1. Epigenetics and Bacterial infections
- Author
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Melanie Hamon, Hélène Bierne, Pascale Cossart, Interactions Bactéries-Cellules (UIBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur, INRA, INSERM, French Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer [LNCC RS10/75-76 Bierne], European Research Council (ERC) [233348], French National Research Agency (ANR) [EPILIS], Fondation Louis Jeantet, Fondation Le Roch les Mousquetaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
Epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis ,RNA, Untranslated ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,NF-KAPPA-B ,Gene Expression ,MESH: Ankyrin Repeat ,E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASES ,GASTRIC EPITHELIAL-CELLS ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,MESH: RNA, Untranslated ,Histones ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH: DNA Methylation ,Neoplasms ,HELICOBACTER-PYLORI-INFECTION ,MESH: Neoplasms ,TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ,MESH: Epigenesis, Genetic ,RNA-Directed DNA Methylation ,MESH: Sepsis ,MESH: Bacterial Proteins ,Epigenomics ,GENE-EXPRESSION ,Genetics ,MESH: Histones ,0303 health sciences ,Bacterial Infections ,Chromatin ,Ankyrin Repeat ,Nucleosomes ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,DNA methylation ,Perspectives ,MESH: Gene Expression ,MESH: Bacterial Infections ,RNA Splicing ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,MESH: Chromatin ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epigenetics of physical exercise ,Bacterial Proteins ,MESH: Nucleosomes ,Sepsis ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,030304 developmental biology ,MESH: Humans ,INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ,TUBERCULOSIS 19-KDA LIPOPROTEIN ,Epigenome ,DNA Methylation ,ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION ,MESH: RNA Splicing ,HISTONE MODIFICATIONS - Abstract
International audience; Epigenetic mechanisms regulate expression of the genome to generate various cell types during development or orchestrate cellular responses to external stimuli. Recent studies highlight that bacteria can affect the chromatin structure and transcriptional program of host cells by influencing diverse epigenetic factors (i.e., histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin-associated complexes, noncoding RNAs, and RNA splicing factors). In this article, we first review the molecular bases of the epigenetic language and then describe the current state of research regarding how bacteria can alter epigenetic marks and machineries. Bacterial-induced epigenetic deregulations may affect host cell function either to promote host defense or to allow pathogen persistence. Thus, pathogenic bacteria can be considered as potential epimutagens able to reshape the epigenome. Their effects might generate specific, long-lasting imprints on host cells, leading to a memory of infection that influences immunity and might be at the origin of unexplained diseases.
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