Author: "INRA" / Topic: 03 medical and health sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"INRA"' showing total 48,887 results

Start Over Author "INRA" Topic 03 medical and health sciences

48,887 results on '"INRA"'

1. INRA Feeding System for Ruminants

Author: INRA, ., Noziere, Pierre, Sauvant, Daniel, Delaby, Luc, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], INRAredbook, Biology, INRAtion®, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Systali, Ruminant, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Food science, Animal nutrition, dietary supply model, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Animal health, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, Amino acid, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Inra feeding system, chemistry, feed intake, Digestion
Abstract: Ouvrage collectif (34 auteurs). Edition scientifique : P. Nozière et D. Sauvant à contribution égale et L. Delaby; International audience; The INRA Feeding System for Ruminants has been renewed to better address emerging challenges for animal nutrition: prevision of productive responses, product quality, animal health and emissions to the environment, in a larger extent of breeding contexts. The new system is mainly built from meta-analyses of large data bases, and modelling. The dietary supply model accounts for digestive interactions and flows of individual nutrients, so that feed values depend on the final ration. Animal requirements account for variability in metabolic efficiency. Various productive and non-productive animal responses to diets are quantified. This book presents the whole system for dairy and meat, large and small ruminant production, including specificities for tropical and Mediterranean areas. The first two sections present biological concepts and equations (with their field of application and statistical accuracy) used to predict intake (including at grazing) and nutrient supply (Section 1), animal’s requirements and multiple responses to diets (Section 2). They apply to net energy, metabolisable protein and amino acids, water, minerals and vitamins. Section 3 presents the use of concepts and equations in rationing with two purposes: (1) diet calculation for a given performance objective; and (2) prediction of the multiple responses of animal to diet changes. Section 4 displays the tables of feed values, and their prevision. All the equations and concepts are embedded in the fifth version of INRAtion® software for practical use.
Published: 2018

2. Soil microbial diversity drives the priming effect along climate gradients : a case study in Madagascar

Author: Volaniaina H. Ramaroson, Laetitia Bernard, Lionel Ranjard, Pierre-Alain Maron, Mélanie Lelievre, Kanto Razanamalala, Eric Blanchart, Tantely Razafimbelo, Claire Marsden, Chemidlin , Nicolas (Inra , Dijon . Umr Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement), Jean Trap, Samuel Dequiedt, Thierry Becquer, Laboratoire des Radio-Isotopes (LRI), Université d'Antananarivo, Université d'Antananarivo, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), LRI Laboratoire des RadioIsotopes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), GenoSol (plateforme de l'université de Bourgogne), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR210
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Carbon Sequestration, Climate, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Climate change, Biology, Microbiology, Soil, 03 medical and health sciences, Nutrient, Soil microbial, Madagascar, Organic matter, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, chemistry.chemical_classification, Bacteria, Ecology, Soil organic matter, Fungi, Temperature, Biodiversity, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Straw, Carbon, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Original Article, Priming (psychology)
Abstract: EA BIOmE INRA AGROSUP SUPDAT; International audience; The priming effect in soil is proposed to be generated by two distinct mechanisms: ‘stoichiometric decomposition’ and/or ‘nutrient mining’ theories. Each mechanism has its own dynamics, involves its own microbial actors, and targets different soil organic matter (SOM) pools. The present study aims to evaluate how climatic parameters drive the intensity of each priming effect generation mechanism via the modification of soil microbial and physicochemical properties. Soils were sampled in the center of Madagascar, along climatic gradients designed to distinguish temperature from rainfall effects. Abiotic and biotic soil descriptors were characterized including bacterial and fungal phylogenetic composition. Potential organic matter mineralization and PE were assessed 7 and 42 days after the beginning of incubation with 13C-enriched wheat straw. Both priming mechanisms were mainly driven by the mean annual temperature but in opposite directions. The priming effect generated by stoichiometric decomposition was fostered under colder climates, because of soil enrichment in less developed organic matter, as well as in fast-growing populations. Conversely, the priming effect generated by nutrient mining was enhanced under warmer climates, probably because of the lack of competition between slow-growing populations mining SOM and fast-growing populations for the energy-rich residue entering the soil. Our study leads to hypotheses about the consequences of climate change on both PE generation mechanisms and associated consequences on soil carbon sequestration.
Published: 2018

3. Characterizing germline APC and MUTYH variants in Ashkenazi Jews compared to other individuals

Author: Shilpa Grover, Fay Kastrinos, Hajime Uno, Anu Chittenden, Tara Fehlmann, Chinedu Ukaegbu, Matthew B. Yurgelun, Jennifer A. Inra, Sapna Syngal, and Zohar Levi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Adenoma, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Genes, APC, Colorectal cancer, 030105 genetics & heredity, Germline, Article, DNA Glycosylases, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, MUTYH, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Odds Ratio, Humans, Genetic Testing, Genetics (clinical), Germ-Line Mutation, business.industry, MUTYH-Associated Polyposis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Ashkenazi jews, Human genetics, Phenotype, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Jews, Etiology, Female, business, Colorectal Neoplasms
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Germline variants in the APC and MUTYH genes contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma risk, though may occur with varying frequencies in individuals of different ancestries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of APC, monoallelic MUTYH and biallelic MUTYH germline variants in Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) and Other Ancestry (OA) individuals with colorectal adenomas. METHODS: We studied 7,225 individuals with colorectal adenomas who had germline APC and MUTYH testing at a commercial laboratory. Cross-sectional medical history data were extracted from provider-completed test requisition forms. We performed bivariate analysis to compare the frequency of APC and MUTYH variants between AJ and OA, and examined APC p.I1307K and monoallelic MUTYH carrier phenotypes using logistic regression. RESULTS: Pathogenic APC variants occurred in 38/285 AJ (13%) and 1342/6940 OA (19%; P=0.09); biallelic MUTYH variants in 2/285 (1%) AJ and 399/6940 (6%) OA (P
Published: 2020

4. Authors’ reply

Author: Helen M. Shields, Stephen R. Pelletier, Edward L. Barnes, Navin L. Kumar, and Jennifer A. Inra
Subjects: Medical education, Letter, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, 020205 medical informatics, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Graduate medical education, 02 engineering and technology, Coaching, Knowledge acquisition, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Excellence, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Active learning, Teaching and learning center, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Medicine, Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Faculty development, business, Curriculum, media_common
Abstract: Jennifer A Inra,1,2 Stephen Pelletier,2 Navin L Kumar,1,2 Edward L Barnes,3,4 Helen M Shields1,2 1Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 3Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; 4University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Objectives: Traditional didactic lectures are the mainstay of teaching for graduate medical education, although this method may not be the most effective way to transmit information. We created an active learning curriculum for Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) gastroenterology fellows to maximize learning. We evaluated whether this new curriculum improved perceived knowledge acquisition and knowledge base. In addition, our study assessed whether coaching faculty members in specific methods to enhance active learning improved their perceived teaching and presentation skills.Methods: We compared the Gastroenterology Training Exam (GTE) scores before and after the implementation of this curriculum to assess whether an improved knowledge base was documented. In addition, fellows and faculty members were asked to complete anonymous evaluations regarding their learning and teaching experiences.Results: Fifteen fellows were invited to 12 lectures over a 2-year period. GTE scores improved in the areas of stomach (p0.05). All fellows believed the lectures were helpful, felt more prepared to take the GTE, and preferred the interactive format to traditional didactic lectures. All lecturers agreed that they acquired new teaching skills, improved teaching and presentation skills, and learned new tools that could help them teach better in the future.Conclusion: An active learning curriculum is preferred by GI fellows and may be helpful for improving transmission of information in any specialty in medical education. Individualized faculty coaching sessions demonstrating new ways to transmit information may be important for an individual faculty member’s teaching excellence. Keywords: active learning, fellowship, Gastroenterology Training Exam, faculty development
Published: 2017

5. Comparison of Colonoscopy Quality Measures Across Various Practice Settings and the Impact of Performance Scorecards

Author: Sapna Syngal, Jennifer Nayor, Sarathchandra I. Reddy, Margery Rosenblatt, Jennifer A. Inra, Fay Kastrinos, and Muthoka L. Mutinga
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Quality management, Adenoma, Physiology, Private Practice, Colonoscopy, Hospitals, Community, Screening colonoscopy, Gastroenterology, Asymptomatic, Tertiary Care Centers, Adenomatous Polyps, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient satisfaction, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Quality Indicators, Health Care, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterologists, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hospitals, Patient Satisfaction, Private practice, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Clinical Competence, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Quality performance measures for screening colonoscopy vary among endoscopists. The impact of practice setting is unknown. We aimed to (1) compare screening colonoscopy performance measures among three different US practice settings; (2) evaluate factors associated with adenoma detection; and (3) assess a scorecard intervention on performance metrics. This multi-center prospective study compared patient, endoscopist, and colonoscopy characteristics performed at a tertiary care hospital (TCH), community-based hospital (CBH), and private practice group (PPG). Withdrawal times (WT), cecal intubation, and adenoma detection rates (ADR) were compared by site at baseline and 12 weeks following scorecard distribution. Generalized linear mixed models identified factors associated with adenoma detection. Twenty-eight endoscopists performed colonoscopies on 1987 asymptomatic, average-risk individuals ≥50 years. Endoscopist and patient characteristics were similar across sites. The PPG screened more men (TCH: 42.8%, CBH: 45.0%, PPG: 54.2%; p
Published: 2016

6. Adjuvant Therapy for Node-Positive Esophageal Cancer After Induction and Surgery: A Multisite Study

Author: Frances Allison, Virginia R. Litle, Nasser K. Altorki, Brendon M. Stiles, Matthew L. Inra, Tara R. Semenkovich, Arlene M. Correa, Varun Puri, Eric Etchill, Juan A. Muñoz-Largacha, Yan Yan, Felix G. Fernandez, Melanie P. Subramanian, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Gail E. Darling, Andrew C. Chang, Benjamin D. Kozower, Bryan F. Meyers, Ray K. Chihara, Stephen R. Broderick, Alexander A. Brescia, and Stephen D. Cassivi
Subjects: Oncology, Male, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoadjuvant therapy, education.field_of_study, Academic Medical Centers, Esophageal cancer, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Esophagectomy, Lymphatic Metastasis, Education, Medical, Continuing, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Risk Assessment, Disease-Free Survival, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Adjuvant therapy, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, education, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Cancer, Retrospective cohort study, Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, United States, 030228 respiratory system, Surgery, Lymph Nodes, business, Chemoradiotherapy
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The benefit of adjuvant treatment for esophageal cancer patients with positive lymph nodes following induction therapy and surgery is uncertain. This in-depth multicenter study assessed the benefit of adjuvant therapy in this population. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study from 9 institutions included patients who: received neoadjuvant treatment, underwent esophagectomy from 2000–2014, and had positive lymph nodes on pathology. Factors associated with administration of adjuvant therapy were assessed using multilevel random-intercept modeling to account for institutional variation in practice. Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed based on adjuvant treatment status. Variables associated with survival were identified using Cox proportional hazards modeling. RESULTS: 1,082 patients were analyzed with node positive cancer following induction therapy and esophagectomy. 209 (19.3%) received adjuvant therapy and 873 (80.7%) did not. Administration of adjuvant treatment varied significantly from 3.2% to 50.0% between sites (p
Published: 2018

7. Surgical Resection of Rare Esophageal Cancers

Author: Francis C. Nichols, Shanda H. Blackmon, K. Robert Shen, William S. Harmsen, Matthew L. Inra, Jim Taswell, Mark S. Allen, Sahar A. Saddoughi, Stephen D. Cassivi, and Dennis A. Wigle
Subjects: Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Leiomyosarcoma, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Esophageal Neoplasms, Minnesota, medicine.medical_treatment, Small-cell carcinoma, 03 medical and health sciences, Rare Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Esophagus, Survival rate, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Middle Aged, Esophageal cancer, medicine.disease, Surgery, Esophagectomy, Survival Rate, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Adenocarcinoma, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, Sarcoma, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background Although surgical resection of adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is standard practice, the treatment strategy for other malignant rare esophageal cancers is still under debate. The aim of this study was to examine the treatment of rare malignant esophageal cancers and to evaluate the survival of these patients. Methods A retrospective review of all esophagectomies performed at Mayo Clinic from 1980 to 2014 (approximately 4,000 cases) identified 24 patients with histologic features other than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. Their medical records were reviewed for demographics, presenting symptoms, evaluation, surgical management, pathologic features, and short-term and long-term outcome. Results Pathologic identifications included small cell carcinoma, lymphoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma in 4 (16.7%) patients each and neuroendocrine, melanoma, leiomyosarcoma, sarcomatoid, sarcoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 2 (8.3%) patients each. The most common presenting symptoms included dysphasia in 91.7% patients (22/24), pain in 75.0% (18/24), and weight loss in 62.5% (15/24). Preoperative evaluation included barium swallow in 91.7% (22/24), computed tomography in 91.7% (22/24), positron emission tomography in 54.2% (13/24), esophagogastroduodenoscopy in 100% (24/24), and endoscopic ultrasonography in 29.2% (7/24) patients. The location of the tumor was at the gastroesophageal junction in 41.7% (10/24). There was no operative mortality, and 13 patients (54.16%) had at least one postoperative adverse event. The 1-year survival after esophagectomy was 69.7%, the 5-year survival was 42.7%, and the 10-year survival was 37.4%. Conclusions Esophageal cancer with pathologic features other than squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma is rare. Esophagectomy for rare types of malignant esophageal cancers should be considered part of the effective treatment paradigm.
Published: 2016

