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Your search keyword '"[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]"' showing total 97 results
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97 results on '"[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]"'

1. Chemosensory anxiety signals prime defensive behavior in prepubertal girls

Author

Bettina M. Pause, Katrin T. Lübke, Benoist Schaal, Matthias Hoenen, Anne Busch, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
Male, Reflex, Startle, puberty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Startle response, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Emotions, Sweating, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Electromyography, Anxiety, startle response, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), Alarm signal, Fear-potentiated startle, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, sex hormone, SWEAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Moro reflex, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Child, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, Stimulation, Chemical, Acoustic Stimulation, chemosensory communication, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Axilla, Odorants, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, Psychology, chemosensory anxiety, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

indexation en cours; Chemosensory anxiety signals effectively prime motor responses related to withdrawal behavior, such as the startle reflex, in adult humans. As the reproductive status strongly affects the response to social chemosignals, the current study examined whether chemosensory anxiety signals would augment the startle response in prepubertal children as it does in adults. Using cotton pads, axillary sweat was collected from 28 men while waiting for an important oral examination (anxiety condition), and during ergometer training (sport control condition). Using a constant-flow olfactometer, sweat samples and pure cotton samples (cotton control) were presented to 10 prepubertal girls aged 9-13years (M=11.25, SD=1.25) for 3000ms during inhalation. White noise bursts of 102dB(A) served as startle probes, and startle responses were recorded via electromyography of the orbicularis oculi muscle. The girls showed larger startle amplitudes to probes presented in the context of chemosensory anxiety signals as compared to a context of sport control sweat (p

Published
2017

2. Effects of Combined Vigorous Interval Training Program and Diet on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Physical Self-Perceptions Among Obese Adolescent Boys and Girls

Author

Christophe Maïano, Olivier Rey, Jean-Marc Vallier, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Caroline Nicol, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Calorie, Adolescent, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, physical self-perceptions, pediatric obesity, Physical fitness, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, High-Intensity Interval Training, Body fat percentage, Interval training, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Heart rate, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, vigorous exercise, 030212 general & internal medicine, interval training, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Pediatric rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Self Concept, Diet, Exercise Therapy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Body Composition, physical fitness, Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, High-intensity interval training
Abstract

Purpose:This study examined the effects of a five-week intervention combining vigorous interval training (VIT) with diet among twenty-four obese adolescents. Fourteen girls and ten boys (aged 14–15) schooled in a pediatric rehabilitation center participated. Methods:The VIT intensity was targeted and remained above 80% of maximal heart rate (HR) and over six kilocalories per minute. Pre- and postintervention measures were body composition (BMI, weight, body fat percentage), physical self-perceptions (PSP), physical fitness (6-min walking distance and work) and its associated physiological responses (HRpeak and blood lactate concentration). A series of two-way analyses of variance or covariance controlling for weight loss were used to examine the changes. Results:Significant improvements were found in body composition, physical fitness and PSP (endurance, activity level, sport competence, global physical self-concept and appearance). In addition, boys presented higher levels of perceived strength and global physical self-concept than girls. Finally, there was a significant increase in perceived endurance, sport competence, and global physical self-concept in girls only. Conclusion:This five-week VIT program combined with diet represents an effective means for improving body composition, physical fitness, and PSP in obese adolescents, the effects on PSP being larger among girls.

Published
2017

3. From clinic to the 'foul and exciting field of life': A psychiatric point of view on clinical physiology

Author

Jean Vion-Dury, Guillaume Dumas, Clélia Quiles, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie [Bordeaux] ( SANPSY ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Services d’explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux, clinique du sommeil, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Génétique humaine et Fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Gènes, Synapses et Cognition, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] ( LNC ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité de neurophysiologie et psychophysiologie, pôle de psychiatrie universitaire, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud ), Sommeil, Addiction et Neuropsychiatrie [Bordeaux] (SANPSY), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gènes, Synapses et Cognition (CNRS - UMR3571 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and VION-DURY, Jean

Subjects
Clinique, Physiology, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Medical sciences, Physiologies, [SHS.PHIL] Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, Clinical, Psychological adjustment, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Normal, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Pathological, Theory, Acclimatation, Adaptation, Physiologie, Applied Psychology, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, Syndrome, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Pathologie psychiatrique, Sciences médicales, Théorie, Troubles mentaux, Psychiatric disorders, Normal/pathologique, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Psychiatrie, Ajustement psychique
Abstract

Claude Bernard, and his master François Magendie, by the constitution of physiological science, has brought the establishment of a unifying representation system in the field of medicine. According to these representations, the diseases and the therapeutics would be considered by medical doctors as following the same laws of physiology. Physiology would be the condition of a real scientific medicine. How this positioning may be applied to psychiatry? To answer this question, this article proposes first of all to summarize the principal concepts structuring clinical physiology since Claude Bernard. These concepts are those of the "milieu intérieur", its stability and its regulation. The principles of this regulation system introduced by Claude Bernard lead us to consider him as the first modern systemic physiologist. Moreover these principles of regulation offer the possibility to understanding in an original way the processes of adaptation and acclimatization of an organism. This article then to analyze how these physiological concepts can be applied to psychiatry, including a discussion on the distinction of normal and pathological (by underlining that the difficulty in defining the disease is not specific to mental disorders), by providing a physiological perspective of the notion of syndrome for linking together in a practical way, the requirements of scientific medicine to that of rigorous clinical medicine., Claude Bernard, et son maitre François Magendie, ont permis, par la constitution de la science physiologique, la mise en place d'un système de représentation unificatrice dans le champ de la médecine où la pathologie et la thérapeutique seraient considérées par les médecins comme suivant les mêmes lois de la physiologie. La physiologie serait ainsi la condition d'une véritable médecine scientifique. Comment ce positionnement peut il s'appliquer à la psychiatrie ? Afin de répondre à cette question, cet article se propose, tout d'abord de rappeler les concepts essentiels structurant la physiologie clinique depuis Claude Bernard. Ces concepts sont ceux de milieu intérieur, de sa constance et de sa régulation. Les principes de ce système de régulation introduis par Claude Bernard font de lui un précurseur de la physiologie systémique moderne et permettent de comprendre de manière originale les processus d'adaptation et d'acclimatation d'un organisme. Cet article se propose ensuite d'analyser comment ces concepts peuvent s'appliquer à la psychiatrie et notamment à la distinction du normal et du pathologique (et de souligner que la difficulté dans la définition de la maladie n'est pas propre aux troubles mentaux), en offrant une perspective physiologique à la notion de syndrome, concept permettant de lier ensemble, et de manière pratique, les exigences d'une médecine scientifique à celle d'une médecine clinique rigoureuse.

Published
2017

4. Cortical motor output decreases after neuromuscular fatigue induced by electrical stimulation of the plantar flexor muscles

Author

Alain Varray, Gerard Derosiere, Maria Papaiordanidou, François Alexandre, Maxime Billot, Varray, Alain, Euromov (EuroMov), Université de Montpellier (UM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Euromov ( EuroMov ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
Adult, Male, Recruitment, Neurophysiological, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Stimulation, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Somatosensory system, Plantar flexion, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Electromyography, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Motor Cortex, 030229 sport sciences, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Electric Stimulation, Peripheral, Electrophysiology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Muscle Fatigue, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Motor cortex
Abstract

Aim Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) causes early onset of neuromuscular fatigue. Peripheral electrophysiological explorations suggest that supra-spinal alterations are involved through sensitive afferent pathways. As sensory input is projected over the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), S1 area involvement in inhibiting the central motor drive can be hypothesized. This study assessed cortical activity under a fatiguing NMES protocol at low frequency. Methods Twenty healthy males performed five NMES sequences of 17 trains over the plantar flexors (30 Hz, 4 s on/6 s off). Before and after each sequence, neuromuscular tests composed of maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) were carried out. Cortical activity was assessed during MVCs with functional near-infrared spectroscopy over S1 and primary motor (M1) areas, through oxy- [HbO] and deoxy-haemoglobin [HbR] variation. Electrophysiological data (H-reflex during MVC, EMG activity and level of voluntary activation) were also recorded. Results MVC torque significantly decreased after the first 17 NMES trains (P

Published
2015

5. Studies using pharmacological blockade of muscle afferents provide new insights into the neurophysiology of perceived exertion

Author

Benjamin Pageaux, Jérémie Gaveau, Pageaux, Benjamin, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Physical Exertion, Perceived exertion, Cardiovascular, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Muscles, 030229 sport sciences, [ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Neurophysiology, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Blockade, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

The increase in blood pressure observed during physical activities is exaggerated in patients with hypertension, exposing them to a higher cardiovascular risk.Neural signals from the skeletal muscles appear to be overactive, resulting in this abnormal response in hypertensive patients.In the present study, we tested whether the attenuation of these neural signals in hypertensive patients could normalize their abnormal increase in blood pressure during physical activity.Attenuation of the neural signals from the leg muscles with intrathecal fentanyl injection reduced the blood pressure of hypertensive men during cycling exercise to a level comparable to that of normotensive men.Skeletal muscle afferent overactivity causes the abnormal cardiovascular response to exercise and was reverted in this experimental model, appearing as potential target for treatment.

Published
2016

6. Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise and recovery in obese individuals as a function of their fitness status

Author

Louis Bherer, Olivier Dupuy, Sarah Fraser, Vincent Gremeaux, Martin Juneau, Mathieu Gayda, Anil Nigam, Gabriel Lapierre, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Centre EPIC [Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal]-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) ( MOVE ), Université de Poitiers, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (University of Ottawa, Canada), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Montreal Heart Institute Foundation EPIC Centre Foundation Reseau Quebecois de Recherche sur le Vieillissement Diabete Quebec, Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Male, Cardiac output, obesity, intensity interval exercise, Physiology, near-infrared spectroscopy, cardiac-output, Cardiac index, Gas Exchange and Transport, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Incremental exercise, Hemoglobins, 0302 clinical medicine, Original Research, medicine.diagnostic_test, exercise, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endurance and Performance, Middle Aged, Exercise Therapy, Impedance cardiography, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cardiology, Female, oxygenation, impedance cardiograph device, Adipose Tissue and Obesity, Cardiac function curve, medicine.medical_specialty, men, metabolic syndrome, normal-weight, 03 medical and health sciences, recovery, Oxygen Consumption, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Aerobic exercise, Humans, Aged, Cardiac and cerebral hemodynamics, business.industry, Oxygenation, Blood pressure, Vasoconstriction, Physical therapy, diastolic dysfunction, business, coronary-heart-disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to compare cardiovascular hemodynamics and cerebral oxygenation/perfusion (COP) during and after maximal incremental exercise in obese individuals according to their aerobic fitness versus age-matched healthy controls (AMHC). Fifty-four middle-aged obese (OB) and 16 AMHC were recruited. Maximal cardiopulmonary function (gas exchange analysis), cardiac hemodynamics (impedance cardiography), and left frontal COP (near-infrared spectroscopy: NIRS) were measured continuously during a maximal incremental ergocycle test. During recovery, reoxygenation/perfusion rate (ROPR: oxyhemoglobin: Delta O(2)Hb, deoxyhemoglobin: Delta HHb and total hemoglobin: Delta tHb; with NIRS) was also measured. Obese participants (OB, n = 54) were divided into two groups according to the median VO2 peak: the low-fit obese (LF-OB, n = 27) and the high-fit obese (HF-OB, n = 27). During exercise, end tidal pressure of CO2 (PETCO2), and COP (Delta O(2)Hb, Delta HHb and Delta tHb) did not differ between groups (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB, AMHC). During recovery, PETCO2 and ROPR (Delta O(2)Hb, Delta HHb and DtHb) were similar between the groups (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB, AMHC). During exercise and recovery, cardiac index was lower (P < 0.05) in LF-OB versus the other two groups (HF-OB, AMHC). As well, systolic blood pressure was higher during exercise in the OB, LF-OB and HF-OB groups versus AMHC (P < 0.05). When compared to AMHC, obese individuals (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB) have a similar cerebral vasoreactivity by CO2 and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise and recovery, but a higher systolic blood pressure during exercise. Higher fitness in obese subjects (HF-OB) seems to preserve their cardiopulmonary and cardiac function during exercise and recovery.

Published
2017

7. Claudin Loss-of-Function Disrupts Tight Junctions and Impairs Amelogenesis

Author

Claire Bardet, Sandy Ribes, Yong Wu, Mamadou Tidiane Diallo, Benjamin Salmon, Tilman Breiderhoff, Pascal Houillier, Dominik Müller, Catherine Chaussain, HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire (UPD5 Odontologie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Service d'Odontologie [Bretonneau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire ( UPD5 Odontologie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin [Berlin], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Matrix (biology), Biology, pore-forming tight junction protein, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit, urologic and male genital diseases, barrier-forming tight junction protein, digestive system, lcsh:Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Amelogenesis imperfecta, Claudin, Enamel paint, Tight junction, lcsh:QP1-981, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], urogenital system, enamel, Amelogenesis, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, visual_art, Paracellular transport, Perspective, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ameloblast, claudins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Claudins are a family of proteins that forms paracellular barriers and pores determining tight junctions (TJ) permeability. Claudin-16 and-19 are pore forming TJ proteins allowing calcium and magnesium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL). Loss-of-function mutations in the encoding genes, initially identified to cause Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC), were recently shown to be also involved in Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). In addition, both claudins were expressed in the murine tooth germ and Claudin-16 knockout (KO) mice displayed abnormal enamel formation. Claudin-3, an ubiquitous claudin expressed in epithelia including kidney, acts as a barrier-forming tight junction protein. We determined that, similarly to claudin-16 and claudin-19, claudin-3 was expressed in the tooth germ, more precisely in the TJ located at the apical end of secretory ameloblasts. The observation of Claudin-3 KO teeth revealed enamel defects associated to impaired TJ structure at the secretory ends of ameloblasts and accumulation of matrix proteins in the forming enamel. Thus, claudin-3 protein loss-of-function disturbs amelogenesis similarly to claudin-16 loss-of-function, highlighting the importance of claudin proteins for the TJ structure. These findings unravel that loss-of-function of either pore or barrier-forming TJ proteins leads to enamel defects. Hence, the major structural function of claudin proteins appears essential for amelogenesis.

Published
2017

8. Alteration in Taste Perception in Cancer: Causes and Strategies of Treatment

Author

Amira Sayed Khan, Aziz Hichami, Naim Akhtar Khan, Babar Murtaza, François Ghiringhelli, Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) ( NUTOX ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Equipe CADIR (LNC - U1231), Département de Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (Université des Frères Mentouri)), and Université Mentouri Constantine-Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Taste, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Physiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Review, Disease, Gut flora, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Physiology (medical), Perception, Internal medicine, medicine, cancer, taste modalities, media_common, biology, treatment, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Cancer, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Malnutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, inflammation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Dietary modifications, metabolism
Abstract

IF 4.134; International audience; The sense of taste is responsible for the detection and ingestion of food to cover energetic requirements in health and disease. The change in taste perception might lead to malnutrition that is usually one of the frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of taste perception and how they are altered in cancer. We also address the question of the implication of inflammation, responsible for the alterations in taste modalities. We highlight the role of radio- and chemotherapy in the modulation of taste physiology. Other several factors like damage to taste progenitor cells and disruption of gut microbiota are also dealt with relation to taste perception in cancer. We further shed light on how to restore taste acuity, by using different preventive methods, dietary modifications and pharmacotherapy in subjects with advanced cancer state.

Published
2017

9. Cardiometabolic risk is associated with the severity of sleep-disordered breathing in children with obesity

Author

S. Quinart, David Thivel, Valérie Gillet, Johanna Roche, Véronique Nègre, Laurie Isacco, Fabienne Mougin, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques ( AME2P ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS, Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne ( AME2P ), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Ferrand (UFR STAPS - UBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Ferrand (UFR STAPS - UBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( UR 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Heart Diseases, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), Blood Pressure, Body adiposity index, Severity of Illness Index, Childhood obesity, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Metabolic Diseases, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Obesity, Child, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Glycemic, 2. Zero hunger, Anthropometry, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Physical therapy, Female, Metabolic syndrome, business, Body mass index, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract

Background The alarming progression of pediatric obesity is associated with the development of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and both exhibit similar adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes. Physical activity level (PAL) may counteract sleep and metabolic disturbances. The present study investigates i) the association between the metabolic syndrome in childhood obesity and SDB, ii) the impact of SDB severity on cardiometabolic risk scores and PAL in children with obesity. Methods Maturation status (Tanner stages), anthropometric (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body adiposity index) and cardiometabolic characteristics (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid and glycemic profiles) were assessed in 83 obese children (mean ± SD, age: 10.7 ± 2.7 years). PAL and SDB were investigated with a step test and interviews, and an overnight sleep monitor, respectively. The presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was established and continuous cardiometabolic risk scores were calculated (MetScoreBMI and MetScoreWC). Results Obese children with (61.4%) and without (38.6%) MS present similar SDB. SDB severity is associated with increased insulin concentrations, MetScoreBMI and MetScoreWC (p Conclusions In a context where no consensus exists for SDB diagnosis in children, our results suggest the influence of SDB severity on cardiometabolic risk factors. Further studies are needed to explore the association between PAL and both metabolic and sleep alterations in obese children.

Published
2017

10. Repeated Effects of Vigorous Interval Training in Basketball, Running-Biking, and Boxing on the Physical Self-Perceptions of Obese Adolescents

Author

Jean-Marc Vallier, Caroline Nicol, Olivier Rey, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Christophe Maïano, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Basketball, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030229 sport sciences, Interval training, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical therapy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Applied Psychology
Abstract

International audience; This study aims to examine the repeated effects of three sessions of vigorous interval training (VIT) in basketball, running-biking, and boxing on the physical self-perceptions (PSP) of obese adolescents participating in a dietary program. A sample of 24 obese adolescents performed the consecutive VIT sessions every week for 5 weeks. PSP were measured immediately after each training session. Analyses of covariance were used to examine changes in PSP. The results showed rapid and constant increases in PSP with significant differences according to sex, time, type of VIT, and an interaction of sex by time by type of VIT, mainly for basketball.

Published
2017

11. Food restriction alters salivary cortisol and α-amylase responses to a simulated weightlifting competition without significant performance modification

Author

Clément Bougard, Catherine Drogou, Alexandre Durguerian, Edith Filaire, Mounir Chennaoui, Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Orléans (UO), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), French Ministry of Sports (Ministere de la ville, de la Jeunesse et des Sports), French National Institute of Sports, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), French Weightlifting Federation (Federation Francaise d'Halterophilie et de Musculation, FFHM), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives ( CIAMS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne ( UNH ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes] ( INRA Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes ), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique ( VIFASOM - EA 7330 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), and Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC )

Subjects
Male, Hydrocortisone, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Pituitary-Adrenal System, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Amylase, weightlifting, physiological responses, Salivary cortisol, media_common, Anthropometry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Food restriction, restriction alimentaire, medicine.symptom, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, cortisol salivaire, medicine.medical_specialty, Competitive Behavior, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Adolescent, Weight Lifting, simulated competitions, media_common.quotation_subject, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Biology, Athletic Performance, Body weight, Competition (biology), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Animal science, Internal medicine, Weight maintenance, Weight Loss, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Saliva, réponse physiologique, Caloric Restriction, 030229 sport sciences, rapid weight loss, Physiological responses, Endocrinology, biology.protein, alpha-Amylases, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a 6-day food restriction period on the physiological responses and performance of 11 high-level weightlifters. After a period of weight maintenance (T2), they were assigned into two groups depending on whether they lost (Diet group, n = 6) or maintained their body weight (Control group, n = 5) during the course of those 6 days. An evaluation of performance and the measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations and salivary α-amylase (sAA) activity were performed during a simulated weightlifting competition which took place at T2, after a 6-day period of food restriction (T3). Dietary data were collected using a 6-day diet record. We noted a 41.8% decrease in mean energy intake during the dietary restriction period, leading to a 4.34% weight loss for the Diet group. Dietary restriction did not modify absolute performance levels, whilst a significant improvement was noted for the Control group. Furthermore, we noted a response of decreased...

Published
2017

12. Age-related decline in endurance running performance – An example of a multiple World records holder

Author

Thomas Cattagni, Romuald Lepers, Lepers, Romuald, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Competitive Behavior, History, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Age related, Task Performance and Analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Nutrition and Dietetics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Age Factors, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Athletes, Physical Fitness, Physical Endurance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

This study examined the age-related decline in endurance running performance of one of the greatest master runners ever, Ed Whitlock, who died recently. His running performances from 1500 m to marathon were analyzed for 5 periods of 5 years from 65–69 years to 85–89 years. Despite exceptional running performances for his advanced age, the rate of decline in his performances increased after 80 years and was drastically amplified after 85 years.

Published
2017

13. Uncoupling between cerebral perfusion and oxygenation during incremental exercise in an athlete with postconcussion syndrome: a case report

Author

Éric Nadreau, Sarah Imhoff, Simon Malenfant, Paul Poirier, Damian M. Bailey, Patrice Brassard, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Laboratoire Chimie Provence ( LCP ), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of South Wales ( USW ), Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Laboratoire Chimie Provence (LCP), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of South Wales (USW), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Adult, Cardiovascular Conditions, Disorders and Treatments, Central Nervous System, medicine.medical_specialty, Middle Cerebral Artery, Injury, Stress and Fatigue, Physiology, Case Report, Case Reports, Neurological Conditions, Disorders and Treatments, Incremental exercise, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebral oxygenation, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Aerobic exercise, Humans, Arterial Pressure, Exertion, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Cerebral Cortex, exercise, postconcussion syndrome, business.industry, Post-Concussion Syndrome, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Postconcussion syndrome, Respiration, 030229 sport sciences, Oxygenation, cerebral perfusion, Athletes, Physical therapy, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Blood Flow Velocity
Abstract

International audience; High-intensity exercise may pose a risk to patients with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) when symptomatic during exertion. The case of a paralympic athlete with PCS who experienced a succession of convulsion-awakening periods and reported a marked increase in postconcussion symptoms after undergoing a graded symptom-limited aerobic exercise protocol is presented. Potential mechanisms of cerebrovascular function failure are then discussed.

Published
2017

14. The effects of alpha-cypermethrin exposure on biochemical and redox parameters in pregnant rats and their newborns

Author

Leila Hocine, Meriem Youbi, Sid Ahmed Merzouk, Hafida Merzouk, Hafeda Ghorzi, Michel Narce, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
Blood Glucose, 0301 basic medicine, Lipid-Peroxidation, Insecticides, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.disease_cause, Cypermethrin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Malondialdehyde, Pyrethrins, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Alpha-cypermethrin, Alanine Transaminase, General Medicine, 030224 pathology, Glutathione, Lipids, Mitochondria, Liver, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Gestation, Alkaline phosphatase, Female, Chlorpyrifos, Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, Blood sugar, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Protective Role, Metabolic Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Neurotoxicity, Animals, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Rats, Wistar, Pesticides, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Fetus, Body Weight, medicine.disease, Rats, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Metabolism, Animals, Newborn, chemistry, Rat, Agronomy and Crop Science, Deltamethrin, Fenvalerate, Oxidative stress
Abstract

IF 2.388; International audience; Pyrethroid insecticides are extensively used in agriculture and in household activities. During pregnancy, they might affect maternal metabolic status and there after fetal development. In this work, we studied metabolic and redox effects of low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure in pregnant rats and their offspring. The diet containing alpha cypermethrin at 0.02 mg/kg/day was consumed during the entire gestation. Plasma biochemical parameters as well as liver lipid and oxidative stress markers were determined. Our results showed that alpha-cypermethrin induced an increase in body weight and in plasma glucose and lipid levels, as well as in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in pregnant rats and their newborns. Pregnant rats showed cellular oxidative stress and altered oxidant antioxidant status when treated by the insecticide and these disturbances were also seen in their newborns. In conclusion, low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure induced several metabolic and redox alterations leading to maternal physiological impairments and to fetal metabolic changes. Alpha-cypermethrin should be used with caution especially during pregnancy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

15. Towards real-time detection of cognitive effort in driving: Contribution of cardiac measurement

Author

Guillaume Pepin, Fabien Moreau, Jordan Navarro, Catherine Gabaude, Christophe Jallais, Alexandra Fort, Laboratoire Ergonomie et Sciences Cognitives pour les Transports (IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire Ergonomie et Sciences Cognitives pour les Transports ( IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Cadic, Ifsttar, Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), and Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], CHANGEMENT, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), 050105 experimental psychology, Grand mean, 03 medical and health sciences, VARIATION DU RYTHME CARDIAQUE, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Time windows, PSYCHOLOGIE COGNITIVE, Heart rate, medicine, CONDUITE DU VEHICULE, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, General Psychology, Applied Psychology, Simulation, COGNITIVE EFFORT, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Cardiac deceleration, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, ATTENTION, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognitive effort, Cognition, DRIVING, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Cardiac measurement, EFFORT COGNITIF, REPONSE CARDIAQUE EVOQUEE, Industrial relations, HEART RATE CHANGE, [ SCCO ] Cognitive science, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, EVOKED CARDIAC RESPONSE
Abstract

En 2013, on estime que 40 à 50% des accidents corporels seraient dus à des défauts d'attention de la part du conducteur. Des études récentes ont mis en évidence la possibilité de détecter des états attentionnels dégradés afin de pouvoir mieux assister le conducteur ; ce thème de recherche représente donc un nouveau gisement de sécurité routière. Cette étude se concentre sur la détection de l'effort cognitif fournit par les conducteurs et cherche, par l'étude de la variation du rythme cardiaque, à identifier un indicateur d'effort sensible sur de courtes fenêtres temporelles.Chacun des 18 participants a passé 8 conditions expérimentales sur simulateur de conduite : la moitié où seule une tâche de comptage était demandée et l'autre moitié en réalisant une tâche supplémentaire de conduite sur simulateur. Il a été demandé aux participants soit d'effectuer la tâche cognitive soit de se relaxer et de ne pas prêter attention aux stimuli présentés (Effort Vs. Relaxation). Afin de réaliser la tâche de comptage, deux types de stimuli auditifs ont été présentés aux participants. Les participants ont effectué les conditions expérimentales dans des ordres partiellement contrebalancés. Le rythme cardiaque et la respiration ont été collectés.Les résultats de différents auteurs ont été répliqués y compris en conduite automobile. Dans les secondes qui suivent un effort cognitif, une légère décélération du rythme cardiaque puis une forte accélération ont été mises en évidence. A l'inverse, en condition de relaxation, une simple décélération cardiaque a été observée. Au terme de notre étude, il s'avère qu'il est possible de distinguer des patterns cardiaques d'effort et de relaxation sur de courtes fenêtre temporelle en observant la variation du rythme cardiaque moyenné sur un nombre conséquent d'épisodes. Toutefois, dans l'objectif de développer des systèmes capables de détecter en temps réel un effort cognitif important, ces dispositifs devront être capables de visualiser l'effort sur un unique évènement. Une piste intéressante consisterait à explorer la faisabilité de la suppression de l'influence de la respiration sur la variation du rythme cardiaque. Si cela s'avère efficace, des assistances pourraient ainsi permettre d'alerter le conducteur ou de pallier ses erreurs lorsque celui-ci ne peut plus assurer la tâche de conduite en raison d'un effort cognitif important.

Published
2016

16. Dual regulation of the native ClC-K2 chloride channel in the distal nephron by voltage and pH

Author

Aurélie Edwards, Marc Paulais, Laurent Pinelli, Jacques Teulon, Stéphane Lourdel, Antoine Nissant, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), and HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.UN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 0301 basic medicine, Male, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Intracellular pH, Anion Transport Proteins, Gating, Sodium Chloride, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Chlorides, Chloride Channels, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Animals, Intercalated Cell, Research Articles, Epithelial polarity, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Chemistry, urogenital system, Cell Membrane, Depolarization, Nephrons, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, [SDV.MHEP.UN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, Connecting tubule, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, Chloride channel, Biophysics, Calcium, Ion Channel Gating, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Intracellular, Research Article
Abstract

ClC-K2 is present on the basolateral membrane of kidney epithelial cells, but little is known about its single channel properties. Pinelli et al. record unitary ClC-K2 currents from intercalated cells of mouse connecting tubules and investigate their regulation by voltage, pH, Cl−, and Ca2+., ClC-K2, a member of the ClC family of Cl− channels and transporters, forms the major basolateral Cl− conductance in distal nephron epithelial cells and therefore plays a central role in renal Cl− absorption. However, its regulation remains largely unknown because of the fact that recombinant ClC-K2 has not yet been studied at the single-channel level. In the present study, we investigate the effects of voltage, pH, Cl−, and Ca2+ on native ClC-K2 in the basolateral membrane of intercalated cells from the mouse connecting tubule. The ∼10-pS channel shows a steep voltage dependence such that channel activity increases with membrane depolarization. Intracellular pH (pHi) and extracellular pH (pHo) differentially modulate the voltage dependence curve: alkaline pHi flattens the curve by causing an increase in activity at negative voltages, whereas alkaline pHo shifts the curve toward negative voltages. In addition, pHi, pHo, and extracellular Ca2+ strongly increase activity, mainly because of an increase in the number of active channels with a comparatively minor effect on channel open probability. Furthermore, voltage alters both the number of active channels and their open probability, whereas intracellular Cl− has little influence. We propose that changes in the number of active channels correspond to them entering or leaving an inactivated state, whereas modulation of open probability corresponds to common gating by these channels. We suggest that pH, through the combined effects of pHi and pHo on ClC-K2, might be a key regulator of NaCl absorption and Cl−/HCO3− exchange in type B intercalated cells.

Published
2016

17. Do Stretch Durations Affect Muscle Mechanical and Neurophysiological Properties?

Author

Jules Opplert, Nicolas Babault, J.-B. Genty, Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] ( CEP ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, M wave, Stiffness index, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Plantar flexion, Static stretching, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, stiffness, 0302 clinical medicine, Muscle Stretching Exercises, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, H reflex, Muscle, Skeletal, soleus, dose-response, Foot, Chemistry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, Neurophysiology, Fascicle, Torque, Isokinetic dynamometer, medicine.symptom, H-reflex, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The aim of the study was to determine whether stretching durations influence acute changes of mechanical and neurophysiological properties of plantar flexor muscles. Plantar flexors of 10 active males were stretched in passive conditions on an isokinetic dynamometer. Different durations of static stretching were tested in 5 randomly ordered experimental trials (1, 2, 3, 4 and 10×30-s). Fascicle stiffness index, evoked contractile properties and spinal excitability (Hmax/Mmax) were examined before (PRE), immediately after (POST0) and 5 min after (POST5) stretching. No stretch duration effect was recorded for any variable. Moreover, whatever the stretching duration, stiffness index, peak twitch torque and rate of force development were significantly lower at POST0 and POST5 as compared to PRE (P

Published
2016

18. Effects of Constant and Doublet Frequency Electrical Stimulation Patterns on Force Production of Knee Extensor Muscles

Author

Carole Cometti, Nicolas Babault, Gaëlle Deley, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] ( CEP ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] (CEP), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Male, contractions, Muscle Physiology, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Contraction (grammar), Knee Joint, Refractory Period, Electrophysiological, Physiology, Refractory period, Knees, lcsh:Medicine, Stimulation, Knee Joints, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Endoplasmic Reticulum, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, Spinal Cord Injury, Musculoskeletal System, Trauma Medicine, Physics, Secretory Pathway, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Classical Mechanics, Anatomy, Neurology, Cell Processes, Physical Sciences, Muscle Fatigue, Legs, spinal-cord-injury, Cellular Structures and Organelles, medicine.symptom, adaptations, Traumatic Injury, individuals, Research Article, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Adult, human skeletal-muscle, Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures, trains, Motion, 03 medical and health sciences, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnostic Medicine, Isometric Contraction, Sarcoplasmic Reticula, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Functional electrical stimulation, Muscle, Skeletal, potentiation, Functional Electrical Stimulation, Muscle fatigue, lcsh:R, Limbs (Anatomy), Biology and Life Sciences, Cell Biology, 030229 sport sciences, Electric Stimulation, Joints (Anatomy), Torque, recruitment, responses, lcsh:Q, fatigue, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study compared knee extensors' neuromuscular fatigue in response to two 30-minute stimulation patterns: constant frequency train (CFT) and doublet frequency train (DFT). Fifteen men underwent two separate sessions corresponding to each pattern. Measurements included torque evoked by each contraction and maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) measured before and immediately after the stimulation sessions. In addition, activation level and torque evoked during doublets (Pd) and tetanic contractions at 80-Hz (P80) and 20-Hz (P20) were determined in six subjects. Results indicated greater mean torque during the DFT stimulation session as compared with CFT. But, no difference was obtained between the two stimulation patterns for MVC and evoked torque decreases. Measurements conducted in the subgroup depicted a significant reduction of Pd, P20 and P80. Statistical analyses also revealed bigger P20 immediate reductions after CFT than after DFT. We concluded that DFT could be a useful stimulation pattern to produce and maintain greater force with quite similar fatigue than CFT.

Published
2016

19. Monitoring stress and recovery states: Structural and external stages of the short version of the RESTQ sport in elite swimmers before championships

Author

Laurent Mourot, Philippe Vacher, Michel Nicolas, Guillaume Martinent, Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport (SPMS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] (PSY-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) (L-VIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] ( PSY-DREPI ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport ( SPMS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) ( L-VIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Monitoring, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Stress, Confirmatory factor analysis, lcsh:GV557-1198.995, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Recovery, Heart rate, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Heart rate variability, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Competitive sport, lcsh:Sports medicine, Championship, Adaptation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Maladaptation, lcsh:Sports, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 030229 sport sciences, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Physical therapy, Original Article, Analysis of variance, lcsh:RC1200-1245, Training program, Psychology, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background: Psychological stress and recovery monitoring is a key issue for increasing athletes' health, well-being, and performance. This multi-study report examined changes and the dose–response relationships between recovery–stress psychological states, training load (TL), heart rate (HR), heart rate recovery (HRR), and heart rate variability (HRV) while providing evidence for the factorial validity of a short French version of the Recovery–Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-36-R-Sport). Methods: Four hundred and seventy-three university athletes (Study 1), 72 full expert swimmers (Study 2), and 11 national to international swimmers (Study 3) participated in the study. Data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analyses (Study 1), repeated ANOVAs and correlational analyses (Study 2), t tests and correlational analyses (Study 3). Results: Multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses showed that the RESTQ-36-R-Sport scores were partially invariant across gender, type of sport, and practice level (Study 1). A dose–response relationship was performed between TL and RESTQ-36-R-Sport scores during an ecological training program (Study 2). Finally, relationships were found between physiological (HRR) and psychological (RESTQ-36-R-Sport) states during an ecological tapering period leading to a national championship (Study 3). Conclusion: As a whole, these findings provided evidence for the usefulness of the short version of the RESTQ-36-R-Sport for regular monitoring to prevent potential maladaptation due to intensive competitive sport practice. Keywords: Adaptation, Confirmatory factor analysis, Heart rate variability, Monitoring, Recovery, Stress

Published
2016

20. A new method to calculate external mechanical work using force-platform data in ecological situations in humans: Application to Parkinson's disease

Author

Vincent Gigot, Thomas Mouillot, Laurent Brondel, Davy Laroche, Matthieu Rosse, Agnès Jacquin-Piques, Virginie Van Wymelbeke, Michel Tavan, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de médecine gériatrique (CHU de Dijon - Centre gériatrique de Champmaillot - EHPAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie (CHU de Dijon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UR Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Brondel, Laurent

Subjects
Adult, Male, External mechanical work, Piezoelectric sensor, Computer science, Parkinson's disease, Biophysics, Médecine humaine et pathologie, Models, Biological, Signal, Displacement (vector), Human physical activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, Physiologie, Simulation, energy expenditure, external mechanical work, human physical activity, parkinson's disease, work efficiency, Signal processing, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Work (physics), Pendulum, Parkinson Disease, Work efficiency, 030229 sport sciences, Filter (signal processing), Biomechanical Phenomena, Case-Control Studies, physiology, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Exercise Test, Human health and pathology, Energy expenditure, Energy Metabolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background and aim To accurately quantify the cost of physical activity and to evaluate the different components of energy expenditure in humans, it is necessary to evaluate external mechanical work ( W EXT ). Large platform systems surpass other currently used techniques. Here, we describe a calculation method for force-platforms to calculate long-term W EXT . Methods Each force-platform (2.46 × 1.60 m and 3.80 × 2.48 m) rests on 4 piezoelectric sensors. During long periods of recording, a drift in the speed of displacement of the center of mass (necessary to calculate W EXT ) is generated. To suppress this drift, wavelet decomposition is used to low-pass filter the source signal. By using wavelet decomposition coefficients, the source signal can be recovered. To check the validity of W EXT calculations after signal processing, an oscillating pendulum system was first used; then, 10 healthy subjects performed a standardized exercise (squatting exercise). A medical application is also reported in eight Parkinsonian patients during the timed “get-up and go” test and compared with the same test in ten healthy subjects. Results Values of W EXT with the oscillating pendulum showed that the system was accurate and reliable. During the squatting exercise, the average measured W EXT was 0.4% lower than theoretical work. W EXT and mechanical work efficiency during the “get-up and go” test in Parkinson's disease patients in comparison with that of healthy subjects were very coherent. Conclusions This method has numerous applications for studying physical activity and mechanical work efficiency in physiological and pathological conditions.

Published
2016

21. Towards human exploration of space: the THESEUS review series on cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal research priorities

Author

Stéphane Blanc, Irina André E. Larina, Olivier White, Kim Prisk, Dag Linnarsson, André Aubert, Iman Momken, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice ( UBIAE ), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of biomedical problems, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice (UBIAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), University of California (UC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Gaillard, Brigitte

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Medicine (miscellaneous), astronauts, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Space exploration, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Deep space missions, InformationSystems_GENERAL, 0302 clinical medicine, blood-pressure, [ SHS.INFO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, European commission, Space research, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, exercise, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Expert group, central venous-pressure, Editorial, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Engineering ethics, [ SDV.MHEP.HEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Materials Science (miscellaneous), [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], long-duration spaceflight, Relevance (information retrieval), heart-rate, Simulation, business.industry, Principal (computer security), [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, 030229 sport sciences, microgravity, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, station, foot forces, orthostatic intolerance, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract

International audience; The THESEUS project (Towards Human Exploration of Space: aEUropean Strategy) was initiated within the seventh FrameworkProgramme by the European Commission. This project aimed toprovide a cross-cutting, life science-based roadmap for Europe’sstrategy towards human exploration of space, especially for deepspace missions and its relevance to applications on Earth. Toaddress these challenges, relevance of space research on thecardiovascular system, the lungs and kidneys, was discussed in anexpert group and its principal conclusions will be presented in thisarticle.

Published
2016

22. Salivary Hormones Response to Preparation and Pre-competitive Training of World-class Level Athletes

Author

Nicolas Gendreau, Dominique Bonneau, Gaël Guilhem, Christine Hanon, Arnaud Guével, Mounir Chennaoui, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) ( SEP (EA7370) ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique ( VIFASOM - EA 7330 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Université de Nantes ( UN ), Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Immunoglobulin A, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, education, chromogranin A, immunoglobulin A, lcsh:Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Kinase activity, Testosterone, Original Research, lcsh:QP1-981, biology, business.industry, Athletes, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], creatine kinase, athletics training, Chromogranin A, alpha-amylase, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Endocrinology, Mood, biology.protein, Creatine kinase, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hormone
Abstract

International audience; This study aimed to compare the response of salivary hormones of track and field athletes induced by preparation and pre-competitive training periods in an attempt to comment on the physiological effects consistent with the responses of each of the proteins measured. Salivary testosterone, cortisol, alpha-amylase, immunoglobulin A (IgA), chromogranin A, blood creatine kinase activity, and profile of mood state were assessed at rest in 24 world-class level athletes during preparation (3 times in 3 months) and pre-competitive (5 times in 5 weeks) training periods. Total mood disturbance and fatigue perception were reduced, while IgA (+61%) and creatine kinase activity (+43%) increased, and chromogranin A decreased (−27%) during pre-competitive compared to preparation period. A significant increase in salivary testosterone (+9 to +15%) and a decrease in testosterone/cortisol ratio were associated with a progressive reduction in training load during pre-competitive period (P < 0.05). None of the psycho-physiological parameters were significantly correlated to training load during the pre-competitive period. Results showed a lower adrenocortical response and autonomic activity, and an improvement of immunity status, in response to the reduction in training load and fatigue, without significant correlations of salivary hormones with training load. Our findings suggest that saliva composition is sensitive to training contents (season period) but could not be related to workload resulting from track and field athletics training.

Published
2015

23. In vivo estimates of NO and CO conductance for haemoglobin and for lung transfer in humans

Author

Sebastien Martin, Sophie Lalande, Bertrand Maury, Jean-Benoit Martinot, Hervé Guénard, C. Kays, Neuroimagerie en psychiatrie (U1000), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), IFR de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (IFR 49), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Mathématiques Appliquées Paris 5 (MAP5 - UMR 8145), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions (INSMI)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (LM-Orsay), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (INA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroimagerie en psychiatrie ( U1000 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), IFR de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle ( IFR 49 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Mathématiques Appliquées à Paris 5 ( MAP5 - UMR 8145 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay ( LM-Orsay ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de l'Audiovisuel ( INA ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Capillary action, Diffusion, Thermodynamics, Nitric Oxide, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, 03 medical and health sciences, Hemoglobins, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], medicine, Gas exchange, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Pressure, Humans, Lung volumes, [ MATH.MATH-ST ] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Lung, Aged, Nitrogen monoxide, Carbon Monoxide, Chemistry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Pulmonary Gas Exchange, General Neuroscience, Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity, Models, Cardiovascular, Conductance, Middle Aged, Surgery, Capillaries, Oxygen, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Linear Models, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Linear equation, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract

International audience; Membrane conductance (Dm) and capillary lung volume (Vc) derived from NO and CO lung transfer measurements in humans depend on the blood conductance (θ) values of both gases. Many θ values have been proposed in the literature. In the present study, measurements of CO and NO transfer while breathing 15% or 21% O2 allowed the estimation of θNO and the calculation of the optimal equation relating 1/θCO to pulmonary capillary oxygen pressure (PcapO2). In 10 healthy subjects, the mean calculated θNO value was similar to the θNO value previously reported in the literature (4.5mmHgmin(-1)) provided that one among three θCO equations from the literature was chosen. Setting 1/θCO=a·PcapO2+b, optimal values of a and b could be chosen using two methods: 1) by minimizing the difference between Dm/Vc ratios for any PcapO2, 2) by establishing a linear equation relating a and b. Using these methods, we are proposing the equation 1/θCO=0.0062·PcapO2+1.16, which is similar to two equations previously reported in the literature. With this set of θ values, DmCO reached the morphometric range.

Published
2015

24. Electrical stimulation for testing neuromuscular function: from sport to pathology

Author

Vincent Martin, Guillaume Y. Millet, Samuel Verges, Alain Martin, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Motricité - Plasticité, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne ( AME2P ), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION, INTERPOLATED TWITCH TECHNIQUE, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Neuromuscular Junction, Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological, Stimulation, Electromyography, Models, Biological, Neuromuscular junction, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, KNEE EXTENSOR MUSCLES, Physiology (medical), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, PHRENIC-NERVE STIMULATION, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Motor Neurons, LOW-FREQUENCY FATIGUE, Sarcolemma, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, HUMAN QUADRICEPS FEMORIS, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, BICEPS-BRACHII MUSCLE, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Neuromuscular Diseases, PROLONGED RUNNING EXERCISE, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Anatomy, HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE, Electric Stimulation, Intensity (physics), HUMAN MUSCLE FATIGUE, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Reflex, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sports
Abstract

Import JabRef | WosArea Physiology; Sport Sciences; International audience; The use of electrical stimulation (ES) can contribute to our knowledge of how our neuromuscular system can adapt to physical stress or unloading. Although it has been recently challenged, the standard technique used to explore central modifications is the twitch interpolated method which consists in superimposing single twitches or high-frequency doublets on a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and to compare the superimposed response to the potentiated response obtained from the relaxed muscle. Alternative methods consist in (1) superimposing a train of stimuli (central activation ratio), (2) comparing the MVC response to the force evoked by a high-frequency tetanus or (3) examining the change in maximal EMG response during voluntary contractions, if this variable is normalized to the maximal M wave, i.e. EMG response to a single stimulus. ES is less used to examine supraspinal factors but it is useful for investigating changes at the spinal level, either by using H reflexes, F waves or cervicomedullary motor-evoked potentials. Peripheral changes can be examined with ES, usually by stimulating the muscle in the relaxed state. Neuromuscular propagation of action potentials on the sarcolemma (M wave, high-frequency fatigue), excitation-contraction coupling (e.g. low-frequency fatigue) and intrinsic force (high-frequency stimulation at supramaximal intensity) can all be used to non-invasively explore muscular function with ES. As for all indirect methods, there are limitations and these are discussed in this review. Finally, (1) ES as a method to measure respiratory muscle function and (2) the comparison between electrical and magnetic stimulation will also be considered.

Published
2011

25. Circulatory effects of apnoea in elite breath-hold divers

Author

Pierre Fontanari, Pierre Barthélémy, Fabrice Joulia, Frédéric Lemaître, Marie-Laure Mille, Université de Toulon (UTLN), Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University [Evanston]-Northwestern University [Evanston], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Francis PERRIN (LFP - URA 2453), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dysoxie, suractivité : aspects cellulaires et intégratifs thérapeutiques (DS-ACI / UMR MD2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biomodélisation et Ingénierie des Handicaps - EA 4322 ( HANDIBIO ), Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Association pour Promotion de la Recherche sur l’Apnée et les Activités Subaquatique ( APRAAS ), Dysoxie, suractivité : aspects cellulaires et intégratifs thérapeutiques ( DS-ACI / UMR MD2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d’études des transformations des activités physiques et sportives ( CETAPS ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société ( IRIHS ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire ( SCV-AP-MM Marseille ), Hôpital Nord AP‐MM Marseille, France ( AP‐MM Marseille ), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire de Biomodélisation et Ingénierie des Handicaps - EA 4322 (HANDIBIO), Association pour Promotion de la Recherche sur l’Apnée et les Activités Subaquatique (APRAAS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’études des transformations des activités physiques et sportives (CETAPS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire (SCV-AP-MM Marseille), Hôpital Nord AP‐MM Marseille, France (AP‐MM Marseille), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)

Subjects
Male, Bradycardia, Apnea, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diving, Hemodynamics, Poison control, Perfusion scanning, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.artery, Heart rate, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], blood flow, Humans, Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], hypoxia, business.industry, Brain, Blood flow, Adaptation, Physiological, apnoea response, respiratory tract diseases, Carotid Arteries, Athletes, Regional Blood Flow, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Anesthesia, Circulatory system, Respiratory Mechanics, medicine.symptom, Internal carotid artery, business, oxygen conservation, Blood Flow Velocity, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Voluntary apnoea induces several physiological adaptations, including bradycardia, arterial hypertension and redistribution of regional blood flows. Elite breath-hold divers (BHDs) are able to maintain very long apnoea, inducing severe hypoxaemia without brain injury or black-out. It has thus been hypothesized that they develop protection mechanisms against hypoxia, as well as a decrease in overall oxygen uptake. Methods: To test this hypothesis, the apnoea response was studied in BHDs and non-divers (NDs) during static and dynamic apnoeas (SA, DA). Heart arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)), and popliteal artery blood flow were rate, recorded to investigate the oxygen-conserving effect of apnoea response, and the internal carotid artery blood flow was used to examine the mechanisms of cerebral protection. Results: The bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction were accentuated in BHDs compared with NDs (P < 0.01), in association with a smaller SaO(2) decrease (-2.7% vs. -4.9% during SA, P < 0.01 and -6% vs. -11.3% during DA, P < 0.01). Greater increase in carotid artery blood flow was also measured during apnoea in BHDs than in controls. Conclusion: These results confirm that elite divers present a potentiation of the well-known apnoea response in both SA and DA conditions. This response is associated with higher brain perfusion which may partly explain the high levels of world apnoea records.

Published
2009

26. The Influence of Timing of Administration on the Analgesic Efficacy of Parecoxib in Orthopedic Surgery

Author

Daniel I. Sessler, Marcel Chauvin, K. Cherif, Adel Jamal, Valeria Martinez, Aithem Jaber, Anissa Belbachir, Dominique Fletcher, Yves Ozier, Hoch, Martine, Service d'anesthésie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Service de réanimation médicale polyvalente [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Department of OUTCOMES RESEARCH, University of Louisville-OUTCOMES RESEARCH Institute, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP]

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH : Aged, MESH : Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, MESH : Orthopedic Procedures, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, 030202 anesthesiology, law, MESH: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Orthopedic Procedures, MESH : Female, MESH: Pain, Postoperative, MESH: Aged, Pain, Postoperative, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH : Pain, Postoperative, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Anesthesia, Female, MESH : Time Factors, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual analogue scale, MESH : Male, MESH : Isoxazoles, Analgesic, Placebo, Article, MESH: Orthopedic Procedures, 03 medical and health sciences, Parecoxib, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Aged, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Time Factors, Isoxazoles, Perioperative, Arthroplasty, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH: Analgesia, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, MESH: Isoxazoles, MESH : Analgesia, Morphine, Analgesia, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Parecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, may reduce postoperative pain without increasing bleeding when administered before surgery. METHODS: We randomly assigned 62 patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty to the following IV dosing schedule: 1) placebo at induction, at wound closure, and 12 h after induction (control); 2) parecoxib 40 mg at induction, placebo at wound closure, and parecoxib 40 mg 12 h after induction (pre); or, 3) placebo at induction, parecoxib 40 mg at wound closure, and parecoxib 40 mg 12 h after induction (post). Pain scores at rest and with movement were recorded every 4 h for 24 h using a visual analog scale. Treatment side effects were recorded every 4 h. Red cell loss for 5 days after surgery was calculated. RESULTS: Postoperative pain scores were less in the pre and post groups than in the control group. Postoperative bleeding was similar in the three groups. There were no significant differences between the pre and post groups, nor was their any trend suggesting a preemptive analgesic efficacy from preincision administration of parecoxib. Morphine use in the Postanesthesia Care Unit was reduced in the pre and post groups compared with the control group (14.2 +/- 2.0, and 15.7 +/- 2.0, vs 20.4 +/- 2.3 mg), although the trend was only significant (P < 0.05) in the pre group. The first pain score was also reduced in the pre and post groups compared to the control group (56.1 +/- 7.5 and 64.2 +/- 7.0 vs 78.3 +/- 5), but this was also only significant for the pre group (P = 0.001). The delay for first analgesic demand was increased for both the pre and post group compared to the control group (38 +/- 9 and 28.2 +/- 6.6 vs 18 +/- 6 min) but, again, this was only significant for the pre group (P = 0.05). Twenty-four hour consumption of morphine was similar in the pre (26 +/- 12 mg) and post groups (25 +/- 13 mg); both were significantly less than in the control group (47 +/- 27 mg, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of parecoxib before hip arthroplasty did not provide preemptive analgesia. There was a trend towards improved analgesia immediately after surgery with preincision administration, consistent with the expected time course of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug's effect. Perioperative parecoxib administration, consisting of two injections spaced 12 h apart, improved postoperative analgesia over the first 24 h without increasing bleeding.

Published
2007

27. Acceleration Capability in Elite Sprinters and Ground Impulse : Push More, Brake Less?

Author

Antoine Couturier, Eduardo Saez de Villareal, Giuseppe Rabita, Sylvain Dorel, Jean-Benoit Morin, Pierre Samozino, Jean Slawinski, Matt Brughelli, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Auckland University of Technology ( AUT ), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP )

Subjects
Male, Ground reaction force, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Acceleration, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Impulse (physics), Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Linear regression, Brake, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Simulation, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, Mechanical Phenomena, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Mechanics, Biomechanical Phenomena, Sprint, Sprint start, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Epub 2015 Jul 17; Overground sprint studies have shown the importance of net horizontal ground reaction force impulse (IMPH) for acceleration performance, but only investigated one or two steps over the acceleration phase, and not in elite sprinters. The main aim of this study was to distinguish between propulsive (IMPH+) and braking (IMPH−) components of the IMPH and seek whether, for an expected higher IMPH, faster elite sprinters produce greater IMPH+, smaller IMPH−, or both.Nine high-level sprinters (100-m best times range: 9.95–10.60 s) performed 7 sprints (2×10 m, 2×15 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m) during which ground reaction force was measured by a 6.60 m force platform system. By placing the starting-blocks further from the force plates at each trial, and pooling the data, we could assess the mechanics of an entire “virtual” 40-m acceleration.IMPH and IMPH+ were significantly correlated with 40-m mean speed (r=0.868 and 0.802, respectively; P

Published
2015

28. Aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Concomitant evaluation of interleukin-2, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and correlation with outcome

Author

Alain Monnereau, Elizabeth Fabre-Guillevin, Pierre Soubeyran, Valérie Coulon, Houchingue Eghbali, Isabelle Soubeyran, Reza Tabrizi, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou ( HEGP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Plateforme de génétique moléculaire des cancers d'Aquitaine, Institut Bergonié - CRLCC Bordeaux, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], and UNICANCER-UNICANCER

Subjects
Male, [ SDV.MHEP.UN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, Oncology, Cancer Research, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 0302 clinical medicine, International Prognostic Index, hemic and lymphatic diseases, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, [INFO.INFO-GT]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], biology, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Hematology, Middle Aged, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Interleukin-10, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Interleukin 10, Treatment Outcome, [ SCCO.COMP ] Cognitive science/Computer science, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, medicine.drug, Adult, Interleukin 2, [ INFO.INFO-MO ] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, [ SDV.BC.IC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], 03 medical and health sciences, [ INFO.INFO-BI ] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, education, Interleukin 6, Interleukin 4, Aged, Interleukin-6, business.industry, Receptors, Interleukin-2, medicine.disease, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, [ INFO.INFO-GT ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], Immunology, biology.protein, Interleukin-2, Interleukin-4, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of a large panel of cytokines in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and to confront it to parameters of the International Prognostic Index (IPI). It investigated the concomitant determination of interleukin-2 (IL-2), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) on a uniform population of 116 previously untreated patients. Commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay kits were used for cytokines measurements. Results were correlated with complete remission (CR), overall survival (OS) and failure free survival (FFS). In univariate analysis, sIL-2R and IL-6 demonstrated prognostic significance for CR (p = 0.016 and p = 0.048), OS (p = 0.0011 and p = 0.0387) and FFS (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0363), but multi-variate analysis failed to demonstrate an independent prognostic significance. In the intermediate group risk defined by IPI, patients presenting high level of sIL-2R or IL-6 demonstrated lower CR rate and survival than those with low level. In conclusion, sIL-2R and IL-6 serum levels are elevated in high grade NHL and are correlated to CR, OS and FFS, but this study did not support their independent prognostic value. However, sIL-2R and IL-6 measurements may improve risk assignment by IPI and allow a better prognostic evaluation of patients with intermediate prognosis NHL.

Published
2006

29. Guideline-concordant administration of prothrombin complex concentrate and vitamin K is associated with decreased mortality in patients with severe bleeding under vitamin K antagonist treatment (EPAHK study)

Author

Karim, Tazarourte, Bruno, Riou, Benjamin, Tremey, Charles-Marc, Samama, Eric, Vicaut, Bernard, Vigué, Arnaud, Delahaye, Service d'Aide Médicale Urgente 77 (SAMU 77), Centre hospitalier Marc Jacquet (Melun), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation [Ambroise Paré], Clinique Ambroise Paré, Service d'Anesthésie et de Soins Intensifs, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service de Statistiques, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service d'Anesthésie et de Soins Intensifs [Bicêtre], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, EPAHK study group, Service d'Aide Médicale Urgente 77 ( SAMU 77 ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP]-Hôtel-Dieu-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and BMC, Ed.

Subjects
Male, Vitamin, medicine.medical_specialty, Vitamin K, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.drug_class, Hemorrhage, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Prospective Studies, Mortality, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Odds ratio, Guideline, Middle Aged, Vitamin K antagonist, Prothrombin complex concentrate, Blood Coagulation Factors, 3. Good health, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Cohort, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, medicine.drug, Cohort study
Abstract

Introduction: In vitamin K antagonist (VKA)-treated patients with severe hemorrhage, guidelines recommend prompt VKA reversal with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) and vitamin K. The aim of this observational cohort study was to evaluate the impact of guideline concordant administration of PCC and vitamin K on seven-day mortality. Methods: Data from consecutive patients treated with PCC were prospectively collected in 44 emergency departments. Type of hemorrhage, coagulation parameters, type of treatment and seven-day mortality mortality were recorded. Guideline-concordant administration of PCC and vitamin K (GC-PCC-K) were defined by at least 20 IU/kg factor IX equivalent PCC and at least 5 mg of vitamin K performed within a predefined time frame of eight hours after admission. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the effect of appropriate reversal on seven-day mortality in all patients and in those with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Results: Data from 822 VKA-treated patients with severe hemorrhage were collected over 14 months. Bleeding was gastrointestinal (32%), intracranial (32%), muscular (13%), and “other” (23%). In the whole cohort, seven-day mortality was 13% and 33% in patients with ICH. GC-PCC-K was performed in 38% of all patients and 44% of ICH patients. Multivariate analysis showed a two-fold decrease in seven-day mortality in patients with GC-PCC-K (odds ratio (OR) = 2.15 (1.20 to 3.88); P = 0.011); this mortality reduction was also observed when only ICH was considered (OR = 3.23 (1.53 to 6.79); P = 0.002). Conclusions: Guideline-concordant VKA reversal with PCC and vitamin K within eight hours after admission was associated with a significant decrease in seven-day mortality.

Published
2014

30. Resting and active motor thresholds versus stimulus–response curves to determine transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity in quadriceps femoris

Author

John Temesi, Samuel Verges, Thomas Rupp, Mathieu Gruet, Guillaume Y. Millet, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire HP2, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Human Performance, University of Calgary, Rhône-Alpes Region, Fonds de Dotation Recherche en Santé Respiratoire, appel d'offres 2011, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), BMC, Ed., Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Vastus medialis, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Health Informatics, Stimulation, Electromyography, Stimulus (physiology), Stimulus intensity determination, Quadriceps Muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Methodological considerations, Fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Rehabilitation, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Motor Cortex, 030229 sport sciences, Evoked Potentials, Motor, C600, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Coactivation, body regions, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Physical therapy, medicine.symptom, Psychology, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Motor cortex
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a widely-used investigative technique in motor cortical evaluation. Recently, there has been a surge in TMS studies evaluating lower-limb fatigue. TMS intensity of 120-130% resting motor threshold (RMT) and 120% active motor threshold (AMT) and TMS intensity determined using stimulus-response curves during muscular contraction have been used in these studies. With the expansion of fatigue research in locomotion, the quadriceps femoris is increasingly of interest. It is important to select a stimulus intensity appropriate to evaluate the variables, including voluntary activation, being measured in this functionally important muscle group. This study assessed whether selected quadriceps TMS stimulus intensity determined by frequently employed methods is similar between methods and muscles. METHODS: Stimulus intensity in vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscles was determined by RMT, AMT (i.e. during brief voluntary contractions at 10% maximal voluntary force, MVC) and maximal motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude from stimulus-response curves during brief voluntary contractions at 10, 20 and 50% MVC at different stimulus intensities. RESULTS: Stimulus intensity determined from a 10% MVC stimulus-response curve and at 120 and 130% RMT was higher than stimulus intensity at 120% AMT (lowest) and from a 50% MVC stimulus-response curve (p < 0.05). Stimulus intensity from a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve was similar to 120% RMT and 50% MVC stimulus-response curve. Mean stimulus intensity for stimulus-response curves at 10, 20 and 50% MVC corresponded to approximately 135, 115 and 100% RMT and 180, 155 and 130% AMT, respectively. Selected stimulus intensity was similar between muscles for all methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Similar optimal stimulus intensity and maximal MEP amplitudes at 20 and 50% MVC and the minimal risk of residual fatigue at 20% MVC suggest that a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve is appropriate for determining TMS stimulus intensity in the quadriceps femoris. The higher selected stimulus intensities at 120-130% RMT have the potential to cause increased coactivation and discomfort and the lower stimulus intensity at 120% AMT may underestimate evoked responses. One muscle may also act as a surrogate in determining optimal quadriceps femoris stimulation intensity.

Published
2014

31. Neuromuscular Fatigue Is Not Different between Constant and Variable Frequency Stimulation

Author

Alain Martin, Alain Varray, Maria Papaiordanidou, Maxime Billot, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Euromov ( EuroMov ), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM )

Subjects
Male, Anatomy and Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, Electromyography, CELLULAR MECHANISMS, ACTIVATION, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, VOLUNTARY, Human Performance, Psychology, Evoked potential, Musculoskeletal System, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, CALCIUM STORES, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Chemistry, PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION, HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE, Healthy Volunteers, Electrophysiology, Mental Health, Neuromuscular fatigue, EXCITABILITY, Muscle Fatigue, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Cardiology, Muscle, Medicine, [ SCCO ] Cognitive science, medicine.symptom, Muscle Contraction, Research Article, Muscle contraction, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Research Design, Science, QUADRICEPS MUSCLE, Neurological System, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Sports and Exercise Medicine, Biology, Soleus muscle, Behavior, Survey Research, CONTRACTIONS, 030229 sport sciences, ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Electric Stimulation, Intensity (physics), Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study compared fatigue development of the triceps surae induced by two electrical stimulation protocols composed of constant and variable frequency trains (CFTs, VFTs, 450 trains, 30 Hz, 167 ms ON, 500 ms OFF and 146 ms ON, 500 ms OFF respectively). For the VFTs protocol a doublet (100 Hz) was used at the beginning of each train. The intensity used evoked 30% of a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and was defined using CFTs. Neuromuscular tests were performed before and after each protocol. Changes in excitation-contraction coupling were assessed by analysing the M-wave [at rest (M-max) and during MVC (M-sup)] and associated peak twitch (Pt). H-reflex [at rest (H-max) and during MVC (H-sup)] and the motor evoked potential (MEP) during MVC were studied to assess spinal and corticospinal excitability of the soleus muscle. MVC decrease was similar between the protocols (28%, P

Published
2014

32. Incidence, risk factors and prediction of post-operative acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery for active infective endocarditis: an observational study

Author

Isabelle Podglajen, Mark J. van der Laan, Jean-Luc Mainardi, Maya L. Petersen, Anne Rosa, Jean-Noël Fabiani, Romain Pirracchio, Matthieu Legrand, D. Safran, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Paule Fernandez-Gerlinger, Service d'anesthésie réanimation, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de réanimation médicale [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Biomarqueurs CArdioNeuroVASCulaires (BioCANVAS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), School of Public Health, Biostatistique et épidemiologie clinique, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de chirurgie cardiaque et vasculaire [CHU HEGP], Laboratoire de microbiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), BMC, Ed., Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ), Biomarqueurs CArdioNeuroVASCulaires ( BioCANVAS ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of California [Berkeley], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.medical_treatment, Renal function, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Endocarditis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Renal replacement therapy, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Retrospective Studies, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Research, Incidence, Acute kidney injury, Retrospective cohort study, Acute Kidney Injury, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cardiac surgery, Surgery, Renal Replacement Therapy, Infective endocarditis, Predictive value of tests, Female, France, business
Abstract

Introduction Cardiac surgery is frequently needed in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). Acute kidney injury (AKI) often complicates IE and is associated with poor outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors for post-operative AKI in patients operated on for IE. Methods A retrospective, non-interventional study of prospectively collected data (2000–2010) included patients with IE and cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. The primary outcome was post-operative AKI, defined as the development of AKI or progression of AKI based on the acute kidney injury network (AKIN) definition. We used ensemble machine learning (“Super Learning”) to develop a predictor of AKI based on potential risk factors, and evaluated its performance using V-fold cross validation. We identified clinically important predictors among a set of risk factors using Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Results 202 patients were included, of which 120 (59%) experienced a post-operative AKI. 65 (32.2%) patients presented an AKI before surgery while 91 (45%) presented a progression of AKI in the post-operative period. 20 patients (9.9%) required a renal replacement therapy during the post-operative ICU stay and 30 (14.8%) died during their hospital stay. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with renal function impairment, after adjustment for other risk factors: multiple surgery (OR: 4.16, 95% CI: 2.98-5.80, p

Published
2013

33. The age of peak performance in Ironman triathlon: a cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis

Author

Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers, Michael Stiefel, Beat Knechtle, Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), BMC, Ed., and University of Zurich

Subjects
11035 Institute of General Practice, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Veterinary medicine, Sports medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Longitudinal data, MEDLINE, 610 Medicine & health, Endurance, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 2737 Physiology (medical), 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Swimming, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Research, Cycling, 1314 Physiology, 030229 sport sciences, Human physiology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background The aims of the present study were, firstly, to investigate in a cross-sectional analysis the age of peak Ironman performance within one calendar year in all qualifiers for Ironman Hawaii and Ironman Hawaii; secondly, to determine in a longitudinal analysis on a qualifier for Ironman Hawaii whether the age of peak Ironman performance and Ironman performance itself change across years; and thirdly, to determine the gender difference in performance. Methods In a cross-sectional analysis, the age of the top ten finishers for all qualifier races for Ironman Hawaii and Ironman Hawaii was determined in 2010. For a longitudinal analysis, the age and the performance of the annual top ten female and male finishers in a qualifier for Ironman Hawaii was determined in Ironman Switzerland between 1995 and 2010. Results In 19 of the 20 analyzed triathlons held in 2010, there was no difference in the age of peak Ironman performance between women and men (p > 0.05). The only difference in the age of peak Ironman performance between genders was in ‘Ironman Canada’ where men were older than women (p = 0.023). For all 20 races, the age of peak Ironman performance was 32.2 ± 1.5 years for men and 33.0 ± 1.6 years for women (p > 0.05). In Ironman Switzerland, there was no difference in the age of peak Ironman performance between genders for top ten women and men from 1995 to 2010 (F = 0.06, p = 0.8). The mean age of top ten women and men was 31.4 ± 1.7 and 31.5 ± 1.7 years (Cohen's d = 0.06), respectively. The gender difference in performance in the three disciplines and for overall race time decreased significantly across years. Men and women improved overall race times by approximately 1.2 and 4.2 min/year, respectively. Conclusions Women and men peak at a similar age of 32–33 years in an Ironman triathlon with no gender difference. In a qualifier for Ironman Hawaii, the age of peak Ironman performance remained unchanged across years. In contrast, gender differences in performance in Ironman Switzerland decreased during the studied period, suggesting that elite female Ironman triathletes might still narrow the gender gap in the future.

Published
2013

34. Implicit Sequence Learning in a Continuous Pursuit-Tracking Task

Author

Carole Ferrel-Chapus, Olivier Gapenne, Alexandre Lang, Dominique Aubert, Equipe Perception et design sonores, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomécanique et Bioingénierie (BMBI), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son ( STMS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biomécanique et Bioingéniérie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Transfer, Psychology, Speech recognition, media_common.quotation_subject, Motion Perception, Multi-task learning, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, Random Allocation, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perception, Developmental and Educational Psychology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Motion perception, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Block (data storage), media_common, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Sequence, Communication, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, General Medicine, Implicit learning, Space Perception, Female, Sequence learning, business, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transfer Psychology
Abstract

Epub 2012 Oct 30; Assessing implicit learning in the continuous pursuit-tracking task usually concerns a repeated segment of target displacements masked by two random segments, as referred to as Pew's paradigm. Evidence for segment learning in this paradigm is scanty and contrasts with robust sequence learning in discrete tracking tasks. The present study investigates this issue with two experiments in which participants (N = 56) performed a continuous tracking task. Contrary to Pew's paradigm, participants were presented with a training sequence that was continuously cycled during 14 blocks of practice, but Block 12 in which a transfer sequence was introduced. Results demonstrate sequence learning in several conditions except in the condition that was obviously the most similar to previous studies failing to induce segment learning. Specifically, it is shown here that a target moving too slowly combined with variable time at which target reversal occurs prevents sequence learning. In addition, data from a post-experimental recognition test indicate that sequence learning was associated with explicit perceptual knowledge about the repetitive structure. We propose that learning repetition in a continuous tracking task is conditional on its capacity to (1) allow participants to detect the repeated regularities and (2) restrict feedback-based tracking strategies.

Published
2013

35. Type II TGFβ receptor modulates chondrocyte phenotype

Author

Elise Duval, Sylvain Leclercq, Catherine Baugé, Philippe Galéra, Nicolas Girard, Karim Boumediene, David Ollitrault, Normandie Université ( NU ), Microenvironnement cellulaire et pathologie ( MILPAT ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Département de chirurgie orthopédique, Clinique Saint Martin, Normandie Université (NU), Microenvironnement et Pathologies du Cartilage (BioConnecT), Microenvironnement cellulaire et pathologie (MILPAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Département de chirurgie orthopédique [Hôpital privé Saint Martin Caen], and Hôpital Privé Saint Martin Caen

Subjects
Cartilage, Articular, MESH : Bone Marrow, Aging, MESH : RNA, Messenger, MESH : Transcription Factors, MESH : Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta, MESH : Chondrogenesis, MESH : Alginates, MESH : Blotting, Western, Osteoarthritis, Hip, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aggrecans, MESH: Osteoarthritis, MESH : Collagen Type II, Cells, Cultured, Regulation of gene expression, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], MESH: Bone Marrow Cells, Cell Differentiation, General Medicine, MESH: Transcription Factors, Middle Aged, Cell biology, MESH : Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Alginates, Disease Progression, MESH: Bone Marrow, MESH: Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta, MESH : Cell Differentiation, MESH: Chondrogenesis, Signal Transduction, MESH: Cell Differentiation, Blotting, Western, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, MESH: Phenotype, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Chondrocyte, Article, MESH : Chondrocytes, MESH : Cartilage, [ SDV.MHEP.RSOA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, 03 medical and health sciences, Transforming Growth Factor beta2, Chondrocytes, MESH: Chondrocytes, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], MESH : Aggrecans, Gene silencing, MESH: Blotting, Western, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Aggrecan, MESH: Transforming Growth Factor beta, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: RNA, Messenger, Aged, MESH: Humans, [ SDV.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Mesenchymal stem cell, MESH : Humans, MESH: Collagen Type II, Chondrogenesis, Molecular biology, MESH : Osteoarthritis, MESH : Transforming Growth Factor beta, Gene Expression Regulation, MESH: Cartilage, Ectopic expression, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Transforming growth factor, MESH : Bone Marrow Cells
Abstract

International audience; Aging is one of the major risk factors of osteoarthritis. This pathology during which chondrocytes undergo modifications of their phenotype may result from alteration of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. This study investigates the role of TGFβ response in the process of chondrocyte dedifferentiation/redifferentiation. Dedifferentiation was induced by successive passages of human articular chondrocytes, whereas their redifferentiation was performed by three-dimensional culture in alginate. Human mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from bone marrow and differentiated into chondrocyte-like phenotype by three-dimensional culture, embedded in the same scaffold. Protein and mRNA levels were analyzed by Western blot and real-time reverse transcription PCR. Regulatory mechanism was investigated using specific inhibitors (mithramycin), mRNA silencing or decoy oligonucleotides, and expression vectors. Chondrocyte dedifferentiation interfered with TGFβ signaling by decreasing TβRII mRNA and protein levels and subsequent TGFβ response. TβRII ectopic expression in passaged chondrocytes permitted to increase the expression of several matrix genes, such as aggrecan or type II collagen. Redifferentiation of passaged chondrocytes permitted to restore, at least in part, TβRII expression and was related to differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells toward chondrocytes, where both specific protein 1 (Sp1) and TβRII mRNA levels were increased. Moreover, Sp1 manipulation by silencing or ectopic expression and pharmacologic inhibition revealed a link between expression levels of this transcriptional factor, which is crucial for constitutive expression of TβRII in cartilage, and TGFβ response. Therefore, these data permit us to suggest an important role of TβRII expression in the maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype, which is altered with age, and bring new insights in our understanding of chondrogenesis process.

Published
2013

36. Are clinical trials dealing with severe infection fitting routine practices? Insights from a large registry

Author

Hamdi Boubaker, Bertrand Guidet, Philippe Aegerter, Yann-Erick Claessens, Alain Cariou, Service des urgences, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire Universitaire Santé Environnement Vieillissement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Service de Santé Publique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Department of Emergency Medicine, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba [Monastir] (HFB), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cub-Rea Network, BMC, Ed., CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Fatouma Bourguiba, Service de Soins Intensifs, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Care, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Population, Comorbidity, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Sepsis, sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intensive care, Prohibitins, medicine, Clinical endpoint, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Registries, Intensive care medicine, education, co-morbidity, education.field_of_study, Clinical Trials as Topic, exclusion criteria, business.industry, Septic shock, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Patient Selection, Reproducibility of Results, cohort, medicine.disease, Shock, Septic, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, 030228 respiratory system, Practice Guidelines as Topic, randomized controlled trial, septic shock, business
Abstract

Introduction Guidelines dealing with severe sepsis and septic shock mostly rely on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ensure the best standards of care for patients. However, patients included in high-quality studies may differ from the routine population and alter external validity of recommendations. We aimed to determine to what extent non-inclusion criteria of RCTs dealing with severe sepsis and septic shock may affect application of their conclusions in routine care. Methods In a first step, the MEDLINE database was searched for RCTs treating severe sepsis and septic shock patients between 1992 and 2008, and non-inclusion criteria for these studies were abstracted. Two reviewers independently evaluated the articles, which were checked by a third reviewer. We extracted data on the study design, main intervention, primary endpoint, criteria for inclusion, and criteria for non-inclusion. In a second step, the distribution of the non-inclusion criteria was observed in a prospective multicenter cohort of severe sepsis and septic shock patients (Cub-Rea network, 1992 to 2008). Results We identified 96 articles out of 7,012 citations that met the screening criteria. Congestive heart failure (35%) and cancer (30%) were frequent exclusion criteria in selected studies, as well as other frequent disorders such as gastrointestinal and liver diseases and all causes of immune suppression. Of the 67,717 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the Cub-Rea database, 40,325 (60%) experienced at least one of the main exclusion criteria, including 11% of congestive heart failure patients and 11% of cancer patients. In addition, we observed a significant trend for increasing number of patients with these criteria along time. Conclusion Current exclusion criteria for RCTs dealing with severe sepsis and septic shock excluded most patients encountered in daily practice and limit external validity of the results of high-quality studies.

Published
2013

37. Sex difference in Double Iron ultra-triathlon performance

Author

Patrizia Knechtle, Beat Knechtle, Katrin Sigg, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Romuald Lepers, Thomas Rosemann, BMC, Ed., Health Services Research, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Institute of General Practice, Médecine Interne Générale, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Facharzt FMH für Allgemeinmedizin, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ) -Institute of General Practice, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and University of Zurich

Subjects
Gerontology, 11035 Institute of General Practice, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 610 Medicine & health, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Triathlon, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal science, 2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 2737 Physiology (medical), Physiology (medical), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Ultra endurance, Swimming, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Cycling, 030229 sport sciences, Human physiology, 1314 Physiology, Ultra-endurance, business
Abstract

Background The present study examined the sex difference in swimming (7.8 km), cycling (360 km), running (84 km), and overall race times for Double Iron ultra-triathletes. Methods Sex differences in split times and overall race times of 1,591 men and 155 women finishing a Double Iron ultra-triathlon between 1985 and 2012 were analyzed. Results The annual number of finishes increased linearly for women and exponentially for men. Men achieved race times of 1,716 ± 243 min compared to 1,834 ± 261 min for women and were 118 ± 18 min (6.9%) faster (p < 0.01). Men finished swimming within 156 ± 63 min compared to women with 163 ± 31 min and were 8 ± 32 min (5.1 ± 5.0%) faster (p < 0.01). For cycling, men (852 ± 196 min) were 71 ± 70 min (8.3 ± 3.5%) faster than women (923 ± 126 min) (p < 0.01). Men completed the run split within 710 ± 145 min compared to 739 ± 150 min for women and were 30 ± 5 min (4.2 ± 3.4%) faster (p = 0.03). The annual three fastest men improved race time from 1,650 ± 114 min in 1985 to 1,339 ± 33 min in 2012 (p < 0.01). Overall race time for women remained unchanged at 1,593 ± 173 min with an unchanged sex difference of 27.1 ± 8.6%. In swimming, the split times for the annual three fastest women (148 ± 14 min) and men (127 ± 20 min) remained unchanged with an unchanged sex difference of 26.8 ± 13.5%. In cycling, the annual three fastest men improved the split time from 826 ± 60 min to 666 ± 18 min (p = 0.02). For women, the split time in cycling remained unchanged at 844 ± 54 min with an unchanged sex difference of 25.2 ± 7.3%. In running, the annual fastest three men improved split times from 649 ± 77 min to 532 ± 16 min (p < 0.01). For women, however, the split times remained unchanged at 657 ± 70 min with a stable sex difference of 32.4 ± 12.5%. Conclusions To summarize, the present findings showed that men were faster than women in Double Iron ultra-triathlon, men improved overall race times, cycling and running split times, and the sex difference remained unchanged across years for overall race time and split times. The sex differences for overall race times and split times were higher than reported for Ironman triathlon.

Published
2013

38. 'Limits in endurance performance of octogenarian athletes'

Author

Thomas Cattagni, Beat Knechtle, Vincent Gremeaux, Romuald Lepers, Paul J. Stapley, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong-University of Wollongong, Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ) -University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ) -Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen-Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen-Facharzt FMH für Allgemeinmedizin, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen-Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen, University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Lepers, Romuald, University of Wollongong [Australia]-University of Wollongong [Australia], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, and University of Zurich

Subjects
Male, 11035 Institute of General Practice, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Marathon running, 610 Medicine & health, 03 medical and health sciences, 2737 Physiology (medical), 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Aerobic exercise, Exercise physiology, Letters to the Editor, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, business.industry, Athletes, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 1314 Physiology, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Physical Endurance, Physical therapy, Masters athletes, business
Abstract

TO THE EDITOR: A recent study of Trappe et al. (3) showed that the aerobic power of octogenarian lifelong endurance athletes was approximately double that of untrained octogenarians (38 vs. 21 ml·kg 1 ·min 1 ). These remarkable aerobic capacities are the highest ever recorded in this age group. However, the impact of the identified physiological capacities on actual endurance performances has not been addressed, as no running performance indicators of the octogenarian athletes were provided in this study. We hereby suggest that, although trained octogenarian athletes can achieve levels of aerobic fitness well above their untrained counterpart, as a group they actually have not yet reached their limits of endurance performance. During the past decades, masters athletes (40 yr of age) have dramatically improved their performance in endurance events such as marathon running. An analysis of performances at the New York City Marathon during the 1980 –2010 period showed that running times of the best male masters runners between 65 and 79 years of age decreased significantly (2). However, due to the low rate of participation of athletes older than 80 years, the performances of octogenarian finishers were not analyzed. The current marathon world record for a male octogenarian athlete was set in 2011 at the Toronto marathon by a Canadian athlete (Ed Whitlock, age 80) who ra n3h1 5 min 54 s(http://

Published
2013

39. KmL3D : A Non-Parametric Algorithm for Clustering Joint Trajectories

Author

Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Frank Vitaro, Catherine Arnaud, Sylvana M. Côté, Christophe Genolini, Richard E. Tremblay, Bruno Falissard, Tarak Driss, Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), University College of London [London] (UCL), King‘s College London, Department of preventive and social medicine, University of Montreal, Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité d'Epidémiologie Clinique, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Épidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent ( UMR_S 669 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Health Informatics, computer.software_genre, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Cohort Studies, 010104 statistics & probability, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Cluster Analysis, 0101 mathematics, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Cluster analysis, [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], k-means clustering, Nonparametric statistics, Missing data, Partition (database), Computer Science Applications, Data mining, computer, Algorithm, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Software, Algorithms
Abstract

In cohort studies, variables are measured repeatedly and can be considered as trajectories. A classic way to work with trajectories is to cluster them in order to detect the existence of homogeneous patterns of evolution. Since cohort studies usually measure a large number of variables, it might be interesting to study the joint evolution of several variables (also called joint-variable trajectories). To date, the only way to cluster joint-trajectories is to cluster each trajectory independently, then to cross the partitions obtained. This approach is unsatisfactory because it does not take into account a possible co-evolution of variable-trajectories. KmL3D is an R package that implements a version of k-means dedicated to clustering joint-trajectories. It provides facilities for the management of missing values, offers several quality criteria and its graphic interface helps the user to select the best partition. KmL3D can work with any number of joint-variable trajectories. In the restricted case of two joint trajectories, it proposes 3D tools to visualize the partitioning and then export 3D dynamic rotating-graphs to PDF format.

Published
2013

40. Évaluation indirecte de la capacité aérobie d’adolescents obèses : intérêt d’un test de course à pied intermittent court, progressif et maximal

Author

D. Rossi, Caroline Nicol, Olivier Rey, Christophe Maïano, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Jean-Marc Vallier, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Soin de suite et de réadaptation, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 4. Education, Intermittent, Rehabilitation, Running test, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030229 sport sciences, Adolescents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Continu, Test de course, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Obesity, Obésité, Continuous
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Examine the interest of progressive intermittent running test (15-15) entitled Spartacus to assess indirectly the global level of aerobic capacity of obese adolescents in comparison with the continuous Shuttle run test.Methods: Forty-three obese adolescents (33 girls and 10 boys) performed the two tests. Differences according to the “test”, “sex” and the interaction “test × sex” have been assessed for the maximum heart rate (HRmax), the final running speed, the total and net running durations and the perceived effort.Results and discussion: The results did not reveal any significant inter-test differences for FCmax and the perceived effort. As compared to the Shuttle run test, the Spartacus led to a 20% increased final running speed (11.5 vs. 9.4 km/h) and a 3.3 times longer total running duration (17.3 vs. 5.3 min) for a 1.7 times longer net exercise duration (8.7 vs. 5.3 min, P < 0.001). The results were neither significantly influenced by the “sex” nor by the “test × sex” interaction.Conclusion: The Spartacus intermittent test allowed obese adolescents to reach a similar psychophysiological state effort at the end of the run while producing an increased performance in both speed and duration.; Objectifs: Déterminer l’intérêt du test intermittent progressif de type 15-15 appelé Spartacus pour mesurer indirectement le niveau global de capacité aérobie d’adolescents obèses en le comparant au test continu Navette.Patients et méthodes: Quarante-trois adolescents obèses (33 filles et 10 garçons) ont réalisé les deux tests. L’influence du « type de test », du « sexe » et de leur interaction a été évaluée sur la fréquence cardiaque maximale (FCmax), la vitesse de fin de test, les durées totale de test et nette de course, et la difficulté perçue.Résultats: Les résultats ne montrent pas de différence significative inter-tests pour la FCmax et la difficulté perçue. Comparé au test Navette, le Spartacus permet d’obtenir une vitesse finale 20 % supérieure (11,5 vs. 9,4 km/h) et une durée totale de test 3,3 fois plus longue (17,3 vs. 5,3 min) pour une durée nette de course 1,7 fois supérieure (8,7 vs. 5,3 min) (p < 0,001). Il n’y a pas d’effets significatifs du « sexe » ni de l’interaction « type de test × sexe ».Conclusion: Le test Spartacus permet d’atteindre un même état psychophysiologique maximal en produisant une vitesse de course et une durée totale de test supérieures.

Published
2013

41. Participation and performance trends in ultra-endurance running races under extreme conditions - 'Spartathlon' versus 'Badwater'

Author

Thomas Rosemann, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Patrizia Knechtle, Romuald Lepers, Kristina da Fonseca-Engelhardt, Beat Knechtle, BMC, Ed., Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Facharzt FMH für Allgemeinmedizin, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and University of Zurich

Subjects
11035 Institute of General Practice, Gerontology, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 610 Medicine & health, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 2737 Physiology (medical), 0302 clinical medicine, Animal science, Age, Physiology (medical), Sex differences, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Ultra endurance, Extreme conditions, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Research, 1314 Physiology, 030229 sport sciences, Human physiology, Ultra-endurance, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background The aim of the present study was to compare the trends in participation, performance and age of finishers in ‘Badwater’ and ‘Spartathlon’ as two of the toughest ultramarathons in the world of more than 200 km of distance. Methods Running speed and age of male and female finishers in Badwater and Spartathlon were analyzed from 2000 to 2012. Age of peak performance and sex difference in running speed were investigated during the studied period. Results The number of female and male finishes increased in Badwater and Spartathlon. Women accounted on average for 21.5% ± 6.9% in Badwater and 10.8% ± 2.3% in Spartathlon. There was a significant increase in female participation in Badwater from 18.4% to 19.1% (p < 0.01) and in Spartathlon from 11.9% to 12.5% (p = 0.02). In men, the age of finishers was higher in Badwater (46.5 ± 9.3 years) compared to Spartathlon (44.8 ± 8.2 years) (p < 0.01). The age of female finishers of both races was similar with 43.0 ± 7.5 years in Badwater and 44.5 ± 7.8 years in Spartathlon (p > 0.05). Over the years, the age of the annual five fastest men decreased in Badwater from 42.4 ± 4.2 to 39.8 ± 5.7 years (p < 0.05). For women, the age remained unchanged at 42.3 ± 3.8 years in Badwater (p > 0.05). In Spartathlon, the age was unchanged at 39.7 ± 2.4 years for men and 44.6 ± 3.2 years for women (p > 0.05). In Badwater, women and men became faster over the years. The running speed increased from 7.9 ± 0.7 to 8.7 ± 0.6 km/h (p < 0.01) in men and from 5.4 ± 1.1 to 6.6 ± 0.5 km/h (p < 0.01) in women. The sex difference in running speed remained unchanged at 19.8% ± 4.8% (p > 0.05). In Spartathlon, the running speed was stable over time at 10.8 ± 0.7 km/h for men and 8.7 ± 0.5 km/h for women (p > 0.05). The sex difference remained unchanged at 19.6% ± 2.5% (p > 0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that for both Badwater and Spartathlon, (a) female participation increased, (b) the fastest finishers were approximately 40 to 45 years, and (c) the sex difference was at approximately 20%. Women will not outrun men in both Badwater and Spartathlon races. Master ultramarathoners can achieve a high level of performance in ultramarathons greater than 200 km under extreme conditions.

Published
2013

42. Specific antioxidant properties of human serum albumin

Author

Anne-Lise Marie, Myriam Taverna, Jean-Paul Mira, Bertrand Guidet, Physico-chimie, pharmacotechnie, biopharmacie ( PCPB ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de médecine d'urgence [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), This review article was supported by LFB Biomedicaments., Physico-chimie, pharmacotechnie, biopharmacie (PCPB), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and BMC, Ed.

Subjects
Drug, Oxidized albumin, medicine.medical_specialty, Antioxidant, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Review, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Critically ill patients, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Beneficial effects, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Antioxidant force, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Critically ill, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Binding properties, Albumin, Human serum albumin, 3. Good health, Surgery, body regions, Biochemistry, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; ABSTRACT: Human serum albumin (HSA) has been used for a long time as a resuscitation fluid in critically ill patients. It is known to exert several important physiological and pharmacological functions. Among them, the antioxidant properties seem to be of paramount importance as they may be implied in the potential beneficial effects that have been observed in the critical care and hepatological settings. The specific antioxidant functions of the protein are closely related to its structure. Indeed, they are due to its multiple ligand-binding capacities and free radical-trapping properties. The HSA molecule can undergo various structural changes modifying its conformation and hence its binding properties and redox state. Such chemical modifications can occur during bioprocesses and storage conditions of the commercial HSA solutions, resulting in heterogeneous solutions for infusion. In this review, we explore the mechanisms that are responsible for the specific antioxidant properties of HSA in its native form, chemically modified forms, and commercial formulations. To conclude, we discuss the implication of this recent literature for future clinical trials using albumin as a drug and for elucidating the effects of HSA infusion in critically ill patients.

Published
2013

43. Age and gender difference in non-drafting ultra-endurance cycling performance - the 'Swiss Cycling Marathon'

Author

Christoph Alexander Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, Romuald Lepers, Matthias Alexander Zingg, Beat Knechtle, Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Facharzt FMH für Allgemeinmedizin, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), BMC, Ed., and University of Zurich

Subjects
11035 Institute of General Practice, Gerontology, Future studies, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, 610 Medicine & health, Age and gender, 03 medical and health sciences, 2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 2737 Physiology (medical), 0302 clinical medicine, Athlete, Physiology (medical), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Women, 030212 general & internal medicine, Ultra endurance, Sport, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Men, 1314 Physiology, 030229 sport sciences, Human physiology, Gender gap, business, Cycling, Demography
Abstract

Background In recent years, there was an increased interest in investigating the gender difference in performance and the age of peak performance in ultra-endurance performances such as ultra-triathlon, ultra-running, and ultra-swimming, but not in ultra-cycling. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gender difference in ultra-cycling performance and the age of peak ultra-cycling performance in the 720-km ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’, the largest European qualifier for the ‘Race Across America’. Methods Changes in the cycling speed and age of 985 finishers including 38 women and 947 men competing in the Swiss Cycling Marathon from 2001 to 2012 covering a distance of 720 km with a change of altitude of 4,993 m were analyzed using linear regression. Results The gender difference in performance was 13.6% for the fastest cyclists ever, 13.9% ± 0.5% for the three fastest cyclists ever and 19.1% ± 3.7% for the ten fastest cyclists ever. The gender difference in performance for the annual top three women and men decreased from 35.0% ± 9.5% in 2001 to 20.4% ± 7.7% in 2012 (r 2 = 0.72, p = 0.01). The annual top three women improved cycling speed from 20.3 ± 3.1 km h−1 in 2003 to 24.8 ± 2.4 km h−1 in 2012 (r 2 = 0.79, p < 0.01). The cycling speed of the annual top three men remained unchanged at 30.2 ± 0.6 km h−1 (p > 0.05). The age of peak performance for the ten fastest finishers ever was 35.9 ± 9.6 years for men and 38.7 ± 7.8 years for women, respectively (p = 0.47). Conclusions The gender difference in ultra-cycling performance decreased over the 2001 to 2012 period in the 720-km Swiss Cycling Marathon for the annual top three cyclists and reached approximately 14%. Both women and men achieved peak performance at the age of approximately 36 to 39 years. Women might close the gender gap in ultra-endurance cycling in longer cycling distances. Future studies need to investigate the gender difference in performance in the Race Across America, the longest nonstop and non-drafting ultra-cycling race in the world.

Published
2012

44. The epidemiology of septic shock in French intensive care units: the prospective multicenter cohort EPISS study

Author

Alain Noirot, Jean-Christophe Navellou, Frédérique Ganster, Khaldoun Kuteifan, Arnaud Pavon, Damien Barraud, F Kara, Olivier Martinet, Vincent Castelain, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Guillaume Louis, Joel Cousson, Christine Binquet, Henry Lessire, Chaouki Mezher, Pierre Perez, Julio Badie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques ( CIC-EC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Service de réanimation polyvalente, Centre hospitalier de Haguenau, Service de réanimation Médicale, CHU Strasbourg, Service de réanimation médicale, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Jean Minjoz, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ), Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville ( CHR Metz-Thionville ), Centre Hospitalier Emile Muller [Mulhouse] ( CH E.Muller Mulhouse ), Groupe Hospitalier de Territoire Haute Alsace ( GHTHA ) -Groupe Hospitalier de Territoire Haute Alsace ( GHTHA ), CH de Vesoul, CH Belfort-Montbéliard, CH Montbéliard, CH Colmar, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Réanimation médicale [CHRU Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Centre Hospitalier Emile Muller [Mulhouse] (CH E.Muller Mulhouse), Groupe Hospitalier de Territoire Haute Alsace (GHTHA)-Groupe Hospitalier de Territoire Haute Alsace (GHTHA), and BMC, Ed.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intensive care, Severity of illness, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Mortality, 10. No inequality, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Septic shock, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Hazard ratio, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Shock, Septic, 3. Good health, Intensive Care Units, Shock (circulatory), Emergency medicine, Cohort, Female, France, medicine.symptom, business, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

International audience; INTRODUCTION: To provide up-to-date information on the prognostic factors associated with 28-day mortality in a cohort of septic shock patients in intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study in ICUs from 14 French general (non-academic) and university teaching hospitals. All consecutive patients with septic shock admitted between November 2009 and March 2011 were eligible for inclusion. We prospectively recorded data regarding patient characteristics, infection, severity of illness, life support therapy and discharge. RESULTS: Among 10,941 patients admitted to participating ICUs between October 2009 and September 2011, 1495 (13.7%) patients presented inclusion criteria for septic shock and were included. Invasive mechanical ventilation was needed in 83.9% (n=1248), inotropes in 27.7% (n=412), continuous renal replacement therapy in 32.5% (n=484) and hemodialysis in 19.6% (n=291). Mortality at 28 days was 42% (n=625). Variables associated with time to mortality, right-censored at day 28: age (for each additional 10 yrs) (hazard ratio, HR=1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-1.38), immunosuppression (HR=1.63; 95%CI: 1.37-1.96), Knaus class C/D score versus class A/B score (HR=1.36; 95%CI:1.14-1.62) and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (HR=1.24 for each additional point; 95%CI: 1.21-1.27). Patients with septic shock and renal/urinary tract infection had a significantly longer time to mortality (HR=0.56; 95%CI: 0.42-0.75). CONCLUSION: Our observational data of consecutive patients from real-life practice confirm that septic shock is common and carries high mortality in general intensive care unit populations. Our results are in contrast with the clinical trial setting, and could be useful for healthcare planning and clinical study design.

