1. Oil Sands Derived Naphthenic Acids Are Oxidative Uncouplers and Impair Electron Transport in Isolated Mitochondria
- Author
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Collins Kamunde, Michael R. van den Heuvel, Don Stevens, Kate I. Rundle, and Mahmoud S. Sharaf
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Mitochondrial ROS ,Carboxylic acid ,Carboxylic Acids ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,010501 environmental sciences ,Mitochondrion ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Electron Transport ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Oil and Gas Fields ,14. Life underwater ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Membrane potential ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,General Chemistry ,Electron transport chain ,Mitochondria ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,13. Climate action ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Naphthenic acids (NAs) are predominant compounds in oil sands influenced waters. These acids cause numerous acute and chronic effects in fishes. However, the mechanism of toxicity underlying these effects has not been fully elucidated. Due to their carboxylic acid moiety and the reported disruption of cellular bioenergetics by similar structures, we hypothesized that NAs would uncouple mitochondrial respiration with the resultant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Naphthenic acids were extracted and purified from 17-year-old oil sands tailings waters yielding an extract of 99% carboxylic acids with 90% fitting the classical O2–NA definition. Mitochondria were isolated from rainbow trout liver and exposed to different concentrations of NAs. Mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, and ROS emission were measured using the Oroboros fluorespirometry system. Additionally, mitochondrial ROS emission and membrane potential were evaluated with real-time flow cytometry. Results showed NAs uncoupled...
- Published
- 2018
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