1. Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps: miRNomes of the larvae and effects of miR-10-5p and let-7-5p on murine peritoneal macrophages
- Author
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Lucía Jiménez, Luz Navarro, Alicia Ochoa-Sánchez, and Abraham Landa
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cytoplasm ,Neurocysticercosis ,Biophysics ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Interferon-gamma ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Larvae ,Gene expression ,Taenia solium ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Research Articles ,Regulation of gene expression ,Taenia crassiceps ,Inflammation ,Cysticercosis ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Macrophages ,Cell Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Interleukin-12 ,Gene regulation ,medicine.drug_formulation_ingredient ,MicroRNAs ,microRNA (miRs) ,030104 developmental biology ,Larva ,Macrophages, Peritoneal ,Taenia ,Cytokines ,RNA ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Parasitology ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a major cause of neurological morbidity worldwide, is caused by the larvae of Taenia solium. Cestodes secrete molecules that block the Th1 response of their hosts and induce a Th2 response permissive to their establishment. Mature microRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and participate in immunological processes. To determine the participation of Taenia miRs in the immune response against cysticercosis, we constructed small RNA (sRNA) libraries from larvae of Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps. A total of 12074504 and 11779456 sequencing reads for T. solium and T. crassiceps, respectively, were mapped to the genomes of T. solium and other helminths. Both larvae shared similar miRNome, and miR-10-5p was the most abundant in both species, followed by let-7-5p in T. solium and miR-4989-3p in T. crassiceps, whereas among the genus-specific miRs, miR-001-3p was the most abundant in both, followed by miR-002-3p in T. solium and miR-003a-3p in T. crassiceps. The sequences of these miRs were identical in both. Structure and target prediction analyses revealed that these pre-miRs formed a hairpin and had more than one target involved in immunoregulation. Culture of macrophages, RT-PCR and ELISA assays showed that cells internalized miR-10-5p and let-7-5p into the cytoplasm and the miRs strongly decreased interleukin 16 (Il6) expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-12 secretion, and moderately decreased nitric oxide synthase inducible (Nos2) and Il1b expression (pro-inflammatory cytokines) in M(IFN-γ) macrophages and expression of Tgf1b, and the secretion of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokines) in M(IL-4) macrophages. These findings could help us understand the role of miRs in the host–Taenia relationship.
- Published
- 2019