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Due to the sharp edges and corners, concave-convex undulations and poor regularity of gangue blocks, the coordination structure of crushed gangue materials is influenced and the occlusive effect, intercalation and stress concentration of gangue blocks are significantly changed during the loading and compression. Based on the CT scanning test and 3D reconstruction technology, the digital 3D model of the real shape of irregular gangue block was obtained in this paper. Based on the two shape indexes of elongation and flakiness, the gangue blocks were divided into four shapes: Knife shape, bar shape, disk shape and cube shape. The numerical model of FLAC/PFC continuous-discrete coupled particle flow for crushed gangues under the triaxial compression was established. Crushed gangue models were made by gangue block containing single shape blocks or mixed-shape blocks. The influence of block shape on the macro deformation response and meso-fabric evolution of crushed gangue under triaxial compression was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: Li et al. (2020a) [1] the more irregular the block shape, the higher the natural accumulation void ratio of the crushed gangue sample. The mixing of irregular blocks in different shapes can increase the natural accumulation void ratio of the sample, and the particle size mixing can significantly reduce the natural accumulation void ratio of the sample; Li et al. (2017) [2] the block shape affects the bearing capacity of the crushed gangue sample, and the worse the shape regularity, the lower the bearing capacity of the crushed gangue sample. The bearing capacity (B) of crushed gangue with different block shapes is ordered as Bcube > Bbar > Bdisk > Bknife; Huang et al. (2017) [3] the worse the shape regularity of the block, the more significant the block movement and fragmentation, and the worse the structural stability of the skeleton force chain. The structural stability of the skeleton force chain (CS) is ordered as CScube > CSbar > CSdisk > CSknife. The research results are of great significance for the further understanding of mechanical properties of crushed gangue materials and the selection and preparation of crushed gangue materials in engineering.

In the solid backfill mining, gangue solid wastes (GSW) are used as the main filling materials. The void ratio and void structure of GSW filling materials under the loaded compression in the goaf are the key factors that affect the heavy metal ion migration with the mine water. In this paper, the transparency of the internal structure of GSW filling materials was realized by CT scanning experiment and 3D reconstruction technology, and then the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of void ratio and void structure of GSW filling materials were studied under the loaded compression. The results show that: (a) With the progress of loading process, the connectivity between adjacent voids is getting worse, and closed voids are gradually formed; (b) The void's equivalent diameter is mainly concentrated in the range of 15 mm - 25 mm; (c) The change in the overall void ratio of GSW is mainly caused by the change of large voids, and the change of small voids has slight contribution to the change of the overall void ratio. However, the sharp increase in the number of small voids can reflect the poor connectivity and permeability between the voids. This research is of great significance to further understand the migration mechanism of heavy metal ions in the filled goaf, and protect the groundwater environment.

Lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics (RFEs) exhibit a broader variety of phenomena in comparison with the “canonical” lead-containing compositions, rendering them attractive for newly multifunctional m...

Broken gangue from the collapsing roof of a longwall coal panel can be used as the backfilling material for goaf backfilling. The particle size gradation has important influence on the compressive deformation of the gangue backfilling material and particle breakage. The compressive deformation of the gangue backfilling materials at 4 different particle size grades is simulated by PFC3D in this paper. The law of the compressive deformation of the gangue backfilling material, the particle cluster distribution and the variation of the gangue block shape are analyzed. The microscopic mechanism of the compressive deformation of the gangue backfilling material is investigated based on the force-chain distribution. The results indicate that when the gangue backfilling material has a small particle size, the specimen has low porosity and a few amounts of the broken particles can fill the pores of the material. When the particles have relatively large sizes, the specimen has relatively high porosity and the broken particles are unable to completely fill the pores. The loading conditions of the particles can only be changed by the frame structure formed by the large particles. If the proportion of the particle size grade is reasonable, a frame structure forms due to the large particles and the small particles with various particle sizes can fill the pores of the backfilling material. This enhances the deformability of the gangue and decreases the compressive deformation of the backfilling material. After backfilled into the goaf, the backfilling material bears the overburden pressure, which means the process of roof convergence is the process of compressive deformation of the backfill body. That is to say, the stiffer the backfilling material, the better the control effect. The importance of the reasonable proportion of the particle size grade is explained from the aspect of microscopic breakage of the particles, which provides a scientific basis for backfill mining.

For Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based complex oxides, a critical bottleneck is that a higher depolarization temperature Td is often obtained at the cost of sacrificing their piezoelectricity d33 (d33 ∝ 1/Td), which severely restricts the further development of this kind of promising material. Here, by combining compositional materials selection with rapid quenching in liquid nitrogen from ultra-high temperatures, we report an advance in simultaneously achieving a large d33 (232 ± 5 pC N−1) and a high Td (188 °C) in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based complex oxides. In situ characterization indicates that the superior performance (232 pC N−1 < d33 < 281 pC N−1) can be maintained in a wide working temperature range (25 °C < T < 185 °C). A series of quenching treatments and multi-scale structural analyses (ion environment, lattice distortion and domain evolution) reveal that the increased coherence length (the size of unit cells sharing the same ferroelectric symmetry) of the ferroelectric lattice enhances the ferroelectric ordering and leads to the deferred Td. Theoretical simulations and experimental results validate the quenching-induced redistribution of A-site ions. And the resulting enhanced ferroelectric polarization compensates the degenerated dielectric response, accounting for the effectively increased Td without decreasing the superior piezoelectric response. This research provides a paradigm for designing high-performance Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based electromechanical materials in a wide working temperature range.

Due to the presence of pores and low density, a high recoverable energy density (Wrec) value is usually obtained at the cost of energy storage efficiency (η) in lead-free potassium sodium niobate [(K, Na)NbO3, KNN] based ceramics, which also affects the hardness of ceramics, finally limiting the further development of practical applications. A high Wrec (∼3.60 J/cm3 ) and a high η (∼74.2%) are obtained in 0.975K0.5Na0.5NbO3-0.025LaBiO3 (0.975KNN-0.025LB) ceramics simultaneously under a high dielectric breakdown strength (DBS) of 340 kV/cm, together with a fast discharge rate (t0.9 ∼ 46 ns) and high power density (PD ∼ 49.4 MW/cm3). Further analysis of the intrinsic electronic structure is carried out via the first-principles calculation based on the density functional theory (DFT). An ultrahigh hardness (H) of 6.63 GPa can be accordingly obtained. This work combines excellent energy storage properties and ultrahigh hardness, which provides significant guidelines for applications in pulsed-power systems.

In this work, Co3O4 was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal and subsequent calcination treatment for electrochemical detection of H2O2. In order to improve the electrochemical performance of Co3O4, it is compounded with the carbon materials derived from cypress leaves, loofah sponge, and pine needles. The electrochemical tests suggested that Co3O4/loofah sponge-derived carbon showed higher electrochemical activity towards H2O2 than the other two composites. The sensor based on Co3O4/loofah sponge-derived carbon exhibited a broad linear range from 5.00 μM to 11.40 mM, with a sensitivity of 47.83 μA mM−1 cm−2 and a detection limit of 1.50 μM (S/N = 3). Thus, this novel nonenzymatic sensor had potential application in H2O2 detection.

In this paper, NiO, Ni7S6, and different proportions of Ni7S6/NiO hybrids were synthesized by solvothermal method. The crystal structure, valence, and morphology of the prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical performance of the prepared materials was tested by a series of electrochemical methods. And, the results showed that the electrochemical properties of Ni7S6/NiO composites were superior to those of Ni7S6 and NiO, which may be due to the synergistic effect between Ni7S6 and NiO. Furthermore, Ni7S6/NiO-30% shows the best electrochemical properties among the prepared samples. The electrochemical sensor based on the Ni7S6/NiO-30% has good electrocatalytic behavior for glucose oxidation, with a wide linear range from 0.09 to 3.12 mM, low detection limit (0.3 μM), long-term stability, and considerable reproducibility. Furthermore, it has good selectivity and could be used in human serum samples. Thus, this novel non-enzyme sensor has potential application in glucose detection.

In solid backfilling coal mining (SBCM), the deformation resistance of crushed gangue particle material (CGPM) is critical for controlling overburden strata movement and ground surface subsidence. In engineering practice, CGPM is generally circularly compacted first by the compaction machine to reduce its compressibility. However, a systematic approach to guide the compaction practices does not appear to be available. This study implemented an experimental approach to investigate the macroscopic deformation and particle crushing characteristics of CGPM during constant amplitude cyclic loading (CACL) and continuously loading again after CACL (CL-CACL). At the same time, the influence mechanism of particle crushing on macroscopic deformation of CGPM was also revealed. The results show that the residual compression ratio increased with the cyclic loading times in CACL experiments, but in CL-CACL experiments, the final compression ratio decreased with the cyclic loading times that the samples have borne before, which indicates that cyclic loading can significantly improve the deformation resistance of CGPM. It is also shown that the crushing ratio (Bg) increased with the cyclic loading times in CACL experiments. However, it was opposite in CL-CACL experiments. There existed a piecewise linear relationship between the residual compression ratio and the crushing ratio, which indicates the particle crushing is a key factor to leads macroscopic deformation of CGPM. The research can reveal the influence mechanism of particle crushing on macroscopic deformation of CGPM and provide a systematic approach to guide the compaction engineering practices in SBCM.

Ferroelectric electrocaloric (EC) materials represent a promising alternative for environment-friendly cooling technologies to replace vapor-compression-based refrigeration. The general strategy is to construct the relaxor phase transition around room temperature (RT) to improve the EC effect and expand its operating temperature. However, this strategy sacrifices the inherent EC response of ferroelectrics and needs a high excitation electric field (ΔE). Guided by the physical origin of the EC effect in ferroelectrics, we designed a lead-free BaTiO3-based ceramic to realize the close, successive ferroelectric–ferroelectric and ferroelectric–paraelectric (FP) transitions, which induce a broad metastable-phase-transition region near RT. In this ceramic, the ferroelectric polar matrix and reduced energy barriers greatly facilitate the polarization rotation/reversion, maintaining the strong ferroelectric polarization but large polarization change in a wide temperature range. We achieved a large EC coefficient ΔT/ΔE of >0.3–0.35 K mm kV−1 at a small ΔE of 5–15 kV cm−1, and a high temperature change ΔT of >0.9 K (40 kV cm−1). More importantly, our system exhibits a broad temperature span of a large EC effect, which greatly exceeds the performance of previous BaTiO3-based reports employing single FP relaxor transition, even twice wider than that of them. This work offers a new general solution to design EC materials with superior performances for practical EC cooling applications.

Electrostrictors offer unique advantages over piezoelectrics, including no poling process, temperature stability and hysteresis-free strain characteristics. Learning from the distinction between disordered and ordered ABI0.5BII0.5O3 perovskite-structured electrostrictors, the electrostrictive effect enhances with a smaller active space for B ions. Here, we propose a novel design strategy to arouse the potential capacity of electrostriction in BaTiO3-based materials by A-site Li+–Ho3+ ion-pairs engineering. In this way, limited active space for a Ti-site is expected due to the contracted oxygen octahedron around ion-pairs, resulting in smaller polarization per unit magnitude of electric field but a larger strain per unit magnitude of polarization and therefore an enhanced longitudinal electrostrictive coefficient Q33. A systematic analysis evidenced that Li+ and Ho3+ ions tend to occupy the neighboring Ba-sites in one unit cell of BaTiO3, and directly form Li+–Ho3+ ion-pairs along the [001] direction. Besides, partial fragmented domain patterns induced by local structural heterogeneity due to the involvement of ion-pairs are detected in samples with higher dopants, benefiting suppression of hysteresis in strain curves. Consequently, the (Li, Ho) co-doped BaTiO3 ceramics by A-site engineering exhibit giant Q33 up to 0.06 m4 C−2 which is superior to other lead-bearing/free electrostrictive materials, meeting the requirement of a thermal stability (20–150 °C) – low hysteresis (

