Author: "Emmanuel Malet" / Topic: 13. climate action - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Emmanuel Malet"' showing total 24 results

Start Over Author "Emmanuel Malet" Topic 13. climate action

24 results on '"Emmanuel Malet"'

1. Climate change and human lakeside adaptation in the Central Afar Region (Lake Abhe basin, Ethiopia & Djibouti) during the Later Stone Age - Neolithic transition: a multi-scalar and multi-proxy approach

Author: Gourguen Davtian, Marie Revel, Lamya Khalidi, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Laurent Bruxelles, Thibault Colombier, Carlo Mologni, Laure Schenini, Fabien Arnaud, Eric Chaumillon, Clément Ménard, Jessie Cauliez, Emmanuel Malet, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, Geography, Later Stone Age, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 13. Climate action, Scalar (mathematics), Climate change, Physical geography, 15. Life on land, Adaptation, Structural basin, Multi proxy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Throughout the last 20 ka, tropical Africa was the site of significant hydrological changes related to variations in the intensity of the African monsoon. Recent studies conducted in lake and deltaic sedimentary records suggest that gradual long-term monsoon humid oscillations (African Humid Period ~14 – ~6 ka) were punctuated by centennial-scale episodes of hyperaridity (HS1, YD, 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka). These abrupt hydrological changes could have caused drastic transformations in landscape patterns, providing favourable ecosystems, but also produced arid environments that may have restricted human exploitation of the landscape.The Abhe Lake basin in the Central Afar region (Ethiopia & Djibouti) is the endorheic receptacle of freshwater and terrigenous inputs from the Ethiopian Highlands, and is a hydro-sedimentary system sensitive to hydroclimatic change. Since 2014, in the context of the VAPOR-Afar and PSPCA programs (in Ethiopia and Djibouti respectively), we have intensified scientific investigations over this basin with the objective of exploring the evolution of Holocene hydroclimatic change, its impact on landscapes and on prehistoric human behaviour during one of the most forcible transitions in human history, that from a dominantly hunter-gathering way of life to the food production societies one.We present the first results of this research that combines paleoclimatological, geomorphological and geoarchaeological studies based on a new set of 14C datations on two lacustrine cores, on several morpho-sedimentary outcrops and on 8 new archaeological sites spanning the Early to Late Holocene. Our results allow us to: a) refine the temporal occurrence and the modalities of the African Humid Period and of the 8.2 and 4.2 ka hyperarid episodes, coupling paleolake-level reconstitution and lacustrine sediment analysis (paleolimnology, geochemistry); b) evaluate the impact of these hydroclimatic oscillations on perilacustrine sedimentary formation processes, especially for pedogenic formations; c) and better understand the relationship between environmental change and the development of one of the most important economic and cultural innovations, that of domestication.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Hydro-climatic fluctuations and their impact on Lake Abhe environments (Ethiopia & Djibouti): a lesson from the past 10,000 years

Author: Gourguen Davtian, Lamya Khalidi, Eric Chaumillon, Carlo Mologni, Fabien Arnaud, Laurent Bruxelles, Anne-Lise Develle, Marie Revel, Jessie Cauliez, Mathieu Schuster, Pierre Sabatier, and Emmanuel Malet
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 13. Climate action, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water
Abstract: Throughout the last 14 ka, tropical Africa experienced significant hydrological changes that were mainly driven by the orbital precession cycle, which controls the intensity of the African monsoon. Recent studies conducted in lake and deltaic sedimentary records suggest that long-term monsoon humid oscillations (African Humid Period / AHP ~14 – ~6 ka) were punctuated by centennial-scale episodes of hyperaridity. However, the abrupt or gradual aridification modalities since the end of the AHP and the modalities of the centennial-scale episodes, as well as their impacts on past and current environments are still debated.The Lake Abhe basin in the Central Afar region (Ethiopia & Djibouti) is the endorheic receptacle of freshwater originating in the Ethiopian Highlands, and represents a hydro-sedimentary system sensitive to hydro-climatic changes in East Africa. Today it is characterized by residual lakes (Gamari and Afambo lakes) and a hyper-arid climate, while during the AHP, the Abhe basin was occupied by a Mega-lake and by humid environmental conditions. Holocene climatic disruptions drastically changed the landscapes and ways of life along this basin. The aim of this study is to describe, interpret and estimate the impact of hydro-climatic oscillations on the evolution of Lake Abhe’s littoral lacustrine environments and palaeolandscapes since the AHP from different viewpoints.Indeed, this research combines paleoclimatological and geomorphological studies based on a new set of 14C ages on two lacustrine cores and on several morpho-sedimentary outcrops spanning the Early to Late Holocene. Our results allow us to: a) refine the temporal occurrence and the hydrological modalities of the AHP including short-term arid episodes linked to Younger Dryas and 8.2 ka North Atlantic events; b) recognise some paleo-shoreline geomorphic features linked to lake level fluctuations, as well as the development littoral pedological horizons and the activation/shutdown of the perilacustrine fluvial network during humid and arid events; c) track these changes until the present day, and discuss their evolution scenario in the near future.Comparing with other regional climatic records, we show how Lake Abhe basin was highly reactive to East African monsoonal regimes, and how current hydrological changes could impact its environments.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Diagenetic formation of uranium-silica polymers in lake sediments over 3,300 years

Author: Mathilde Zebracki, Pascale Louvat, Emmanuel Malet, Pierre Lefebvre, Didier Jézéquel, Pierre Le Pape, Alkiviadis Gourgiotis, John R. Bargar, Pascale Blanchart, Nicolas Menguy, Jean-Louis Reyss, Guillaume Morin, Pauline Merrot, Camille Baya, Charlotte Cazala, Pierre Sabatier, Jérôme Gaillardet, Arnaud Mangeret, Olivier Diez, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/USDR, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL SLAC), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University-Stanford University, Minéralogie Environnementale (MinEnv), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), United States Department of Energy (DOE)DE-AC02-76SF00515IPGP multidisciplinary program PARIParis-IdF Region SESAME Grant12015908IRSNLS 20942, ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018), Service des déchets radioactifs et des transferts dans la géosphère (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Propriétés des amorphes, liquides et minéraux [IMPMC] (IMPMC_PALM), Laboratoire de recherche sur le devenir des pollutions de sites radioactifs (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Unité d'expertise des sites et des déchets radioactifs (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE/USDR), and IMPMC_Minéralogie Environnementale (IMPMC_MINENV)
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, lake sediments, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, uranium, Coffinite, Organic matter, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, chemistry.chemical_classification, Multidisciplinary, Isotopes of uranium, Lability, Authigenic, Uranium, diagenetic aging, noncrystalline species, Diagenesis, Speciation, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Physical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, uranium isotopes
Abstract: The long-term fate of uranium-contaminated sediments, especially downstream former mining areas, is a widespread environmental challenge. Essential for their management is the proper understanding of uranium (U) immobilization mechanisms in reducing environments. In particular, the long-term behavior of noncrystalline U(IV) species and their possible evolution to more stable phases in subsurface conditions is poorly documented, which limits our ability to predict U long-term geochemical reactivity. Here, we report direct evidence for the evolution of U speciation over 3,300 y in naturally highly U-enriched sediments (350–760 µg ⋅ g(−1) U) from Lake Nègre (Mercantour Massif, Mediterranean Alps, France) by combining U isotopic data (δ(238)U and ((234)U/(238)U)) with U L(3)-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Constant isotopic ratios over the entire sediment core indicate stable U sources and accumulation modes, allowing for determination of the impact of aging on U speciation. We demonstrate that, after sediment deposition, mononuclear U(IV) species associated with organic matter transformed into authigenic polymeric U(IV)–silica species that might have partially converted to a nanocrystalline coffinite (U(IV)SiO(4)·nH(2)O)-like phase. This diagenetic transformation occurred in less than 700 y and is consistent with the high silica availability of sediments in which diatoms are abundant. It also yields consistency with laboratory studies that proposed the formation of colloidal polynuclear U(IV)–silica species, as precursors for coffinite formation. However, the incomplete transformation observed here only slightly reduces the potential lability of U, which could have important implications to evaluate the long-term management of U-contaminated sediments and, by extension, of U-bearing wastes in silica-rich subsurface environments.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Snow control on active layer thickness in steep alpine rock walls (Aiguille du Midi, 3842ma.s.l., Mont Blanc massif)

Author: Sebastian Westermann, Emmanuel Malet, Paolo Pogliotti, Florence Magnin, Ludovic Ravanel, Philip Deline, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), ARPA Valle d'Aosta (Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency), Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA), International Permafrost Association, and EDYTEM, Océane Giorda
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Snow field, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Permafrost, 01 natural sciences, Rockfall, Snow, Snow line, Geomorphology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Rock wall permafrost, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, Firn, Bedrock temperature monitoring, Energy balance modelling, Active layer, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, human activities, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Since the early 2000s, a remarkable amount of rockfalls has been observed in permafrost areas of the mid-latitude mountain ranges concurrently to hot summers. This study explores the seasonal thaw (ST) in permafrost rock walls of the Aiguille du Midi site (3842 m a.s.l., Mont Blanc massif). We first analyse six years of temperature records in three 10 m-deep boreholes against air temperature (AT) and a four-year time series of pictures showing the snow conditions on two rock faces. Then, we test the sensitivity of the active layer against eight snow fall scenarios using the 1-D surface energy balance and heat conduction model CryoGrid 3 forced by in-situ measurements from a vertical face. Snow falls occur all the year round at this elevation and play an important role for the active layer thickness (ALT), but the snow cover and its control are highly heterogeneous. A long-lasting of a snow cover during spring/early summer delays the ST and reduces the ALT. The thicker and the more spatially-continuous is the snow cover, the stronger are the delay and ALT reduction. Convective clouds could also reinforce this pattern. The summer AT and heat waves are the dominant controlling factors of the ALT. But summer snow falls can sometimes persist for several days on the rock surface and reduce the effect of the heat waves. Active layer can thicken during the early fall, except if the snow starts to accumulate on the rock surface and favours the refreezing. The timing of the snow fall is the most critical parameter to determine the snow effect on the ALT. This study suggests that the characteristics of the bedrock and snow accumulation (steepness, surface roughness, and sun-exposure) must be taken into account to better understand the formation and changes of the active layer and its possible implications for rockfall triggering.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Pastoralism increased vulnerability of a subalpine catchment to flood hazard through changing soil properties

Author: Delphine Rioux, Pierre Sabatier, Yann Bertrand, Jérôme Poulenard, Claire Blanchet, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Emmanuel Malet, Wentao Chen, Erwan Messager, Manon Bajard, Anne-Lise Develle, Ludovic Gielly, Fabien Arnaud, Charline Giguet-Covex, and Christian Crouzet
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Flood myth, Paleontology, Sediment, Weathering, 15. Life on land, Sedimentation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Podzol, humanities, Pedogenesis, 13. Climate action, parasitic diseases, Erosion, Physical geography, Loss on ignition, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Soil erosion is strongly linked to both precipitation patterns and land-use. We examine the effects of erosion and its drivers (i.e. human or/and climate) on soil evolution from the study of lacustrine archives in the northern French Alps. Multi-proxy analyses of the Lake Gers sediment sequence combined with the study of soils and rocks of its catchment allowed to reconstruct its evolution over the past 4.6 kyr. This included 14C dating, short-lived radionuclides, geochemistry, loss on ignition, grain-size analyses, as well as plant and mammal DNA analyses. A total of 127 instantaneous deposits were identified among the continuous sedimentation in the lake and 93 were interpreted as flood deposits. Erosion was quantified for the whole catchment considering both the continuous sedimentation and the flood deposit thicknesses. The catchment is mainly formed by andesitic sandstones over which Andosols and Podzols can develop. However, low weathered materials from colluviation constitute the main input to the lake. Four main phases of changes in soil weathering were recorded by increases in K2O/TiO2 ratios, associated with an increase in both erosion and flood-frequency. Two phases were associated with climate cooling in the Western Alps, from 2.65 to 2.5 and from 1.45 to 1.3 cal kyr BP. The two others (1.9–1.75 and 0.9–0.4 cal kyr BP) were triggered with deforestation, with cow grazing during the Roman period, and with grazing of cows, sheep and goats during the Medieval period, amplified by the onset of the Little Ice Age. The increase in erosion and flood frequency after 950 cal yr BP indicates substantial damages to soils of the catchment including increase of their erodibility over the last millennia.
Published: 2019

6. DNA from lake sediments reveals long-term ecosystem changes after a biological invasion

Author: Jostein Bakke, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Jérôme Poulenard, Anouk Leloup, Emmanuel Malet, Pierre Taberlet, Pierre Sabatier, Ludovic Gielly, Fabien Arnaud, Eivind Støren, Bernard Fanget, David Etienne, Jean-Louis Reyss, Erwan Messager, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ESKER project IPEV, the French Polar Institute 1094-PALAS, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Geologic Sediments, Climate Change, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Environmental Studies, Biodiversity, Introduced species, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, 03 medical and health sciences, C2FN, Abundance (ecology), Animals, Ecosystem, Environmental DNA, 14. Life underwater, Coprophilous fungi, Applied Ecology, Research Articles, Mammals, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, SciAdv r-articles, Plant community, DNA, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Plants, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Lakes, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Introduced Species, Research Article
Abstract: Rabbits have had a stronger impact on the landscape and plant communities of a remote island than one century of climate change., What are the long-term consequences of invasive species? After invasion, how long do ecosystems require to reach a new equilibrium? Answering these questions requires long-term, high-resolution data that are vanishingly rare. We combined the analysis of environmental DNA extracted from a lake sediment core, coprophilous fungi, and sedimentological analyses to reconstruct 600 years of ecosystem dynamics on a sub-Antarctic island and to identify the impact of invasive rabbits. Plant communities remained stable from AD 1400 until the 1940s, when the DNA of invasive rabbits was detected in sediments. Rabbit detection corresponded to abrupt changes of plant communities, with a continuous decline of a dominant plant species. Furthermore, erosion rate abruptly increased with rabbit abundance. Rabbit impacts were very fast and were stronger than the effects of climate change during the 20th century. Lake sediments can allow an integrated temporal analysis of ecosystems, revealing the impact of invasive species over time and improving our understanding of underlying mechanisms.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Corrigendum to '6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps - Interplay of solar and temperature forcing' [Quaternary Science Reviews 170 (2017) 121–135]

Author: Emmanuel Malet, Jean-Louis Reyss, Pierre Taberlet, Yves Perrette, Ludovic Gielly, Bruno Wilhelm, Anne-Lise Develle, Adeline Bichet, Fanny Moiroux, Fabien Arnaud, Wentao Chen, Jérôme Poulenard, Manon Bajard, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Cécile Pignol, Pierre Sabatier, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de génétique et biologie cellulaire (LGBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood frequency analysis, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Quaternary science, Geology, Forcing (mathematics), [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, C2FN, 13. Climate action, Climatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Intensity (heat transfer), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Determination of warm, sensitive permafrost areas in near-vertical rockwalls and evaluation of distributed models by electrical resistivity tomography

Author: Alexandre R. Bevington, Emmanuel Malet, Ludovic Ravanel, Michael Krautblatter, Philip Deline, and Florence Magnin
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Distributed element model, Snow, Mont blanc massif, Permafrost, Geophysics, Rockfall, 13. Climate action, Fracture (geology), Electrical resistivity tomography, Glacial period, Geomorphology, Geology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Alpine rockwalls with warm permafrost (near 0°C) are the most active rockfall detachment zones in the Mont Blanc massif (MBM, French Alps) with more than 380 recent events. Near-vertical rockwall permafrost is spatially controlled by variations in rock fractures, snow cover, and microtopography. A reliable method to validate the distribution of permafrost in critical and unstable areas does not yet exist. We present seven electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys measured on five near-vertical rockwalls in the MBM from 2012 and 2013 that have been calibrated with measurements on a granite sample in the laboratory. ERT shows consistent measurements of remaining sensitive permafrost relating to inferred temperatures from 0 to −1.5°C. ERT results demonstrate evidence of topographic controls on permafrost distribution and resistivity gradients that appear to reflect crest width. ERT results are compared to two permafrost index maps that use topoclimatic factors and combine effects of thin snow and fractures, where index model spatial resolution is crucial for the validation with ERT. In cryospheric environments, index maps seem to overestimate permafrost conditions in glacial environments. As a consequence, the sensitive areas of permafrost may slightly deviate from the results from distributed models that are only constrained by topoclimatic factors and interpreted with consideration of local fracture and snow conditions. This study demonstrates (i) that the sensitive and hazardous areas of permafrost in near-vertical rock faces can be assessed and monitored by the means of temperature-calibrated ERT and (ii) that ERT can be used for distributed model validation.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Instrumentation hydrométéorologique spatialisée sur le bassin versant du Vorz (massif de Belledonne)

Author: Georges-Marie Saulnier, Thierry Barth, Emmanuel Malet, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Emmanuel Malet, Laurent Astrade, and Referent HAL Edytem, Christine Maury
Subjects: hydrology, snow cover, image analysis, monitoring, meteorology, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Forestry, hydrologie, météorologie, instrumentation, analyse d'image, enneigement, General Medicine, 6. Clean water, Geology, Snow cover
Abstract: The Vorz catchment in Belledonne massif is impacted by important flash flood, as for example the flashflood event of August 2005. These floods show the need to better understand this catchment and the hydrometeorological processes. Thus, a monitoring program take place on this mountain catchment of 18km ² (elevation ranges between 950 to 2 977m) and with significant nival melting contribution. The monitoring protocol is based on the bet that it is possible to monitor several hydrometeorological variables such as temperatures, rainfall, orographic and thermal gradient with a spatial distributed network of sensors at limited costs. This network allowed to collect most essential data between 2009 and 2011 that can be used to supply and force different models of snow and hydrology. The results of these models enable the study of flood (flash flood and melting flood) but also water resource management in the context of climate change., Le bassin versant du Vorz, dans le massif de Belledonne, a connu de crues conséquentes, notamment en août 2005. Ces crues ont mis en évidence la nécessité de mieux comprendre ce bassin et son fonctionnement hydrométéorologique. Ainsi, un programme d’instrumentation a été mis en place sur ce bassin de montagne d’une surface de 18 km ² (entre 760 et 2 977 m) et présentant des caractéristiques nivales marquées. Le protocole avait pour objectif d’étudier la faisabilité d’une instrumentation spatialisée à coût raisonné des différentes variables hydrométéorologiques indispensables pour bien modéliser le cycle de l’eau, c’est-à-dire les températures, précipitations, ensoleillement, gradients orographiques et thermiques ou encore l’évolution de l’enneigement. Ce réseau, installé entre 2009 et 2011, a montré qu’il permettait de recueillir l’essentiel des données nécessaires à alimenter et contraindre les modèles d’enneigement et de fonte liés aux modèles hydrologiques, permettant l’étude et la prévision des crues (fonte et orage), ainsi que les gestions des ressources en eau et la conciliation des usages, en particulier dans l’optique des évolutions climatiques actuelles., Barth Thierry, Malet Emmanuel, Saulnier Georges-Marie. Instrumentation hydrométéorologique spatialisée sur le bassin versant du Vorz (massif de Belledonne). In: Collection EDYTEM. Cahiers de géographie, numéro 19, 2017. Monitoring en milieux naturels. Retours d’expériences en terrains difficiles. pp. 111-120.
Published: 2017

10. Instrumentation thermique et cinématique des parois à permafrost du massif du Mont Blanc

Author: Ludovic Ravanel, Jan Beutel, Paolo Pogliotti, P.A Duvillard, Umberto Morra di Cella, Fabrizio Troilo, Stephan Gruber, Grégoire Guillet, Florence Magnin, Emmanuel Malet, Philip Deline, EDYTEM, Océane Giorda, Emmanuel Malet, Laurent Astrade, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation Montagne Sure, ARPA Valle d'Aosta (Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency), Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Glaciology, Geomorphodynamics and Geochronology, Department of Geography [Zürich], and Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)
Subjects: Mont Blanc massif, rock walls, permafrost, temperature measurements, extensometry, high mountain, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, 01 natural sciences, massif du Mont Blanc, thermométrie, fissurométrie, haute montagne, parois rocheuses, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Unlike the superficial deposits in which the presence of permafrost is indicated by geomorphological evidences, its occurrence in the rock walls can only be suggested by the existence of perennial ice sheets or hanging glaciers. Everywhere else, only indirect (geophysics) or direct temperature measurements make it possible to verify its presence. In these rock walls, permafrost and its degradation due to global warming are at the origin of rock falls and rock avalanches with a devastating power. In order to know the state and the thermal evolution of the rock walls, to parameterize or validate the permafrost distribution models, or to survey the kinematics of the fractures in the bedrock, it is necessary to monitor these rock walls. This article presents the methods of instrumentation and the equipment used for more than 10 years in the Mont Blanc massif as well as the associated research questions., Contrairement aux formations superficielles au sein desquelles la présence de permafrost peut être attestée par certains indices géomorphologiques, son occurrence dans les parois rocheuses ne peut qu’être suggérée par l’existence de couvertures de glace pérennes ou de glaciers suspendus. Partout ailleurs, seules des mesures indirectes (géophysiques) ou directes de température permettent de vérifier sa présence. Dans ces parois, le permafrost et sa dégradation causée par le réchauffement climatique sont à l’origine d’écroulements et d’avalanches rocheuses aux effets dévastateurs. Pour connaître l’état et l’évolution thermique des parois, paramétrer ou valider les modèles de distribution du permafrost, ou suivre la cinématique des fractures qui découpent les massifs rocheux, il est donc nécessaire d’instrumenter les parois. Cet article présente les modalités d’instrumentation et les matériels utilisés depuis plus de 10 ans dans le massif du Mont Blanc ainsi que les questions de recherche qui leur sont associées., Ravanel Ludovic, Malet Emmanuel, Duvillard Pierre-Alain, Magnin Florence, Deline Philip, Guillet Grégoire, Troilo Fabrizio, Pogliotti Paolo, Morra di Cella Umberto, Beutel Jan, Gruber Stephan. Instrumentation thermique et cinématique des parois à permafrost du massif du Mont Blanc. In: Collection EDYTEM. Cahiers de géographie, numéro 19, 2017. Monitoring en milieux naturels. Retours d’expériences en terrains difficiles. pp. 27-38.
Published: 2017

11. 6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps – Interplay of solar and temperature forcing

Author: Jérôme Poulenard, Ludovic Gielly, Fabien Arnaud, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Emmanuel Malet, Yves Perrette, Fanny Moiroux, Pierre Taberlet, Bruno Wilhelm, Cécile Pignol, Wentao Chen, Jean-Louis Reyss, Anne-Lise Develle, Pierre Sabatier, Manon Bajard, Adeline Bichet, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de génétique et biologie cellulaire (LGBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood frequency and intensity, Human activity, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Mesoscale meteorology, Forcing (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, C2FN, Paleoclimatology, Earthquakes, Precipitation, Sedimentology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Flood myth, Ancient DNA, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Geology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Western mediterranean alps, Lake sediment, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 13. Climate action, Climatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The high-resolution sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a sediment sequence from Lake Savine(Western Mediterranean Alps, France) led to the identification of 220 event layers for the last 6000 years.200 were triggered by flood events and 20 by underwater mass movements possibly related to earthquakesthat occurred in 5 clusters of increase seismicity. Because human activity could influence theflood chronicle, the presence of pastures was reconstructed through ancient DNA, which suggested thatthe flood chronicle was mainly driven by hydroclimate variability. Weather reanalysis of historical floodsallow to identify that mesoscale precipitation events called “East Return” events were the main triggersof floods recorded in Lake Savine. The first part of this palaeoflood record (6e4 kyr BP) was characterizedby increases in flood frequency and intensity in phase with Northern Alpine palaeoflood records. Bycontrast, the second part of the record (i.e., since 4 kyr BP) was phased with Southern Alpine palaeofloodrecords. These results suggest a palaeohydrological transition at approximately 4 kyr BP, as has beenpreviously described for the Mediterranean region. This may have resulted in a change of flood-pronehydro-meteorological processes, i.e., in the balance between occurrence and intensity of local convectiveclimatic phenomena and their influence on Mediterranean mesoscale precipitation events in thispart of the Alps. At a centennial timescale, increases in flood frequency and intensity corresponded toperiods of solar minima, affecting climate through atmospheric changes in the Euro-Atlantic sector
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Seasonal changes of organic matter quality and quantity at the outlet of a forested karst system (La Roche Saint Alban, French Alps)

Author: Jérôme Poulenard, Fabien Hoblea, Marc Dzikowski, Yves Perrette, Emmanuel Malet, Bernard Fanget, Grégory Tissier, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aquifer, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Hydrology (agriculture), Cross-correlogram, Organic carbon flow, Organic matter, Karst spring, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Hydrology, Total organic carbon, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Karst, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 6. Clean water, Fluorescent organic matter, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Water quality, Groundwater
Abstract: International audience; Because of its impact on water quality, organic matter (OM) in karst groundwater has been widely studied. The present article describes a method for monitoring OM in karst aquifers characterized by quick responses to rainfall. This method combines weekly manual sampling and continuous monitoring to provide, qualitative and quantitative information about OM flow. Weekly samples were analyzed for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content and spectrofluorescence, while continuous monitoring was carried out at the main spring, using a field fluorimeter (310/400-700 nm and 280/300-600 nm) to quantify chromophoric organic matter (COM). The type and quantity of COM were defined by decomposing Excitation Emission Matrices (EEMs) and by applying a 2D fluorescence decomposition method. Continuous monitoring data showed that the dominant COM was humic-like (HL). We found three types of relationship between HL and discharge and between HL and TOC, showing that caution must be exercised when using field fluorimeter measurements to quantify TOC. Each relationship was characterized by global differences in OM content and by the presence of different percentages of non-chromophoric organic matter. These three relationships are associated with changes in hydrology and microorganism activity during the year. We used these relationships to estimate the annual OM flow (about 15 kg/ha/year) and thereby quantify OM flow during the year. Our results show the importance of the non-chromophoric organic matter in such estimation. That work illustrates the need to couple qualitative and quantitative monitoring of OM in karst spring to improve the global comprehension of karst system and of the sources implies in the OM flow.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Palaeoflood activity and climate change over the last 1400 years recorded by lake sediments in the north-west European Alps

Author: Pierre Sabatier, Bernard Fanget, Edouard Bard, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Cécile Pignol, Bruno Wilhelm, Emmanuel Chapron, Olivier Magand, Thierry Courp, Fabien Arnaud, Kazuyo Tachikawa, Emmanuel Malet, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, flood frequency, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), flood intensit y, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, Global warming, Paleontology, Sediment, Glacier, 15. Life on land, Turbidite, climate change, lake sediment, last millennium, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Sedimentary rock, Geology
Abstract: International audience; A high-resolution sedimentological and geochemical study of a high-altitude proglacial lake (Lake Blanc, Aiguilles Rouges, 2352m a.s.l.) revealed 195 turbidites, 190 of which are related to flood events over the last 1400 years. We used the coarsest sediment fraction of each turbidite as a proxy for the intensity of each flood event. Because most flood events at this locality are triggered by localized summer convective precipitation events, the reconstructed sedimentary record reveals changes in the frequency and intensity of such events over the last millennium. Comparisons with other temperature, palaeohydrological and glacier reconstructions in the region suggest that the most intense events occurred during the warmest periods, i.e. during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (AD 800-1300) and the current period of global warming. On a multi-decadal time scale, almost all the flood frequency peaks seem to correspond to warmer periods, whereas multi-centennial variations in flood frequency appear to follow the regional precipitation pattern. Consequently, this new Alpine flood record provides further evidence of a link between climate warming and an increase in the frequency and intensity of flooding on a multidecadal time scale, whereas the centennial variability in flood frequencies is related to regional precipitation patterns.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. One thousand seven hundred years of interaction between glacial activity and flood frequency in proglacial Lake Muzelle (western French Alps)

Author: Emmanuel Malet, Laurent Fouinat, Anne-Lise Develle, Fabien Arnaud, Christian Crouzet, Clotilde Sagot, Jérôme Poulenard, Pierre Sabatier, Richard Bonet, David Etienne, Jean-Louis Reyss, Elise Doyen, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Parc national des Ecrins, Ecrins National Park, Communaute des Communes de l'Oisans, Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie, Deux Alpes Loisirs, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), and Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: lac, 010506 paleontology, Watershed, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood frequency analysis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 01 natural sciences, C2FN, flooding, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), open water, parasitic diseases, Organic matter, Glacial period, inondation, Loss on ignition, Little ice age, French Alps, alpes françaises, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, chemistry.chemical_classification, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, sédiment lacustre, fluctuation, fungi, Glacier, flood reconstruction, foyer glaciaire, humanities, glacier fluctuation, lake sediment, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, population characteristics, Geology, geographic locations
Abstract: Local glacial fluctuations and flood occurrences were investigated in the sediment sequence of proglacial Lake Muzelle. Based on geochemical analysis and organic matter content established using loss on ignition and reflectance spectroscopy, we identified six periods of increased glacial activity over the last 1700 yr. Each is in accordance with records from reference glaciers in the Alps. A total of 255 graded layers were identified and interpreted as flood deposits. Most of these occurred during glacial advances such as the Little Ice Age period and exhibit thicker deposits characterized by an increase in the fine grain-size fraction. Fine sediment produced by glacial activity is transported to the proglacial lake during heavy rainfall events. The excess of glacial flour during these periods seems to increase the watershed’s tendency to produce flood deposits in the lake sediment, suggesting a strong influence of the glacier on flood reconstruction records. Thus, both flood frequency and intensity, which is estimated based on layer thickness as a proxy, cannot be used in reconstruction of past extreme events because of their variability. There is a need to take into account changes in sediment supply in proglacial areas that could preclude satisfactory interpretation of floods in terms of past climate variability.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. The overlooked human influence in historic and prehistoric floods in the European Alps

Author: Frédéric Guiter, Cécile Miramont, Rosine Cartier, Emmanuel Malet, Pierre Sabatier, Edward J. Anthony, Tiané Troussier, Elodie Brisset, Yoann Poher, Fabien Arnaud, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)
Subjects: Hydrology, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood myth, Reforestation, Fluvial, Climate change, Geology, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), Forest restoration, C2FN, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Soil retrogression and degradation, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Understanding the role of climate and humans in generating mountain slope instability is crucial because such instability influences downstream fluvial activity and is a major threat to societies. Here, we use the sedimentary archive of Lake Allos (southeastern France), a mountain lake in the European Alps, to characterize mountain flood deposits and vegetation dynamics over the past 7000 yr. Our results support the interpretation of a critical threshold in catchment sensitivity to erosion at 1700 calibrated (cal.) yr B.P. (A.D. 250) probably resulting from long-term, uninterrupted impacts of human activity. The frequency and severity of floods increased dramatically after this date. These results demonstrate that underestimation of human impacts over the Holocene may pose a challenge to a clear understanding of past climate changes because paleoflood records are highly likely to have been affected by geomorphic thresholds. Natural reforestation since the end of the 19th century does not appear to be sufficient to induce a flood regime comparable to that which occurred prior to 1700 cal. yr B.P. This poses the question as to whether forest restoration in high-altitude environments is liable to foster a return to a low-erosion regime over the next decades, or whether the overall severity of soil degradation has been such as to preclude a return to previous conditions.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Erosion record in Lake La Thuile sediments (Prealps, France): Evidence of montane landscape dynamics throughout the Holocene

Author: Bernard Fanget, Anne-Lise Develle, Emmanuel Malet, Fernand David, Daniel Arnaud, Manon Bajard, Pierre Sabatier, Jean-Louis Reyss, Laurent Augustin, Jérôme Poulenard, Fabien Arnaud, Christian Crouzet, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Logiques de l'Agir ( EA 2274) (LdA), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Division technique INSU/SDU (DTI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Logiques de l'Agir ( UR 2274) (LdA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Logiques de l'Agir - UFC ( LdA ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Division technique INSU/SDU ( DTI ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre ( ISTerre ), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA )
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Landscape dynamics, Sequence (geology), C2FN, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hydrology, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Paleontology, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Period (geology), Erosion, Montane ecology, Sedimentary rock, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Lake La Thuile, in the Northern French Prealps (874 m a.s.l.), provides an 18-m long sedimentary sequence spanning the entire Lateglacial/Holocene period. The high-resolution multi-proxy (sedimentological, palynological, and geochemical) analysis of the uppermost 6.2 m reveals the Holocene dynamics of erosion in the catchment in response to landscape modifications. The mountain belt is at relevant altitude to study past human activities, and the watershed is sufficiently disconnected from large valleys to capture a local sedimentary signal. From 12,000 to 10,000 cal. BP (10-8 kyr cal. BC), the onset of hardwood species triggered a drop in erosion following the Lateglacial/Holocene transition. From 10,000 to 4500 cal. BP (8-2.5 kyr cal. BC), the forest became denser and favored slope stabilization, while erosion processes were very weak. A first erosive phase was initiated at ca. 4500 cal. BP without evidence of human presence in the catchment. Then, the forest declined at approximately 3000 cal. BP, suggesting the first human influence on the landscape. Two other erosive phases are related to anthropic activities: approximately 2500 cal. BP (550 cal. BC) during the Roman period and after 1600 cal. BP (350 cal. AD) with a substantial accentuation in the Middle Ages. In contrast, the lower erosion produced during the `Little Ice Age', when climate deteriorations are generally considered to result in an increased erosion signal in this region, suggests that anthropic activities dominated the erosive processes and completely masked the natural effects of climate on erosion in the late Holocene.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Mass budget in two high altitude lakes reveals their role as atmospheric PCB sinks

Author: Yann-Michel Nellier, Philippe Fanget, Emmanuel Malet, Marie-Elodie Perga, Nathalie Cottin, Emmanuel Naffrechoux, Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement (LCME_CE), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Region Rhone-Alpes, and Fondation Eau
Subjects: Pollution, Environmental Engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Alpine lakes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Atmospheric deposition, Altitude, Water column, Polychlorinated biphenyls, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Pollutant, Hydrology, Atmosphere, Sediment, Snow, Lakes, Deposition (aerosol physics), Mass budget, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, France, Surface runoff, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; A mass budget of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was constructed for two altitude lakes located in the French Alps to (i) quantify inward and outward PCB flux over the entire year of 2012, (ii) hierarchize the dominant pathways of PCB transfers, and (iii) evaluate towhat extent these pathways vary between both lakes. The annual PCB inputs were similar, and the glacial runoff and sediment-to-water exchange were negligible sources of PCBs to the water column relative to atmospheric deposition. The annual inputs were primarily introduced by snow deposition and transferred into the lakes during the few weeks of spring thaw. While the dominant deposition pathways were similar, the main processes by which the water column lost pollutants differed between the two lakes. Despite these differences, the mass budget revealed that PCB inputs exceeded outputs for both studied lakes and that the lakes acted as atmospheric PCB sinks for the surrounding mountain environment. The differences in the PCB distribution between the key compartments (sediment and water column) are most likely due to differences in the lacustrine internal processes.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Lateglacial/Holocene environmental changes in the Mediterranean Alps inferred from lacustrine sediments

Author: Emmanuel Malet, Cécile Miramont, Edward J. Anthony, Frédéric Guiter, Elodie Brisset, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Fabien Arnaud, Marie Revel, Claire Delhon, Ecosystèmes continentaux et risques environnementaux (ECCOREV), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Universitaire de France, Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Gestion des ressources naturelles , environnements et sociétés (GReNES), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Archeology, cirque glacier, Lateglacial, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Holocene climatic optimum, Rock glacier, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Paleontology, Deglaciation, Younger Dryas, Glacial period, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Gyttja, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, pollen stratigraphy, Mediterranean Alps, Geology, Glacier, 14C ages, 15. Life on land, Cirque glacier, Lake sediment, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; This study investigates sediment cores from the Mediterranean alpine lakes located in upvalley cirques upper than 1700 metres a.s.l. using sedimentological, palynological and geomorphological studies, in order to document environmental changes following the last phase of glacier retreat. These results are considered in the framework of the deglaciation characterized from 16 sediment cores from high-altitude lakes and mires including 104 14C ages and geomorphological studies of the Mediterranean Alps. Considering each sediment core proxy as an independent observation, i.e., comparisons between 14C ages and palynostratigraphy, between 14C ages and lithostratigraphy, between palynostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy, these data are aimed at contributing to a better understanding of the timing of postglacial environmental changes. The 14C ages combined with pollen biostratigraphy indicate that the deglaciation of cirque catchments is dated between 14,500 and 13,000 cal. BP, i.e., during the Lateglacial Interstadial (Greenland Interstadial-1e). The sixteen lacustrine and mire sediment records are systematically characterized by three units from bottom to top: organic-poor blue clay, beige to light-brown silty clay and organic rich dark brown gyttja lithotype. During the Younger Dryas, lakes located below 2300 m a.s.l. were ice-free and their pollen record indicates steppe conditions. The sedimentary facies also informs on the timing of glacial-dominated processes. The onset of organic-rich gyttja is dated at 11,000 cal. BP suggesting the last influence of cirque glaciers in these lakes at the beginning of the Holocene. The timing of the onset of this organic rich unit differs in sites (±2000 years) probably due to an altitudinal and exposure gradient of the glacial cirques. The presence of gyttja from 11,000 cal. BP to Present indicates biogenic infilling lake for all the Holocene. Even though the literature have indicated rock glacier advances occurred during the Holocene (Subboreal and LIA) in the south of the Alps, no significant sedimentological patterns related to glacier fluctuations are recorded in Lake Vens. The glacier fluctuations in the Mediterranean Alps are concomitant with those dated in the non-Mediterranean Alps, thus suggesting a main common climate forcing. However, the increase in terrigenous sediment inputs since 1800 cal. BP is mainly due to human activities.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. A 4D sedimentological approach to reconstructing the flood frequency and intensity of the Rhoˆne River (Lake Bourget, NW European Alps)

Author: Emmanuel Malet, Fabien Arnaud, Alain Mélo, Bruno Wilhelm, Estelle Ployon, Bernard Fanget, Marie-Elodie Perga, Pierre Sabatier, Jean-Philippe Jenny, C. Giguet Covex, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-08-VUL 005, ANR-07-BLAN-0133], ANR Iper-Retro, Assemblee des Pays de Savoie, Communaute de Commune du Gresivaudan, Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) ITEM, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques des Ecosystèmes limniques, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Human activity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Magnitude (mathematics), Climate change, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sediment distribution, Fluvial discharge, Sedimentology, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, Discharge, Sediment, Flood intensity and frequency, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Period (geology), Levee, Geology
Abstract: International audience; A high-resolution sedimentological study of Lake Bourget was conducted to reconstruct the flood frequency and intensity (or magnitude) in the area over the last 350 years. Particular emphasis was placed on investigating the spatio-temporal distribution of flood deposits in this large lake basin. The thicknesses of deposits resulting from 30 flood events of the Rhoˆne River were collected over a set of 24 short sediment cores. Deposit thicknesses were compared with instrumental data for the Rhoˆne River discharge for the period from 1853 to 2010. The results show that flood frequency and intensity cannot be reliably reconstructed from a single core because of the inhomogeneous flood-deposit geometry in such a large lake. From all documented flood-deposit thicknesses, volumes of sediment brought into the lake during each flood event were computed through a Kriging procedure and compared with the historical instrumental data. The results show, in this study, that reconstructed sediment volumes are well correlated to maximal flood discharges. This significant correlation suggests that the increase of embankment and dam settlements on the Rhoˆne River during the last 150 years has not significantly affected the transport of the smallest sediment fraction during major flood events. Hence, assessment of the flood-sediment volumes deposited in the large Lake Bourget is the only way to reliably reconstruct the flood frequency and intensity.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Atmospheric sources and soil filtering of PAH content in karst seepage waters

Author: Yves Perrette, Emmanuel Naffrechoux, Bernard Fanget, Marine Quiers, Alexandra Durand, Emmanuel Malet, Jérôme Poulenard, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères - Laboratoire des Matériaux Polymères et des Biomatériaux (IMP-LMPB), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Hydrology, Canopy, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stalagmite, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, Karst, Throughfall, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Environmental chemistry, Spring (hydrology), Soil water, Environmental science, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in karst environments has provided an assessment of the vulnerability of karst water and the study of PAH records in stalagmites. The major source of PAHs has generally been considered to be the soil. In this study, we report the quantification of PAHs in the ecosystem compartments of a mountain karst system over a snow-melting period and the spring to summer dry period. PAH profiles in karst seepage waters were consistently similar to those in wet deposits, following the change in PAH profiles between winter and summer periods. However, PAH signatures of atmospheric wet deposits were modulated by a loss of the high molecular weight PAHs, which appear to accumulate in soils. A PAH mass balance was calculated during a summer storm event. This mass balance suggests that dry deposits and canopy throughfall could account for the PAH abundance in karst seepage waters. This study demonstrates the ability of organic hydrophobic compounds to be directly transferred from the atmosphere or canopy into seepage waters, giving new emphasis to the study of PAHs recorded in stalagmites.
Published: 2013

21. Does global warming favour the occurrence of extreme floods in European Alps? First evidences from a NW Alps proglacial lake sediment record

Author: Charline Giguet-Covex, Emmanuel Malet, Dirk Enters, Françoise Allignol, Sidonie Révillon, Olivier Magand, Fabien Arnaud, Bruno Wilhelm, Amaya Legaz, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geopolar, Institute of Geography, University of Bremen, University of Bremen, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Ifremer - Pouzané, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood myth, Global warming, Sediment, Context (language use), Glacier, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Flash flood, Radiometric dating, Precipitation, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Flood hazard is expected to increase in the context of global warming. However, long time-series of climate and gauge data at high-elevation are too sparse to assess reliably the rate of recurrence of such events in mountain areas. Here paleolimnological techniques were used to assess the evolution of frequency and magnitude of flash flood events in the North-western European Alps since the Little Ice Age (LIA). The aim was to document a possible effect of the post-19th century global warming on torrential floods frequency and magnitude. Altogether 56 flood deposits were detected from grain size and geochemical measurements performed on gravity cores taken in the proglacial Lake Blanc (2170 ma.s.l., Belledonne Massif, NW French Alps). The age model relies on radiometric dating (137Cs and 241Am), historic lead contamination and the correlation of major flood- and earthquaketriggered deposits, with recognized occurrences in historical written archives. The resulting flood calendar spans the last ca 270 years (AD 1740-AD 2007). The magnitude of flood events was inferred from the accumulated sediment mass per flood event and compared with reconstructed or homogenized datasets of precipitation, temperature and glacier variations. Whereas the decennial flood frequency seems to be independent of seasonal precipitation, a relationship with summer temperature fluctuations can be observed at decadal timescales. Most of the extreme flood events took place since the beginning of the 20th century with the strongest occurring in 2005. Our record thus suggests climate warming is favouring the occurrence of high magnitude torrential flood events in high-altitude catchments.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. 1400 years of extreme precipitation patterns over the Mediterranean French Alps and possible forcing mechanisms

Author: Edouard Bard, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Pierre Sabatier, Eric Chaumillon, Jean-Louis Reyss, Kazuyo Tachikawa, Bruno Wilhelm, Frédéric Guiter, Jean-Robert Disnar, Elodie Brisset, Fabien Arnaud, Christian Crouzet, Emmanuel Malet, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric circulation, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Solar activity, Drainage basin, Forcing (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Flood intensity, Precipitation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, Paleoflood, 13. Climate action, North Atlantic oscillation, Climatology, Erosion, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Last millennium, North Atlantic Oscillation, Geology
Abstract: Investigation of Lake Allos sediments revealed ~ 160 graded layers, interpreted as flood deposits, over the last 1400 yr. Comparisons with records of historic floods support the interpretation of flood deposits and suggest that most recorded flood events are the result of intense meso-scale precipitation events. As there is no evidence for any major changes in erosion processes in the catchment since the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), we interpret the Allos record in terms of repeated intense precipitation events over the last millennium, with a low flood frequency during the MWP and more frequent and more intense events during the Little Ice Age. This interpretation is consistent with the pattern of increasingly humid conditions in the northwestern Mediterranean region. This long-term trend is superimposed on high frequency oscillations that correlate with solar activity and autumnal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Finally, a comparison of flood records across the northwestern Mediterranean region showed that intense precipitation events in Allos (east of the Rhône Valley) were out of phase with events in the Cévennes (west of the Rhône) but in phase with events in eastern Spain. Supported by meteorological analyses, this suggests an oscillation in atmospheric circulation patterns over the northwestern Mediterranean.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Timing of millet diffusion in the Alps from miliacin occurrence in lake sediments

Author: Pierre Sabatier, Charline Giguet-Covex, Elise Doyen, Jérôme Poulenard, Manon Bajard, Fabien Arnaud, Jérémy Jacob, Bernard Fanget, Emmanuel Malet, Anaëlle Simonneau, Erwan Messager, F. Renaud, David Etienne, C. Le Milbeau, Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), European Association of Organic Geochemists, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Setaria, Millet, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Population, alps, 01 natural sciences, GEOF, Archaeological science, Prehistory, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Bronze Age, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Organic geochemistry, 0601 history and archaeology, education, Domestication, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Panicum miliaceum, 060102 archaeology, biology, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, sediments, 06 humanities and the arts, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies
Abstract: International audience; Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) is considered as staple food for Europeans during prehistory. As a matter of fact, the Bronze Age was called Millet Golden Age by Marinval (1995). This cereal is distinct from those domesticated in the Fertile Crescent since its domestication was probably realised in Central Asia or China, and then its cultivation diffused towards the west thanks to population migrations or trades. The exact timing and routes of this diffusion, although documented by a large number of archaeological findings, remain to be precised. This would provide a more detailed picture of trading routes and migration pathways and pace of exchanges, with eventual relationships to climate changes.We have analysed miliacin, a molecular biomarker of millet (Jacob et al., 2008), in sediments from lakes Ledro (Utaly), Le Bourget, Paladru, Aiguebelette and La Thuile (France) in order to precise the timing of millet diffusion during the Neolithic and Bronze Age. The first occurrence of miliacin in Ledro is dated back to 2400 BC. In Le Bourget, Paladru, Aiguebelette and La Thuile, the date of first miliacin appearance is remarkably synchronous around 1500 BC. Miliacin was also detected at low levels in all older sediments in La Thuile. This could result either from laboratory contamination or from the presence of an alternative miliacin source in the catchment. Indeed miliacin is found in low amounts in several other Poaceae (Bossard et al., 2013). In Aiguebelette, a single sample dated back to the Neolithic (~2300 BC) shows significant miliacin concentrations. Because this date is close to that found in Ledro, it could attest to an early attempt of millet cultivation, but would imply a rapid diffusion from the East.Finally, the evolution of millet concentration in sediments of Le Bourget, La Thuile and Aiguebelette allows us making several assumptions on the development of alpine populations during the Bronze Age, Iron Age and Antiquity in the region, potentially linked to climate changes that affected the region at those times. ReferencesJacob et al., 2008. Millet cultivation history in the French Alps as evidenced by a sedimentary molecule. Journal of Archaeological Science 35, 814–820.Marinval, 1995. Données carpologiques françaises sur les millets (Panicum miliaceum L. et Setaria italica L. Beauc.) de la Protohistoire au Moyen Age. In Hörrandner, E., editor, Millet. Actes du Congrès d'Aizenay (1990). Peter Lang, 31-61.Bossard et al., 2013. Distribution of miliacin (olean-18-en-3β-ol methyl ether) in broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), and other reputed potential sources. Consequences on the use of sedimentary miliacin as a tracer of millet. Organic Geochemistry 63, 48-55.
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Dynamique sédimentaire et effets de site en zone noyée du karst : l'exemple du siphon de Chevaline (Grottes de Choranche, Vercors, France)

Author: Guillaume Devès, Vincent Lignier, Anne-Sophie Perroux, Emmanuel Malet, Matthieu Thomas, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Stéphane Jaillet, Laurent Morel, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aménagement, Développement, Environnement, Santé et Sociétés (ADES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: detrital sediments, cores, subaqueous mapping, hydrology, sump, endokarst, site effect, radionuclides, mineralogy, grain size, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Forestry, General Medicine, précipitation, siphon, hydrologie, cartographie subaquatique, carottages, sédiments détritiques, granulométrie, minéralogie, effet de site, 6. Clean water, Geology
Abstract: Sedimentary dynamics and site effects in flooded karstic environment : the example of Chevaline sump. Downstream of the karst system of Coufin-Chevaline, part of Choranche Caves, the Chevaline sump is a flooded zone forming a sediment trap upstream of the lake of the Cathedral. To study the sediment dynamics and potential site effects of the phreatic endokarstic area, a 234m long gallery was investigated by cave diving. For the first time, a precise geomorphological and sedimentological mapping has been achieved ; sediments and speleothems have also been collected. This flooded part of the network has been equipped with "luirographe" sensors and a flow measurement monitoring system. A sedimentological study, combining mapping analysis, particle sizing, mineralogical and chemical analyse (major elements and radiogenic isotopes) has been conducted to characterize the underground sedimentation in this area. With a very sharp seasonality, alternating between floods and low water periods, the Chevaline sump combines transfers, deposits of detrital sediments and calcite precipitation, in a same place. Sediment sources are both ancient and allochthonous, from the watershed surface, but also recent and autochthonous, coming from the erosion, during floods, of endokarstic travertine precipitated during periods of low water. Distribution and texture of the deposits are strongly induced by gallery geometries and flow variations they imply throughout the flooded area. Although its volume is twice as large as the one of the Lake of the Cathedral, the Chevaline sump traps only part of the sediments. But it exerts a geometrical site effect that separates coarse and fine sequences during flow decline between upstream and downstream and depending on the geometry of the flooded gallery. The localised contribution of carbonates, then eroded in situ, seems to be the cause of a particular grain size signature on CM picture, corresponding to a mineralogical site effect. The nature and variable age of the detrital components of the sediment, a well as the endokarstic context do not seem favourable to the use of short life radionuclides, making it difficult for dating the recent Holocene. The configuration of stepped sediment traps, the successive remobilisation of sediments from upstream to downstream and sediment site effects must be considered and taken into account when studying sedimentary archives, located downstream of a karstic network, for paleoenvironmental studies., A l'aval du système karstique de Coufin-Chevaline dans les grottes de Choranche, le siphon de Chevaline est une zone noyée constituant un piège sédimentaire en amont du lac de la Cathédrale. Afin d'étudier la dynamique sédimentaire et d'éventuels effets de site de la zone noyée endokarstique, une galerie de plus de 200 m de long a été étudiée par plongée souterraine. Une cartographie géomorpho-sédimentologique précise et des prélèvements de sédiments et de concrétions ont été réalisés. Cette partie du réseau a également été équipée de luirographes et d'un système de mesure des débits. Une étude sédimentologique, combinant des analyses cartographiques, granulométriques, minéralogiques et chimiques (éléments majeurs et isotopes radiogéniques) a permis de caractériser la sédimentation souterraine de cette zone noyée. Avec une saisonnalité très marquée, alternant entre période de crues et période d'étiage, le siphon de Chevaline associe transferts, dépôts de sédiments détritiques et précipitations de concrétions phréatiques en un même lieu. Les sources sédimentaires sont à la fois anciennes et allochtones, provenant du bassin versant en surface, mais aussi récentes et autochtones, provenant de l'érosion, lors des crues, des dépôts de travertins endokarstiques précipités durant les périodes d'étiages. La répartition et la texture des dépôts sont fortement conditionnées par la géométrie des galeries et les variations de débits qu'elles entraînent tout au long de la zone noyée. Bien que d'un volume deux fois plus important que celui du lac de la Cathédrale, le siphon de Chevaline ne piège qu'une partie des sédiments, mais exerce un effet de site, un contrôle géométrique qui sépare les séquences grossières des séquences fines de décrue entre l'amont et l'aval et selon les géométries de la galerie noyée. L'apport localisé de carbonates précipités puis érodés in situ semble être à l'origine d'une signature granulométrique particulière en image CM, correspondant à un effet de site minéralogique. La nature et l'âge variable des composantes détritiques du sédiment, ainsi que l'environnement endokarstique ne semblent pas favorables à l'utilisation de radionuclides à courtes périodes, rendant difficile les datations holocènes récentes. La configuration en pièges décanteurs étagés, les remobilisations successives des sédiments de l'amont vers l'aval et les effets de sites sédimentaires localisés en aval d'un système karstique doivent être considérés et pris en compte dans l'étude d'archives sédimentaires à des fins paléoenvironnementales., Lignier Vincent, Jaillet Stéphane, Perroux Anne-Sophie, Thomas Matthieu, Malet Emmanuel, Deves Guillaume, Morel L., Delannoy Jean-Jacques. Dynamique sédimentaire et effets de site en zone noyée du karst : l'exemple du siphon de Chevaline (Grottes de Choranche, Vercors, France). In: Karstologia : revue de karstologie et de spéléologie physique, n°60, 2e semestre 2012. Dynamique sédimentaire dans le siphon de Chevaline. pp. 23-44.

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources

Refine your results

24 results on '"Emmanuel Malet"'

1. Climate change and human lakeside adaptation in the Central Afar Region (Lake Abhe basin, Ethiopia & Djibouti) during the Later Stone Age - Neolithic transition: a multi-scalar and multi-proxy approach

2. Hydro-climatic fluctuations and their impact on Lake Abhe environments (Ethiopia & Djibouti): a lesson from the past 10,000 years

3. Diagenetic formation of uranium-silica polymers in lake sediments over 3,300 years

4. Snow control on active layer thickness in steep alpine rock walls (Aiguille du Midi, 3842ma.s.l., Mont Blanc massif)

5. Pastoralism increased vulnerability of a subalpine catchment to flood hazard through changing soil properties

6. DNA from lake sediments reveals long-term ecosystem changes after a biological invasion

7. Corrigendum to '6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps - Interplay of solar and temperature forcing' [Quaternary Science Reviews 170 (2017) 121–135]

8. Determination of warm, sensitive permafrost areas in near-vertical rockwalls and evaluation of distributed models by electrical resistivity tomography

9. Instrumentation hydrométéorologique spatialisée sur le bassin versant du Vorz (massif de Belledonne)

10. Instrumentation thermique et cinématique des parois à permafrost du massif du Mont Blanc

11. 6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps – Interplay of solar and temperature forcing

12. Seasonal changes of organic matter quality and quantity at the outlet of a forested karst system (La Roche Saint Alban, French Alps)

13. Palaeoflood activity and climate change over the last 1400 years recorded by lake sediments in the north-west European Alps

14. One thousand seven hundred years of interaction between glacial activity and flood frequency in proglacial Lake Muzelle (western French Alps)

15. The overlooked human influence in historic and prehistoric floods in the European Alps

16. Erosion record in Lake La Thuile sediments (Prealps, France): Evidence of montane landscape dynamics throughout the Holocene

17. Mass budget in two high altitude lakes reveals their role as atmospheric PCB sinks

18. Lateglacial/Holocene environmental changes in the Mediterranean Alps inferred from lacustrine sediments

19. A 4D sedimentological approach to reconstructing the flood frequency and intensity of the Rhoˆne River (Lake Bourget, NW European Alps)

20. Atmospheric sources and soil filtering of PAH content in karst seepage waters

21. Does global warming favour the occurrence of extreme floods in European Alps? First evidences from a NW Alps proglacial lake sediment record

22. 1400 years of extreme precipitation patterns over the Mediterranean French Alps and possible forcing mechanisms

23. Timing of millet diffusion in the Alps from miliacin occurrence in lake sediments

24. Dynamique sédimentaire et effets de site en zone noyée du karst : l'exemple du siphon de Chevaline (Grottes de Choranche, Vercors, France)

Catalog

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

24 results on '"Emmanuel Malet"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources