísindi, ddc, 3. Good health, Sálfræði, World health, Muerte, Neurology, GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators, Brain diseases, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Alzheimer disease, Carga global de enfermedades, Nervous system, medicine.medical_specialty, Global burden of diseases, Lífsgæði, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Health Sciences, Humans, Women, education, Trastornos neurológicos, VLAG, Aged, Science & Technology, 3112 Neurosciences, Global Burden of Diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Years of potential life lost, Επιστήμες Υγείας, Dementia, Human medicine, Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Clinical Medicine, 1109 Neurosciences, Neurological disorders, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, dementia, RC, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Dánartíðni, Nutrition and Disease, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, Disease Study, Taugasjúkdómar, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, Cause of Death, Global health, Prevalence, Causes of death, Public health, Mortality rate, Mental Disorders, Age Factors, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Middle Aged, neurologic disease, Death, Lýðheilsa, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Quality of life, Adult, Population, Clinical Neurology, Sex Factors, medicine, Life Science, Disability-adjusted life year, Medicine [Science], Mortality, Psychiatry, Disease burden, Neurology & Neurosurgery, burden of neurological disorders, Faraldsfræði, business.industry, Klinisk medicin, Causes de la mort, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Socioeconomic Factors, Karlar, global disease burden, Nervous System Diseases, Cause of death/trends, business
Abstract

Publisher´s version (útgefin grein)., Background Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.Methods We estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]) by age and sex for 15 neurological disorder categories (tetanus, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, brain and other CNS cancers, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron diseases, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine, tension-type headache, and a residual category for other less common neurological disorders) in 195 countries from 1990 to 2016. DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was the main method of estimation of prevalence and incidence, and the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) was used for mortality estimation. We quantified the contribution of 84 risks and combinations of risk to the disease estimates for the 15 neurological disorder categories using the GBD comparative risk assessment approach.Findings Globally, in 2016, neurological disorders were the leading cause of DALYs (276 million [95% UI 247–308]) and second leading cause of deaths (9·0 million [8·8–9·4]). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs from all neurological disorders combined increased (deaths by 39% [34–44] and DALYs by 15% [9–21]) whereas their age-standardised rates decreased (deaths by 28% [26–30] and DALYs by 27% [24–31]) between 1990 and 2016. The only neurological disorders that had a decrease in rates and absolute numbers of deaths and DALYs were tetanus, meningitis, and encephalitis. The four largest contributors of neurological DALYs were stroke (42·2% [38·6–46·1]), migraine (16·3% [11·7–20·8]), Alzheimer’s and other dementias (10·4% [9·0–12·1]), and meningitis (7·9% [6·6–10·4]). For the combined neurological disorders, age-standardised DALY rates were significantly higher in males than in females (male-to-female ratio 1·12 [1·05–1·20]), but migraine, multiple sclerosis, and tension-type headache were more common and caused more burden in females, with male-to-female ratios of less than 0·7. The 84 risks quantified in GBD explain less than 10% of neurological disorder DALY burdens, except stroke, for which 88·8% (86·5–90·9) of DALYs are attributable to risk factors, and to a lesser extent Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (22·3% [11·8–35·1] of DALYs are risk attributable) and idiopathic epilepsy (14·1% [10·8–17·5] of DALYs are risk attributable).Interpretation Globally, the burden of neurological disorders, as measured by the absolute number of DALYs, continues to increase. As populations are growing and ageing, and the prevalence of major disabling neurological disorders steeply increases with age, governments will face increasing demand for treatment, rehabilitation, and support services for neurological disorders. The scarcity of established modifiable risks for most of the neurological burden demonstrates that new knowledge is required to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies., ROA is funded by the National Institutes of Health (U01HG010273). SMA acknowledges the International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia and Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University for the approval and support to participate in this research project. AAw acknowledges funding support from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, through INSPIRE Faculty scheme. TBA acknowledges partial funding from the Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies. ABa is supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada. TWB was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor Award, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. MSBS acknowledges support from the Australian Government Research and Training Program scholarship for a PhD degree at the Australian National University, Australia. JJC is supported by the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. FCar is supported by the European Union (FEDER funds POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728 and POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265) and National Funds (FCT/MEC, Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia and Ministerio da Educacao e Ciencia) under the Partnership Agreements PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013 and PT2020UID/QUI/50006/2013. EC is supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT3 140100085). KD is supported by a Wellcome Trust [Grant Number 201900] as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. EF is supported by the European Union (FEDER funds POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728 and POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265) and National Funds (FCT/MEC, Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia and Ministerio da Educacao e Ciencia) under the Partnership Agreements PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013 and PT2020UID/QUI/50006/2013. SMSI is funded by the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University and received funding from High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia. YKa is a DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Fellow in Public Health. YJK is supported by the Office of Research and Innovation at Xiamen University Malaysia. BL acknowledges funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. WDL is supported in part by U10NS086484 NINDS. SLo is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (nutriCARD, grant agreement number 01EA1411A). RML is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Senior Research Fellowship. AMa and the Imperial College London are grateful for support from the NW London NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care. JJM is supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship), and the John Cade Fellowship (APP1056929) from NHMRC. TMei acknowledges additional institutional support from the Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena-Halle-Leipzig. IMV is supported by the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion (Panama). MOO is supported by SIREN U54 U54HG007479 and SIBS Genomics R01NS107900 grants. AMS was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. MMSM acknowledges the support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia (contract no 175087). AShe is supported by Health Data Research UK. MBS' work on traumatic brain injury is supported by grants NIH U01 NS086090 (PI G Manley) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and DoD W81XWH-14-2-0176 (PI G Manley) from the United States Department of Defense. RTS is supported in part by grant number PROMETEOII/2015/021 from Generalitat Valenciana and the national grant PI17/00719 from ISCIIIFEDER. AGT was supported by a Fellowship from the NHMRC (Australia; 1042600. KBT acknowledges funding supports from the Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, Cancer Society of New Zealand, Health Research Council, Gut Cancer Foundation, and the University of Auckland. CY acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81773552) and the Chinese NSFC International Cooperation and Exchange Program (grant number 71661167007)., "Peer Reviewed"

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2019
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