For perovskite ferroelectric oxides, the composition-induced transition from ferroelectrics to relaxors can enhance their electrostrictive coefficient Q33 remarkably, and has been attracting more and more attention in recent years. Achieving a larger electro-strain response is one of the most original driving forces for pursuing higher Q33 values, while the two are often incompatible. Herein, taking the promising relaxor ferroelectric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) as the research object, we report the excellent electrostriction-like electro-strain behaviors (0.41% ≤ Suni ≤ 0.46%, 25 ≤ T ≤ 125 °C; Suni exhibits only 2.23% decline after 105 cycles) together with a series of enhanced Q33 values (0.029–0.047 m4 C−2). Accompanied by the reconstruction of de-coupled A–O interactions, the electric-field-induced relaxor to ferroelectric state transition contributes to the superior electro-strain behaviors, while the enhanced Q33 will greatly degenerate during this transition process. In contrast to the non-hysteretic electrostriction observed in linear dielectrics, for NBT-based relaxor ferroelectrics, the peculiar coexistence of ferroelectric in-phase a0a0c+ and anti-phase a−a−a− tiltings is suggested to contribute to the enhanced electrostriction-like behaviors observed in this work. These observations indicate that NBT-based systems can be considered as a potential family of peculiar lead-free electrostrictors for application in the field of actuators.

Electromechanical actuators with toxic lead-based electrostrictive materials dominate the market of high-precision electronics devices, so one of urgent aims becomes how to explore the new generation of ecofriendly electrostrictive materials with superior electrostriction behaviors. Herein, a strategy of modifying the active space for the B-site in lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics arouses the potential capacity of electrostriction, including K

The crushed gangue materials which are filled into the goaf in solid-backfilling coal mining become the main body of bearing the overburden after the tamping process. Its resistance to deformation is the key to control overburden movement and surface subsidence. Particle breakage affects the resistance to deformation of filling materials. In this paper, a confined compression test of crushed gangue under different loading rates was designed, and the acoustic emission (AE) signal was monitored in the process of confined compression. The test results showed that with the increase of loading rate, the anti-deformation ability of crushed gangue showed a dynamic change process of increasing, decreasing, and then increasing again. With the increase of loading rate, the breakage degree of the samples decreased, the proportion of large-sized gangue increased, the growth period of AE counts showed an obvious hysteresis phenomenon, and the AE activity level of the gangue increased gradually. The research results can not only provide a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of crushed gangue filling materials but also provide a reference for the engineering application of solid-filling coal mining.

In this work, three-dimensional (3D) amine-terminated ionic liquid (IL) covalently functionalized graphene/Pd composite aerogels are successfully fabricated via a facile and green reduction-inducing self-assembly method. The morphology and composition of the obtained 3D IL-rGO/Pd composite aerogels are studied by means of TEM, SEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, BET, and Raman spectroscopy. In those composites, the cations of NH2-IL introduced to the surface of graphene sheets can avoid the restacking of graphene sheets and enlarge the specific surface area, which provide efficient transport pathways for improving the catalytic performance. The negatively charged Pd precursors (PdCl42−) are adsorbed on positively charged imidazolium ring moiety of NH2-IL to engender Pd NPs with small particle sizes uniformly distributed on the graphene sheets, which can maximize the active surface area of catalysts and enhance their catalytic activity. The catalytic studies show that the 3D IL-rGO/Pd composite aerogels can be used as efficient, easy separation, recyclable, and stable catalysts for the Suzuki cross-coupling reactions under mild conditions, and the catalytic efficiency shows no obvious loss even after ten repeated cycles.

Ultrasonic driven wireless charging technology has recently gained increasing attention. High-performance potassium sodium niobate [(K, Na)NbO3, KNN] based ceramics and its potential application on energy harvesting device are presented in this work. A series of lead-free 0.964(K0.48Na0.52)Nb0.96Sb0.04O3-0.032(Bi0.5Na0.5)ZrO3-xBiFe0.9Co0.1O3 [KNNS-BNZ-xBFC] piezo-ceramics are first designed and prepared to search for good piezoelectric properties, high Curie temperature and good thermal stability. Through content tailoring, the KNNS-BNZ-0.004BFC ceramic presents enhanced piezoelectric properties via the construction of rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary near room temperature. Based on the synthesized ceramics, a high-output flexible ultrasound-based wireless energy harvesting device is further designed and manufactured to establish a connection among ceramics and practical application in lead-free KNN-based ceramics. The average ultrasound receiving sensitivity of the fabricated device is calculated to be ~ 1.5 Vpp·MPa−1, demonstrating the superior performances. An instantaneous power density of 52.07 mW/cm2 has been obtained from the incident ultrasound pressure of 1.90 MPa. Capacitor charging applications and the feasibility study of ex vivo characterizations under porcine tissue also demonstrate the good application prospect of the harvester. The above results exhibit great potential of the environmentally friendly KNN-based materials to be integrated in the implantable device for safe biomedical applications.

