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Resume Objectifs Evaluer l’interet des tests de detection des HPV a haut risque (HPV HR) dans le depistage et le suivi apres traitement des lesions cervicales intra epitheliales de haut grade (LIEHG). Methodes Une revue systematique de la litterature de 2000 a 2019 a ete realisee incluant les mots clefs suivant : « human papilloma virus », « HPV testing », « cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion », « cervical cancer ». Resultats De nombreuses etudes randomisees et meta-analyses recentes ont des resultats concordants en faveur d’une superiorite des tests HPV HR par rapport au frottis cervico uterin (FCU) dans le depistage et le suivi post traitement des LIEHG. En depistage, la sensibilite des tests HPV HR est de 63 % a 98 % alors que celle du FCU est seulement de 38 % a 65 % pour la detection des LIEHG+ (LIEHG et cancers invasifs). Un test HPV HR negatif est associe a moins de 5 % de risque de LIEHG+ a 6 ans. De plus, apres exerese d’une LIEHG, les tests HPV HR possedent une sensibilite > 90 % et une specificite > 80 % pour predire l’echec de traitement. Un test HPV HR negatif apres conisation est associe a un risque d’echec Conclusions Les tests HPV HR sont performants, permettant un depistage precoce des LIEHG+, une identification des femmes a bas risque en cas de test negatif, et une prediction du risque d’echec apres traitement.

A reaction–diffusion mathematical model has been developed to predict the gastric digestion of meat proteins. The model takes into account pepsin diffusion and proton diffusion in bolus particles and the pH buffering capacity of meat. The computations show that the size of bolus particles and the change in gastric pH have a substantial effect on the percentage of protein digested in the stomach and that the pH buffering capacity of meat has to be accounted for to properly calculate the gastric digestibility of meat. The intensity of surface transfers between stomach fluid and bolus particles has a significant impact on protein digestibility, whereas the variation in pepsin content in the stomach between individuals appears to have little effect on protein digestibility. From a nutritional standpoint, the simulations show that meat protein digestibility is high under normal physiological stomach conditions. However, in a situation where masticatory capacity, hydrochloric acid secretion and gastric motor function performances are reduced, such as with advancing age, protein digestibility rapidly decreases, ultimately leading to near-zero digestibility value in the stomach in extreme cases.

Perinatal exposure of rat pups to the HexaBromoCycloDoDecane (HBCDD) α-isomer affects sexual maturation and copulatory behavior at the adult stage. 14. International Congress of Toxicology

Background This work aimed at characterizing 12 isolates of the genus Tuber including Tuber melanosporum (11 isolates) and Tuber brumale (one isolate). This was done using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, confirming their origin. Results Analysis of their mating type revealed that both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 exist within these isolates (with 3 and 8 of each, respectively). We observed that each of these cultures was consistently associated with one bacterium that was intimately linked to fungal growth. These bacterial associates failed to grow in the absence of fungus. We extracted DNA from bacterial colonies in the margin of mycelium and sequenced a nearly complete 16S rDNA gene and a partial ITS fragment. We found they all belonged to the genus Rhodopseudomonas, fitting within different phylogenetic clusters. No relationships were evidenced between bacterial and fungal strains or mating types. Rhodopseudomonas being a sister genus to Bradyrhizobium, we tested the nodulation ability of these bacteria on a promiscuously nodulating legume (Acacia mangium), without success. We failed to identify any nifH genes among these isolates, using two different sets of primers. Conclusions While the mechanisms of interaction between Tuber and Rhodopseudomonas remain to be elucidated, their interdependency for in vitro growth seems a novel feature of this fungus. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2756-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The lifetime of many plant organs does not exceed a few weeks or a few months. These organs separate from the plant at the level of specialized abscission zones. The observation of xylem vasculature in abscission zones, a largely neglected subject, revealed original features when a vessel casting method was used. In all species of dicotyledons examined so far, flower and leaf abscission zones possessed heterogenous metaxylem vessels adjoining protoxylem and secondary xylem vessels with homogenous patterns of lignified thickenings. Heterogenous metaxylem vessel thickenings were helical, reticulate, or scalariform elements when in the abscission zone and pitted elements on the proximal and the distal sides. The origin and possible role of these vessels are considered. Data obtained on the flower abscission zone of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) suggest that formation of heterogenous vessels results from localized changes in the rhythm of cell differentiation and cell maturation inside the procambium-cambium continuum.Key words: abscission zone, cambium, differentiation, heterogenous vessels, procambium, vessel cast.