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Anaerobic bacteria have important roles in the microbiota of humans and they are significant infectious agents involved in many pathological processes, both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The objectives of this study is to detect anaerobic bacteria in bronchoalveolar lavage samples of patients with chronic chest Lesion in chest department in Beni -Suef university hospital. Patients & Methods : Each sample taken was placed immediately in previously prepared vacutainer containing thioglycolate media. Specimens from Thioglycollate broth after incubation were cultured on Brucella agar (Thermo Scientific™ Oxoid™) supplemented with 5% lysed sheep blood, hemin and Vitamin K1 . The plates were incubated at 37° c for 48-27 h in anaerobic condition. Commercial Kits RapID™ANA II System (Thermo Scientific™ Remel™ ) used for the identification of anaerobic isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for anaerobic isolates were done using MIC Test Strip (Liofilchem, Italy). Results : The isolated anaerobic organism from BAL specimens were 7 out of 25(28%). The anaerobic isolates were Prevotella (3), Veillonella (2), Lactobacillus (1) and Propionibacterium (1). Conclusion : Anaerobic bacteria are the most overlooked bacterial pathogens of the lower respiratory tract. They are often infrequently recovered from this site probably because of improper specimen collection and lack of appropriate anaerobic identification techniques.