In this work, the multiphase coexistence of rhombohedral-orthorhombic and orthorhombic-tetragonal (R-O/O-T) was constructed in (1-x-y)BaTiO3-xCaTiO3-yBaZrO3 ceramics with 0.14 ≤ x ≤ 0.16 and 0.10 ≤ y ≤ 0.12, and thus a large piezoelectric constant (d33) of 600 pC/N was attained in the ternary (1-x-y)BaTiO3-xCaTiO3-yBaZrO3 ceramics using the optimization of x and y. The R-O/O-T multiphase coexistence as well as the enhancement of dielectric and ferroelectric properties can be responsible for the high d33 of this work. In addition, a high strain of 0.15% was observed in the multiphase coexistence. As a result, electrical properties of BaTiO3 can be optimized by the construction of multiphase coexistence through the co-doping of CaTiO3 and BaZrO3.

Here we demonstrated two different hydrothermal methods for synthesizing Fe3O4/CoSe2 hybrids with different weight ratios of Fe3O4 and CoSe2. The synthesized materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. And the electrochemical properties were obtained by linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For the first method, the obtained catalyst with loading 20% Fe3O4 on CoSe2 (C20a) exhibits the highest oxygen reduction reaction activity. While for the second method, the obtained catalyst with loading 30% Fe3O4 on CoSe2 (C30b) exhibits the highest oxygen reduction reaction activity, with an onset potential of 0.775 V, a half-wave potential of 0.600 V, and Tafel slope of 65 mV decade−1 in O2-saturated 0.5 M H2SO4. Which are better than those of C20a (0.753, 0.567 V and 67 mV decade−1), CoSe2 (0.708, 0.560 V and 66 mV decade−1) and Fe3O4 (0.700, 0.556 V and 79 mV decade−1). More importantly, C30b shows much higher stability and better methanol, ethanol and ethylene glycol tolerance than other prepared materials.

To settle the drawbacks of non-cost-effective and enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Pt/C, Fe@Pt core-shell nanoparticles supported by Vulcan XC-72 have been designed and synthetized successfully. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, whereas the electrochemical analyses were obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. Results suggest that the onset potential of oxygen reduction reaction on the Fe@Pt/C is about 0.6 V (vs. Hg/Hg2Cl2) in O2-saturated 0.5 M H2SO4, which shifts positively more than 30 mV compared with that of Pt/C. The corresponding electron transfer number is 4, meaning the reduction reaction mainly occurred through a 4-electron pathway. More importantly, the Fe@Pt/C has an excellent stability and better catalytic performance towards oxygen reduction reaction activity compared with Pt/C. Thus, Fe@Pt/C could be utilized as promising cathode catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

The preparation of 3 kinds of carbonaceous nanocomposites by hydrothermal treatment and subsequent calcination described. The first comprises a nanomaterial of type CuO/g-C3N4, with g-C3N4 in mass fractions of 2, 5 and 7 wt%, respectively. The second comprises CuO/porous carbon (5 wt%), and the third comprises CuO/carbon spheres (5 wt%). All of them were employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain electrochemical sensors for glucose and dopamine. The GCE modified with CuO/g-C3N4 (5 wt%) displays the highest electrocatalytic activity towards glucose and dopamine. Figures of merit for sensing glucose (in 0.1 M NaOH solution) include a wide linear range (0.5 μM to 8.5 mM), a detection limit of 0.150 μM, and a sensitivity of 0.274 μA·μM−1·cm−2 (at a working potential of 0.60 V vs. Ag/AgCl). The respective data for dopamine (in pH 7.0 solution) are linear ranges from 0.2-16.0 μM and 16.0-78.7 μM, a lower detection limit of 60 nM, and an electrochemical sensitivity of 0.834 and 0.331 μA·μM−1·cm−2 (at a working potential of 0.22 V vs. Ag/AgCl). The good performance of the modified GCE is attributed to the synergetic interactions between CuO and the appropriate fraction of g-C3N4, and the improvement of conductivity.

Electric-field-driven polarization in ferroelectrics delivers extraordinary electro-caloric, electro-optic, and electromechanical properties, etc. However, the controllable multifunctional ferroelectric switching between different electro-related performances still faces great challenges and deserves study. Herein, multifunctional BaTiO3 (BT)-based ferroelectrics are conceived tuning electrocaloric and electrostrictive properties by controlling doping site of dopants, namely site selective doping strategy. The well-concerned Ce is selected for its multivalent trait (Ce3+/Ce4+) and effective adjustment of Curie temperature (TC) in BT. Guided by the distinguished dielectric characteristics via doping Ce3+ in Ba site or Ce4+ in Ti site, BT-based ferroelectrics can direct at different applications. For Ba-site doping, in conjunction with ion-size mismatch effect and defect engineering, manipulating TC to room temperature (RT) and driving second-order-like phase transition are obtained simultaneously. Then, large electrocaloric temperature change (∆Tmax=1.3 K) over a broad temperature span (∆T>1 K, 37~70 ℃) is achieved, which is crucial in developing zero-global-warming-potential refrigeration near RT. For Ti-site doping, unique diffuse phase transition is observed without sacrificing TC, leading to multiphase structures and the formation of nanosize domains, hence facilitating polarization rotation. Therefore, an enhanced electrostrictive strain (S>0.17%) with ultra-low hysteresis (Hhyst

Based on the selective precipitation of graphene oxide sheets (GOSs), large, medium and small GOSs would be narrowed and controlled by adjusting the time and speed of centrifugation. This size selection principle was used to investigate the influence of GOS size on dispersion, structure, and stacking behavior of GOSs. The structures and catalytic properties of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (3D rGO) sponge could also be controlled by the tunable GOS size. These differences due to the different GOS size were correlated to multiscale elemental and structural characteristics of GOSs, such as C/O ratio, the content of oxygen-containing groups on the GO edge, and Raman intensity ratio of D to G-bands of GO on the molecular scale. The relationship between GOS size and the structures and catalytic properties of 3D rGO sponge was established.

A new synergistic method was proposed to remove Escherichia coli by using high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS)-ultraviolet titanium oxide photocatalysis (UV/TiO2). Compared with sole HGMS, UV radiation, UV/TiO2, and HGMS-UV, the combined HGMS-UV/TiO2 significantly increased the bacterial removal rate. After treatment of 6 min, bacterial removal rate for HGMS-UV/TiO2 was 5.25 log, and E. coli was unlikely to photoreactivate or dark repair. In addition, HGMS-UV/TiO2 treatment led to rapid increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, severe inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and massive leakages of intracellular K+ and protein, proving the process caused more damage to E. coli cell structure. For HGMS-UV/TiO2 treatment, seawater turbidity did not significantly affect the bacterial removal rate, and 10 mg L−1 humic acid could largely reduce the bacterial removal rate. Totally, the HGMS-UV/TiO2 could be effectively employed to treat ballast water with less organic matter. Despite the limitation, this novel method has many potential applications in the treatment of ballast water.

In solid backfill coal mining (SBCM), loose gangue backfill material (LGBM) is used to backfill the goaf after coal resources are exploited from the underground mines. Under certain geological conditions, LGBM with a certain height may be soaked in the water, and then becomes saturated, significantly altering its mechanical properties. The confined compression experiments were used in this paper to analyze the deformation and the crushing characteristics of LGBM with varying water soaked heights in coal mines. The results showed that a large number of small holes that were distributed in the gangue blocks were the main reason why the material absorbed water and was softened. The crushing ratio and the maximum axial strain of LGBM samples gradually increased with the water soaked heights of the samples. In addition, there was a strong linear correlation between the crushing ratio and the maximum axial strain. When LGBM was used as a solid backfill material in SBCM, its deformation resistance would significantly decrease after it was soaked in the water. Higher water soaked height of LGBM led to lower deformation resistance and greater influence on the quality of backfilling. This research has great significance in getting a deep and better understanding of the mechanical properties of LGBM, as well as guiding engineering practice.