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The objectives of this study are to examine the influence of knowledge sharing and inter-departmental connectedness on exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, and firm’s operational performance; the influence of exploratory and exploitative innovations on firm’s operational performance; and the moderating effect of environmental competitiveness. The data was collected from the banking industry in Bangladesh through a cross-sectional survey of 241 managers and analyzed through structural equation modeling using SmartPLS software. Findings show that knowledge sharing, and inter-departmental connectedness contribute to develop both exploratory and exploitative innovation as well as enhance firm’s operational performance. Moreover, exploratory and exploitative innovation influences a firm’s operational performance. Finally, environmental competitiveness negatively affects the relationship of knowledge sharing and inter-departmental connectedness with operational performance. The findings emphasize the flexible and informal social relations among people in creating effective exploratory and exploitative innovation and enhancing firms’ operational performance. It suggests that knowledge sharing, and inter-departmental connectedness as an informal and flexible coordination mechanism are more important in predicting operational performance if the level of environmental competitiveness is low.

PurposeThis paper examines the predictive role of personality traits on the entrepreneurial bricolage behaviour of female entrepreneurs in a resource-constrained setting.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a structured survey questionnaire from female entrepreneurs owning and operating micro-small firms. The analysis and hypotheses testing were performed adopting SEM-PLS3.0 software.FindingsThe results showed that all dimensions of the Big Five personality traits significantly influence entrepreneurial bricolage. In addition, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and intellect were found to be the most important traits in female entrepreneurs for bricolage behaviour.Practical implicationsThe results can help provide a better understanding of the linkages between entrepreneurial traits and bricolage. Development agencies may take up this result to ensure the appropriate social inclusion by supporting female entrepreneurs.Originality/valueTo the authors' best knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study that has investigated the relationship between personality traits and entrepreneurial bricolage.

This study aims to identify the factors affecting students’ satisfaction with online learning, examine the relationship between satisfaction and continuance usage intention, and explore the direct ...

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the role of the components of intellectual capital (IC) on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Sultanate of Oman. The interrelationships of these components are also examined.Design/methodology/approachThe study used quantitative research methods. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from a sample of 347 respondents from SMEs operating in Oman. Structural equation modeling was employed to examine the hypotheses using partial least square technique.FindingsThe analysis results demonstrate that structural capital, relational capital and spiritual capital have significant relationships with entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Meanwhile, human capital has no relationship with either entrepreneurial opportunity recognition or spiritual capital. Intriguingly, significant interrelationships are observed among IC's components.Practical implicationsThis study offers useful managerial implications for the related parties: firms, public institutions and other stakeholders. The findings could be a guideline for SME managers/owners to recognize the right entrepreneurial opportunity.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the relationships between the tripartite model of IC and entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. This study is also the first to test the interrelationship of spiritual capital on other intellectual components.

PurposeIn the current dynamic environment, technological capabilities and open innovation play vital roles in operational performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Thus, the purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of technological capabilities on open innovation and consequent impact on perceived operational performance of the SMEs in Malaysia by considering the moderating effect of environmental dynamism.Design/methodology/approachThis study is quantitative in nature and used a survey questionnaire to gather responses from 202 SME owners in Malaysia. The data were analyzed with SmartPLS software, as it used structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show that technological capabilities significantly influence open innovation whereas open innovation plays an instrumental role to achieve operational performance of the SMEs. Interestingly, environmental dynamism was found to have a negative moderating role in the relationship between open innovation and perceived operational performance.Practical implicationsThis paper will assist SME managers in making effective decisions while using technological capabilities and open innovation practices. Managers need to be aware of the vital role of technological capabilities to build external and internal collaboration and incorporate their knowledge that is necessary for open innovation practices. The results also assist managers in a way that in the dynamic and competitive environment SMEs should take further proactive actions to compete in the market to survive.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights by dismantling technological capabilities and open innovation to understand further the effects of technological capabilities on open innovation and its consequence on a firm’s operational performance.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of four organizational culture traits, consistency, cooperativeness, effectiveness and innovativeness, on radical and incremental type of service innovations, which leads to new service market performance (NSMP). Design/methodology/approach The data are collected through a cross-sectional survey of 171 bank managers in Bangladesh and analyzed through structural equation modelling using SmartPLS software. Findings The results reveal no impact of “consistency” as a cultural trait on “radical” and “incremental” service innovations. “Cooperativeness” and “innovativeness” impact incremental and radical service innovations positively. “Effectiveness” impacts radical service innovations positively. Radical and incremental service innovations impact NSMP significantly. Practical implications These findings add to the knowledge in terms of how organizational culture can make service innovations happen in the growing banking industry in a developing market. Originality/value The model links organizational culture traits (internal/external and flexibility/control focussed) with radical and incremental service innovation.

The world is now in human palms due to the rapid proliferation of technology e.g. mobile money transferring. Consequently, the information technology has been sensed as a tool for development which...

There are disagreements surrounding the role of government and non-government organizations (NGOs) on the micro-entrepreneurship business success particularly in the developing countries. Thus, thi...

This study examines the relationship between value co-creation process, idea generation and new service development performance from the perspective of telecommunication companies. Two dimensions of idea generation tested in this framework are internal and external idea generation, and the probable relationship between these two dimensions is further investigated. The data were collected from 78 marketing managers and were statistically analyzed. The findings show that value co-creation crucially influences both external idea generation and internal idea generation, however, the new service development performance can be enhanced through internal idea generation. Nonetheless, the results show that the external idea generation is vital to influence internal idea generation. This study extends theoretical understanding of how to leverage the value co-creation process for idea generation happenings, while the practical contribution of the research is to realize that new service development performanc...

Purpose This paper examines the influence of three dimensions of customer knowledge management – knowledge from customer, knowledge for customer and knowledge about customer – on innovation capabilities (speed and quality) and new service market performance. Design/methodology/approach The model links three dimensions of customer knowledge management to two dimensions of innovation capabilities. Further, the model links two dimensions of innovation capabilities to new service market performance. Analysis was conducted through structural equation modelling using SmartPLS software, using data from 253 managers representing 26 banks in Bangladesh. Findings The findings of this study show that knowledge from customer and knowledge for customer are the most influential predictors of new service market performance. Of the three dimensions of customer knowledge management, knowledge from customer turns out to be the strongest predictor of innovation quality and speed. Innovation quality has a greater impact on new service market performance than innovation speed. Innovation capability (quality and speed) plays a mediating role in this study. Practical implications Managing knowledge from, for and about customer should be systematically considered as a synergy approach to firms’ processes and activities to co-create value with customers. In particular, managers should put more emphasis on knowledge from and for customer to enhance innovation capacity and achieve success in the development of a new service. Originality/value This paper empirically supports the significant influence of knowledge from, for and about customer on innovation capabilities (quality and speed) and new service market performance. While the results provide guidance for researchers and practitioners, it also adds value to innovation-related research.

Technology adoption by the marginalized community is indeed an important issue in global poverty reduction. To realize it, this paper contributes by doing an empirical test of the technology acceptance model, amongst those users typically always deprived in the existing social structure. Firstly, the study aims to examine the influence of Technology Readiness Index (TRI) 2.0′s four indicators (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort and insecurity) on bKash entrepreneurs' perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) of bKash technology. Secondly, it aims to investigate the effect of ‘bKash’ entrepreneurs' PEOU and PU on their well-being. A total of 360 usable data were collected from the bKash agents in Bangladesh. We employed SEM-PLS3.0 for data analysis. The results indicate that optimism and innovativeness strongly drive perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Subjective well-being was found to be strongly predicted by perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The study indicates that poor people are somewhat ready to use and accept technology that leads to a sense of well-being. Bringing together the concept of subjective well-being with TRI and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is this paper's contribution to the knowledge domain.

In the multifaceted as well as vibrant telecommunications industry, service innovation management is a relatively new paradigm, which has attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners. Thus, this study embarks on to compare the practices of service innovation management between Malaysia and Bangladesh telecommunications industry. The strategy, process, organization, tool/technology and system (SPOTS) model with 26 indicators was employed to compare the management practices among these two countries. A total of 176 managers (98 from Malaysia and 78 from Bangladesh) participated in this research through survey questionnaires. An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare the 26 indictors on management practices for Malaysian and Bangladesh telecommunications industry. The findings indicated that the management practices were operationalized differently in these two countries. Bangladesh put more emphasis on each of the innovation management practices when compared to Malaysia. It indicates that innovation management is practiced more in the country where the market is in the process of development. The results enable the firms to better compete in an environment which requires innovative changes and global discipline. In fact, the findings provide guidelines for the service sectors in both countries in terms of implementation of innovative enterprises, especially in Bangladesh where innovation is the basis for survival.

Purpose The purpose of the study is to delve the influencing factors of sustainable entrepreneurship among SMEs in Malaysia. The heightened awareness in sustainable development coupled with globalisation has created immense aspiration, enthusiasm and interest in the trajectory of sustainable entrepreneurship. With this set of circumstances, the objective of the study is to explore the possible predictive factors that enhance sustainable entrepreneurship among Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach This study examined the relationships between sustainable entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation, sustainability orientation and entrepreneurial bricolage through the lens of a resource-based view, upper echelons theory and corporate social responsibility. A total of 102 responses from a survey instrument from Malaysian SMEs were analysed using partial least squares-structural equation modelling. Findings The results indicated that the entrepreneurial orientation is associated with the degree of sustainable entrepreneurship, and is mediated by the role and degree of entrepreneurial bricolage. Originality/value This study highlights the importance of sustainable entrepreneurship among SMEs with respect to the heightened societal and environmental awareness among consumers and international regulation concerning environmental protection.

The objective of this study is to reveal required entrepreneurial competencies to achieve financial and non-financial performance of the BoP entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study includes 213 BoP entrepreneurs who signaled that opportunity competencies, commitment competencies and innovative competencies enhance financial and non-financial performance. On the other hand, strategic competencies and analytical competencies were found to be insignificant in this context. The study adds value to academia and policy-making, and to revamp and revitalise entrepreneurship among those who are at the base of the economic pyramid (BoP). Furthermore, this research will guide private and non-government organisations who intend to develop micro-entrepreneurship business through training for developing entrepreneurial abilities of BoP entrepreneurs.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to validate scale measurements of dialogue, access, risk assessment and transparency (DART) constructs, as the process of value-co-creation, and then understand its effect on innovation strategy. Further, the paper explores the influence of innovation strategy on the market performance. Design/methodology/approach – The model links four dimensions of DART as building blocks of value co-creation, to the innovation strategy. Further, the model links innovation strategy to the market performance. In total, five hypotheses are postulated. Testing was conducted through structural equation modeling using PLS-SEM, utilizing data from 249 managers of telecommunication companies in Malaysia. Findings – The result of the analysis revealed dialogue, risk assessment and transparency having a significant positive relationship with innovation strategy. These results signified the importance of value co-creation to formulate an innovation strategy of the firms. The finding of the research shows that innovation strategy has a strong effect on market performance as well. Practical implications – Implementing value co-creation process facilitates companies in formulating an innovation strategy that enhances market performance significantly. Originality/value – The paper validated scale measurement of DART model which adds substantial knowledge and concepts in the areas of value co-creation process. It describes the first empirical research study on the practice of value co-creation and innovation strategy in developing country focusing on telecommunication industry. Further, the model examines the effect of DART dimensions on innovation strategy result in market performance enhancement.

The purpose of this study is to find critical determinants of Malaysian Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) intention to continue website as a business innovation. CEO, organizational, technological, and environmental characteristics are considered as cohesive significant predictors. Further, it is aimed to examine the influence of existing level of web adoption as a moderator in small to medium firm website continuance intention. A total number of 108 SMEs participated in this research. The website continuance intention was found to be depended on CEO's innovativeness, CEO's IT attitude, relative advantage, and cost in Malaysian SMEs. Surprisingly, CEO IT knowledge, firm's size, employee IS knowledge, compatibility, security, external pressure and support do not play any role on the continuance of website adoption. In addition, the moderator effect of web adoption level is revealed to have an insignificant role in this study. Understanding the influential factors of websites continuance intention would help the government to devise appropriate policies and support programmes on promoting information technology (IT) acceptance and extension among the SMEs. Likewise website owner or solution provider can gain considerable value from a better insight into key determinants of businesses website retention intention.