8. Arachidonic acid in Alzheimer's disease

Author: Mélanie Thomas, Jean Luc Olivier, Unité de Recherche Aliment et Fonctionnalité des Produits Animaux, Chu de Nancy, Inra Usc, Strasbourg, Nicolas Vitale, Upr Cnrs, Hôpital Central, Nancy, Sandra Pelleïeux, Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Composés Alimentaires : Biofonctionnalités et risques Neurotoxiques (CALBINOTOX), and Université de Lorraine (UL)
Subjects: " diet ", " lipids ", Amyloid beta, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Tau protein, Prostaglandin, " Alzheimer's disease ", Phospholipase, Pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, " amyloid-beta, MESH: arachidonic acid ", " inflammation ", Neuroinflammation, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Calpain, arachidonic acid ", 3. Good health, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], chemistry, biology.protein, Retrograde signaling, Arachidonic acid, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Alzheimer’s disease is a very complex disease in which neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunctions play a critical role in association with the two well-known molecular agents of the disease, the Aβ1-42 peptide oligomers and the hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Arachidonic acid, the main member of the ω-6 series, is quantitatively the second polyunsaturated fatty acid in brain and is mainly esterified in membrane phospholipids. It is specifically released by the cytosolic phospholipase A2 whose inhibition or gene suppression counteract the deleterious effects of Aβ1-42 peptide oligomers on cognitive abilities. Arachidonic acid can be reincorporated under the action of the acyl-CoA synthetase-4 and lysophospholipid acyltransferases which remain to be characterized. Free arachidonic acid can be involved in Alzheimer’s disease through several mechanisms. First it is converted by cyclooxygenases-1/2 and the specific prostaglandin synthases into PGE2 and PGD2 which contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation has positive as well as negative effects, by favoring Aβ1-42 peptide clearance on one hand and by increasing the production of neurotoxic compounds on the other hand. Second, free arachidonic acid is also involved in synaptic functions as a retrograde messenger and as a regulator of neuromediator exocytosis. Third, some studies indicated that free arachidonic acid and its derivatives activate kinases involved in tau hyperphosphorylation. In addition, the dietary sources of arachidonic acid in western food increased in the last period. Taken together, these various reports support the hypothesis that arachidonic acid is interesting target in nutrition-based preventive strategies against this disease.
Published: 2016

9. Thoracic aortic dissection associated with involvement by small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a possible underappreciated risk factor?

Author: Mathias G. McCormick, Gabor Bagameri, Matthew L. Inra, and Peter T. Lin
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Surgical pathology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Adventitia, medicine.artery, medicine, Risk factor, Aortic dissection, Aorta, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, Lymphoma, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: We report a case of a 77-year-old man with small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL/CLL) thought to be in remission who developed an acute type A thoracic aortic dissection despite no known risk factors for aortic dissection. Surgical pathology evaluation of the aorta specimen removed at surgery showed direct lymphocytic infiltration of the aortic adventitia and media in the region of the aortic dissection. The potential causative role and pathophysiologic mechanisms of SLL/CLL in aortic dissection are discussed.
Published: 2020

10. Couverture des besoins en acides aminés chez le porcelet alimenté avec des régimes à basse teneur en protéines

Author: Le Floc'h , Nathalie (Inra , Saint Gilles . Umr Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage ), Van Milgen , Jacob (Inra , Saint Gilles . Umr Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage ), M. Gloaguen, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, détermination des besoins, 0303 health sciences, alimentation animale, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], production animale, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, performance de croissance, 040201 dairy & animal science, apport protéique, acide aminé, 03 medical and health sciences, rejet azote, porcelet, porc, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Le coût élevé des matières premières ainsi que la pression environnementale rendent le contexte favorable à une réduction supplémentaire de la teneur en protéines des aliments des porcelets. Les acides aminés indispensables comme les acides aminés à chaîne ramifiée (la valine, l’isoleucine, la leucine) et l’histidine peuvent alors devenir des facteurs limitants pour la croissance. L’estimation du besoin en ces acides aminés est alors nécessaire pour équilibrer la protéine alimentaire et améliorer l’efficacité d’utilisation de l’azote. L’analyse de la réponse des performances à l’apport d’acides aminés est la méthode la plus employée pour estimer les besoins de croissance. Le protocole expérimental, le choix du critère de réponse et les méthodes d'estimation de la réponse sont des facteurs importants de la variation des besoins estimés. Les besoins moyens en valine, isoleucine, leucine et histidine, issus des données empiriques de la bibliographie et exprimés sur la base d'un rapport avec la lysine digestible iléale standardisée, sont respectivement estimés à 70, 52, 101 et 31 %. Cependant, tout comme les carences, les excès d’acides aminés peuvent réduire les performances car les acides aminés sont en compétition pour leur catabolisme et leur transport. L’incorporation de sources de protéines contenant de l’hémoglobine augmente le besoin en isoleucine et un excès de leucine dans l’aliment augmente l’effet de la carence en valine. L’adéquation entre les apports et les besoins en acides aminés doit être recherchée pour baisser l’apport de protéines, réduire les rejets azotés et assurer l’objectif de production., The current context is favorable for a further reduction in the crude protein content in piglet diets. Knowledge of amino acid requirements and the use of free amino acids in diets allow reducing the dietary crude protein content and improving nitrogen utilization while maintaining performance of piglets. In low-protein diets, the branched chained amino acids (valine, isoleucine, and leucine) and histidine have been identified as limiting amino acids for growth. Therefore, the estimation of their requirements is necessary to balance the dietary amino acid supply. Dose-response experiments are usually carried out to estimate amino acid requirements. The experimental design, the response criteria used and the statistical analysis method contribute to the variability in reported requirement estimates. The average valine, isoleucine, leucine and, histidine requirements, based on empirical data and expressed relative to lysine on a standardized ileal digestible basis, are estimated to be 70, 52, 101, and 31% respectively. Excess amino acids can reduce growth due to competition for catabolism and transport. The use of blood cells in the diet increases the isoleucine requirement and an excess leucine supply aggravates the effect of a valine deficiency. A better adequacy should be sought between the supply and requirements of amino acids to reduce the dietary crude protein content and to ensure the production objective.
Published: 2013

11. Nitric oxide in legume-rhizobium symbiosis

Author: Meilhoc, Eliane, Boscari, Alexandre, Bruand, Claude, Puppo, Alain, Brouquisse, Renaud, UMR INRA / CNRS : Interactions Plantes - Microorganismes, ., UMR INRA / CNRS / Univ. Nice : Interactions Biotiques en Santé Végétale, ., Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-07-BLAN-0117-02], and National Institute for Applied Sciences (INSA-Toulouse)
Subjects: Nitrogen fixation, Context (language use), Plant Science, Nitrate reductase, Nitric Oxide, Models, Biological, Nitric oxide, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Symbiosis, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Nitrogen Fixation, Botany, Genetics, 030304 developmental biology, Rhizobium, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Fabaceae, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Biochemistry, Legume, Signal transduction, Energy Metabolism, Agronomy and Crop Science, Function (biology), Signal Transduction
Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule with a broad spectrum of regulatory functions in plant growth and development. NO has been found to be involved in various pathogenic or symbiotic plant-microbe interactions. During the last decade, increasing evidence of the occurrence of NO during legume-rhizobium symbioses has been reported, from early steps of plant-bacteria interaction, to the nitrogen-fixing step in mature nodules. This review focuses on recent advances on NO production and function in nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. First, the potential plant and bacterial sources of NO, including NO synthase-like, nitrate reductase or electron transfer chains of both partners, are presented. Then responses of plant and bacterial cells to the presence of NO are presented in the context of the N(2)-fixing symbiosis. Finally, the roles of NO as either a regulatory signal of development, or a toxic compound with inhibitory effects on nitrogen fixation, or an intermediate involved in energy metabolism, during symbiosis establishment and nodule functioning are discussed.
Published: 2011

12. OQALI: A French database on processed foods

Author: Menard, Céline, Dumas, Céline, Goglia, Raffaella, Spiteri, Marine, Gillot, Nadine, Combris, Pierre, Ireland, Jayne, Soler, Louis Georges, Volatier, Jean-Luc, INRA-ANSES, ., Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Danish Food Information, Partenaires INRAE, and Observatoire de la Qualité de l'Alimentation
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, media_common.quotation_subject, computer.software_genre, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Labelling, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, NUTRITIONAL LABEL, medicine, Quality (business), Product (category theory), Market share, OQALI, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Database, business.industry, Public health, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, PROCESSED PRODUCT, ECONOMIC DATA, New product development, Food processing, Business, Food quality, computer, NUTRITIONAL CONTENT DATABASE, Food Science
Abstract: article présenté lors du 8. International Food Data Conference: Quality food composition data, key for health and trade ; Bankok (Thaïlande) - (2009-10-03 - 2009-10-04) / Conférence; International audience; The French Observatory of Food Quality (OQALI) is a project implemented in 2008, by the French Food Safety Agency (AFSSA) and the French National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA). It first aim is to develop indicators on nutritional variability and on the quantity and quality of labelling parameters, by food sector and possibly by type of brands. These indicators could be weighted by market shares, so as to reflect the nutritional impact of the processed foodstuffs most frequently sold. The second Oqali aim is to follow up the possible changes of these indicators over years. Data are collected at the product level to assess this nutritional variability. Product labels or manufacturers are the main sources of information. Some foodstuffs without nutrition labelling can be analyzed. Each product is described in the OQALI database as presented on the packaging. A new product is created whenever a new element is detected on the packaging. The OQALI database is designed to monitor any nutritional or labelling changes on foodstuffs .It is an essential tool to meet public health challenges and consumer expectations on nutritional information.
Published: 2011

13. Assessment of classical scrapie infectivity in sheep embryos

Author: Unité Mixte de Recherche Inra Envt Interactions Hôtes Agents Pathogènes
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Infectivity, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 030106 microbiology, Embryo, Classical scrapie, Biology, Virology
Published: 2017

14. Deep imaging of bone marrow shows non-dividing stem cells are mainly perisinusoidal

Author: James G. Peyer, Katherine Luby-Phelps, Sean J. Morrison, Zhiyu Zhao, Christabel Jaiyeola, Kiranmai S. Kocherlakota, Christopher N. Inra, Malea M. Murphy, Melih Acar, and Hideyuki Oguro
Subjects: Male, Cell division, Hematopoietic stem cell niche, Metaphysis, Biology, Article, Green fluorescent protein, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Live cell imaging, Bone Marrow, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Animals, Cell Lineage, Stem Cell Niche, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Microscopy, Confocal, Tibia, hemic and immune systems, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Chemokine CXCL12, Cell biology, Molecular Imaging, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Haematopoiesis, Arterioles, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Receptors, Leptin, Female, Bone marrow, Diaphyses, Stem cell, Biomarkers, Cell Division, alpha Catenin
Abstract: Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in a perivascular niche but the specific location of this niche remains controversial. HSCs are rare and few can be found in thin tissue sections or upon live imaging, making it difficult to comprehensively localize dividing and non-dividing HSCs. Here, using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) knock-in for the gene Ctnnal1 in mice (hereafter denoted as α-catulin(GFP)), we discover that α-catulin(GFP) is expressed by only 0.02% of bone marrow haematopoietic cells, including almost all HSCs. We find that approximately 30% of α-catulin-GFP(+)c-kit(+) cells give long-term multilineage reconstitution of irradiated mice, indicating that α-catulin-GFP(+)c-kit(+) cells are comparable in HSC purity to cells obtained using the best markers currently available. We optically cleared the bone marrow to perform deep confocal imaging, allowing us to image thousands of α-catulin-GFP(+)c-kit(+) cells and to digitally reconstruct large segments of bone marrow. The distribution of α-catulin-GFP(+)c-kit(+) cells indicated that HSCs were more common in central marrow than near bone surfaces, and in the diaphysis relative to the metaphysis. Nearly all HSCs contacted leptin receptor positive (Lepr(+)) and Cxcl12(high) niche cells, and approximately 85% of HSCs were within 10 μm of a sinusoidal blood vessel. Most HSCs, both dividing (Ki-67(+)) and non-dividing (Ki-67(-)), were distant from arterioles, transition zone vessels, and bone surfaces. Dividing and non-dividing HSCs thus reside mainly in perisinusoidal niches with Lepr(+)Cxcl12(high) cells throughout the bone marrow.
Published: 2015

15. Tu1116 One-on-One Individualized Coaching of Faculty Improves Self-Reported Teaching and Presentation Skills Among Presenters

Author: Helen M. Shields, Stephen R. Pelletier, Jennifer A. Inra, and Navin Kumar
Subjects: Medical education, 020205 medical informatics, Hepatology, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Gastroenterology, 02 engineering and technology, Coaching, 03 medical and health sciences, Presentation, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Psychology, media_common
Published: 2016

16. Functional and structural effect of intravitreal indocyanine green, triamcinolone acetonide, trypan blue, and brilliant blue G on rat retina

Author: Creuzot Garcher, Catherine, Acar, Niyazi, Passemard, Marie, Bidot, Samuel, Bron, Alain, Brétillon, Lionel, UMR INRA / Univ. Bourgogne / CNRS : Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, ., Department of Ophthalmology, ., Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ophthalmology, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)
Subjects: retina, intravitreal, Triamcinolone acetonide, indocyanine green, genetic structures, triamcinolone acetonide, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Rosaniline Dyes, Coloring Agents, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Protein Kinase C, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, biology, brillant blue g, General Medicine, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Inner nuclear layer, Female, Trypan blue, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, trypan blue, dyes, Injections, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, medicine, Animals, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, colorant, Retina, business.industry, Histology, eye diseases, Rats, Staining, Vitreous Body, chemistry, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, biology.protein, RAT, sense organs, electroretinography, business, Indocyanine green, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and structural damage of the retina after intravitreal injections of four different dyes in the rat. METHODS: Rats were injected intravitreally with indocyanine green (ICG), trypan blue, triamcinolone acetonide, or brilliant blue G in the right eye. The other eye was injected with saline and served as a control. Simultaneous bilateral electroretinograms were recorded before injection and 7 and 28 days after injection. Histology and immunohistochemistry analyses with antibodies recognizing glial fibrillary acidic protein and protein kinase C were performed 28 days after the initial injection on both eyes. RESULTS: Seven days after dye injection, the electroretinogram response of the treated eyes was altered in each group. At 1 month, eyes injected with triamcinolone acetonide, trypan blue, or brilliant blue G fully recovered, whereas eyes treated with ICG had A-wave and B-wave reduction of 65% and 63%, respectively. The inner nuclear layer thickness was statistically decreased in the ICG group (P = 0.003) but not with other dyes. Protein kinase C staining was decreased in the ICG group only, but no abnormal qualitative staining was found with either glial fibrillary acidic protein or protein kinase C antibodies with any dye. CONCLUSION: Among the four tested dyes, only ICG led to functional and structural retinal damage.
Published: 2010

17. Determination of the cluster of wheat rust resistance genes Yr17, Lr37, and Sr38 by a molecular marker

Author: Francoise Dedryver, Monika Ambrozková, Alena Hanzalová, Umr Inra-Ensar, and Veronika Dumalasová
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, biology, Soil Science, Virulence, Aegilops ventricosa, Plant disease resistance, biology.organism_classification, Stem rust, 01 natural sciences, Rust, 03 medical and health sciences, Horticulture, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Genetic marker, Molecular marker, Botany, Cultivar, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: AMBROZKOVA M., DEDRYVER F., DUMALASOVA V., HANZALOVA A., BARTOS P. (2002): Determination of the cluster of wheat rust resistance genes Yr17, Lr37, and Sr38 by a molecular marker. Plant Protect. Sci., 38: 41-45. A translocation from Aegilops ventricosa carrying genes Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 was verified in cultivars Hussar, Eureka, Torfrida, Renan, Rendezvous, Rapier and Brigadier by the molecular marker SCAR SC-Y15. Of the cultivars recently registered in the Czech Republic, only the western European cultivars Corsaire, Apache, Complet and Bill possessed the translocation carrying Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38. Cultivars Corsaire, Apache, Bill and Complet were highly or medium resistant to yellow rust and leaf rust in 1999-2001 field trials at Prague- Ruzyně, although virulence to Yr17 was found in the 2001 virulence survey also in the Czech Republic. Cultivars Corsaire, Apache and Bill displayed an above average resistance to stem rust, whereas Complet was susceptib le.
Published: 2002

18. Measuring and managing genetic variability in small populations

Author: Hubert de Rochambeau, Florence Fournet-Hanocq, Jacqueline (Inra . Ur Station d'Amélioration Génétique des Animaux) Vu Tien Khang, ProdInra, Migration, Station d'Amélioration Génétique des Animaux (SAGA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0402 animal and dairy science, Population genetics, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Biology, 040201 dairy & animal science, Genetic correlation, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 03 medical and health sciences, Effective population size, Genetic drift, Evolutionary biology, Genetic variation, Animal Science and Zoology, Genetic variability, Selection (genetic algorithm), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Genetic variability in small populations is affected by specific phenomena. The joint effects of genetic drift and selection, in addition to the decrease in genetic variance due to the mere selection (Bulmer effect), enhance the risk of losing alleles at selected or unselected genes and increase the inbreeding in the population by changing the family structure. Criteria for measuring this change in genetic variability are derived from the three approaches to describe the genetic variabil- ity. At the genealogical level, the kinship and inbreeding coefficients, or the effective population size, can be used. At the trait level, the estimation of its heritability is a good measure of remaining genetic variance. At the genome level, studying the polymorphism of known genetic markers can inform on the degree of genetic diversity. These criteria are to be integrated in specific tools for the management of the genetic variability. After a short introduction on the basic concepts needed for the study of genetic variability in small populations, the main criteria available to measure its change in populations is exposed and their relative efficiencies discussed. The strategies for monitoring genetic variability, deriving from the previous criteria, are illustrated through different examples. small population / genetic variability / genetic drift / genetic management / conservation programme
Published: 1997

19. Retinas of the Diurnal RodentArvicanthis ansorgeiAre Highly Resistant to Experimentally Induced Stress and Degeneration

Author: Boudard, Domitille L., Acar, Niyazi, Brétillon, Lionel, Hicks, David, UMR INRA / Univ. Bourgogne / CNRS : Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, ., Université de Strasbourg 1, UPR3212 Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), ., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Retinal degeneration, Light, Rodent, sprague dawlay, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, bright cyclic light, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, oxidative stress, methyl-N-nitrosoufrea, 0303 health sciences, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, mouse retina, Retinal Degeneration, Methylnitrosourea, Anatomy, docosahexaenoic acid, Circadian Rhythm, medicine.anatomical_structure, Docosahexaenoic acid, Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells, N-3 fatty acids, Phototoxicity, Alkylating Agents, medicine.medical_specialty, light-induced degeneration, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Stress, Physiological, biology.animal, Internal medicine, Electroretinography, medicine, Animals, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 030304 developmental biology, Retina, Retinal, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Muridae, rats, Tissue Degeneration, Disease Models, Animal, Endocrinology, rhodopsin, chemistry, regeneration, induced photoreceptor apoptosis, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, sense organs
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE. Environmentally induced stress plays a significant role in retinal degeneration and blindness both in animals and in humans. Among such sources of stress, phototoxicity is well studied and has been shown to lead to photoreceptor-specific loss in a number of species. However, the vast majority of studies have been conducted in nocturnal, albino rod-dominant rat and mouse strains, and the pertinence of such findings to human pathology and cone loss is debatable. The authors examined retinal vulnerability to damage in the diurnal murid rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei, a pigmented species with a large number of cones. METHODS. The authors used established protocols for exposing animals to a wide range of lighting conditions (variable intensity, duration, spectrum, previous light history, and time of exposure) and injecting N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU); each procedure is reported to produce rapid and complete photoreceptor-specific damage. Animals then underwent electroretinography to record rod and cone function and were subsequently euthanized and used for immunohistochemical analysis of retinal structure and quantification of free fatty acids. RESULTS. These standard regimens produced no detectable detrimental effects on A. ansorgei retinal phenotype, function, or structure. Partial retinal damage in A. ansorgei was induced by very intense blue light or elevated doses of MNU. This resistance was not attributable to differences in lipid composition (specifically, docosahexaenoic acid) between A. ansorgei and susceptible strains of mice and rats. CONCLUSIONS. The retina of this species exhibits exceptionally high resistance to damage from light and toxins such as MNU. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:8686-8700) DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8162
Published: 2011

20. Bilan génétique des programmes de conservation des races ovines Solognote et Mérinos précoce

Author: Djellali , A. (Inra , Thiverval-Grignon . Umr Unité mixte de recherche microbiologie et génétique moléculaire), J Vu Tien Khang, H. de Rochambeau, Etienne Verrier, ProdInra, Migration, and Revues Inra, Import
Subjects: lcsh:QH426-470, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Consanguinity, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Biology, PROBABILITES D'ORIGINE DES GENES, 03 medical and health sciences, Race (biology), Genetic resources, Genetics, Genetics(clinical), Selection (genetic algorithm), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:SF1-1100, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 040201 dairy & animal science, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Evolutionary biology, Animal Science and Zoology, lcsh:Animal culture
Abstract: International audience
Published: 1993

21. Le virus de la mosaïque du tabac chez le piment I. - Apparition en France du pathotype P1-2

Author: G. Marchoux, Edmond Pochard, Dumas de Vaulx , Robert (Inra , Montfavet . Ur Station d'amélioration des plantes maraîchères), Kahsay Gebre Selassie, Revues Inra, Import, Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Station d'amélioration des plantes maraîchères
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, résistance aux maladies, 0106 biological sciences, expression génique, hypersensibilité, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Virologie, virus de la mosaïque du tabac, poivron, virus, Biology, provence alpes côte d'azur, 01 natural sciences, capsicum annuum, 03 medical and health sciences, lignée, Virology, vaucluse, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0303 health sciences, symptôme, gène de résistance, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, infection, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Agricultural sciences, 3. Good health, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RESISTANCE GENETIQUE, mosaïque du tabac, Agronomy and Crop Science, Humanities, Sciences agricoles, agent pathogène, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Une nouvelle souche du virus de la mosaïque du tabac (VMT) a été isolée dans le Sud-Est de la France, à partir d’une variété de poivron commerciale « Lamuyo » portant le gène de résistance aux souches communes de VMT (pathotype P-0). La nouvelle souche (pathotype P1-2) présente 4 caractéristiques biologiques originales : - infection systémique des différents Capsicum résistants par hypersensibilité à la souche commune ; - absence d’infection systémique de la tomate ; - taille réduite des lésions locales chez différents hôtes hypersensibles aux 2 groupes de souches ; - symptômes généralement atténués chez les hôtes sensibles aux 2 groupes de souches. Toutes les origines de C. annuum et C. frutescens se sont révélées sensibles à la nouvelle souche, en revanche 4 lignées de C. chinense (PI 15225, PI 159230, PI 315008, PI 315023) sont apparues résistantes par hypersensibilité. Les 2 dernières ont été retenues pour un croisement interspécifique avec certaines variétés de C. annuum. Les plantes F1 qui sont autostériles peuvent être croisées en retour avec l’un ou l’autre des parents et les produits sont autofertiles., A new strain of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) was isolated from a commercial pepper variety « Lamuyo» which is normally resistant to common strain of TMV. Tomatoes, whether resistant or sensitive to common strain of TMV, were not infected with the new strain. The local lesions, with the new strain, were relatively very small, than those produced with our common strains. Similar strains, which have certain common biological properties have been already reported in Europe and U.S.A. All tested varieties of C. annuum and C. frustesceus were infected systemically ; symptoms in C. frutescens were more severe than those of C. annuum. Resistance by hypersensitivity was found in four C. chinense accessions (PI 15225, PI 159230, PI 315008 and PI 315023). Crossing of C. annuum with C. chinense PI 315008 and PI 315023 was possible. F1 plants were all resistant by hypersensitivity but sterile. However, back-crossing to either of the parents produced fertile progenies. Crossing was more easier with PI 315008 than with PI 315023.
Published: 1981

22. Milk metabolome reveals variations on enteric methane emissions from dairy cows fed a specific inhibitor of the methanogenesis pathway

