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Highlights • This study focused on combined binge drinking and cannabis use in college students. • Cannabis use and binge drinking had an additive effect on cognition. • This consumption pattern contributed to memory and executive impairments. • Binge drinkers had a heterogeneous cognitive profile regardless of cannabis use. • Cannabis use should be assessed in binge drinkers to adapt prevention strategies., Introduction Binge drinking (BD) and cannabis use are prevalent in European adolescents and students. BD has been shown to have a negative impact on neuropsychological functioning, but little is known about the additive effect when it is combined with cannabis consumption. We therefore investigated the neuropsychological profiles of students who engage in combined BD and cannabis use, in order to explore the potentially harmful additive effects of cannabis use and BD on cognition. Material and methods A sample of college students (N = 298) completed questionnaires on alcohol and cannabis use, and were screened for neuropsychological impairments using the Brief Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neuropsychological Impairments (BEARNI). First, after dividing students into three groups according to their alcohol and cannabis use (i.e., light drinkers, binge drinkers, and binge drinkers consuming cannabis), we ran a linear mixed model based on the BEARNI z scores to test the performances of the three groups. Information yielded by the mixed model was supplemented by individual analyses. Second, to explore the heterogeneity of binge drinkers’ profiles, we ran a cluster analysis to characterize the alcohol users at higher risk of more severe neuropsychological impairment. Results Overall, poorer neuropsychological performances were observed among binge drinkers compared with light drinkers, whether they used cannabis or not. However, flexibility, episodic memory and working memory were particularly affected among binge drinkers who used cannabis. Conclusions Results emphasize the importance of asking binge drinkers if they smoke cannabis, in order to adapt care and prevention strategies to their consumption and neuropsychological profile.

Background/Objectives Physical activity (PA) has significant benefits for older adults. However, the recommended PA is rarely achieved in nursing homes. In this proof of concept study, we assessed whether virtual reality (VR) could help to increase spontaneous PA during a stationary cycling session. Design Prospective crossover proof of concept study. Setting Nursinghome. Participants Twelve participants (10 men) aged 63–88, able-bodied but with moderate cognitive impairment. Intervention TWO stationary cycling sessions with and withoutVR. Measurements Cycling distance, pedalling duration, average speed, mean pedalling cadence and the modified Borg rating of perceived exertion scale. Results Cycling distance and duration were significantly higher in the VR condition. Most participants would rather repeat cycling sessions with VR than without. Conclusion The use of VR seems feasible to help achieve PA recommendations for able-bodied people living in nursing homes, even with moderate cognitive impairments.

International audience; • Substance use in young people is an important public health concern. • Research has explored the psychological factors related to substance use. • Few studies have considered multiple substance use and possible heterogeneity. • We performed a cluster analysis based on impulsivity traits and consumption motives. • Four subgroups were found, described by distinct profiles and substance use habits. A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords: Motives Impulsivity College students Cluster analysis A B S T R A C T Substance use in youth is a central public health concern, related to deleterious consequences at psychological, social, and cognitive/cerebral levels. Previous research has identified impulsivity and consumption motives as key factors in the emergence of excessive substance use among college students. However, most studies have focused on a specific substance and have considered this population as a unitary group, ignoring the potential heterogeneity in psychological profiles. We used a cluster analytic approach to explore the heterogeneity in a large sample (N = 2741) of substance users (i.e., tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine, heroin) on im-pulsivity and consumption motives. We identified four clusters: The first two clusters, associated with good self-esteem, low anxiety, and moderate substance use, were respectively characterized by low impulsivity and consumption motives (Cluster 1) and by high social and enhancement motives without marked impulsivity (Cluster 2). The two other clusters were conversely related to low self-esteem and high anxiety, and characterized by high consumption motives (particularly conformity) together with elevated urgency (Cluster 3) and by globally increased impulsivity and consumption motives (Cluster 4). These two clusters were also associated with higher substance use. These results highlight the existence of distinct psychological profiles of substance users and underline the need to develop targeted prevention and intervention programs (e.g., focusing on the specific impulsivity facets and consumption motives presented by each subgroup). Based on these findings, we also suggest extending the exploration of distinct profiles of substance users by targeting other psychological variables (e.g., self-esteem).

AFAPA : Association Francophone pour l’Activités Physiques Adaptées; International audience; IntroductionLes troubles du comportement alimentaires (TCA) ont une prévalence de 1 à 4 % dans la population générale, touchant principalement les femmes entre 15 et 25 ans [1]. La population étudiante est considérée à haut risque, surtout la première année qui constitue une période de transition importante [2]. À notre connaissance, aucune étude ne s’est intéressée aux TCA chez une population étudiante suivant un cursus dans le domaine du sport, qui pourrait, aux regards de la littérature, présenter un risque plus élevé de développer un TCA que les étudiants d’autres cursus. En effet, le milieu sportif est considéré à risque par certains auteurs (i.e. disciplines à catégorie de poids, à visée esthétique ou artistique) [3]. L’objectif de cette étude est donc d’évaluer les risques de TCA chez des étudiants en 1re année de STAPS et d’examiner de potentiels liens entre les TCA, les pratiques physiques à risque et les troubles psychologiques spécifiques.Matériel et méthodeNous avons construit un questionnaire combinant des questions sur la pratique d’activité physique (AP), ainsi que des questionnaires validés évaluant les TCA, la qualité du sommeil et différentes variables psychologiques (i.e. perfectionnisme, impulsivité, dépression, anxiété, …). Le questionnaire a été diffusé en ligne via la plateforme LimeSurvey à tous les étudiants inscrits en 1re année de STAPS à l’université de Caen. Nous pensons obtenir environ 200 réponses.RésultatsLes résultats seront présentés lors du congrès. Nous supposons que les risques de TCA seront très élevés par rapport à la population normale, et en particulier dans certaines disciplines sportives. De plus, nous pensons observer des profils psychologiques spécifiques chez les étudiants les plus à risque de présenter un TCA.

International audience; Elhers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is the clinical manifestation of connective tissue disorders, and comprises several clinical forms with no specific symptoms and selective medical examinations which result in a delay in diagnosis of about 10 years. The EDS hypermobility type (hEDS) is characterized by generalized joint hypermobility, variable skin hyperextensibility and impaired proprioception. Since somatosensory processing and multisensory integration are crucial for both perception and action, we put forth the hypothesis that somatosensory deficits in hEDS patients may lead, among other clinical symptoms, to misperception of verticality and postural instability. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to assess the impact of somatosensory deficit on subjective visual vertical (SVV) and postural stability; and (ii) to quantify the effect of wearing somatosensory orthoses (i.e., compressive garments and insoles) on postural stability. Six hEDS patients and six age- and gender-matched controls underwent a SVV (sitting, standing, lying on the right side) evaluation and a postural control evaluation on a force platform (Synapsys), with or without visual information (eyes open (EO)/eyes closed (EC)). These two latter conditions performed either without orthoses, or with compression garments (CG), or insoles, or both. Results showed that patients did not exhibit a substantial perceived tilt of the visual vertical in the direction of the body tilt (Aubert effect) as did the control subjects. Interestingly, such differential effects were only apparent when the rod was initially positioned to the left of the vertical axis (opposite the longitudinal body axis). In addition, patients showed greater postural instability (sway area) than the controls. The removal of vision exacerbated this instability, especially in the mediolateral (ML) direction. The wearing of orthoses improved postural stability, especially in the eyes-closed condition, with a particularly marked effect in the anteroposterior (AP) direction. Hence, this study suggests that hEDS is associated with changes in the relative contributions of somatosensory and vestibular inputs to verticality perception. Moreover, postural control impairment was offset, at least partially, by wearing somatosensory orthoses.

International audience; Sixty-five right- and left-handed preschool and school children were tested on three reach-to-grasp tasks of different levels of complexity, performed in three space locations. Our goal was to evaluate how the effect of attentional information related to object location interacts with task complexity and degree of handedness on children's hand selection. Results revealed a shift to the non-preferred hand in the contralateral hemispace, which was more or less pronounced according to the level of task complexity. The subject's degree of handedness also influenced this shift, since strongly lateralized children exhibited a greater use of their preferred hand than less lateralized ones for actions in the contralateral hemispace. These findings confirm that hand selection is to some extent adaptable to task demand and environmental context.

The goal of this study was to evaluate lateral preferences in a population of children with intellectual deficiency of idiopathic origin, compared with those of typically developing (TD) children. Two groups of children with mild or moderate intellectual deficiency were observed. Handedness (using a 10-item test and Bishop's card-reaching task), eyedness and footedness were studied. The younger group consisted of sixteen 10- to 11-year olds; the older group comprised fourteen 12- to 14-year olds. A control group of fifteen TD children was matched for age with the younger group of intellectually deficient (ID) children. The results show that the occurrence of left-handedness is not higher in children with ID of unknown origin than in age-matched TD children. However, we observed a marginally reduced tendency toward right-handedness in ID than in TD children: more mixed-handers among ID than TD children; test-retest consistency of hand preference significantly lower in the 10- to 11-year-old ID children than in the age-matched TD children; greater tendency of ID children to use their nonpreferred left hand when the card was presented to the left, as compared with TD children. Left-eyedness and crossed hand-eye preference were also more frequent in ID than in age-matched TD children. No age-related difference in laterality was found in ID children. These results partially support other studies indicating that less rightward asymmetry is associated with intellectual deficiency in children. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 48: 492–500, 2006.

International audience; This study examines the prevalence of overweight and obesity and a panel of potential determinants among French youths and adults with an intellectual disability (ID). The sample used consisted of 1120 youths and adults with an ID, from 5 to 28 years old, attending a French special education school. The results indicated that 19.8% of the participants with an ID are classified as overweight and 8.6% as obese. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that there are nearly three times more girls/women classified as overweight than boys/men. Additionally, they showed that there are nearly two times more participants from southern France classified as overweight than from northern France, and that the risk of being classified as overweight significantly increases with seniority in the school. Next, the interaction effects observed indicated first that there are nearly two times more boys/men on psychotropic medication classified as overweight than boys/men not on psychotropic medication. Second, they revealed that the odds of being classified as overweight for boys/men not on psychotropic medication are 47% lower than for girls/women not on psychotropic medication. Third, they indicated that there are nearly two times more boys/men from southern France classified as obese than boys/men from northern France. Fourth, they showed that the odds of being classified as obese for boys/men from northern France are 52% lower than for girls/women from northern France. In conclusion, these results should be viewed as preliminary and need to be replicated since, to our knowledge, this study is the first one to examine this topic while simultaneously controlling for all of the potential determinants and relying on a sample of youths and adults.

Affiliation EA 4260 - Intitulé actuel : Centre d’Etude des Stratégies et des Actions Motrices et Sportives (CESAMS) mais entre 2008 et 2011 autre intitulé : Information Organisation et Action (IOA).; International audience; In this study, the interaction of hand preference, eye dominance, and performance in archery was investigated. Beginners' accuracy (right-handed French students (48 men, 34 women) from the University of Sport Sciences (M age = 19.3 yr., SD = 1.7 yr.), were tested and 1,323 practitioners were given a laterality questionnaire. Analysis suggested the interaction of hand preference and eye dominance might influence accuracy of the novice archers (uncrossed patterns were more accurate) when the bow was used without sights, but the use of sights by practitioners seemed to eliminate this effect.

International audience; The goal of the present study was to compare the use of the preferred versus the nonpreferred hand in children performing two tasks of different levels of complexity, in various positions in space. Right-handed and left-handed consistent children were compared to their inconsistent counterparts. The results showed that the general tendency to use one's preferred hand to grasp an object is more or less pronounced depending on the object's spatial location and the task's complexity. The children used their preferred hand more often even when the object was presented contralaterally, and did so to a greater extent during the more complex task. Inconsistent-handers were more likely to shift to using their nonpreferred hand when the object was presented to this hand's side. Finally, we found that the influence of handedness consistency on hand use for the spatial positions varied with the complexity of the task. These results favor a view of handedness as a dynamic process in which motor preferences interact with task demand, probably through task-related attention.