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RESUMO Avaliaram-se diferentes momentos de aplicação da gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) em protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) para vacas de leite. Foram utilizadas 76 fêmeas, as quais receberam, no dia zero (D0) do protocolo, dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona, sendo esses retirados no D9, e os animais foram, então, distribuídos aleatoriamente em três tratamentos: T1 - aplicação de eCG no momento da retirada dos dispositivos; T2 e T3 - aplicação de eCG 48h e 24h antes da retirada dos dispositivos, respectivamente. No D10 os animais receberam 1mg de GnRH, e a IATF foi realizada 52 horas após a retirada do implante. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) para intervalo entre a retirada do implante à ovulação (72,56±3,92h), o diâmetro do maior folículo no D9 (10,88±1,49mm), o diâmetro do folículo ovulatório (15,15±1,16mm) e do segundo maior folículo (7,49±0,52mm), a taxa de crescimento folicular (1,38±0,04mm/dia), a taxa de ovulação (96,67%), o intervalo entre diâmetro final e inicial do folículo dominante (73,49±3,84h), a área de corpo lúteo (2,27±0,43cm²), a porcentagem de CL no ovário direito (53,00%) e no esquerdo (26,33%) e a taxa de gestação (33,33%). O momento da aplicação da eCG não influenciou na eficiência do protocolo. Recomenda-se a utilização da eCG no momento da retirada do implante por otimização do manejo.

RESUMO Avaliou-se a correlação entre estruturas fetais e extrafetais com a predição do dia antes do parto (DAP) em raças de cães miniaturas. Para isso, realizou-se um experimento, utilizando-se 12 cadelas, com peso corporal entre 3,0kg e 5,0kg, sendo seis da raça Chihuahua, duas da raça Shih-Tzu, duas da raça Spitz Alemão e duas da raça Yorkshire. Foram mensurados, por meio da ultrassonografia, diâmetro biparietal (DBP), diâmetro torácico (DTX), diâmetro abdominal (DAB), comprimento craniocaudal (CCC), diâmetro da cavidade coriônica interna (DCI) e espessura da placenta (EP), a partir do 15º dia após a última monta. Foram estudadas as correlações simples e a significância dos coeficientes de regressão linear simples e o coeficiente de determinação (R), com nível de significância estabelecido em P

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of delivering reduced doses of hormones via the Bai Hui acupoint in estrus synchronization in goats. A total of 40 goats received intravaginal sponges with medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days. The goats were then randomly distributed into 5 treatment: T1 - application of 132.5 ?g of cloprostenol and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), both by intramuscular injection (IM); T2 - application of 39.75 ?g cloprostenol at the Bai Hui acupoint, and 300 IU of eCG by IM; T3 - application of 132.5 ?g of cloprostenol by IM, and 90 IU of eCG at the Bai Hui acupoint; T4 - application of 39.75?g of cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, both in Bai Hui and T5 acupuncture: application of 39.75?g of cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, both applied in false acupoint. The goats were subjected to an estrus synchronization protocol and monitored for estrus detection, coverage and evaluation of reproductive parameters to detect entry into estrus. The data were subjected to normality tests, followed by appropriate statistical analyses of each variable. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the percentage of animals in estrus (95.00 ± 11.18%), interval between sponge removal and beginning of estrus (49.72 ± 8.93 h), interval between sponge removal and end of estrus (76.84 ± 11.98 h), duration of estrus (27.08 ± 8.68 h), size of the largest follicle (6.82 ± 0.44 mm), interval between sponge removal and ovulation (78.28 ± 10.82 h), time from ovarian onset to estrus (28.52 ± 5.44 h), follicular growth rate (0.86 ± 0.29 mm/day), number of ovulations (1.32 ± 0.23), plasma progesterone concentration at 7 days after ovulation (10.28 ± 1.65 ng.mL-1), and gestation rate at 30 days after the beginning of estrus (75 ± 12.5%). However, the cost of the synchronization protocol per animal was 43.42% lower in treatments 4 and 5 (30% of the doses) than in treatment 1 (100% of the dose). Ovulation and estrus were efficiently synchronized with the use of 39.75 ?g of sodium cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, applied at the Bai Hui acupoint or at a false acupoint. O objetivo com o estudo foi avaliar a utilização de subdoses hormonais aplicadas no acuponto Bai Hui em protocolos de sincronização de estro em cabras. Foram utilizadas 40 cabras, as quais receberam esponjas intravaginais com acetato de medroxiprogesterona durante 7 dias, quando foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em 5 tratamentos: T1: aplicação de 132,5?g de cloprostenol e 300UI de eCG, ambos por via intramuscular (IM); T2: aplicação de 39,75?g de cloprostenol no acuponto Bai Hui e 300UI de eCG IM; T3: aplicação de 132,5?g de cloprostenol IM e 90UI de eCG no acuponto Bai Hui; T4: aplicação de 39,75?g de cloprostenol e 90UI de eCG, ambos no acuponto Bai Hui e T5: aplicação de 39,75?g de cloprostenol e 90UI de eCG, ambos aplicados em falso acuponto. As cabras foram submetidas à protocolo de sincronização de estro e monitoradas para detecção de estro, realização das coberturas e avaliação dos parâmetros reprodutivos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de normalidade, seguido dos testes estatísticos adequados para cada variável. Não obteve-se diferença (p > 0,05) para porcentagem de animais em estro (95,00 ± 11,18%), intervalo da retirada da esponja ao início do estro (49,72 ± 8,93h), intervalo da retirada da esponja ao final do estro (76,84 ± 11,98h), duração do estro (27,08 ± 8,68h), tamanho do maior folículo (6,82 ± 0,44mm), intervalo da retirada da esponja à ovulação (78,28 ± 10,82h), intervalo do início do estro à ovulação (28,52 ± 5,44h), taxa de crescimento folicular (0,86 ± 0,29mm/dia), número de ovulações (1,32 ± 0,23), concentração de progesterona plasmática aos 7 dias após ovulação (10,28 ± 1,65ng.mL-1) e para taxa de gestação aos 30 dias (75 ± 12,5%). Porém, o custo do protocolo de sincronização por animal foi 43,42% menor para os tratamentos T4 e T5 (30% da dose) comparado com o T1 (100% da dose). A ovulação e o estro foram eficientemente sincronizados com a utilização de 39,75?g de cloprostenol sódico e 90UI de eCG, aplicados no acuponto Bai Hui ou em falso acuponto.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:53:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Background: The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant neoplasm of hepatocytes of rare occurrence in farm animals, with ruminants being the most affected species. This neoplasm is characterized by nonspecific symptoms and it is etiology in animals has not yet been fully elucidated, although aflatoxin has been shown to be a risk factor in the development this neoplasia. Since hepatic tumors in cattle are commonly incidental findings found in postmortem examination, the objective of this paper is to describe the clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in a cow with this neoplasm. Case: A 5-year-old, adult, Girolando cow weighing 350 kg was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil, with a history of decreased appetite and weakness for one month. The animal was raised in a semi-intensive system, with a corn-based diet, and regular vaccination. Futhermore, was not treated at the farm of origin and three days before being admitted to the hospital, began to present edema of the dewlap. On examination at our center, the cow was in lean, active, with mucupurulent secretion in nostrils; ocular conjunctiva edema; and edema of the dewlap. The cow had neutrophilia, hypofibrinogemia, hypoproteinemia, and trombocytopenia. It also had tachycardia, tense abdomen, engorgement of the vessels of the face and jugular veins, stasis test and bilaterally positive jugular pulse. Although evidence of pain in reticulum was negative in the examination, the initial diagnostic suspicion established was of traumatic reticular pericarditis. The therapeutic protocol instituted was daily monitoring, flunixin meglumine and flofernicol. The examination of rectal palpation revealed in the right flank an irregular-sized parenchymal structure with enlarged and palpacion in pain. Thus, by location and texture, it was suspected that the structure in question was a liver or kidney. However, the dosage of creatinine ruled out renal damage, and persistent hypoproteinemia reinforced the suspicion of hepatic impairment. In view the deterioration of the clinical condition and the suspicion of hepatic impairment, such as hepatic insufficiency, hepatitis or hepatic abscess, we opted for a right exploratory laparotomy. The surgery confirmed the presence of various granulomas throughout the liver, a non-luster organ, bulging edges with erosions and deposition of fibrin on the surface, confirming liver dysfunction. However, the animal died during the surgical procedure, and necropsy was performed, evidencing a focally extensive mass and multiple nodules of various sizes in the liver, lymph nodes and lung. In the microscopy of these nodules, cells similar to hepatocytes were observed, arranged in the form of strands or in agglomerates. Thus, similar to the reports in the literature, the diagnosis of HCC was carried out postmortem by necropsy and histopathology. Discussion: The diagnosis of HCC was based on clinical, laboratory and anatomopathological findings. The hypoproteinemia and persistent hypofibrinogenemia suggest a hepatic dysfunction that was confirmed on surgery and histopathology. Primary liver tumors, although rare in production animals, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of weight loss, weakness and edema in cattle. It was not possible to determine the etiology of the neoplasia in this case, however, the possibility of aflatoxicosis by corn should not be ruled out as a probable inducer, since corn was a constituent of the diet provided to the animal. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa s/n. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB) Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa s/n.

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy of sexing and fetal number estimation in small ruminants by ultrasonographic examination. Fifty fetuses from 36 sheep and 23 fetuses from 11 goats were evaluated. In the case of sheep, twenty-four, ten, and two pregnancy were single, double, and triple, respectively. Regarding the goats, three, five, two, and one simple pregnancy were single, double, triple, and quadruple, respectively. The evaluations were performed on days 55 and 65 of gestation, by means of transrectal ultrasonographic examination, using a dual-frequency linear transducer, (6.0 and 8.0 MHz). Fetal sex was diagnosed by the location of the genital tubercle or visualization of external genitalia. The accuracy of fetal sexing was evaluated using the Chi-square test (X2) considering a 5% significance level. The gestational period interfered in the accuracy of fetal sexing in both species (P 0.05). Thus, B-mode ultrasonography is an efficient method to perform an early diagnosis of fetal sex and to determine the number of fetuses in the studied small ruminants on day 65 of gestation. In addition, the accuracy of fetal sexing is not influenced by the type of pregnancy or fetal sex.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-05T06:21:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Eighteen semen samples from nine Santa Ines rams were cryopreserved in order to study the cryoprotective capacity of dimethylacetamide (DMA) at two concentrations (3% and 6%), and its interaction with trehalose (TRE, 100 mOsmol). A further objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo fertility of ram semen cryopreserved with dimethylacetamide. The control treatment was an extender medium with 6% glycerol (GLY). Five treatments were examined: 6% GLY, 3% DMA, 6% DMA, 3% DMA + TRE, and 6% DMA + TRE. After thawing, the kinetic sperm parameters were analyzed using a computerized system. Sperm viability was observed using a multiple parameter sperm staining with propidium iodide (for plasmatic membrane integrity), JC-1 (for mitochondrial membrane potential), and FITC-PSA (for acrosomal integrity). The isosmotic extender with GLY was the most effective medium for the maintenance of sperm characteristics, compared to extenders containing DMA as cryoprotectant. Regarding fertility, the extender medium with 3% DMA may be a safe alternative for sperm cryopreservation, and does not compromise the fertility rates. The addition of TRE decreased the kinetic sperm parameters; however, a positive effect on the integrity of the plasmatic and acrosomal membranes was observed. Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Vet & Anim Sci Med, Ave Adhemar de Barros 500, BR-40170110 Salvador, BA, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Anim Sci, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, Anim Reprod Biotechnol Lab, Ave Beira Mar 3250, BR-49025040 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Anim Sci, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immuno-sterilizing action of anti-gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (anti-GnRH) vaccine in goats. Eighteen male goats were randomly distributed to receive three treatments: T1 (control) - whole animals, and T2 and T3 - application of 0.5 and 1.0 mL of anti-GnRH vaccine, respectively, with six replicates and one goat per experimental unit. Vaccine was administered at 8 months of age and 30 days after the first immunization. Testicular biometry was evaluated monthly, along with seminal collections, for the physical and morphological evaluation of semen. At the time of slaughter, the testicle were collected, and fragments were measured and removed for histological evaluation. The data were evaluated for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by appropriate statistical tests for each variable. A reduction in width and length of the right and left testicles was observed and, consequently, the scrotal circumference of the immunized animals reduced after the second vaccine application (P 0.05). Thirty-days after the first vaccine application, there was a negative effect on seminal production and quality; and 60 days after the second application, a pronounced reduction was observed in all seminal parameters in the vaccinated animals, including azoospermia (83.33% of animals; P 0.05). Vaccine application reduced testicular weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, and gonadosomatic and tubulosomatic index (P 0.05), but did not influence the proportion of testicular parenchyma components (P 0.05). Two applications of the anti-GnRH conjugate are effective for the immunological castration of goats, and the 0.5 mL dose is recommended for use in crossbred goats.