1. GIS-based approach to identify climatic zoning: A hierarchical clustering on principal component analysis
- Author
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Mamy Harimisa Radanielina, Garry Rivière, Ludovic Fontaine, Jean-Philippe Praene, Bruno Malet-Damour, Physique et Ingénierie Mathématique pour l'Énergie, l'environnemeNt et le bâtimenT (PIMENT), Université de La Réunion (UR), Université d'Antananarivo, and Université de La Réunion - UFR Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement (UR UFRSHE)
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Geographic information system ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Clustering ,Multivariate interpolation ,Chart ,Givoni Bioclimatic Chart ,[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] ,Madagascar ,[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering ,021108 energy ,Cluster analysis ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,PCA ,business.industry ,Environmental resource management ,Thermal comfort ,Building and Construction ,15. Life on land ,GIS ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,Hierarchical clustering ,13. Climate action ,Principal component analysis ,Environmental science ,Climate zone ,business ,Zoning - Abstract
In tropical environments, the design of bioclimatic houses adapted to their environment represents a crucial issue when considering thermal comfort and limiting energy consumption. A preliminary aspect of such design endeavors is the acquisition of accurate knowledge regarding the climatic conditions in each region of the studied territory. The objective of this paper is to propose a climatic zoning for Madagascar from a database of 47 meteorological stations by performing hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC). The results are then combined with spatial interpolation using geographic information system (GIS) tools, enabling us to define three climate zones corresponding to dry, humid and highland areas. These results make it possible to define standard meteorological files to evaluate the thermal performance of traditional Malagasy houses. Regardless of the type of house and the areas considered, the percentage of thermal comfort according to the Givoni bioclimatic chart varies from average values of 20% without ventilation to 70% with an air velocity of 1 m/s. In summary, Madagascar's traditional habitat typologies have adapted over time to the constraints of their environment.
- Published
- 2019