Published
2012

45. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography Parameters of Limbic System Bundles in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Author

Giovanni de Marco, Viviane Bouilleret, Despina Liacu, I. Idy-Peretti, Denis Ducreux, Stéroides et système nerveux : physiopathologie moléculaire et clinique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-IFR93-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -IFR93-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale ( U1129 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), and Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN )

Subjects
Pathology, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, tractography, fornix, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, hippo campal sclerosis (HS), 0302 clinical medicine, Computer-Assisted, Neural Pathways, Limbic System, Cingulum (brain), cingulum, [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Fornix, Nerve Fibers Myelinated, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), Temporal Lobe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Female, psychological phenomena and processes, Tractography, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Sensitivity and Specificity, behavioral disciplines and activities, Temporal lobe, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Fractional anisotropy, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Image Interpretation, Hippocampal sclerosis, Epilepsy, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, medicine.disease, nervous system, Nuclear medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate changes in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures in limbic system white matter of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using diffusion tensor tractography. Materials and Methods: DTI metrics including fractional anisotropy (FA), λ1, λ2, λ3, and trace (Tr) coefficients were obtained from tractography for bilateral fornix, superior and inferior cingulum fibers in 18 patients and 10 healthy controls. Hippocampal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) quantitative analysis was performed in order to confirm the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampal lesion presence or absence in TLE patients. Results: Nine patients presented unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (TLE+HS) and nine patients had no signal abnormalities on conventional MRI (TLE−HS). On the ipsilateral seizure side, all three investigated tracts showed significant DTI indices abnormalities in both patient groups when compared with controls, most marked on the inferior cingulum. Contralateral to the seizure side, the three tracts presented significant DTI parameters in only the TLE+HS group when compared with controls. Conclusion: The DTI abnormalities found in the TLE−HS group may suggest that in the inferior cingulum the structural integrity is more affected than in the fornix or superior cingulum white matter bundles. The eigenvalues taken separately add complementary information to the FA and Tr metrics and may be useful indices in better understanding the architectural reorganization of limbic system tracts in TLE patients without HS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:561–568. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2012

46. Implementation of a neonatal pain management module in the computerized physician order entry system

Author

Aline Rideau Batista Novais, Gilles Cambonie, Renault Mesnage, Ricardo Carbajal, Nathalie Mazars, Clémentine Combes, Christophe Milési, Service de Néonatalogie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service Pédiatrique, Hôpital du Bocage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), BMC, Ed., Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Unité d'Urgence Pédiatrique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants ( UMR_S 953 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Hôpital du Bocage, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Sedation, Alternative medicine, Neonatal pain, MEDLINE, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Computerized physician order entry, law, 030225 pediatrics, Anesthesiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Research, Pain management, Newborn, Computer-assisted instruction, Emergency medicine, Ventilation (architecture), medicine.symptom, Analgesia, business
Abstract

BackgroundDespite the recommended guidelines, the neonatal management of pain and discomfort often remains inadequate. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether adding a pain and discomfort module to a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system would improve pain and discomfort evaluation in premature newborns under invasive ventilation.MethodsAll newborns ResultsA total of 122 patients were included: 53 before and 69 after the incorporation of the module. The mean age was 30 (3) weeks GA. After the module was included, the percentage of patients who benefited from at least one pain and discomfort assessment per day increased from 64% to 88% (p p p p ConclusionsAdding a pain and discomfort tool to the CPOE system was a simple and effective way to improve the systematic evaluation of premature newborns who required ventilatory assistance.

Published
2012

47. Influence of Age on the Dynamics of fMRI Activations during a Semantic Fluency Task

Author

G. De Marco, Christophe Destrieux, Y. Joanette, J.-M. Boissy, Caroline Hommet, Frédéric Andersson, Jean-Philippe Cottier, F. Domengie, Service de neuroradiologie [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours ( CHRU TOURS ), Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche ( CMRR ), Hôpital Bretonneau-CHRU Tours, Imagerie et cerveau, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Imagerie fonctionnelle ( IF ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -EFS-CHRU Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche (CMRR), Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Imagerie fonctionnelle (IF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-EFS-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Aging, Language function, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Silent word generation, Left frontal lobe, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Sensitivity and Specificity, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Default mode network, Dynamic course, [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Aged, Language, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Aged, 80 and over, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, Semantic fluency, Reproducibility of Results, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Semantics, Dynamics (music), Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, psychological phenomena and processes, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

International audience; Purpose : Age-related fMRI changes have not been extensively studied for language, whereas important adaptive mechanisms have been seen in other cognitive fields. This study examined age-related changes in fMRI activation during language tasks and, in particular, their dynamic course.Patients and methods fMRI was performed on 22 young and 21 old healthy right-handed subjects during a silent category word-generation task. Activation and dynamics of BOLD signals were studied separately during the first and second portions of each 30-s block.Results : Activation of the left frontal lobe was initially similar in young and old participants; however, it decreased after 30s in the old participants. On the other hand, additional areas were initially involved only in old subjects and especially in the default mode network.Conclusion :This study showed age-related differences in the dynamics of fMRI activation during a silent word-generation task, suggesting a different pattern of language function with aging.

Published
2012

48. Assessment of hemodynamic efficacy and safety of 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 versus 0.9% NaCl fluid replacement in patients with severe sepsis: The CRYSTMAS study

Author

Xavier Forceville, François Philippart, Julien Maizel, Alexandra Heininger, Thierry Boulain, Marc Feissel, Hugo Van Aken, Bertrand Guidet, Michel Hasselmann, Jean François Poussel, Olivier Martinet, Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Réanimation Polyvalente, Hôpital de la source, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Centre Hospitalier de Metz, Hôpital Sud, Réanimation, CH Meaux, Réanimation et Maladies Infectieuses, Site de Belfort-CH de Belfort-Montbeliard, Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitatsklinikum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin der Westf, Wilhelms-Universität, This study was supported by Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, in particular Dr Frank Bepperling, Dr Michael Hug, Dr Cornelius Jungheinrich, Prof. Jean-Francois Baron and Prof. Martin Westpha., Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), hôpital Sud, CH Belfort-Montbéliard-Site de Belfort, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), and BMC, Ed.

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.medical_treatment, Hemodynamics, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, law.invention, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Anesthesia, Intensive care, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Prospective cohort study, Fluid replacement, Severe sepsis
Abstract

International audience; ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Inadequate initial treatment and delayed hemodynamic stabilization (HDS) may be associated with increased risk of death in severe sepsis patients. METHODS: in order to compare the hemodynamic efficacy and safety of 6% HES 130/0.4 and NaCl 0.9% for HDS in patients with severe sepsis, we designed a prospective, multicenter, active-controlled, double-blind, randomized study in Intensive care units. RESULTS: 174 out of 196 patients reached HDS (88 and 86 patients for HES and NaCl, respectively). Significantly less HES was used to reach HDS versus NaCl (1,379 886 ml in the HES group and 1,709 1,164 ml in the NaCl group [Mean difference = -331 1,033, 95% CI -640 to -21, p=0.0185). Time to reach HDS was 11.8 10.1 hours versus 14.3 11.1 hours for HES and NaCl, respectively. Total quantity of study drug infused over four consecutive days, ICU and hospital LOS, and area under the curve of SOFA Score were comparable. Acute renal failure occurred in 24 (24.5%) and 19 (20%) patients for HES and NaCl, respectively (p=0.454). There was no difference between AKIN and RIFLE criteria among groups and no difference in mortality, coagulation, or pruritus up to 90 days after treatment initiation. CONCLUSION: Significantly less volume was required to achieve HDS for HES versus NaCl in the initial phase of fluid resuscitation in severe sepsis patients without any difference for adverse events in both groups.

Published
2012

49. Comparison of superior vena cava and femoroiliac vein pressure according to intra-abdominal pressure

Author

Arnaud Galbois, Eric Maury, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Mikael Alves, Bertrand Guidet, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Dimitri Margetis, Jean-Luc Baudel, Georges Offenstadt, Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire ( PARCC - U970 ), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), BMC, Ed., CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Femoroiliac vena, Central venous pressure, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Superior vena cava, Intensive unit care, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vein, Intra abdominal pressure, Intra-abdominal pressure, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Dialysis catheter, Surgery, Catheter, medicine.anatomical_structure, SAPS II, cardiovascular system, business, Common iliac vein
Abstract

International audience; UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a good agreement between central venous pressure (CVP) measurements from catheters placed in superior vena cava and catheters placed in the abdominal cava/common iliac vein. However, the influence of intra-abdominal pressure on such measurements remains unknown. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational study in a tertiary teaching hospital. We enrolled patients who had indwelling catheters in both superior vena cava (double lumen catheter) and femoroiliac veins (dialysis catheter) and into the bladder. Pressures were measured from all the sites, CVP, femoroiliac venous pressure (FIVP), and intra-abdominal pressure. RESULTS: A total of 30 patients were enrolled (age 62 ± 14 years; SAPS II 62 (52-76)). Fifty complete sets of measurements were performed. All of the studied patients were mechanically ventilated (PEP 3 cmH20 (2-5)). We observed that the concordance between CVP and FIVP decreased when intra-abdominal pressure increased. We identified 14 mmHg as the best intra-abdominal pressure cutoff, and we found that CVP and FIVP were significantly more in agreement below this threshold than above (94% versus 50%, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: We reported that intra-abdominal pressure affected agreement between CVP measurements from catheter placed in superior vena cava and catheters placed in the femoroiliac vein. Agreement was excellent when intra-abdominal pressure was below 14 mmHg.

Published
2012

50. Impact of whole-body computed tomography on mortality and surgical management of severe blunt trauma

Author

Delphine Garrigue, Marc Freysz, Jean-Michel Yeguiayan, Claire Bonithon-Kopp, Anabelle Yap, Claude Jacquot, Christine Binquet, Bruno Riou, Claude Martin, Département de médecine d'urgence / SAMU - SMUR - CESU 21 (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Fédération des Urgences - SAMU 59, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble, Centre de Traumatologie et Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nord, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Accueil des Urgences [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), This study was supported by the Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique 2003 of the French Ministry of Health (National PHRC), the Société Française d'Anesthésie Réanimation (SFAR), and the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Dijon., Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques ( CIC-EC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service d'Accueil des Urgences, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], BMC, Ed., Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Wounds, Nonpenetrating, [SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Intensive care, [ SHS.INFO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Young adult, Mortality, Prospective cohort study, Trauma Severity Indices, blunt trauma, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Mortality rate, Research, Disease Management, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Surgery, Blunt trauma, Propensity score matching, Injury Severity Score, Female, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cohort study
Abstract

International audience; IntroductionThe mortality benefit of whole-body computed tomography (CT) in early trauma management remains controversial and poorly understood. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of whole-body CT compared with selective CT on mortality and management of patients with severe blunt trauma.MethodsThe FIRST (French Intensive care Recorded in Severe Trauma) study is a multicenter cohort study on consecutive patients with severe blunt trauma requiring admission to intensive care units from university hospital trauma centers within the first 72 hours. Initial data were combined to construct a propensity score to receive whole-body CT and selective CT used in multivariable logistic regression models, and to calculate the probability of survival according to the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) for 1,950 patients. The main endpoint was 30-day mortality.ResultsIn total, 1,696 patients out of 1,950 (87%) were given whole-body CT. The crude 30-day mortality rates were 16% among whole-body CT patients and 22% among selective CT patients (p = 0.02). A significant reduction in the mortality risk was observed among whole-body CT patients whatever the adjustment method (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.99 after adjustment for baseline characteristics and post-CT treatment). Compared to the TRISS predicted survival, survival significantly improved for whole-body CT patients but not for selective CT patients. The pattern of early surgical and medical procedures significantly differed between the two groups.ConclusionsDiagnostic whole-body CT was associated with a significant reduction in 30-day mortality among patients with severe blunt trauma. Its use may be a global indicator of better management.

Published
2012

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