1. Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe
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Marjan Mashkour, Anastasia Papathanasiou, Joris Peters, John Chapman, Anne Tresset, Simon Stoddart, Antonio Tagliacozzo, Canan Çakirlar, Jörg Schibler, Daniel Helmer, Ceiridwen J. Edwards, Caroline Malone, Vesna Dimitrijević, Andrea Zeeb-Lanz, Christina Geörg, Alexandros Triantafyllidis, Panoraia Alexandri, Ophélie Lebrasseur, Thomas Cucchi, Victoria E. Mullin, Michael P. Richards, James Haile, Laurent A. F. Frantz, Cevdet Merih Erek, John R. Stewart, Joachim Burger, Mihai Gligor, Jörg Orschiedt, Gennady F. Baryshnikov, Lucia Sarti, Rebecca Miller, Youri van den Hurk, Evan K. Irving-Pease, Allowen Evin, Hitomi Hongo, Richard P. M. A. Crooijmans, Jelena Bulatović, Max Price, Keith Dobney, Adina Boroneanţ, Anton Ervynck, Mike Parker Pearson, Joséphine Lesur, Elisabeth Stephan, Holley Martlew, Sepideh Maziar, Kurt J. Gron, Bea De Cupere, Kevin G. Daly, Valentin Dumitraşcu, Anders Götherström, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Azadeh Fatemeh Mohaseb, Richard Sabin, David Orton, Greger Larson, Lionel Gourichon, Cleia Detry, Clive Bonsall, François-Xavier Ricaut, Louis du Plessis, Jean-Denis Vigne, José Miguel Carretero, Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Mike J. Church, Hendrik-Jan Megens, Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute, Linus Girdland-Flink, Domenico Fulgione, Ross Barnett, Ron Pinhasi, Ninna Manaseryan, Liora Kolska Horwitz, Melinda A. Zeder, Peter Rowley-Conwy, Alexander Yanevich, Daniel G. Bradley, Amelie Scheu, László Bartosiewicz, Darko Radmanovic, Shiva Sheikhi, Michelle Alexander, Katerina Trantalidou, Cristina Valdiosera, Adrian Bӑlӑşescu, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Vincent M. Battista, Anna Linderholm, Norbert Benecke, Aslı Erim-Özdoğan, Rose-Marie Arbogast, Thomas H. McGovern, Audrey T. Lin, Sophie Van Poucke, Roger Matthews, Martien A. M. Groenen, Erik Meijaard, Wolfram Schier, Nenad Tasić, Dusan Boric, Frantz, Laurent A. F., Haile, Jame, Lin, Audrey T., Scheu, Amelie, Geörg, Christina, Benecke, Norbert, Alexander, Michelle, Linderholm, Anna, Mullin, Victoria E., Daly, Kevin G., Battista, Vincent M., Price, Max, Gron, Kurt J., Alexandri, Panoraia, Arbogast, Rose-Marie, Arbuckle, Benjamin, Balaşescu, Adrian, Barnett, Ro, Bartosiewicz, László, Baryshnikov, Gennady, Bonsall, Clive, ̧, Dušan Boric Adina Boroneant, Bulatovic, Jelena, Çakirlar, Canan, Carretero, José-Miguel, Chapman, John, Church, Mike, Crooijmans, Richard, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Dimitrijevic, Vesna, Dumitras ̧cu, Valentin, du Plessis, Loui, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Merih Erek, Cevdet, ̆an, AslıErim-Özdog, Ervynck, Anton, Fulgione, Domenico, Gligor, Mihai, Götherström, Ander, Gourichon, Lionel, Groenen, Martien A. M., Helmer, Daniel, Hongo, Hitomi, Horwitz, Liora K., Irving-Pease, Evan K., Lebrasseur, Ophélie, Lesur, Joséphine, Malone, Caroline, Manaseryan, Ninna, Marciniak, Arkadiusz, Martlew, Holley, Mashkour, Marjan, Matthews, Roger, Motuzaite Matuzeviciute, Giedre, Maziar, Sepideh, Meijaard, Erik, Mcgovern, Tom, Megens, Hendrik-Jan, Miller, Rebecca, Fatemeh Mohaseb, Azadeh, Orschiedt, Jörg, Orton, David, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Parker Pearson, Mike, Pinhasi, Ron, Radmanovic, Darko, Ricaut, François-Xavier, Richards, Mike, Sabin, Richard, Sarti, Lucia, Schier, Wolfram, Sheikhi, Shiva, Stephan, Elisabeth, Stewart, John R., Stoddart, Simon, Tagliacozzo, Antonio, Tasic, Nenad, Trantalidou, Katerina, Tresset, Anne, Valdiosera, Cristina, van den Hurk, Youri, Van Poucke, Sophie, Vigne, Jean-Deni, Yanevich, Alexander, Zeeb-Lanz, Andrea, Triantafyllidis, Alexandro, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Schibler, Jörg, Rowley-Conwy, Peter, Zeder, Melinda, Peters, Jori, Cucchi, Thoma, Bradley, Daniel G., Dobney, Keith, Burger, Joachim, Evin, Allowen, Girdland-Flink, Linu, Larson, Greger, Archaeology of Northwestern Europe, Groningen Institute of Archaeology, Piperno, Dolores R., Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Department of Natural Sciences, German Archaeological Institute (DAI), Texas A&M University [College Station], Transplant Research Program [Boston, MA, USA], Boston Children's Hospital, Archéologie et histoire ancienne : Méditerranée - Europe (ARCHIMEDE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Baylor University, University of York [York, UK], Stockholm University, Cardiff School of History, Ancient History, Archaeology and Religion, Cardiff University, Romanian Academy of Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), UNIARQ, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Stockholm Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Gestion des ressources naturelles , environnements et sociétés (GReNES), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Liverpool, HEC Paris - Recherche - Hors Laboratoire, Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris), School of Archaeology, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Connaissance Organisation et Systèmes TECHniques (COSTECH), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratorio di Paleontologia e Archeozoologia, Soprintendenza Speciale al Museo Nazionale Preistorico ed Etnografico 'L. Pigorini', Roma, Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico 'L. Pigorini, Institute of archaeology (UCL), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Basel (Unibas), Institut für Paläoanatomie und Geschichte der Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, University of Aberdeen, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Swine ,[SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology ,Skin Pigmentation ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Gene flow ,Domestication ,ddc:590 ,BREEDS ,DOMESTIC PIGS ,HISTORY ,0601 history and archaeology ,Neolithic ,History, Ancient ,Phylogeny ,Multidisciplinary ,060102 archaeology ,INTROGRESSION ,Europe ,pigs ,domestication ,genomes ,WILD ,06 humanities and the arts ,Archaeological evidence ,SPREAD ,Coat ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Evolution ,Zoology ,Locus (genetics) ,Biology ,Animal Breeding and Genomics ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Middle East ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animals ,Fokkerij en Genomica ,DNA, Ancient ,General ,ddc:930 ,Haplotype ,DNA ,900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie ,LONG ,SIZE ,030104 developmental biology ,domestication evolution gene flow Neolithic ,WIAS - Abstract
International audience; Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared and was replaced by haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for by substantial gene flow from local Euro-pean wild boars, although it is also possible that European wild boars were domesticated independently without any genetic contribution from the Near East. To test these hypotheses, we obtained mtDNA sequences from 2,099 modern and ancient pig samples and 63 nuclear ancient genomes from Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses revealed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near-complete disappearance of Near East ancestry. In addition, we demonstrate that a variant at a locus encoding black coat color likely originated in the Near East and persisted in European pigs. Altogether, our results indicate that while pigs were not independently domesticated in Europe, the vast majority of human-mediated selection over the past 5,000 y focused on the genomic fraction derived from the European wild boars, and not on the fraction that was selected by early Neolithic farmers over the first 2,500 y of the domestication process. domestication | evolution | gene flow | Neolithic
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- 2019