Author: Diego P. Morgavi, Hamid Boudra, Bénédict Yanibada, Stéphanie Durand, Ulli Hohenester, Fabien Jourdan, Cécile Canlet, Anne Ferlay, Mélanie Pétéra, LESUR, Hélène, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plateforme Exploration du Métabolisme-MetaboHUB (PFEM-MetaboHUB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Metatoul AXIOM (E20 ), MetaboHUB-MetaToul, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Métabolisme et Xénobiotiques (ToxAlim-MeX), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Plateforme Exploration du Métabolisme (PFEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-MetaboHUB-Clermont, MetaboHUB-MetaboHUB, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Rumen, multiplatform metabolomics, [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Methanogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolomics, Lactation, Genetics, Metabolome, medicine, Animals, [SDV.SA.SPA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Food science, microbial metabolite, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, milk, 0303 health sciences, methane biomarker, Chemistry, dairy cow, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Metabolism, 040201 dairy & animal science, Diet, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Metabolic pathway, medicine.anatomical_structure, 13. Climate action, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Fermentation, Cattle, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Gas chromatography, Methane, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Metabolome profiling in biological fluids is an interesting approach for exploring markers of methane emissions in ruminants. In this study, a multiplatform metabolomics approach was used for investigating changes in milk metabolic profiles related to methanogenesis in dairy cows. For this purpose, 25 primiparous Holstein cows at similar lactation stage were fed the same diet supplemented with (treated, n = 12) or without (control, n = 13) a specific antimethanogenic additive that reduced enteric methane production by 23% with no changes in intake, milk production, and health status. The study lasted 6 wk, with sampling and measures performed in wk 5 and 6. Milk samples were analyzed using 4 complementary analytical methods, including 2 untargeted (nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer) and 2 targeted (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector) approaches. After filtration, variable selection and normalization data from each analytical platform were then analyzed using multivariate orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. All 4 analytical methods were able to differentiate cows from treated and control groups. Overall, 38 discriminant metabolites were identified, which affected 10 metabolic pathways including methane metabolism. Some of these metabolites such as dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylsulfone, and citramalic acid, detected by nuclear magnetic resonance or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods, originated from the rumen microbiota or had a microbial-host animal co-metabolism that could be associated with methanogenesis. Also, discriminant milk fatty acids detected by targeted gas chromatography were mostly of ruminal microbial origin. Other metabolites and metabolic pathways significantly affected were associated with AA metabolism. These findings provide new insight on the potential role of milk metabolites as indicators of enteric methane modifications in dairy cows.
Published: 2021

23. Genomic evidence for global ocean plankton biogeography shaped by large-scale current systems

Author: Richter, Daniel J., Watteaux, Romain, Vannier, Thomas, Leconte, Jade, Frémont, Paul, Reygondeau, Gabriel, Maillet, Nicolas, Henry, Nicolas, Benoit, Gaëtan, da Silva, Ophélie, Delmont, Tom O., Fernández-Guerra, Antonio, Suweis, Samir, Narci, Romain, Berney, Cedric, Eveillard, Damien, Gavory, Frederick, Guidi, Lionel, Labadie, Karine, Mahieu, Eric, Poulain, Julie, Romac, Sarah, Roux, Simon, Dimier, Céline, Kandels‐Lewis, Stefanie, Picheral, Marc, Searson, Sarah, Oceans, Tara, Pesant, Stéphane, Aury, Jean-Marc, Brum, Jennifer R., Lemaitre, Claire, Pelletier, Eric, Bork, Peer, Sunagawa, Shinichi, Lombard, Fabien, Karp-Boss, Lee, Bowler, Chris, Sullivan, Matthew B., Karsenti, Eric, Mariadassou, Mahendra, Probert, Ian, Peterlongo, Pierre, Wincker, Patrick, Vargas, Colomban de, Ribera d’Alcalà, Maurizio, Iudicone, Daniele, Jaillon, Olivier, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre National de Séquençage (France), National Fund for Scientific Research (Belgium), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Università degli Studi di Milano, Université Paris Sciences & Lettres, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), National Science Foundation (US), Veolia Foundation, Région Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L’Orient, Fondation EDF, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), University of British Columbia (UBC), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze FIsiche della Materia (CNISM), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (LS2N - équipe COMBI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Arizona, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), University of Maine, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), French National Research Agency (ANR)HYDROGEN/ANR-14CE23-0001, National Science Foundation (NSF)OCE-1536989, OCE-1829831, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Graphene Flagship, European Project: 634486,H2020,H2020-BG-2014-2,INMARE(2015), European Project: 287589,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-OCEAN-2011,MICRO B3(2012), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (COMBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Centre de Mathématiques et de Leurs Applications (CMLA), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biogeography, Oceans and Seas, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, plankton biogeography, genomics, Ecosystem, genetics, 14. Life underwater, microbial oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Seascape, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, metagenomics, General Immunology and Microbiology, Geography, General Neuroscience, Ocean current, fungi, Community structure, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Plankton, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, metabarcoding, ecology, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract: Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton geography and its relation to the biological, chemical, and physical context of the ocean (the ‘seascape’) by analyzing metagenomes of plankton communities sampled across oceans during the Tara Oceans expedition, in light of environmental data and ocean current transport. Using a consistent approach across organismal sizes that provides unprecedented resolution to measure changes in genomic composition between communities, we report a pan-ocean, size-dependent plankton biogeography overlying regional heterogeneity. We found robust evidence for a basin-scale impact of transport by ocean currents on plankton biogeography, and on a characteristic timescale of community dynamics going beyond simple seasonality or life history transitions of plankton., We thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors who made this expedition possible: CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001–02), the French Government ANR (projects FRANCE GENOMIQUE/ANR-10-INBS-09, MEMO LIFE/ANR-10-LABX-54, POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, MAPPI/ANR-2010-COSI-004, TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218), US NSF grant DEB-1031049, FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2, Agnès b., the Veolia Environment Foundation, Région Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L’Orient, the EDF Foundation EDF Diversiterre, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Etienne Bourgois, the Tara schooner and its captain and crew. We thank MERCATOR-CORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. The bulk of genomic computations were performed using the Airain HPC machine provided through GENCI- [TGCC/CINES/IDRIS] (grants t2011076389, t2012076389, t2013036389, t2014036389, t2015036389 and t2016036389). We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries who granted us sampling permissions.
Published: 2022

24. A Mathematical Model of Anaerobic Digestion with Syntrophic Relationship, Substrate Inhibition, and Distinct Removal Rates

Author: Radhouane Fekih-Salem, Nahla Abdellatif, Yessmine Daoud, Tewfik Sari, Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur [Tunis] (LR-LAMSIN-ENIT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), École Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique [Manouba] (ENSI), Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), Institut Supérieur d’Informatique de Mahdia (ISIMa), Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM), Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Engineering School of Tunis = Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis [University of Tunis El Manar] (ENIT), University of Tunis El Manar, Euro-Mediterranean research network TREASURE, University of Tunis El Manar, LAMSIN-ENIT, Tunisia, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LAMSIN), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole Nationale des sciences de l'informatique [Manouba] (ENSI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: anaerobic digestion, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, operating diagram, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Bi stability, Chemostat, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Syntrophy, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], 0101 mathematics, 030304 developmental biology, chemostat, 0303 health sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), bi-stability, inhibition, 010101 applied mathematics, Anaerobic digestion, Biochemistry, Modeling and Simulation, syntrophy, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Analysis
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we consider a mathematical model of syntrophic relationship between two microbial species of the anaerobic digestion process including mortality (or decay) terms. We focus on the acetogenesis and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis phases. Our study gives a quite comprehensive analysis of a syntrophic model by analyzing the joined effects of syntrophy relationship, mortality, substrate inhibition and input concentrations that were neglected in previous studies. Using a general class of growth rates, the necessary and sufficient conditions of existence and local stability of all steady states of the four-dimensional system are determined according to the operating parameters. This general model exhibits a rich behavior with the coexistence of two microbial species, the bi-stability, the multiplicity of coexistence steady states, and the existence of two steady states of extinction of the first species. The operating diagram shows how the model behaves by varying the control parameters and illustrates the effect of the inhibition and the new input substrate concentration (hydrogen) on the reduction of the coexistence region and the emergence of a bi-stability region. Similarly to the classical chemostat model, including the substrate inhibition can destabilize a two-tiered microbial 'food chain' where the stability depends on the initial condition.
Published: 2021

25. The conserved brassinosteroid-related transcription factor BIM1a negatively regulates fruit growth in tomato

Author: Fernando Carrari, Martine Lemaire-Chamley, Kentaro Mori, Christophe Rothan, Joana Jorly, Hiroshi Ezura, Erika Asamizu, Mariana Conte, Tsuyoshi Mizoguchi, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Ryukoku University, International Christian University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, University of Tsukuba, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, and This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan ('Japan-France Joint Laboratory Project'), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) (Bilateral Joint Research Project, grant to KM and ML-C), and the Region Aquitaine (Regal project no. 20111201002), and was carried under the auspices of the EU COST QualityFruit FA 1106
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Arabidopsis thaliana, Physiology, growth, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, tomato, 01 natural sciences, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Solanum lycopersicum, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Auxin, Arabidopsis, Transcriptional regulation, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Brassinosteroid, BIM, signalling, Transcription factor, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, food and beverages, fruit, Plants, Genetically Modified, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, brassinosteroids, chemistry, Ectopic expression, cell expansion, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that play key roles in plant development and defense. Our goal is to harness the extensive knowledge of the Arabidopsis BR signaling network to improve productivity in crop species. This first requires identifying components of the conserved network and their function in the target species. Here, we investigated the function of SlBIM1a, the closest tomato homolog of AtBIM1, which is highly expressed in fruit. SlBIM1a-overexpressing lines displayed severe plant and fruit dwarfism, and histological characterization of different transgenic lines revealed that SlBIM1a expression negatively correlated with fruit pericarp cell size, resulting in fruit size modifications. These growth phenotypes were in contrast to those found in Arabidopsis, and this was confirmed by the reciprocal ectopic expression of SlBIM1a/b in Arabidopsis and of AtBIM1 in tomato. These results determined that BIM1 function depends more on the recipient species than on its primary sequence. Yeast two-hybrid interaction studies and transcriptomic analyses of SlBIM1a-overexpressing fruit further suggested that SlBIM1a acts through its interaction with SlBZH1 to govern the transcriptional regulation of growth-related BR target genes. Together, these results suggest that SlBIM1a is a negative regulator of pericarp cell expansion, possibly at the crossroads with auxin and light signaling.
Published: 2020

26. Development and validation of an SNP-based new set of markers useful for early selection for Sharka disease in apricot (P. armeniaca)

Author: Véronique Decroocq, Jean Marc Audergon, Anne Bernole, Carole Confolent, Clarisse Auvinet, Naïma Dlalah, Arnaud Remay, Guillaume Roch, Patrick Lambert, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEP Innovation, BioGEVES, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ministère en charge de l'Agriculture-Groupement National Interprofessionnel des Semences, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), ISHS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, haplotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease, Computational biology, KASP™, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, marker-assisted selection, resistance, PRUNUS ARMENIACA L, Set (abstract data type), 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, SNP, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, sharka, Selection (genetic algorithm), arbre fruitier, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, virus phytopathogène, 0303 health sciences, Plum pox virus, IDENTIFICATION, Haplotype, KASP (TM), food and beverages, POX-VIRUS-RESISTANCE, fruit, Marker-assisted selection, SSR, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Sharka disease, due to the Plum pox virus, is a major threat to apricot trees. Most of the accessions world-wide and particularly those cultivated in Western Europe and the Mediterranean area are susceptible to the disease. A few resistance sources have been identified to date in cultivars developed in the US from a basis of Central Asian germplasm, all of these sharing the same genomic region associated with resistance to sharka in chromosome 1. Based on this, Simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers framing the MATH genes possibly responsible for the resistance have been developed in this region and a set of 2 SSRs (PGS1.21 and PGS1.24) and an indel (ZP002) was selected for identifying and discarding susceptible individuals at the plantlet stage of the apricot breeding process. However SSR markers could be difficult to implement by small teams due to the investment in hands-on time and equipment. As a consequence we turned to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to develop an alternative set of markers that could be cheaper and more easily implemented. Taking advantage of the numerous apricot genomic-sequences available at the UGAFL, we identified resistant/susceptible SNP/indel haplotypes and developed a set of three primer triplets (SP353, SP870, and SP871) based on the competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP™) technique by LGC genomics. This set was validated using a wide range of apricot accessions from different geographic origins and genetic backgrounds, concurrently with the original set of three SSRs. The new set gave similar results as the SSR-based set, was more convenient and, as a result, is now routinely used for early selection of apricot seedlings in our breeding programs.
Published: 2020

27. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV
Subjects: Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract: Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