Sustainability is an issue that has a profound effect on large companies and also among SMEs. The research framework for this study is built upon this triple bottom line agenda. The study integrates individual factors that consist of sustainable orientation, organisational factors that consist of intellectual capital (human, structural and relational capital) and institutional factors (government support and social norms) as the antecedents of sustainable entrepreneurship practices. Sustainable performance of SMEs is treated as the dependent variable in this research. A total of 203 responses were obtained and analyses were carried out using Smart-PLS software. The results show that five out of eight hypotheses were accepted. The result indicates that Malaysian SMEs entrepreneurs are clearly aware and understand the importance of sustainability concepts in their business performance. In addition, this study aims to provide insight and knowledge for designing policies and promote sustainable practices in Malaysian manufacturing SMEs.

Adoption of green practices within an organisation can take many different forms, through developing green practices and processes as its core competences and subsequently promoting a green corporate image. This study aims to examine the predictors of green entrepreneurship image and the mediating effect of green innovation on green organisational identity, green core competences and green entrepreneurship image of Malaysian manufacturing SMEs. This empirical study was conducted using a structured instrument, analysed by the Partial Least Square (PLS) technique. The results show that green organisational identity and green core competences significantly enhance the firms' green entrepreneurship image and that green process innovation performance underpins green entrepreneurship image. This study also offers practitioners a guide on what kind of green practice they need to adopt, which can bring advantages to them. It highlights the importance of engaging in green innovation as a differentiation strategy to promote a sustainable agenda within SME sectors.

Nowadays competition among company to the company very serves, but most of the companies present nearly the same product or service with their competitors. To comprehend from competitors a firm need or offer superior services. Customer satisfaction is now one of the important key factors in the business sector. When it comes to banking sector customer satisfaction level is differentiated to one bank to another, thus measuring customer satisfaction is awfully important. without satisfied customers, the bank cannot exist. This work focus on the customer satisfaction in the retail bank on city bank limited. This research is conducted to affirm customer expectation on retail banking, which is decisive for the growth of the company.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to reveal the significant consumption values of consumers that drive them towards online purchasing. The study conceptualised and analysed a consumption value model as a predictor for intention to purchase online in the context of Malaysian school leavers familiar with the internet. Design/methodology/approach – In order to achieve its aim, this study carried out empirical research using a structured questionnaire sent to the potential respondents. In addition, the data were analysed using the structural equation modelling technique. Findings – The result of the study indicates that functional and emotional values have a strong relationship and predict online purchasing intention. However, social, epistemic, and conditional values do not predict intentions to purchase online. Originality/value – The result will increase the understanding of owners and managers of e-commerce businesses and help them to formulate their business strategies in order to retain users and attract new ones. Furthermore, the study will also enable e-commerce stakeholders to offer products/services to consumers in order to enhance e-commerce activities. Objetivo – O objetivo deste estudo é revelar os valores significativos de consumo dos consumidores que os direcionam para compras online. O estudo conceituou e analisou um modelo de valor de consumo como indicador da intenção de comprar online no contexto de alunos que deixam a escola na Malásia e estão familiarizados com a internet. Metodologia – Para atingir seu objetivo, este estudo realizou uma pesquisa empírica utilizando um questionário estruturado enviado aos potenciais entrevistados. Além disso, os dados foram analisados utilizando a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados – O resultado do estudo indica que os valores funcionais e emocionais têm uma forte relação com e preveem a intenção de compra online. Valores sociais, epistêmicos e condicionais, no entanto, não preveem intenções de compra online. Contribuições – O resultado aumentará a compreensão dos proprietários e gestores de empresas de comércio eletrônico e os ajudará a formular suas estratégias de negócios para reter e atrair usuários. Além disso, o estudo também permitirá que os atores do comércio eletrônico ofereçam produtos/serviços aos consumidores para melhorar as atividades desse tipo de comércio. Objetivo – O objetivo deste estudo é revelar os valores significativos de consumo dos consumidores que os direcionam para compras online. O estudo conceituou e analisou um modelo de valor de consumo como indicador da intenção de comprar online no contexto de alunos que deixam a escola na Malásia e estão familiarizados com a internet. Metodologia – Para atingir seu objetivo, este estudo realizou uma pesquisa empírica utilizando um questionário estruturado enviado aos potenciais entrevistados. Além disso, os dados foram analisados utilizando a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados – O resultado do estudo indica que os valores funcionais e emocionais têm uma forte relação com e preveem a intenção de compra online. Valores sociais, epistêmicos e condicionais, no entanto, não preveem intenções de compra online. Contribuições – O resultado aumentará a compreensão dos proprietários e gestores de empresas de comércio eletrônico e os ajudará a formular suas estratégias de negócios para reter e atrair usuários. Além disso, o estudo também permitirá que os atores do comércio eletrônico ofereçam produtos/serviços aos consumidores para melhorar as atividades desse tipo de comércio.

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with Index Modulation (OFDM-IM) has been utilized to transmit extra bits by indexing subcarriers using the ON-OFF keying modulation. In this paper, the performance of the OFDM-IM system is studied in terms of bit error probability, over a composite Nakagami-m Gamma (NG) shadowed fading channel. The closed form expressions of approximate and exact average BEP (ABEP) of M-ary QAM modulation and pairwise error probability (PEP) are derived for OFDM-IM over the aforementioned channel. The theoretical results are compared with existing research studies and verified using simulation.

This study examines the relationship between base of the pyramid (BoP) entrepreneurship success and wellbeing. The major contention is that the success of the BoP entrepreneurs is influenced by information and training support provided by large private organizations. A total of 134 BoP entrepreneurs, who run community information centres in remote areas of Bangladesh with the support of a leading private telecommunications company, participated in this research. The result revealed that support from a large private organization is important to ensure business success, and that this subsequently enhances the wellbeing of BoP entrepreneurs. Not only has this study empirically confirmed that assistance provided by large private organizations to BoP entrepreneurs influences business success, assistance also enhances the wellbeing of this vulnerable group and thus facilitate to reduce poverty within the local community. This study therefore can be a guideline for large private organizations that are willing to carry out pragmatic corporate social initiatives.

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

Innovation requires an innovation mind-set derived from behavioural aspects of individuals. To realize such a notion, this paper introduces a framework and integrated theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in the line with the exploratory and exploitative innovations. Attitudes towards innovation, subjective norms for innovation and perceived control over innovation can influence on exploratory and exploitative innovations in SMEs. It is believed that through exploratory and exploitative innovations, entrepreneurs in SMEs may achieve subjective wellbeing. The approach of applying the TPB to exploratory and exploitative innovations will have few implications. First it allows SMEs to understand which factors are important in doing exploratory and exploitative innovations. Second, it will indicate that doing exploratory and exploitative innovations can bring the feeling of perceived wellbeing among entrepreneurs. Finally, the framework identifies a number of areas for future research that can verify the comprehensive understanding of successful innovations.

Going green has created significant enthusiasm across the society. However, green entrepreneurial intention is still at evolving stage. The main objective of this study is to reveal the association of entrepreneurial event theory and cultural values theory with the green entrepreneurial intention. Cross sectional survey was conducted through structured questionnaire among the university students. Partial least squares method has been adopted using the SmartPLS 3.0 software for analysing the data from 835 respondents. The findings of the results revealed that perceived desirability, perceived feasibility, opportunity seeking, and reasonability taking plays significant role for green entrepreneurial intention. The result of the study will provide the governments to explore opportunities for the green entrepreneurial ventures among universities. Universities may offer customised academic courses, or training program to trigger the green business initiative among the students. Students will be benefited to learn the essentials of green entrepreneurial intention from this research.

This study attempts to validate the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model to study mobile money services adoption among Malaysian consumers. A total of 200 usable questionnaires were secured using a structured questionnaire. We used the second-generation analysis of partial least square (PLS) using SmartPLS to test the hypotheses developed for this study. The analysis showed that perceived ease of use, perceived risk and convenience are the major predictors of the attitude of mobile money service adoption. This empirical study adds value in validating the TPB model in a new setting. The managers of service providers may use this model to design and develop secure, convenient and easy-to-use mobile money services which can result in effective marketing strategies that would encourage consumers to use such services.