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Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticar-iogenic efficacy of hot and cold aqueous extracts of Terminalia chebula against Streptococcus mutans as an oral rinse and also to discover the acceptability of the mouthwash in children. Settings and design Sixty children between 8 and 12 years with high caries risk were selected. Materials and methods 10% concentration of hot and cold aqueous extracts were prepared. Children were randomly divided into extract and control group. Baseline salivary samples were taken, and the samples were re-collected at 10, 60, and 90 minutes interval after rinsing. Microbial and pH analysis were done. An acceptability questionnaire was filled. Statistical analysis Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results The results show statistically significant difference in S. mutans counts at 10, 60, and 90 minutes interval when compared with negative control. However, when the hot and cold extracts were compared, there was no significant difference. Acceptability questionnaire showed 65 to 75% overall acceptability for both types of extract. Conclusion Results of this study showed that both types of aqueous extract of T. chebula may be used as potential anticariogenic mouthwash with acceptable taste in children. How to cite this article Palit MC, Hegde SK, Bhat SS. Effectiveness of Mouthrinse formulated from Aqueous Extract of Terminalia chebula on Salivary Streptococcus mutans Count and pH among 8- to 12-year-old School Children of Karnataka: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):349-354.

Background: Oral habits and caries if left untreated may result in crowding and arch length discrepancy in developing dentition. Therefore, appliances are used to maintain the arch length and for proper relationship between dental arches. However, its insertion may cause an increase in bacterial concentration. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus sp., and Candida albicans in saliva during the first 6 months of orthodontic therapy. Materials and Methods: Twenty children in the age group of 6-15 years were selected with regard to indication of orthodontic treatment, and subsequently grouped as patients to be treated with fixed space maintainers or removable appliances. Unstimulated saliva was collected in a sterile container at baseline and at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month recalls for every selected child. Samples collected were processed for bacterial culture in different culture media at different time intervals. Statistical Analysis: SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 15.0 statistical software was carried for bacterial counts. Chi-square test and t-test were performed to know the effects of each variable and to reveal the statistical significance. Result: Bacterial counts of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus sp., and Candida albicans were found to be statistically significant (P 0≤ 0.001), (P < 0.05), and (P < 0.001), respectively in both the groups at all intervals. Conclusion: At different time intervals, the total numbers of bacterial count of Streptococcus mutans were comparatively higher, followed by Lactobacillus sp. and Candida albicans.

Aims: The aim of this study was to test the reliability of Moyer's and Tanaka-Johnston method of mixed dentition analysis among Lucknow population and also derive a linear regression equation that would predict sum of mesiodistal widths of upper and lower canines and premolars for both sexes. Setting and Design: Moyer's and Tanaka-Johnston mixed dentition space analysis were developed from a sample of North European descent children. Hence, it becomes questionable when applied to individuals with different ethnic origin. Materials and Methods: Actual mesiodistal widths of permanent upper and lower incisors, canines, and premolars were recorded on 100 dental casts for both sexes using digital Vernier caliper nearest of 0.02 mm. Predicted values of mesiodistal widths of permanent upper and lower canines and premolars were obtained using Moyer's probability analysis at the 75th percentile and Tanaka-Johnston method. Both actual and predicted values for both sexes were put to statistical evaluation using student “t” test and unpaired “t” test. Results: Differences between the actual and predicted values of upper and lower permanent canines and premolars were statistically significant in both sexes (P < 0.05) for both Moyer's and Tanaka-Johnston mixed dentition analysis. Four linear regression, equations were developed for both sexes to predict mesiodistal widths of erupting upper and lower permanent canines and premolars using the lower incisors. No significant difference was observed when the regression equations were applied. Conclusion: Predictions from linear regression equations matched well with the data obtained from the samples of the present study for both males and females of Lucknow population.