28. Gestational anaemia and severe acute maternal morbidity: a population‐based study*

Author: Guignard, J., Deneux‐Tharaux, C., Seco, A., Beucher, G., Kayem, G., Bonnet, M.‐P., Langer, B, Dupont, C, Rudigoz, R.‐C, Venditelli, F, Rozenberg, P, Carbillon, L, Azria, E, Baunot, N, Crenn‐Hebert, C, Fresson, J, Mignon, A, Bouvier‐Colle, M.‐H, Chantry, A, Chiesa‐Dubruille, C, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, AP-HP, 92701 Colombes, France., Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Groupe de recherche clinique Centre Expert en Endométriose (GRC 6 - C3E), and Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Maternal morbidity, macromolecular substances, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Logistic regression, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, 030202 anesthesiology, Epidemiology, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Obstetrics, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Postpartum Period, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic, Confounding, Anemia, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Causality, Pregnancy Complications, Maternal Mortality, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Case-Control Studies, Gestation, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, France, business
Abstract: Anaemia is frequently diagnosed during pregnancy. However, there are few data regarding its incidence, and the association with severe maternal morbidity remains uncertain and potentially biased in high-resource countries. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between gestational anaemia and severe acute maternal morbidity during and after delivery. We performed a cohort-nested case-control analysis from the epidemiology of severe maternal mortality (EPIMOMS) prospective study conducted in six French regions (2012-2013, n = 182,309 deliveries). There were 1669 women with severe acute maternal morbidity during or after delivery, according to a standardised definition obtained by expert consensus. The control group were randomly selected among women without severe morbidity who delivered in the same health centres (n = 3234). We studied the association between gestational anaemia and severe acute maternal morbidity during or after delivery overall, by cause, and by mode of delivery, using multivariable logistic regression and multiple imputation. Gestational anaemia was significantly more frequent in women with severe acute maternal morbidity (25.3%) than in controls (16.3%), p < 0.001, and mostly mild in both groups. After adjustment for confounders, women with gestational anaemia were at increased risk of overall severe acute maternal morbidity during and after delivery (adjusted OR (95%CI) 1.8 (1.5-2.1)). This association was also found for severe postpartum haemorrhage (adjusted OR (95%CI) 1.7 (1.5-2.0)), even after omitting the transfusion criterion (adjusted OR (95%CI) 1.9 (1.6-2.3)), and for severe acute maternal morbidity secondary to causes other than haemorrhage or pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders (adjusted OR (95%CI) 2.7 (1.9-4.0)). These results highlight the importance of optimising the diagnosis and management of anaemia during pregnancy.
Published: 2020

29. Heterochromatin establishment during early mammalian development is regulated by pericentromeric RNA and characterized by non-repressive H3K9me3

Author: Juan M. Vaquerizas, Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla, Thomas Jenuwein, Elias R. Ruiz-Morales, Nathalie Beaujean, Xiaoyu Liu, Vincent Brochard, Sriharsa Pradhan, Stéphanie Le Gras, Hang Gyeong Chin, André Eid, Vishnu S. Udayakumar, Diego Rodriguez-Terrones, Quirze Rovira, Chenfei Wang, Adam Burton, Shaorong Gao, Carmen Galán, Kai Kruse, Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES), Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, München, Germany, Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Extremadura, Inmunologia y Genetica Aplicada, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences, Fudan University [Shanghai], New England Biolabs, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut cellule souche et cerveau (U846 Inserm - UCBL1), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics (MPI-IE), University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Biologie du développement et reproduction (BDR), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut cellule souche et cerveau / Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute (U1208 Inserm - UCBL1 / SBRI), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, and University of Lódź
Subjects: Male, Heterochromatin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Centromere, epigenetic reprogramming, Embryonic Development, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Methylation, Article, Epigenesis, Genetic, H3K9me3, Histones, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, Animals, Constitutive heterochromatin, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Epigenesis, Cell Nucleus, 0303 health sciences, Zygote, Pronucleus, fungi, Cell Biology, pre-implantation embryo, Embryo, Mammalian, Chromatin, Cell biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mice, Inbred CBA, RNA, Female, Reprogramming
Abstract: Following fertilization in mammals, the gametes are reprogrammed to create a totipotent zygote, a process that involves de novo establishment of chromatin domains. A major feature occurring during preimplantation development is the dramatic remodelling of constitutive heterochromatin, although the functional relevance of this is unknown. Here, we show that heterochromatin establishment relies on the stepwise expression and regulated activity of SUV39H enzymes. Enforcing precocious acquisition of constitutive heterochromatin results in compromised development and epigenetic reprogramming, which demonstrates that heterochromatin remodelling is essential for natural reprogramming at fertilization. We find that de novo H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) in the paternal pronucleus after fertilization is catalysed by SUV39H2 and that pericentromeric RNAs inhibit SUV39H2 activity and reduce H3K9me3. De novo H3K9me3 is initially non-repressive for gene expression, but instead bookmarks promoters for compaction. Overall, we uncover the functional importance for the restricted transmission of constitutive heterochromatin during reprogramming and a non-repressive role for H3K9me3.Burton et al. show that H3K9me3 deposition catalysed by SUV39H2 and regulated by pericentromeric RNAs in the mouse paternal pronucleus does not suppress gene expression, but bookmarks promoters for compaction.
Published: 2020

30. Optimal stopping for measure-valued piecewise deterministic Markov processes

Author: Maud Joubaud, Bertrand Cloez, Benoîte de Saporta, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Region Occitanie, Region Ile-de-France, French National Research Agency (ANR), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and de Saporta, Benoîte
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Mathematical optimization, General Mathematics, Population, Markov process, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), measure space, 010104 statistics & probability, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Bellman equation, FOS: Mathematics, population dynamics, Optimal stopping, 0101 mathematics, education, 030304 developmental biology, Mathematics, dynamic programming, 0303 health sciences, Sequence, education.field_of_study, Markov processes, Probability (math.PR), [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Dynamic programming, optimal stopping, symbols, Piecewise, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: This paper investigates the random horizon optimal stopping problem for measure-valued piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs). This is motivated by population dynamics applications, when one wants to monitor some characteristics of the individuals in a small population. The population and its individual characteristics can be represented by a point measure. We first define a PDMP on a space of locally finite measures. Then we define a sequence of random horizon optimal stopping problems for such processes. We prove that the value function of the problems can be obtained by iterating some dynamic programming operator. Finally we prove via a simple counter-example that controlling the whole population is not equivalent to controlling a random lineage.
Published: 2020

31. Isopropanol production from carbon dioxide in Cupriavidus necator in a pressurized bioreactor

Author: Louna Maignien, Jasbir Singh, Eric Lombard, Lucile Garrigues, Stéphane E. Guillouet, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), H.E.L Group, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ralstonia eutropha, 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Cupriavidus necator, Bioengineering, Isopropanol, Laboratory scale, 01 natural sciences, 2-Propanol, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bioreactors, 010608 biotechnology, Carbon source, Pressure, Bioreactor, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Autotroph, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), biology, Chemistry, Bioreactor design, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pulp and paper industry, Carbon dioxide, 13. Climate action, Autotrophy, Gas fermentation, Bacteria, Hydrogen, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; A bioreactor was designed to provide high gas mass transfer to reach cell and product titres in the g L-1 level from CO2 for realistic, laboratory scale, engineered autotrophic strain evaluation. The design was based on independent CO2, H-2 and air inputs and the ability to operate at high pressures. The bioreactor configuration and cultivation strategy enabled growth of Cupriavidus necator strains for long periods, to reach over 3 g L-1 dry cell weight. No negative impact of the high pressure was observed on viability of the strains up to more than 4 bar overpressure. The cultivation was then carried out using an engineered isopropanol producing strain; in this case, 3.5 g L-1 isopropanol was obtained from CO2 as the sole carbon source. This is the first reported demonstration of a successful production from engineered bacteria of product in the g L-1 range on CO2 , raising the prospect of future development of CO2-based bioprocesses.
Published: 2020

32. AtMYB92 enhances fatty acid synthesis and suberin deposition in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana

Author: Loïc Lepiniec, Sami Kazaz, Jean Thueux, Jérôme Joubès, Sébastien Baud, Alexandra To, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IJPB's Plant Observatory technological platforms, ANR-10-GENM-0009,SOLAR,Développer et tester de nouveaux outils biotechnologiques pour accroître la teneur en huile de la graine : une clé pour la production de chaînes hydrocarbonées chez les oléagineux.(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0007,SPS-GSR,Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay(2017), Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité associée au Département Biologie et Amélioration des Plantes (Associée BAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Nicotiana benthamiana, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, MYB92, suberin, Suberin, Tobacco, Genetics, MYB, Transcription factor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, transcription factor, Fatty acid synthesis, Plant Proteins, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Arabidopsis Proteins, Activator (genetics), Fatty Acids, Fatty acid, Lipid metabolism, Cell Biology, Plants, Genetically Modified, biology.organism_classification, Lipids, Plant Leaves, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, fatty acid, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Acyl lipids are important constituents of the plant cell. Depending on the cell type, requirements in acyl lipids vary greatly, implying a tight regulation of fatty acid and lipid metabolism. The discovery of the WRINKLED1 (WRI1) transcription factors, members of the AP2-EREBP (APETALA2-ethylene-responsive element binding protein) family, has emphasized the importance of transcriptional regulation for adapting the rate of acyl chain production to cell requirements. Here, we describe the identification of another activator of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, the Arabidopsis MYB92 transcription factor. This MYB and all the members of the subgroups S10 and S24 of MYB transcription factors can directly activate the promoter of BCCP2 that encodes a component of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Two adjacent MYB cis-regulatory elements are essential for the binding and activation of the BCCP2 promoter by MYB92. Overexpression of MYB92 or WRI1 in Nicotiana benthamiana induces the expression of fatty acid biosynthetic genes but results in the accumulation of different types of acyl lipids. In the presence of WRI1, triacylglycerol biosynthetic enzymes coded by constitutively expressed genes efficiently channel the excess fatty acids toward reserve lipid accumulation. By contrast, MYB92 activates both fatty acid and suberin biosynthetic genes; hence, the remarkable increase in suberin monomers measured in leaves expressing MYB92. These results provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms that control the biosynthesis of an important cell wall-associated acylglycerol polymer playing critical roles in plants.
Published: 2020

33. Venom Peptide Repertoire of the European Myrmicine Ant Manica rubida: Identification of Insecticidal Toxins

Author: Samira R. Aili, Elsa Bonnafé, Benjamin Lefranc, Graham M. Nicholson, Axel Touchard, Valentine Barassé, Mrinalini, Laurent Coquet, Alain Dejean, R. Manjunatha Kini, Thierry Jouenne, Pierre Escoubas, Michel Treilhou, Christophe Klopp, Nathan Téné, Jérôme Leprince, Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives (BTSB), Institut national universitaire Champollion [Albi] (INUC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, School of Environmental and Life Sciences - SELS (Callaghan, Australia), University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protein Science laboratory, Department of biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-forme de Protéomique PISSARO, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plate-Forme de Recherche en Imagerie Cellulaire de Haute-Normandie (PRIMACEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Venometech, European Commission, Region Normandie through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and Southeast Asian Biodiversity Genomics Center, National University of Singapore - R-154-000-648-646
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, pyroglutamate, Peptide, Lucilia caesar, Venom, glycosylated toxin, Manica rubida, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Ant venom, 03 medical and health sciences, peptidome, medicine, Threonine, polycationic α-helix, chemistry.chemical_classification, reversible neurotoxicity, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, biology, Toxin, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, ANT, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, predation, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; Using an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach, we characterized the venom peptidome of the European red ant, Manica rubida. We identified 13 "myrmicitoxins" that share sequence similarities with previously identified ant venom peptides, one of them being identified as an EGF-like toxin likely resulting from a threonine residue modified by O-fucosylation. Furthermore, we conducted insecticidal assays of reversed-phase HPLC venom fractions on the blowfly Lucilia caesar, permitting us to identify six myrmicitoxins (i.e., U3-, U10-, U13-, U20-MYRTX-Mri1a, U10-MYRTX-Mri1b, and U10-MYRTX-Mri1c) with an insecticidal activity. Chemically synthesized U10-MYRTX-Mri1a, -Mri1b, -Mri1c, and U20-MYRTX-Mri1a irreversibly paralyzed blowflies at the highest doses tested (30-125 nmol·g-1). U13-MYRTX-Mri1a, the most potent neurotoxic peptide at 1 h, had reversible effects after 24 h (150 nmol·g-1). Finally, U3-MYRTX-Mri1a has no insecticidal activity, even at up to 55 nmol·g-1. Thus, M. rubida employs a paralytic venom rich in linear insecticidal peptides, which likely act by disrupting cell membranes.
Published: 2020

34. Transmission of hepatitis C virus in HIV‐positive and PrEP‐using MSM in England

Author: Tetyana I. Vasylyeva, Yvonne Gilleece, Chris Davis, Daniel Bradshaw, Laura Waters, Julien Thézé, Mark Nelson, E. Thomson, Marianne Martinello, Graham S Cooke, Oliver G. Pybus, Emma E Page, Ruth Burholt, Gail V. Matthews, University of Maine, Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Injection drug use, Men who have sex with men, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 03 medical and health sciences, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Risk-Taking, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, Male, Phylogeny, Hepatology, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), virus diseases, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, England, Cohort, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Demography
Abstract: We sought to characterize risk factors and patterns of HCV transmission amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM with recently acquired HCV (AHCV) were prospectively recruited ('clinic cohort') between January and September 2017. Clinical data and risk behaviours were identified and blood obtained for HCV whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses were performed, using sequences from this cohort and two other AHCV cohorts, to identify transmission clusters. Sixteen (40.0%) men in the clinic cohort were HIV-negative MSM. HIV-negative MSM were younger than HIV-positive MSM; most (81.3%) had taken HIV PrEP in the preceding year. Eighteen men (45.0%) reported injection drug use; most (34, 85.0%) reported noninjection drug use in the last year. Most in both groups reported condomless anal sex, fisting and sex in a group environment. Few (7, 17.5%) men thought partners may have had HCV. There were 52 sequences in the HCV genotype 1a phylogeny, 18 from the clinic cohort and 34 from other AHCV cohorts; 47 (90.4%) clustered with ≥1 other sequence. There were 7 clusters of 2-27 sequences; 6 clusters contained HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM and 1 cluster only HIV-positive MSM. Four of these clusters were part of larger clusters first described in 2007. PrEP-using MSM are at risk of HCV, sharing similar risk factors to HIV-positive MSM. Phylogenetics highlights that PrEP-using and HIV-positive MSM are involved in the same HCV transmission networks. Few men demonstrated HCV awareness and risk reduction strategies should be expanded.
Published: 2020

35. The use of thermometer protective sheets provides reliable measurement of rectal temperature: a prospective study in 500 dogs

Author: M. Pic, D. Concordet, Olivier Dossin, F. Jolivet, Mark Rishniw, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Veterinary Information Network (VIN), Innovations Thérapeutiques et Résistances (InTheRes), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Royal Canin, The staff of VIN, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Veterinary Information Service, Partenaires INRAE, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), and the staff of VIN
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Thermometers, 040301 veterinary sciences, Dentistry, Sensitivity and Specificity, Temperature measurement, Body Temperature, 0403 veterinary science, Clinical study, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, Animals, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Small Animals, Prospective cohort study, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Temperature, Rectal temperature, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Repeatability, Life stage, Thermometer, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Body condition
Abstract: Objectives: To measure and compare rectal temperature measurement with and without thermometer protective sheaths. To survey veterinary practices regarding thermometer use and disinfection.Materials and Methods: Thermometers were validated with and without protective sheaths for accuracy and repeatability in a water bath with a high precision thermometer as reference. Then, the rectal temperature of 500 dogs was measured with and without protective sheaths in randomised order. The difference in temperature measured by the two methods was analysed with a generalised linear model with order of temperature measurement, life stage, dog size, body condition, level of consciousness, class of temperature and operator as explanatory variables. Practical thermometer use and disinfection was surveyed by online questionnaire.Results: In the pre-clinical phase, study thermometers recorded average temperature differences of -0.050.07 degrees C (mean +/- SD) and -0.03 +/- 0.08 degrees C with and without sheath, respectively and the coefficients of variation ranged from 0.1 to 0.5% with and without sheath. In the clinical study, temperatures measured with and without sheaths differed by less than +/- 0.2 degrees C for 92% of the measurements. None of the explanatory variables were associated with the observed differences. Twenty-five percent of survey respondents were aware of the guidelines for disinfection of thermometers.Clinical Significance: Thermometer protective sheaths do not affect the measurement of canine rectal temperature in the clinic.
Published: 2020

36. Active nuclear import of the deacetylase Sirtuin-2 is controlled by its C-terminus and importins

Author: Melanie Hamon, Francis Impens, Matthew J. G. Eldridge, Jorge M. Pereira, Chromatine et Infection - Chromatin and Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Interactions Bactéries-Cellules (UIBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MJGE is supported by a fellowship from the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). Work in the M.A.H. laboratory received financial support from the Institut Pasteur and the National Research Agency (ANR-EPIBACTIN)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-17-CE12-0007,EpiBactIn,Modifications epigenomiques induites par l'interaction hote-bacteries(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hamon, Melanie, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, and Modifications epigenomiques induites par l'interaction hote-bacteries - - EpiBactIn2017 - ANR-17-CE12-0007 - AAPG2017 - VALID
Subjects: Cytoplasm, HISTONE DEACETYLASE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PROTEIN, lcsh:Medicine, Sirtuin 2, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Sirtuin 2, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, 0303 health sciences, SIRT2 DEACETYLASE, Multidisciplinary, biology, Chemistry, LOCALIZATION, Acetylation, Cell cycle, Cell biology, Chromatin, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Sirtuin, MESH: Acetylation, MESH: Cell Nucleus, ACETYLATION, Active Transport, Cell Nucleus, Importin, MESH: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus, Karyopherins, SIRT2, SEQUENCE, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Nucleus, Protein translocation, MESH: Humans, IDENTIFICATION, Mass spectrometry, MUTATIONS, MESH: Cytoplasm, lcsh:R, MESH: Karyopherins, SIGNAL, MESH: HeLa Cells, biology.protein, lcsh:Q, Histone deacetylase, Nuclear transport, HeLa Cells
Abstract: We would like to acknowledge and thank Pascale Cossart for her valuable insight and support throughout the project and for her contribution towards the acquisition of financial support. We also thank Michael G. Connor for his help in the quantification and analysis of microscopy data.; International audience; The NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin-2 (SIRT2) functions in diverse cellular processes including the cell cycle, metabolism, and has important roles in tumorigenesis and bacterial infection. SIRT2 predominantly resides in the cytoplasm but can also function in the nucleus. Consequently, SIRT2 localisation and its interacting partners may greatly impact its function and need to be defined more clearly. In this study we used mass spectrometry to determine the interactomes of SIRT2 in whole cells and in specific cellular fractions; cytoplasm, nucleus and chromatin. Using this approach, we identified novel interacting partners of SIRT2. These included a number of proteins that function in nuclear import. We show that multiple importins interact with and contribute to the basal nuclear shuttling of SIRT2 and that one of these, IPO7 is required for SIRT2 mediated H3K18 deacetylation in response to bacterial infection. Furthermore, we reveal that the unstructured C-terminus of SIRT2 negatively regulates importin-binding and nuclear transport. This study demonstrates that SIRT2 is actively transported into the nucleus via a process regulated by its C-terminus and provides a resource of SIRT2 interacting partners.
Published: 2020

37. Differential DNA methylation in experienced meditators after an intensive day of mindfulness-based practice: Implications for immune-related pathways

Author: Maud Fagny, Antoine Lutz, Raphaëlle Chaix, Marta Cosín-Tomás, Laure Lemée, Béatrice Regnault, Richard J. Davidson, María Jesús Álvarez-López, Perla Kaliman, Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie (EAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Human Genetics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Génotypage des Eucaryotes (Plate-Forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Biomics (plateforme technologique), Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Healthy Minds [Wisconsin, MA, USA], University of Wisconsin-Madison, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Health Sciences [Barcelona, Spain], Universitat Oberta de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UOC), Chaix, Raphaëlle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Éco-Anthropologie (EA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), McGill University, and Plateforme technologique Biomics
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Stress management, Mindfulness, meditation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Methylation Site, Bioinformatics, Article, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Epigenome, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Longitudinal Studies, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Meditation, Epigenetics, media_common, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, epigenetics, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, business.industry, Methylation, DNA Methylation, Middle Aged, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, DNA methylation, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, methylation, business, Stress, Psychological, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The human methylome is dynamically influenced by psychological stress. However, its responsiveness to stress management remains underexplored. Meditation practice has been shown to significantly reduce stress level, among other beneficial neurophysiological outcomes. Here, we evaluated the impact of a day of intensive meditation practice (t2-t1 = 8 h) on the methylome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in experienced meditators (n = 17). In parallel, we assessed the influence of a day of leisure activities in the same environment on the methylome of matched control subjects with no meditation experience (n = 17). DNA methylation profiles were analyzed using the Illumina 450 K beadchip array. We fitted for each methylation site a linear model for multi-level experiments which adjusts the variation between t1 and t2 for baseline differences. No significant baseline differences in methylation profiles was detected between groups. In the meditation group, we identified 61 differentially methylated sites (DMS) after the intervention. These DMS were enriched in genes mostly associated with immune cell metabolism and ageing and in binding sites for several transcription factors involved in immune response and inflammation, among other functions. In the control group, no significant change in methylation level was observed after the day of leisure activities. These results suggest that a short meditation intervention in trained subjects may rapidly influence the epigenome at sites of potential relevance for immune function and provide a better understanding of the dynamics of the human methylome over short time windows.
Published: 2020

38. The Arabidopsis PAD4 Lipase-Like Domain Is Sufficient for Resistance to Green Peach Aphid

Author: Deepak D. Bhandari, Lucas Dijkgraaf, Jyoti Shah, Lani Archer, Laurent Deslandes, Monika Patel, Jane E. Parker, Joram A. Dongus, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Society, Foundation CELLEX, German Research Foundation (DFG) : CRC670, University of North Texas, and ANR-15-CE20-0016,RADAR,Activités Nucléaires de Récepteurs de l'Immunité associé à l'ADN(2015)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Transgene, Regulator, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, EDS1, Immunity, Arabidopsis, Plant defense against herbivory, PAD4, Pathogen, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aphid, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Cell biology, aphid, basal immunity, 030104 developmental biology, ETI, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Plants have evolved mechanisms to protect themselves against pathogenic microbes and insect pests. In Arabidopsis, the immune regulator PAD4 functions with its cognate partner EDS1 to limit pathogen growth. PAD4, independently of EDS1, reduces infestation by green peach aphid (GPA). How PAD4 regulates these defense outputs is unclear. By expressing the N-terminal PAD4 lipase-like domain (PAD4LLD) without its C-terminal EDS1-PAD4 (EP) domain, we interrogated PAD4 functions in plant defense. Here, we show that transgenic expression of PAD4LLD in Arabidopsis is sufficient for limiting GPA infestation but not for conferring basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunity. This suggests that the C-terminal PAD4 EP domain is necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions but is dispensable for aphid resistance. Moreover, PAD4LLD is not sufficient to interact with EDS1, indicating the PAD4-EP domain is required for stable heterodimerization. These data provide molecular evidence that PAD4 has domain-specific functions.
Published: 2020

39. Uraemic toxin‐induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells: protective effect of polyphenol‐rich extract from açaí

Author: Patricia Leticia Trindade, Angela Castro Resende, Graziele Freitas de Bem, Christophe O. Soulage, Julio Beltrame Daleprane, Elaine Soares, Magna Cottini Fonseca Passos, Elisa B. Monteiro, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Acai, Necrosis, Euterpe, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], uremic toxins, Inflammation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, Protective Agents, medicine.disease_cause, Antioxidants, endothelial dysfunction, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells, medicine, Humans, oxidative stress, Secretion, Viability assay, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Endothelial dysfunction, Cells, Cultured, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cell Death, biology, Plant Extracts, Superoxide Dismutase, Chemistry, Polyphenols, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Endothelial stem cell, inflammation, biology.protein, Cytokines, medicine.symptom, Biomarkers, chronic kidney disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress
Abstract: NEW FINDING: What is the central question of this study? Polyphenols shows protective cardiometabolic actions in different disease models. A potential role of a polyphenols-rich extract from acai in preventing uremic toxin-induced endothelial dysfunction in endothelial cells has not been previously reported. What is the main finding and its importance? We showed that polyphenols from acai prevented cell death, restored the migratory capacity, protected from inflammation and contributed to antioxidant response restoration in endothelial cells exposed to uremic toxins. The protective role of acai from toxic effects exerted by uremic toxins presents a potential new therapeutic target in endothelial cells. ABSTRACT: Aims In chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressive loss of kidney function results in the accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins such as p-cresyl-sulfate (p-CS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS). Among strategies to ameliorate uremic toxin harmful actions, phenolic compounds have been extensively studied. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of phenolic-rich acai seed extract (ASE), in response to endothelial dysfunction induced by IS and p-CS, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Main methods Cells were treated with ASE (10 mug/mL) in the presence or absence of IS (61 mug/mL) and p-CS (40 mug/mL). Cell viability, cell death, cell migratory capacity and inflammatory biomarker expression were evaluated. Cellular antioxidant response was measured through the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage was evaluated. Key findings IS and p-CS lowered cell viability, triggered cell death and lowered the migratory capacity in endothelial cells (p \textless 0.05). ASE prevented cell death and restored the migratory capacity in cells exposed to IS. Both toxins up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and ASE was able to beneficially counteract this effect. TNF-alpha secretion was greater in uremic toxins treated cells and ASE reversed this phenomenon in cells treated with both toxins concomitantly (p \textless 0.05). Regarding the antioxidant response, superoxide dismutase expression was strikingly lower in cells treated with both toxins, and ASE inhibited this harmful effect (p \textless 0.05). Significance From the results above, we conclude that ASE exerted protective effects on inflammation and oxidative stress caused by uremic toxins (particularly by IS) in human endothelial cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020

40. La viande et les produits du porc : comment satisfaire des attentes qualitatives variées ?

Author: Justine Faure, Bénédicte Lebret, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Brigitte Picard, Bénédicte Lebret, and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], consommateur, qualité de la viande, éleveur, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, filière, 040401 food science, porc
Abstract: Le porc est la principale viande consommée en France et dans le monde, sous forme d’une multitude de produits frais ou transformés. La grande diversité des produits aux caractéristiques intrinsèques particulières, associée aux attentes qualitatives spécifiques des différents acteurs de la filière, rend très complexe la notion de qualité de la viande porcine. Celle-ci inclut différentes composantes dont l’importance varie selon les acteurs et les produits considérés : valeur commerciale des carcasses ou des pièces de découpe, aptitude à la transformation en produits cuits ou secs, caractéristiques nutritionnelles et sensorielles, impact des conditions d’élevage sur le bien-être des animaux et l’environnement. Le développement d’outils de prédiction de la qualité de la viande et les démarches d’intégration des composantes qualitatives relatives aux produits et aux systèmes de production contribueront à mieux répondre aux attentes diverses des acteurs de la filière et à garantir la durabilité de la production., Pork is the first meat consumed in France and worldwide, either as fresh meat or various processed products. The wide variety of pork products exhibiting particular intrinsic characteristics together with the specific demands of the different actors of pork chains, make the notion of pork quality very complex. This includes many components whose importance depends on the chain actors and products considered: commercial value of carcasses or primary cuts, ability for processing into cooked or cured products, nutritional or sensory properties, impact of rearing conditions on animal welfare or the environment. The development of tools to predict pork quality and of approaches integrating quality components of products and production systems will contribute to fulfill the various demands of the chain actors and ensure the sustainability of pig production.
Published: 2020

41. How to collect non-medical data in a pediatric trial: diaries or interviews

Author: Corinne Alberti, Anaïs Le Jeannic, Hassani Maoulida, N. Tubiana-Rufi, Isabelle Durand-Zaleski, Sophie Guilmin-Crepon, Unité de recherche clinique en économie de la santé d’Ile-de-France [Paris] (URC Eco IdF), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité d'Epidémiologie clinique [Paris], AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service d'Endocrinologie et Diabétologie Pédiatriques [Paris], Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance [APHP Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1426 (CIC 1426), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Service de Santé Publique [Créteil], Groupe Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Equipe 5 : METHODS - Méthodes de l’évaluation thérapeutique des maladies chroniques (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This study was supported by Direction générale de l’offre de soin and sponsored by Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)., Bodescot, Myriam, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, data collection, Adolescent, Medicine (miscellaneous), Patient diary, law.invention, Interviews as Topic, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, investigator-led interview, Type 1 diabetes, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, lcsh:R5-920, Data collection, business.industry, Research, Ancillary Study, Health Care Costs, medicine.disease, Working time, Diaries as Topic, 3. Good health, time costs, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Caregivers, Child, Preschool, Family medicine, Economic evaluation, Female, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), patient diary, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Non-medical data, such as the amount of time that patients and caregivers spend managing their condition, may be relevant when assessing therapeutic strategies. For chronic pediatric conditions, the time that patients and caregivers spend in seeking and providing care (which are the indirect costs in an economic evaluation) can be significantly different depending on the treatment arm. To explore methods for collecting information on the care burden for caregivers and patients, we investigated whether a patient diary provided additional information compared to retrospective investigator-led interviews and whether a diary that was completed intermittently produced more or less information than a diary completed continually. The main objective of this study was to identify which type of data collection was most effective for measuring the time spent by caregivers and for estimating indirect treatment costs over 9 months. Methods Start-In! is a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of three strategies of real-time continuous glucose monitoring for 12 months in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. We designed an ancillary study to assess methods of collecting information on the time spent by patients and caregivers in managing their condition (indirect costs). Data were entered retrospectively in case report forms (CRFs) by investigators during quarterly follow-up visits, which were supplemented with diaries completed prospectively by children or caregivers either continuously or intermittently. Data about absences from school and work as well as the time that caregivers spent on diabetes care were collected and the three collection methods were compared. Results At the end of the 9-month study, 42% of the study participants failed to return their diary. For the diaries that were received, less than 10% of expected data were collected versus 82% during investigators'interviews. Based on all the information collected, we calculated that over 9 months, caregivers lost on average 3.9 days of working time (€786) and 4 days of personal time, i.e. the equivalent of €526, and spent around 15 min of time on care per day, i.e. the equivalent of €1700. Conclusions The CRFs completed by investigators during quarterly visits cannot be replaced by a diary. Completing the diaries appeared to represent an important additional burden to children and their caregivers, and the diaries provided little additional information compared to investigators’ entries in the CRF. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00949221. Registered on 30 July 2009. Registry name: Study of Insulin Therapy Augmented by Real Time Sensor in Type 1 Children and Adolescents (START-IN!).
Published: 2020

42. Evolutionary history of DNA methylation related genes in chordates: new insights from multiple whole genome duplications

Author: Huihua Hu, Jingwei Liu, Stéphane Panserat, Lucie Marandel, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture (NuMéA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), UMR 1419 Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology - Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS (UCAS), J.L. received a doctoral fellowship from the China Scholarship Council (File No. 201506330063), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, histoire évolutive, lcsh:Medicine, Chordate, Biology, Genome, Article, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, épigénétique, Genes, Duplicate, Gene Duplication, salmonids, Gene duplication, Biologie animale, Animals, Chordata, lcsh:Science, Gene, genome, Phylogeny, Animal biology, salmonidae, oncorhynchus mykiss, Multidisciplinary, Phylogenetic tree, méthylation de l'ADN, génome, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, chorde, lcsh:R, DNA Methylation, biology.organism_classification, rainbow trout, Fixation (population genetics), 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, DNA methylation, Molecular evolution, lcsh:Q, Gene expression, Adaptation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism involved in many biological processes, i.e. gametogenesis and embryonic development. However, increased copy numbers of DNA methylation related genes (dnmt, tet and tdg) have been found during chordate evolution due to successive whole genome duplication (WGD) events. Their evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. The present study is the first to clarify the evolutionary history of DNA methylation genes in chordates. In particular, our results highlight the fixation of several dnmt3-related genes following successive WGD throughout evolution. The rainbow trout genome offered a unique opportunity to study the early evolutionary fates of duplicated genes due to a recent round of WGD at the radiation of salmonids. Differences highlighted in transcriptional patterns of these genes during gametogenesis and ontogenesis in trout indicated that they might be subjected to sub- or neo-functionalisation after WDG. The fixation of multiple dnmt3 genes in genomes after WGD could contribute to the diversification and plastic adaptation of the teleost.
Published: 2020

43. A tunable filter for high molecular weight DNA selection and linked-read sequencing

Author: Adrien Castinel, Frederic Ginot, Aurélien Bancaud, Audrey Gibert, Olivier Bouchez, Géraud Bouwmans, Juan-Luis Fuentes Rojas, Cécile Donnadieu, Audrey Boutonnet, Laurent Bigot, Nicolas Milon, Karen Baudelle, Équipe Micro-Nanofluidique pour les sciences de la vie et de l’environnement (LAAS-MILE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Génome et Transcriptome - Plateforme Génomique ( GeT-PlaGe), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Picometrics Technologies, ANR-16-CE18-0028,MicroLAS,µ-Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Séparation des chromosomes : développement d'un outil pour le typage rapide des bactéries, levures et cellules de mammifères(2016), ANR-16-ASTR-0020,BIOPULSE,Dispositif de détection biologique ultrasensible de pathogènes prélevés par air pulsé.(2016), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire (LGC), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Photonique (Photonique), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Computer science, Sequencing data, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Third generation sequencing, Computational biology, Biochemistry, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 03 medical and health sciences, Cucumis melo, Particle Size, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Throughput (business), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Selection (genetic algorithm), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, DNA, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Molecular Weight, genomic DNA, Filter (video), [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 0210 nano-technology, Block size, High molecular weight dna
Abstract: International audience; In third generation sequencing, the production of quality data requires the selection of molecules longer than ∼20 kbp, but the size selection threshold of most purification technologies is smaller than this target. Here, we describe a technology operated in a capillary with a tunable selection threshold in the range of 3 to 40 kbp controlled by an electric field. We demonstrate that the selection cut-off is sharp, the purification yield is high, and the purification throughput is scalable. We also provide an analytical model that the actuation settings of the filter. The selection of high molecular weight genomic DNA from the melon Cucumis melo L., a diploid organism of ∼0.45 Gbp, is then reported. Linked-read sequencing data show that the N50 phase block size, which scores the correct representation of two chromosomes, is enhanced by a factor of 2 after size selection, establishing the relevance and versatility of our technology.
Published: 2020

44. OBEDIS Core Variables Project: European Expert Guidelines on a Minimal Core Set of Variables to Include in Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials of Obesity Interventions

Author: António L. Palmeira, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Martin Neovius, Martine Laville, Mikael Rydén, Andrea Natali, Maud Alligier, Romain Barrès, Kristina Campbell, David Jacobi, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Jean-Michel Oppert, Helen M. Roche, André Scheen, Karine Clément, Ellen E. Blaak, Yves Boirie, Gijs H. Goossens, Jason C.G. Halford, Luc Tappy, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Uberto Pagotto, Chantal Simon, Jörg Hager, Jildau Bouwman, Paul Brunault, Gema Frühbeck, Dominique Langin, Olivier Ziegler, Chantal Julia, Hans Hauner, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), TNO Science and Industry, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours (UT), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), KC Microbiome Communications Group, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (nutriomics) (UMR-S 1269 INSERM - Sorbonne Université), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona], Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA [Lausanne, Switzerland], University of Liverpool, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Klinikums rechts der Isar, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna (UNIBO), Université de Lisbonne, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, University of Helsinki, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Joint Programming Initiative Heathy Diet for Healthy Life, Alligier M., Barres R., Blaak E.E., Boirie Y., Bouwman J., Brunault P., Campbell K., Clement K., Farooqi I.S., Farpour-Lambert N.J., Fruhbeck G., Goossens G.H., Hager J., Halford J.C.G., Hauner H., Jacobi D., Julia C., Langin D., Natali A., Neovius M., Oppert J.M., Pagotto U., Palmeira A.L., Roche H., Ryden M., Scheen A.J., Simon C., Sorensen T.I.A., Tappy L., Yki-Jarvinen H., Ziegler O., Laville M., FCRIN/FORCE Network, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Novo Nordisk, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Nutrition clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Montpied, TNO,Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, UMR U 1253, Université de Tours, Nutrition et obésité : approches systémiques, Sorbonne Université, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Health, Primary Care and Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Navarra Public Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición - Biomedical Research Center in Red-Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), University of Navarra, University of Cape Town, Metabolic Phenotyping, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool (University of Liverpool), Institut für Ernährungsmedizin des Klinikums Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Medicine (Solna), Nutrition, Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Padova, CIPER, PANO-SR, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Diabètes, Nutrition et maladies métaboliques, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Physiologie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Endocrinologie, Diabetes et Nutrition, Hôpital Brabois, Maastricht University [Maastricht]-Maastricht University [Maastricht], Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Humane Biologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular health
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Research design, Gerontology, Health (social science), Psychological intervention, Choice Behavior, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA, Medicine, Medical History Taking, lcsh:RC620-627, Interventions, METABOLIC SYNDROME, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, ddc:616, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Precision medicine, Prognosis, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, 3. Good health, Europe, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Research Design, Variable, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Human, Prognosi, education, WEIGHT-LOSS, lcsh:TX341-641, Intervention, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY, Guidelines, Patient care, 03 medical and health sciences, Variables, Physiology (medical), Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, Obesity, Expert Testimony, Core set, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Stratification, medicine.disease, Diet, BODY-MASS INDEX, Clinical trial, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Biological Variation, Population, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Metabolic syndrome, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Heterogeneity of interindividual and intraindividual responses to interventions is often observed in randomized, controlled trials for obesity. To address the global epidemic of obesity and move toward more personalized treatment regimens, the global research community must come together to identify factors that may drive these heterogeneous responses to interventions. This project, called OBEDIS (OBEsity Diverse Interventions Sharing - focusing on dietary and other interventions), provides a set of European guidelines for a minimal set of variables to include in future clinical trials on obesity, regardless of the specific endpoints. Broad adoption of these guidelines will enable researchers to harmonize and merge data from multiple intervention studies, allowing stratification of patients according to precise phenotyping criteria which are measured using standardized methods. In this way, studies across Europe may be pooled for better prediction of individuals' responses to an intervention for obesity - ultimately leading to better patient care and improved obesity outcomes. © 2020 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
Published: 2020

45. New generation of controlled release phosphorus fertilizers based on biological macromolecules: Effect of formulation properties on phosphorus release

Author: Youssef Zeroual, Abdellatif Barakat, Abdallah Oukarroum, Isabelle Bertrand, M'barek Amjoud, Saloua Fertahi, Mohamed Ilsouk, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Gueliz, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University [Marocco] (UM6P), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Groupe OCP, OCP Group, INRA, and University Mohamed VI Polytechnic (UM6P) for providing financial support for this study (Atlass Project), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, LMCN, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz, Université Cadi Ayyad (Université Cadi Ayyad), OCP/Situation Innovation, OCP S.A., Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique [Ben Guerir] (UM6P), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro
Subjects: engrais phosphaté, Polymers, 02 engineering and technology, microscopie électronique à balayage, Biochemistry, Coating, chemistry.chemical_compound, phosphorus fertilizers, Structural Biology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Controlled release, Lignin, Biomass, pesticide formulations, Alginic acid, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Phosphorus fertilizer, Molecular Structure, Phosphorus, General Medicine, lignine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Alkali metal, 6. Clean water, Thermogravimetry, SEM, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug, Drug Compounding, lignin, chemistry.chemical_element, formulation, engineering.material, Polysaccharide, 03 medical and health sciences, Polysaccharides, medicine, biomasse, Fertilizers, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Spectrum Analysis, Carboxymethyl cellulose, matériau d'enrobage, chemistry, Delayed-Action Preparations, polysaccharide, engineering, Biopolymer, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: The main objective of this work was to study the possibility of using polysaccharides and lignin as a coating material for water-soluble triple superphosphate (TSP) granular fertilizers. In this study, composites based on three polysaccharides (sodium alginate (alginic acid sodium salt): AL, kappa-carrageenan: CR and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt: CM) and lignin (LG) were prepared. The lignin used was extracted from olive pomace (OP) biomass using the alkali method. The morphological, mechanical, and surface properties as well as the thermal behavior of the coatings were characterized and compared. Their morphology and thickness revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed good adhesion between the fertilizer and coating materials. The results showed that the lignin-carrageenan formulation (LGCR) exhibited the highest water absorbency and elastic modulus. Release tests showed the effect of the TSP/biopolymer mass ratio and that the slowest P release was obtained with the LGCR@TSP formulation composite within 3 day. In addition, 59.5% and 72.5% of P was released after 3 days with the TSP/biopolymer mass ratios of 5/1 and 15/1, respectively, compared to 100% P release with the uncoated TSP.
Published: 2020

46. Health care network formation and policyholders' welfare

Author: David Bardey, Jean-Marc Bourgeon, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Univ Rosario Bogota, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Economie Publique (ECO-PUB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), COMPETITION, Competition (economics), 03 medical and health sciences, jel:L42, horizontal differentiation, 0502 economics and business, Health care, PLANS, Health Care Network, 050207 economics, B- ECONOMIE ET FINANCE, media_common, Actuarial science, Ex-ante, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, MEDICARE MANAGED CARE, 05 social sciences, jel:I11, Network formation, Option value, jel:L11, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Health care network, health care quality, MARKET, MORAL HAZARD, jel:L14, INSURANCE, Managed care, Business, 0305 other medical science, Welfare, Health care quality
Abstract: We develop a model in which two insurers and two health care providers compete for a fixed mass of policyholders. Insurers compete in premium and offer coverage against financial consequences of health risk. They have the possibility to sign agreements with providers to establish a health care network. Providers, partially altruistic, are horizontally differentiated with respect to their physical address. They choose the health care quality and compete in price. First, we show that policyholders are better off under a competition between conventional insurance rather than under a competition between integrated insurers (Managed Care Organizations). Second, we reveal that the competition between a conventional insurer and a Managed Care Organization (MCO) leads to a similar equilibrium than the competition between two MCOs characterized by a different objective, i.e. private versus mutual. Third, we point out that the ex ante providers' horizontal differentiation leads to an exclusionary equilibrium in which both insurers select one distinct provider. This result is in sharp contrast with frameworks that introduce the concept of option value to model the (ex post) horizontal differentiation between providers.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Non-targeted and targeted analysis of collagen hydrolysates during the course of digestion and absorption

Author: Anne J. Kleinnijenhuis, Barbara Vanhoecke, Annet J.H. Maathuis, Yohann Wittrant, Janne Prawitt, Frédérique L. van Holthoon, Fabien Wauquier, Triskelion, Rousselot BVBA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Rousselot INRA Triskelion, Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Bioavailability, Protein Hydrolysates, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Bioaccessibility, Collagen hydrolysates, Absorption (skin), Hydrolysate, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Intestinal absorption, Absorption, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Animals, Humans, Ingestion, Food science, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, LC-MS, 0104 chemical sciences, Intestinal Absorption, Proteolysis, Collagen, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Digestion, Research Paper
Abstract: Protein hydrolysates are an important part of the human diet. Often, they are prepared from milk, soy, or collagen. In the present study, four different collagen hydrolysates were tested, varying in the average molecular weight and the animal source. Three types of samples, the dissolved start products, in vitro generated dialysates (containing the digested components that are potentially available for small intestinal absorption), and human serum collected after product ingestion, were analyzed using LC-MS to compare the state of the hydrolysates before and after absorption, i.e., uptake into the blood. It was found that the composition of the collagen hydrolysates prior to and after ingestion was highly complex and dynamic, which made it challenging to predefine a strategy for a targeted analysis. Therefore, we implemented a new analytical approach to first map hydrolysate data sets by performing non-targeted LC-MS analysis followed by non-targeted and targeted data analysis. It was shown that the insight gained by following such a top down (data) analytical workflow could be crucial for defining a suitable targeted setup and considering data trends beyond the defined targets. After having defined and performed a limited targeted analysis, it was found that, in our experimental setup, Hyp-Gly and especially Pro-Hyp contributed significantly as carrier to the total Hyp increase in blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate. Graphical abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00216-019-02323-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019

48. Common Pathological Mechanisms and Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease and Type-2 Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation

Author: Mohamed Haddad, Camelia Benlabiod, Emmanuel Moyse, Charles Ramassamy, Slavica Krantic, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique (U1170 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Communication Cellulaire en Biologie de la Reproduction, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Sante Biotechnologie, Pathologies biliaires, fibrose et cancer du foie (Inserm UMR_S 938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Foundation Armand-Frappier (Laval, Qc, Canada) Conseil Franco-Quebecois de Cooperation Universitaire (CFQCU) 2018/074
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, microglia, Inflammation, Type 2 diabetes, Disease, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Alzheimer Disease, Risk Factors, insulin resistance, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Pancreas, vasculopathy, Pathological, Neuroinflammation, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, advanced glycation end products, Amyloidosis, Brain, medicine.disease, cytokines, 3. Good health, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Neurology, innate immune response, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], hyperglycemia, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background :Diabetes is considered as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease, but it is yet unclear whether this pathological link is reciprocal. Although Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes appear as entirely different pathological entities affecting the Central Nervous System and a peripheral organ (pancreas), respectively, they share a common pathological core. Recent evidence suggests that in the pancreas in the case of diabetes, as in the brain for Alzheimer’s Disease, the initial pathological event may be the accumulation of toxic proteins yielding amyloidosis. Moreover, in both pathologies, amyloidosis is likely responsible for local inflammation, which acts as a driving force for cell death and tissue degeneration. These pathological events are all inter-connected and establish a vicious cycle resulting in the progressive character of both pathologies.Objective:To address the literature supporting the hypothesis of a common pathological core for both diseases.Discussion:We will focus on the analogies and differences between the disease-related inflammatory changes in a peripheral organ, such as the pancreas, versus those observed in the brain. Recent evidence suggesting an impact of peripheral inflammation on neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease will be presented.Conclusion:We propose that it is now necessary to consider whether neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease affects inflammation in the pancreas related to diabetes.
Published: 2019

49. Paclitaxel induces lymphatic endothelial cells autophagy to promote metastasis

Author: Anne-Catherine Prats, Barbara Garmy-Susini, Melinda Alves, Laurent O. Martinez, Charlotte Vaysse, Souad Najib, Anne Gomez-Brouchet, Julie Guillermet-Guibert, Eric Lacazette, Nicole Therville, Charlotte Chollet, Florence Tatin, Camille Franchet, Audrey Zamora, Tiffany Fougeray, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse - Oncopôle (IUCT), Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Garmy-Susini, Barbara, ProdInra, Migration, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Metastasis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Movement, Cancer, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, lcsh:Cytology, Chloroquine, 3. Good health, Endothelial stem cell, Lymphatic Endothelium, Lymphatic system, medicine.anatomical_structure, Paclitaxel, Lymphatic Metastasis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Lymph, Sentinel Lymph Node, Endothelium, Cell Survival, government.form_of_government, Immunology, Médecine humaine et pathologie, Breast Neoplasms, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cell Line, Tumor, Autophagy, Cell Adhesion, medicine, Humans, lcsh:QH573-671, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Endothelial Cells, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, chemistry, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, government, Cancer research, Human health and pathology, Lysosomes, business, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Cytotoxic therapy for breast cancer inhibits the growth of primary tumors, but promotes metastasis to the sentinel lymph nodes through the lymphatic system. However, the effect of first-line chemotherapy on the lymphatic endothelium has been poorly investigated. In this study, we determined that paclitaxel, the anti-cancer drug approved for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer, induces lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) autophagy to increase metastases. While paclitaxel treatment was largely efficacious in inhibiting LEC adhesion, it had no effect on cell survival. Paclitaxel inhibited LEC migration and branch point formation by inducing an autophagy mechanism independent of Akt phosphorylation. In vivo, paclitaxel mediated a higher permeability of lymphatic endothelium to tumor cells and this effect was reversed by chloroquine, an autophagy-lysosome inhibitor. Despite a strong effect on reducing tumor size, paclitaxel significantly increased metastasis to the sentinel lymph nodes. This effect was restricted to a lymphatic dissemination, as chemotherapy did not affect the blood endothelium. Taken together, our findings suggest that the lymphatic system resists to chemotherapy through an autophagy mechanism to promote malignant progression and metastatic lesions. This study paves the way for new combinative therapies aimed at reducing the number of metastases.
Published: 2019

50. Effect of oral citrulline supplementation on whole body protein metabolism in adult patients with short bowel syndrome: A pilot, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study

Author: S. Layec, Laurent Flet, Dominique Darmaun, Silvia Bernon-Ferreira, D. Picot, Adam Jirka, Nadège Grasset, Ronan Thibault, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles [UMR_A1280] (PhAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN), Clinique Saint-Yves [Rennes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The authors are indebted to Eliane Hivernaud, Stéphanie Bardot, and Fabienne Vavasseur for their dedicated care of the subjects enrolled in the clinical protocol, to Mikael Croyal, Véronique Ferchaud-Roucher, and Audrey Aguesse for their skillful help in mass spectrometry analyses as well to Dr Philippe Schneiter from Department of physiology at Medicine faculty of Lausanne University, Switzerland for the 13CO2 enrichment analysis., Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Short Bowel Syndrome, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Arginine, Protein metabolism, Administration, Oral, Pilot Projects, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Placebo, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Intestinal deficiency, Internal medicine, medicine, Citrulline, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Stable isotopes, 2. Zero hunger, Cross-Over Studies, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Blood Proteins, Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Short bowel syndrome, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Small intestine, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Amino acids, Female, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Homeostasis
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: As citrulline is produced by small intestine, plasma citrulline concentration is decreased and may become essential in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). In a rat model of SBS, citrulline supplementation enhanced muscle protein synthesis. The aim of the study was to determine whether citrulline impacts whole body protein metabolism in patients with SBS. METHODS: Nine adults with non-malignant SBS (residual small bowel 90 ± 48 cm; mean ± SD) who were in near-normal nutritional status without any artificial nutrition, were recruited long after surgery. They received 7-day oral supplementation with citrulline (0.18 g/kg/day), or an iso-nitrogenous placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design with a 13-day wash-out between regimens, and an intravenous 5-h infusion of L-[1-13C]-leucine in the postabsorptive state to assess protein metabolism after each regimen. RESULTS: Plasma citrulline concentration rose 17-fold (25 ± 9 vs. 384 ± 95 μmol/L) and plasma arginine 3-fold after oral citrulline supplementation (both p < 4 × 10-6). Supplementation did not alter leucine appearance rate (97 ± 5 vs. 97 ± 5 μmol kg-1.h-1; p = 0.88), leucine oxidation (14 ± 1 vs. 12 ± 1 μmol kg-1.h-1; p = 0.22), or non-oxidative leucine disposal (NOLD), an index of whole-body protein synthesis (83 ± 4 vs. 85 ± 5 μmol kg-1.h-1; p = 0.36), nor insulin or IGF-1 plasma concentrations. In each of the 3 patients with baseline citrulline
Published: 2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

48,887 results on '"INRA"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources