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1. Blood Metal Levels and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk: A Prospective Cohort

Author

Broberg, Karin E., Kippler, Maria J., Veldink, Jan Herman, Van Den Berg, Leonard H., Middleton, Lefkos T., Travis, Ruth C., Bergmann, Manuela M., Mancini, Francesca Romana, Katzke, Verena Andrea, Agudo, Antonio T., Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel A., Trichopoulou, Antonia D., Vermeulen, Roel C.H., Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth, Bergmann, Manuela, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús‐humberto, Rodríguez‐barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vermeulen, Roel, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943 Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs Cancer Research UK, CRUK Wellcome Trust, WT German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ Department of Health, Australian Government Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Kræftens Bekæmpelse, DCS Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII: C03/09 Stichting Diabetes Onderzoek Nederland British Heart Foundation, BHF Norges Forskningsråd QLK4CT199900927 Stroke Association European Commission, EC Deutsche Krebshilfe World Cancer Research Fund, WCRF Kreftforeningen, NCS Medical Research Council, MRC, The EPIC study is funded by a number of grants, however, no funding source had any role in the preparation of this article. The EPIC study was funded by the Europe against Cancer program of the European Commission (SANCO), Italian Association for Research on Cancer, and Italian National Research Council. In addition, the authors thank the following for their financial support: the Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition, and Individual Susceptibility Network of Excellence, operating within the European Union Sixth Framework Program, Priority 5: Food Quality and Safety (FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943), European Community Fifth Framework Program (grant QLK4CT199900927), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP (C03/09), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia, and Navarra, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports, Netherlands Cancer Registry, LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Zorg Onderzoek Nederland, World Cancer Research Fund, Statistics Netherlands, Swedish Cancer, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne and Västerbotten, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, Research Council of Norway, French League against Cancer, INSERM, Mutuelle Generale l'Education National, and IGR. The EPIC‐Norfolk study (DOI 10.22025/2019.10.105.00004) has received funding from the Medical Research Council (MR/N003284/1 and MC‐UU_12015/1) and Cancer Research UK (C864/A14136)., and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Neurology, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, LEAD-EXPOSURE, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Research Articles, POPULATION, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Neurosciences, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Retrospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Environmental exposure, Environmental Exposure, Mercury, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Cohort, Population study, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), SMOKING, 1109 Neurosciences, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Cohort study
Abstract

International audience; Objective: Metals have been suggested as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but only retrospective studies are available to date. We compared metal levels in prospectively collected blood samples from ALS patients and controls, to explore whether metals are associated with ALS mortality. Methods: A nested ALS case–control study was conducted within the prospective EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Cases were identified through death certificates. We analyzed metal levels in erythrocyte samples obtained at recruitment, as a biomarker for metal exposure from any source. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, selenium, and zinc concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. To estimate ALS risk, we applied conditional logistic regression models. Results: The study population comprised 107 cases (65% female) and 319 controls matched for age, sex, and study center. Median time between blood collection and ALS death was 8 years (range = 1–15). Comparing the highest with the lowest tertile, cadmium (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–3.87) and lead (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 0.97–3.67) concentrations suggest associations with increased ALS risk. Zinc was associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27–0.94). Associations for cadmium and lead remained when limiting analyses to noncurrent smokers. Interpretation: This is the first study to compare metal levels before disease onset, minimizing reverse causation. The observed associations suggest that cadmium, lead, and zinc may play a role in ALS etiology. Cadmium and lead possibly act as intermediates on the pathway from smoking to ALS. ANN NEUROL 20209999:n/a–n/a.

Published
2021

2. Platelet function/reactivity testing and prediction of risk of recurrent vascular events and outcomes after TIA or ischaemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Calin I. Prodan, Joan Montaner, Israel Fernandez-Cadenas, Dominick J. H. McCabe, Soon Tjin Lim, Bo Norrving, Lars Marquardt, Philip A. Barber, David J. Werring, Su-Yin Lim, Philip M.W. Bath, Peter J. Kelly, Jesse Dawson, Gary A. Ford, Stephen J.X. Murphy, Dermot Cox, Vincent Thijs, Chika Offiah, Lina Zgaga, Richard J. Perry, The Meath Foundation, Irish Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Novartis, Neurology Research Foundation, Irish Heart Foundation, Biogen, Trinity College Dublin, Bayer Healthcare, Verum Diagnostica, SINNOWA Medical Science & Technology, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (Australia), Victoria State Government, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Research Board (Ireland), Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Stroke Association (UK), British Heart Foundation, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds, Amgen, Pfizer, DiaMedica Therapeutics, Moleac, Nestlé, Sanofi, and Phagenesis

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Transient ischaemic attack, Cochrane Library, Brain Ischemia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Ischaemic stroke, Neuroradiology, Ischemic Stroke, Aspirin, business.industry, medicine.disease, Clopidogrel, Platelet function/on-treatment platelet reactivity, Stroke, Regimen, Meta-analysis, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Systematic review, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, medicine.drug
Abstract

[Background] The prevalence of ex vivo ‘high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR)’ and its relationship with recurrent vascular events/outcomes in patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is unclear., [Methods] A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for completed manuscripts until May 2019 on TIA/ischaemic stroke patients, ≥ 18 years, treated with commonly-prescribed antiplatelet therapy, who had platelet function/reactivity testing and prospective follow-up data on recurrent stroke/TIA, myocardial infarction, vascular death or other cerebrovascular outcomes. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Primary outcome was the composite risk of recurrent stroke/TIA, myocardial infarction or vascular death. Secondary outcomes were recurrent stroke/TIA, severe stroke (NIHSS > 16) or disability/impairment (modified Rankin scale ≥ 3) during follow-up., [Results] Antiplatelet–HTPR prevalence was 3–65% with aspirin, 8–56% with clopidogrel and 1.8–35% with aspirin–clopidogrel therapy. Twenty studies (4989 patients) were included in our meta-analysis. There was a higher risk of the composite primary outcome (OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.90–4.51) and recurrent ischaemic stroke/TIA (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.51–3.91) in patients with vs. those without ‘antiplatelet–HTPR’ on any antiplatelet regimen. These risks were also more than twofold higher in patients with vs. those without ‘aspirin–HTPR’ and ‘dual antiplatelet–HTPR’, respectively. Clopidogrel–HTPR status did not significantly predict outcomes, but the number of eligible studies was small. The risk of severe stroke was higher in those with vs. without antiplatelet–HTPR (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.00–7.01)., [Discussion] Antiplatelet–HTPR may predict risks of recurrent vascular events/outcomes in CVD patients. Given the heterogeneity between studies, further prospective, multi-centre studies are warranted., Dr. Lim’s research was funded by The Meath Foundation, The Irish Institute of Clinical Neuroscience/Novartis Ireland Fellowship Grant, The Vascular Neurology Research Foundation Ireland, the Irish Heart Foundation Stroke Prevention Bursary programme, and by an unrestricted educational grant from Biogen Idec, Ireland. Dr. Murphy’s research was funded by the Trinity College Dublin Innovation Bursary, The Meath Foundation, Joint Irish Institute of Clinical Neuroscience/Merck Serono Fellowship in Neuroscience Grant, The Vascular Neurology Research Foundation Ireland, and by an unrestricted educational grant from Bayer HealthCare, Ireland and Verum Diagnostica, GmbH. Dr Offiah’s Research is funded by The Meath Foundation and The Vascular Neurology Research Foundation Ireland and by an unrestricted educational grant from SINNOWA Medical Science & Technology Co., China. Prof Thijs’ research is supported by The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, which acknowledges support from the Victorian Government and funding from an Operational Infrastructure Support Grant. Prof Prodan’s research is supported by a United States Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award (1I01CX000340). Prof Kelly is supported by grants from the Health Research Board Ireland. Prof Barber is supported by grants from the Canadian Institute of Health Research and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. Prof Werring receives research support from the Stroke Association and the British Heart Foundation. Prof Thijs has received personal fees for lectures and consulting fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS/Pfizer and Amgen. Prof. Bath is a Stroke Association Professor of Stroke Medicine and NIHR Senior Investigator, a non-executive Director of ‘Platelet Solutions Ltd.®, and owns 3 shares; he has received personal fees for consulting from DiaMedica, Moleac, Nestle, Sanofi and Phagenesis. Prof Werring has received honoraria for consulting and lectures from Bayer and Portola, and for consulting from Alnylam.

Published
2020

3. Selenium and prostate cancer: analysis of individual participant data from fifteen prospective studies

Author

Pilar Galan, Markku Heliövaara, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Naomi E. Allen, Meir J. Stampfer, Laurence N. Kolonel, Marc Gunter, Serge Hercberg, Elizabeth A. Platz, Jeannette M. Schenk, Demetrius Albanes, Mélanie Deschasaux, Piet A. van den Brandt, Mathilde Touvier, E. Jeffrey Metter, Mary E. Reid, Ruth C. Travis, Matt J. Barnett, Paul N. Appleby, Valeria Pala, Anja Olsen, Amanda Black, Brian E. Henderson, Christina Lasheras, Gary E. Goodman, Timothy J. Key, Jakob Linseisen, Antonia Trichopoulou, Paul Knekt, Kathy J. Helzlsouer, Marian L. Neuhouser, Harri Rissanen, Pär Stattin, Phyllis J. Goodman, Catherine M. Tangen, Nuffield Department of Population Health - Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford [Oxford], Nuffield Department of Population Health - Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health - Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] (FHCRC), Faculty of Medicine - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, School of Public Health - Departmen of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), SWOG Southwest Oncology Group, School of Public Health - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Prevention and Research Center, Mercy Medical Center, Keck School of Med,icine - Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Faculty of Medicine - Department of Functional Biology, Universidad de Oviedo, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Health Science Center - Department of Neurology - Intramural Research Program - National Institute of AgingUSA, University of Tennessee System, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Department of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI), Cancer Prevention Program, Brigham and Women's Institute - Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Department of Surgery and Perioperative Sciences - Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Department of Biostatistics [Oslo], Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Hellenic Health Foundation, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology - Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Cancer Research UK [C570/A11691, C8221/A19170], National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Prostate Spore Grant [CA58236], US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health [U01 CA63673, P01 CA 33619, R37 CA 54281, RO1 CA49764, CA37429, CA42182, CA58684, CA57374, CA94028, CA55075], Clinical Nutrition Research Unit [P30 DK35816], Department of Defense [DAMD1-94-J-4265], Europe Against Cancer Programme of the European Commission, German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Centros de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Barcelona, Spain, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association (UK), British Heart Foundation, Department of Health (UK), Food Standards Agency (UK), Greek Ministry of Education, Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch Zorg Onderzoek Nederland, World Cancer Research Fund, Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skane, Sweden, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [FK 0313846A], Deutsche Krebshilfe [10-1793 Scholl], Cancer Society of Finland, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL35464], US National Cancer Institute, Dutch Cancer Society [UM 2009-4556], Intramural Research Program, French Ministry of Health/Direction Generale de la Sante, University of Oxford, Maastricht University, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (COMUE) (USPC), National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Southern California, Massachusetts General Hospital, Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tennessee, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Harvard Medical School, Umea University, Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo (UiO), RS: GROW - R1 - Prevention, RS: CAPHRI - R5 - Optimising Patient Care, and Epidemiologie

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease, Lower risk, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, Selenium, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, ddc:610, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Gynecology, Cancer och onkologi, business.industry, Case-control study, Prostatic Neoplasms, Odds ratio, Articles, Middle Aged, Protective Factors, Toes, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nails, Cancer and Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Case-Control Studies, Risk assessment, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Some observational studies suggest that a higher selenium status is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer but have been generally too small to provide precise estimates of associations, particularly by disease stage and grade. METHODS: Collaborating investigators from 15 prospective studies provided individual-participant records (from predominantly men of white European ancestry) on blood or toenail selenium concentrations and prostate cancer risk. Odds ratios of prostate cancer by selenium concentration were estimated using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Blood selenium was not associated with the risk of total prostate cancer (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] per 80 percentile increase = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83 to 1.23, based on 4527 case patients and 6021 control subjects). However, there was heterogeneity by disease aggressiveness (ie, advanced stage and/or prostate cancer death, Pheterogeneity = .01), with high blood selenium associated with a lower risk of aggressive disease (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.21 to 0.87) but not with nonaggressive disease. Nail selenium was inversely associated with total prostate cancer (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.40, Ptrend < .001, based on 1970 case patients and 2086 control subjects), including both nonaggressive (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.50) and aggressive disease (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.31, Pheterogeneity = .08). CONCLUSIONS: Nail, but not blood, selenium concentration is inversely associated with risk of total prostate cancer, possibly because nails are a more reliable marker of long-term selenium exposure. Both blood and nail selenium concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of aggressive disease, which warrants further investigation.

Published
2016

4. Dietary intakes and food sources of phenolic acids in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Sabina Sieri, Elio Riboli, Konstantinos Tsiotas, Fulvio Ricceri, Raul Zamora-Ros, Florence Perquier, Pilar Amiano, Domenico Palli, Kim Overvad, José María Huerta, Marina Touillaud, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Anne Tjønneland, Petra H.M. Peeters, Guy Fagherazzi, Peter Wallström, Dagrun Engeset, Joseph A. Rothwell, Rosario Tumino, Carlos González, Ingegerd Johansson, Kay Thee Khaw, Vassiliki Benetou, Francesca L. Crowe, Aurelio Barricarte, Isabelle Romieu, Rikard Landberg, Jana Förster, Nadia Slimani, Augustin Scalbert, Martine M. Ros, Ulrika Ericson, Jytte Halkjær, Viktoria Knaze, Nicholas J. Wareham, Verena A. Grote, Heiner Boeing, Petra A. Wark, Elisabete Weiderpass, Esther Molina-Montes, Kuanrong Li, Guri Skeie, Virginia Menéndez, Maria Santucci de Magistris, Antonia Trichopoulou, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer (CIRC), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Consejo de Salud de la Región de Murcia, Partenaires INRAE, Instituto Navarro de Salud Publica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area), Dirección General de Salud Pública, Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Istituto per lo Studio e la Prevezione Oncologica, Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology Unit, Medical Research Council, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Athens., Hellenic Health Foundation, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Imperial College London, Danish Cancer Society, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Lund University [Lund], Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), University of Tromsø (UiT), European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Research Directorate-General, Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) (France), Institut National du Cancer (France), German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society: Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (RTICC) [DR06/0020], Catalan Institute of Oncology of Spain, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Hellenic Ministry of Health, Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Compagnia San Paolo, Italy, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skane, Sweden, Nordforsk - Centre of Excellence programme, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CD09/00133], Universitat de Barcelona, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), University of Oxford, ProdInra, Migration, and IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori [Milano]

Subjects
Male, Nutritional Sciences, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Coffee, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hydroxybenzoates, Prospective Studies, Food science, Food sources, Prospective cohort study, Càncer, Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Cancer, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Anthropometry, Geography, European Prospective, dietary intakes, Middle Aged, Hydroxycinnamic acid, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cohort, Female, Epic study, Dieta, Dietary intakes, Cohort study, Adult, Hydroxybenzoic acid, Coumaric Acids, Phenolic acids, food sources, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Diet Surveys, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Life Style, Nutrició, Aged, Nutrition, Inflammation, Phenolic acid, Diet, Oxidative Stress, Social Class, chemistry, european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition, phenolic acids
Abstract

International audience; Phenolic acids are secondary plant metabolites that may have protective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer in experimental studies. To date, limited data exist on the quantitative intake of phenolic acids. We estimated the intake of phenolic acids and their food sources and associated lifestyle factors in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Phenolic acid intakes were estimated for 36 037 subjects aged 35-74 years and recruited between 1992 and 2000 in ten European countries using a standardised 24 h recall software (EPIC-Soft), and their food sources were identified. Dietary data were linked to the Phenol-Explorer database, which contains data on forty-five aglycones of phenolic acids in 452 foods. The total phenolic acid intake was highest in Aarhus, Denmark (1265.5 and 980.7 mg/d in men and women, respectively), while the intake was lowest in Greece (213.2 and 158.6 mg/d in men and women, respectively). The hydroxycinnamic acid subclass was the main contributor to the total phenolic acid intake, accounting for 84.6-95.3% of intake depending on the region. Hydroxybenzoic acids accounted for 4.6-14.4%, hydroxyphenylacetic acids 0.1-0.8% and hydroxyphenylpropanoic acids

Published
2013

5. Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study

Author

Antonio Agudo, Carla H. van Gils, Naomi E. Allen, Miren Dorronsoro, Tobias Pischon, Christina C. Dahm, Antonia Trichopoulou, Madlen Schütze, Sabine Rohrmann, Tara Kehoe, Nadia Slimani, Nicholas J. Wareham, Aurelio Barricarte, Paolo Boffetta, Kim Overvad, Rudolf Kaaks, Petra H.M. Peeters, María José Sánchez, Jürgen Rehm, Anja Olsen, Gerrit Gmel, Laudina Rodríguez, Manuela M. Bergmann, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Heiner Boeing, Franco Berrino, Petra A. Wark, Mazda Jenab, Elio Riboli, María Dolores Chirlaque, Vasiliki Benetou, Anne Tjønneland, Dora Romaguera, Kay-Tee Khaw, Rosario Tumino, Paolo Vineis, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Dimosthenis Zylis, Domenico Palli, Timothy J. Key, Schütze, M., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Rehm, J., Kehoe, T., Gmel, G., Olsen, A., Tjønneland, A.M., Dahm, C.C., Overvad, K., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Benetou, V., Zylis, D., Kaaks, R., Rohrmann, S., Palli, D., Berrino, F., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Rodríguez, L., Agudo, A., Sánchez, M.J., Dorronsoro, M., Chirlaque, M.D., Barricarte, A., Peeters, P.H., van Gils, C.H., Khaw, K.T., Wareham, N., Allen, N.E., Key, T.J., Boffetta, P., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., Romaguera, D., Wark, P.A., Riboli, E., Bergmann, M.M., [Schuetze,M, Boeing,H, Pischon,T, Bergmann,MM.] German Inst Human Nutr Potsdam Rehbrucke, Dept Epidemiol, Nuthetal, Germany. [Rehm,J, Kehoe,T, Gmel,G] CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Rehm, J] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy, Dresden, Germany. [Olsen,A, Tjonneland,AM.] Danish Canc Soc, Inst Canc Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Dahm,CC] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Aalborg, Denmark. [Overvad,K] Aarhus Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aarhus, Denmark. [Clavel-Chapelon,F, Boutron-Ruault,M-C] Inst Gustave Roussy, Ctr Res Epidemiol & Populat Hlth,Villejuif, France. [Clavel-Chapelon,F, Boutron-Ruault,MC] Paris S Univ, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France. [Trichopoulou, A, Benetou,V, Zylis,D] Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Hyg Epidemiol & Med Stat, WHO Collaborating Ctr Food & Nutr Policies, Athens, Greece. [Kaaks,R, Rohrmann,S] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Canc Epidemiol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Palli,D] Canc Res & Prevent Inst, Mol & Nutr Epidemiol Unit, Florence, Italy. [Berrino, Franco] Fdn IRCCS Ist Nazl Tumori, Dept Prevent & Predict Med, Epidemiol Unit, Milan, Italy. [Tumino,R] Civile MP Arezzo Hosp, Canc Registry, Ragusa, Italy. [Vineis, Paolo] Inst Sci Interchange Fdn, Turin, Italy. [Rodriguez,L] Hlth & Hlth Care Serv Council, Publ Hlth & Participat Directorate, Asturias, Spain. [Tumino,R] Civile MP Arezzo Hosp, Histopathol Unit, Ragusa, Italy. [Agudo,A] Catalan Inst Oncol IDIBELL, Canc Epidemiol Res Programme, Unit Nutr Environm & Canc, Barcelona, Spain. [Sanchez,MJ] Andalusian Sch Publ Hlth, Granada, Spain. [Sanchez,MJ, Dorronsoro,M, Chirlaque,MD, Barricarte,A] CIBERESP, San Sebastian, Spain. [Dorronsoro, Miren] Publ Hlth Dept Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain. [Chirlaque,MD] Murcia Reg Hlth Council, Dept Epidemiol, Murcia, Spain. [Peeters,PH., van Gils,CH.] Univ Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Khaw,K_T] Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge, England. [Wareham,N] MRC, Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Allen,NE., Key,TJ.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Canc Epidemiol Unit, England. [Boffetta, P, Slimani,N, Jenab,M] Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France. [Boffetta,P] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Tisch Canc Inst, New York, NY USA. [Vineis,P, Romaguera,D, Wark,PA., Riboli,E] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, England., The work was performed (partly) within the coordinated action EPIC (SP23-CT-2005-006438), which has received research funding from the Community’s Sixth Framework Programme, as well as by the 'Europe Against Cancer' Programme of the European Commission (SANCO), Deutsche Krebshilfe, German Cancer Research Center, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (grant No: Network RCESP C03/09), Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, ISCIII, Red de Centros RETIC(RD06/0020) (grant No: C03/09), Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Compagnia di San Paolo, Progetto Integrato Oncologia-PIO, Regione Toscana, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, National Cancer Registry of the Netherlands, Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, and Hellenic Health Foundation and Stavros Niarchos Foundation

Subjects
Male, Alcohol drinking, Alcohol use disorder, burden, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Cost of Illness, Neoplasms, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Health Education, General Environmental Science, Colon Cancer, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, General Engineering, General Medicine, cohort, Middle Aged, Diseases::Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Colon cancer, Europe, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Incidencia, Alcohol, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol Drinking, Health Promotion, 03 medical and health sciences, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Breast Cancer, Humans, cancer, Sex Distribution, Aged, Health Care::Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services::Health Services::Preventive Health Services::Health Education [Medical Subject Headings], business.industry, Research, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques [Medical Subject Headings], prospective, medicine.disease, Surgery, Epidemiologic Studies, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Relative risk, attributable, Attributable risk, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings], incidence, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Incidence [Medical Subject Headings], business, Quantitative research, Demography
Abstract

Objective To compute the burden of cancer attributable to current and former alcohol consumption in eight European countries based on direct relative risk estimates from a cohort study. Design Combination of prospective cohort study with representative population based data on alcohol exposure. Setting Eight countries (France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Denmark) participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Participants 109 118 men and 254 870 women, mainly aged 37-70. Main outcome measures Hazard rate ratios expressing the relative risk of cancer incidence for former and current alcohol consumption among EPIC participants. Hazard rate ratios combined with representative information on alcohol consumption to calculate alcohol attributable fractions of causally related cancers by country and sex. Partial alcohol attributable fractions for consumption higher than the recommended upper limit (two drinks a day for men with about 24 g alcohol, one for women with about 12 g alcohol) and the estimated total annual number of cases of alcohol attributable cancer. Results If we assume causality, among men and women, 10% (95% confidence interval 7 to 13%) and 3% (1 to 5%) of the incidence of total cancer was attributable to former and current alcohol consumption in the selected European countries. For selected cancers the figures were 44% (31 to 56%) and 25% (5 to 46%) for upper aerodigestive tract, 33% (11 to 54%) and 18% (−3 to 38%) for liver, 17% (10 to 25%) and 4% (−1 to 10%) for colorectal cancer for men and women, respectively, and 5.0% (2 to 8%) for female breast cancer. A substantial part of the alcohol attributable fraction in 2008 was associated with alcohol consumption higher than the recommended upper limit: 33 037 of 178 578 alcohol related cancer cases in men and 17 470 of 397 043 alcohol related cases in women. Conclusions In western Europe, an important proportion of cases of cancer can be attributable to alcohol consumption, especially consumption higher than the recommended upper limits. These data support current political efforts to reduce or to abstain from alcohol consumption to reduce the incidence of cancer.

Published
2011

6. Association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of colorectal cancer in European populations:a nested case-control study

Author

Jakob Linseisen, Pierre Hainaut, Antonia Trichopoulou, Eiliv Lund, Pietro Ferrari, Sophie Morois, Kay-Tee Khaw, Kim Overvad, Philippe Autier, Gesthimani Misirli, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Timothy J. Key, Andrew W. Roddam, Carla H. van Gils, Salvatore Panico, María J. Tormo, Paolo Vineis, Graham Byrnes, Eugene Jansen, Fränzel J.B. Van Duijnhoven, María José Sánchez, Martine M. Ros, Teresa Norat, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjønneland, Rudolf Kaaks, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Tobias Pischon, Göran Hallmans, R. Palmqvist, Domenico Palli, Rosario Tumino, Sabina Rinaldi, Manuela M. Bergmann, Franco Berrino, Magritt Brustad, Eva Ardanaz, Heiner Boeing, Miren Dorronsoro, Nadia Slimani, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Petra H.M. Peeters, Elio Riboli, Mazda Jenab, Laudina Rodríguez, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Carlos A. González, [Jenab M, Ferrari P, Slimani N, Byrnes G, Rinaldi S, Autier P, Hainaut P] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France. [Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, van Duijnhoven FJB, Jansen EHJM, Ros MM] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Ferrari P] Data Collection and Exposure Unit, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy. [van Duijnhoven FJB, van Gils CH, Peeters PH] Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Norat T, Vineis P, Riboli E] School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK. [Pischon T, Boeing H, Bergmann MM] Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. [Tjonneland A, Olsen A] Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Overvad K] Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. [Boutron-Ruault M-C, Clavel-Chapelon F, Morois S] Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) ERI 20, EA. [Kaaks R, Linseisen J] Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. [Trichopoulou A, Misirli G] Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, Greece. [Trichopoulou A] Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece. [Trichopoulos D] Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, USA and Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece. [Berrino F] Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Etiologic Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (National Cancer Institute), Milan, Italy. [Vineis P] ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy. [Panico S] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Palli D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO (Cancer Research and Prevention Institute), Florence, Italy. [Tumino R] Ragusa Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, 'Civile M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP 7 Ragusa, Italy. [Ros MM] Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Brustad M, Lund E] Centre for Sami Health Research, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. [Tormo MJ] Epidemiology Service, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Spain. [Ardanaz E] Public Health Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. [Ardanaz E, Sánchez MJ] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain. [Rodríguez L] Health Information Section, Public Health and Participation Directorate, Health and Health Care Services Council, Asturias, Spain. [Sánchez MJ] Andalusian School of Public Health-Granada (Spain). [Dorronsoro M] Epidemiology Unit, Public Health Division of Guipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain. [Gonzalez CA] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain. [Hallmans G] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå, Sweden. [Palmqvist R] Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Roddam A, Key TJ] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Khaw KT] Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [Bueno-de-Mesquita HB] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Linseisen J] Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany, We thank the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF, London, UK, grant number 2005/12) for grant funding for the present study. The EPIC study was supported by the Europe Against Cancer Programme of the European Commission (SANCO), Ligue contre le Cancer (France), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (RETIC-RD06/0020), the participating regional governments and institutions of Spain, The ISCIII Red de Centro RCESP (C03/09), Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, the Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, the Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Hellenic Health Foundation and Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian National Research Council, Compagnia di San Paolo, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Governments of Skane and Vasterbotten, Sweden, and Norwegian Cancer Society., Jenab, M, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Ferrari, P, van Duijnhoven, Fj, Norat, T, Pischon, T, Jansen, Eh, Slimani, N, Byrnes, G, Rinaldi, S, Tjønneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Clavel Chapelon, F, Morois, S, Kaaks, R, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Bergmann, Mm, Trichopoulou, A, Misirli, G, Trichopoulos, D, Berrino, F, Vineis, P, Panico, Salvatore, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Ros, Mm, van Gils, Ch, Peeters, Ph, Brustad, M, Lund, E, Tormo, Mj, Ardanaz, E, Rodríguez, L, Sánchez, Mj, Dorronsoro, M, Gonzalez, Ca, Hallmans, G, Palmqvist, R, Roddam, A, Key, Tj, Khaw, Kt, Autier, P, Hainaut, P, Riboli, E., and University of Groningen

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Colorectal cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Neoplasias colorrectales, SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D, DIETARY-INTAKE, Epidemiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vitamin D, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Colon Cancer, COLON-CANCER, Confounding, General Engineering, Estudios de Casos y Controles, Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings], General Medicine, Middle Aged, META-ANALYSIS, 3. Good health, Europe, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Female, Risk assessment, Colorectal Neoplasms, Europa, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, D SUPPLEMENTATION, medicine.medical_specialty, CALCIUM INTAKE, Vitamina D, Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Secosteroids::Vitamin D [Medical Subject Headings], Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], 03 medical and health sciences, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Case-Control Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Medicine, General & Internal, D-RECEPTOR, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, medicine, Humans, ddc:610, Life Style, Immunology (Including Allergy), Science & Technology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D LEVELS, business.industry, Research, Case-control study, Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Digestive System Neoplasms::Gastrointestinal Neoplasms::Intestinal Neoplasms::Colorectal Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], medicine.disease, RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIALS, Diet, Epidemiologic Studies, Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Nested case-control study, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Calcium, D METABOLITES, business
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 88351.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration, dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium, and the risk of colorectal cancer in European populations. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. Setting The study was conducted within the EPIC study, a cohort of more than 520 000 participants from 10 western European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 1248 cases of incident colorectal cancer, which developed after enrolment into the cohort, were matched to 1248 controls MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Circulating vitamin D concentration (25-hydroxy-vitamin-D, 25-(OH)D) was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Dietary and lifestyle data were obtained from questionnaires. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of colorectal cancer by 25-(OH)D concentration and levels of dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were estimated from multivariate conditional logistic regression models, with adjustment for potential dietary and other confounders. RESULTS: 25-(OH)D concentration showed a strong inverse linear dose-response association with risk of colorectal cancer (P for trend or=100.0 nmol/l: 0.77 (0.56 to 1.06)). In analyses by quintile of 25-(OH)D concentration, patients in the highest quintile had a 40% lower risk of colorectal cancer than did those in the lowest quintile (P

Published
2010

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