1. Microbial exposure during early human development primes fetal immune cells
- Author
-
Leong Jing Yao, Ravid Straussman, Avery Khoo May Lee, Kalyani Srinivasan, Gurmit Singh Naranjan Singh, David Vermijlen, Fabien Cottier, Nurhidaya Binte Shadan, Costerwell Khyriem, Gillian Low, Garold Fuks, Mahesh Choolani, Noam Shental, Salvatore Albani, Xiao Meng Zhang, Thet Tun Aung, Rhea Pai, Charles-Antoine Dutertre, Aviva Rotter-Maskowitz, Benoit Malleret, Archita Mishra, Svetoslav Chakarov, Adhika Shanti, Ghee Chuan Lai, Naomi McGovern, Regina Men Men Wong, Jerry Kok Yen Chan, Edwin Shepherdson, Alrina Shin Min Tan, Andrea Lee, Ankur Sharma, Pei Xiang Hor, Florent Ginhoux, Yiping Fan, Norman Pavelka, Shabnam Khalilnezhad, Phyllis Chen, McGovern, Naomi [0000-0001-5200-2698], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Adult ,immune priming ,T-Lymphocytes ,Bactériologie médicale ,microbiome ,Embryonic Development ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,fetal Development ,Lymphocyte Activation ,immune memory ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Fetus ,Pregnancy ,Placenta ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Immunologie ,medicine ,Leukocytes ,Humans ,Microbiome ,bacteria ,Lymph node ,030304 developmental biology ,Cell Proliferation ,0303 health sciences ,Microbial Viability ,Reproducibility of Results ,Dendritic Cells ,fetal immunity ,Treg ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,RNA, Bacterial ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,In utero ,Pregnancy Trimester, Second ,embryonic structures ,Tem ,Gestation ,Female ,microbes ,Staphylococcus ,Immunologic Memory ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Summary The human fetal immune system begins to develop early during gestation; however, factors responsible for fetal immune-priming remain elusive. We explored potential exposure to microbial agents in utero and their contribution toward activation of memory T cells in fetal tissues. We profiled microbes across fetal organs using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and detected low but consistent microbial signal in fetal gut, skin, placenta, and lungs in the 2nd trimester of gestation. We identified several live bacterial strains including Staphylococcus and Lactobacillus in fetal tissues, which induced in vitro activation of memory T cells in fetal mesenteric lymph node, supporting the role of microbial exposure in fetal immune-priming. Finally, using SEM and RNA-ISH, we visualized discrete localization of bacteria-like structures and eubacterial-RNA within 14th weeks fetal gut lumen. These findings indicate selective presence of live microbes in fetal organs during the 2nd trimester of gestation and have broader implications toward the establishment of immune competency and priming before birth.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF