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Palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is facing critical issue with regard to its sustainability status in both upstream and downstream sides. International market of palm oil keeps questioning this sustainability standard of Indonesia oil palm. Three interrelated dimensions of sustainability should be fulfilled only if a product to gain growing market acceptance internationally, i.e. economically profitable, ecologically sound and socially acceptable. To determine the sustainability of Indonesia’s palm oil-based biodiesel, this paper pays attention in particular to measuring sustainability status of biodiesel in the upstream to downstream side along its supply chain. The analysis of the sustainability of palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is done thoroughly all related activities on the upstream (agricultural-cultivation activities) up to the downstream (manufacturing activities) side. A rap-bioenergy approach, which included the use of MDS (multidimensional scaling) analyses is applied in the analysis. The results of these analyses show that palm oil-based biodiesel in Indonesia is facing serious sustainability status. Among other three parameters, ecological aspect/parameter is a very serious one. This is especially the case for cultivation activities. This paper concludes that if Indonesia desires international markets to accept the existence of palm oil-based biodiesel, then improvements in ecological aspect should be priority.

Rural–urban migration is a common demographic phenomenon in developing countries. Over the last four decades, Indonesia has had the highest rate of urbanization among Asian countries, which has been driven primarily by rural–urban migration. This type of migration has strong economic and social impacts on individuals at both the origins and the destinations. The study analyses the patterns and impacts of rural–urban migration based on the migration motives of rural households. The difference-in-differences approach is applied to identify migration’s impact on the welfare of migrant households in rural areas based on migration motives. The study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data from 2007 and 2014, which consists of 2007 household samples spread over 13 provinces. Migration is found to have a positive and significant impact on migrant household welfare based on investment motives, but an insignificant result regarding the impact of migration based on risk-coping motives. Also found is the difference in migration patterns between the two migration motives.

Indonesia biodiesel blending mandate emerged in 2006 driven by strengthening energy security while in parallel reducing and toning down the need for fossil fuels, strengthen the country's balance of payments and increasing environmental demand to reduce CO2 emission while leveraging the abundance of Crude Palm Oil as raw material. The purposes of this study were to analyze production and consumption of palm Oil-based biofuel. System dynamics model was developed based on 4 stages, Palm Oil Plantation, CPO Production, Palm Oil-based biofuel production and consumption and the validation of the model through Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) test confirms the correspondence between structures and phenomena. Baseline simulation analysis shows that there is no single strategy capable of improving the production and consumption of palm-based Palm Oil-based biofuel. We suggest that combined strategies such as government support hand in hand with industrial conversion efficiency, increase in palm oil on-farm productivity, 5% reduction in CPO export, Increase biodiesel production capacity and generally biodiesel utilization target cannot be achieved without the support from the government in form of subsidy which require additional IDR 409 a 15% increase in subsidy.

The speed and timeliness of ferry service users in the Ketapang-Gilimanuk crossing port is not optimal. This is due to the ineffectiveness of work productivity of management at the ferry port. Based on this, an Integrated Vehicle and Passenger Registration System (Manifest) was made in IoT-based with Android and Web systems. The android-based system will be used by passengers and dock operators to make arrangements for berths, while the web-based system is used by officers to process the issuance of the SAL “Approval Letter”. This system can reduce service processing time so that it is not difficult for the harbormaster officers to issue a “Sailing Approval Letter” (SPB) as well as vehicle loading/unloading arrangements and passenger boarding/unloading

Malaria is a disease caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite carried by female Anopheles mosquitoes. This disease is still a severe threat in eastern Indonesia which is an endemic area of Malaria. A data-driven computer-aided diagnostic approach can be an innovative solution. From the experiment results using the Pre-trained Deep Convolutional Neural Network algorithm that was trained with the transfer learning method, the GoogLeNet model was able to achieve a detection accuracy of 93.89%. In comparison, the ShuffleNet V2 model gained 95.20% accuracy with training times three times faster than GoogLeNet.

Indonesia is one of the largest archipelagic country in the world, with an area of 1,913,578.67 km2, and consists of 34 provinces, 415 regencies, and 93 cities. Since the end of centralistic governance under Soeharto's administration in 1999, Indonesia has adopted a decentralized governance system to deliver national and regional development. It has been noted that Indonesia has variations in social, economic, ecological, and institutional dimensions between a province to another province in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the sensitivity of indicator and hierarchy of sustainability of province in Indonesia, using a scalogram method, and analyze the status of sustainable development of the regions, using cluster and flag analysis method. The research shows two most sensitive indicators, the ratio of paved road length to area width and the GDP per capita. Both of these indicators are very effective in increasing the sustainability of provincial development in Indonesia. Of the 33 provinces studied, 24 are at a moderate level of sustainability. Flag analysis showed that the SDG scenario is better than the NC-MEA and the BAU at Region I to III.

Online Transportation is one of internet connected mobile application service. Nowadays, Online Transportation can be easily found not only in bigger city but also in Districts. One of it is HeehJek, Nganjuk local online transportation. Because of the technology and cultural progress in Nganjuk people, there is slightly changing pattern for transportation from conventional transportation mode to online based application transportation mode. This research aims to analyze the trigger of pattern changing using Conceptual Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This research is also using Quantitative Cluster Sampling. The data processed by WarpPLS 6.0 are responds from HeehJek user in Nganjuk. This research found that the trust grows from the society to the online transportation innovation is giving huge contribution to the transportation mode shifting choices.

The northern coast of Central Java Province, Indonesia, is considered as the critical area of flooding. The area always suffers from flooding because of heavy rainfall and/or sea level rise. Flooding brings a lot of consequences, including people’s suffering, property damage and property loss. A number of efforts have been carried out to manage flood problems, yet the achievement is incomplete without stakeholder involvement. Stakeholders have a very important role in flood risk reduction. A common understanding on the existence and role of stakeholders is important in achieving community resilience. The aim of this article was to analyse interest and cooperation among stakeholders in flood risk reduction. In-depth interviews were conducted to identify and analyse interest and influence of stakeholders in relation to flood risk reduction. MIC-MAC (Cross-impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification) and MACTOR (Matrix of Alliance and Conflict: Tactics, Objectives, and Recommendations) methods were employed to analyse collected data. The results of this study indicated that restoration and humanity are the key objectives with major influence in lowering flood risk. The objectives are critical for the success of flood risk reduction efforts. The Disaster Management Agency is identified as the main stakeholder with the most important role in reducing flood risk in Central Java Province.

Lack of access to electricity is seen as a significant constraint to economic growth and increased welfare in developing countries. Most literature agrees that access to electricity is necessary for poverty alleviation. It is to be expected, given that researchers must deal with multi-factorial systems, where energy is only one of a linked set of variables that determine poverty outcomes. The most frequently reported causal chain linking access to electricity to poverty’s impacts is to improve productivity or output of enterprises using electricity for their activities. Yogyakarta is one of the provinces in Indonesia that does not have the potential for fossil energy. This research was designed as a survey of 68 respondents who were electricity beneficiaries in Pantai Baru. Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was employed to analyze 23 indicators. The paper's novelty is on the method used in formulating the development of rural communities, which was then outlined by the Structural Equation Method – Partial Least Square, resulting in many key factors that affect empowerment improvement and agricultural community development. This study revealed critical variables in empowering rural communities, especially in utilizing renewable electricity, to encourage rural communities' development.

The East Natuna gas field in Indonesia is planned to be developed to meet the increasing natural gas demand of Indonesia. This research investigates the sustainable development of the field using a multi-criteria decision analysis method (MCDA), namely the preference ranking organisation method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE). For this purpose a PROMETHEE model is employed to compare and appraise four alternative of petroleum funds against technical, economic, environmental and socio-political criteria. Those alternatives are determined by allocating 0%, 10%, 15% and 25% of the government's share of the gas field exploitation as petroleum funds. The results show that the adoption of a petroleum fund for the sustainable field development is both relevant and feasible. The bigger the petroleum fund, the better the merits. Employing 25% of the government's revenue towards this fund is found to be the most preferable choice, since it benefited from technology, environment and social aspects. However, the downside of this alternative lies in the economic aspects, such as the reduction of government revenues and potential increase in government debt as well as government resistance. As this study demonstrates, PROMETHEE can provide a relevant tool to assist decision makers to formulate policies aiming at a sustainable petroleum resources development.

The use of fossil energy in Indonesia shown an increasing trend in all sectors every year[1]. Petroleum is still ranked the highest, ie 51.66%. Natural gas occupying the second level, ie 28.57%. The rest of the energy is supplied by 15.34% oil and 4.43% renewable energy. Besides this, the dominance of fossil fuel use give a major impact on air quality[2]. Emissions from fossil fuel burning add 6.3 GtC/year (compared to a stock of fossil fuels of 16,000 Gt C) while another 2.3 Gt C/year is reabsorbed into the ocean[3]. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the use of renewable resources to generate environmentally friendly electricity. One of the energy resource that can developed is ocean current energy. In 2009 in the Strait of Nusa Penida has been conducted a ocean current pilot project that have been successfully (technically) obtained a "proven design”. Energy utilization of ocean current in the Nusa Penida Strait is merely for lighting public facilities. The presence of power plant have given light to 25 street lamps that installed in Toyopakeh village. This study aimed to (1) identify benefit which Toyopakeh village community perceived, (2) analyze the opportunity and estimate the value of willingness to pay (WTP) community of Toyopakeh village for management of power plant. The economic and sosiocultural benefit perceived by Toyopakeh village community in the night are increasing works effectively for seaweed strappers, stalls can opened over night, easier to moored jukung and speedboat, ship monitoring, load and unloading, fishing, and ashes disposal. Citizens with high or low income had similar opportunity readiness. Citizens with high education had opportunity WTP 1.291 point more than not ready to pay. Based on Turnbull estimator distribution, the mean WTP value was at 7 894.695 IDR (0.56 US $) and 10 641.891 (0.76 US $) range.

Coastal communities are known to prone to vulnerability arising from their nature of work. As they are mostly working as fishermen, natural hazards, isolation and climate variabilities are often constraining their ability to obtain sufficient income to support their livelihood. Hence, finding sustainable alternatives source of income is a sensible way to cope with such uncertainty and vulnerability. Achieving sustainable income, nevertheless, is challenging issue since it is affected by various factors from socio-economic as well as institutional perspectives. This paper is an attempt to assess the issue of alternative livelihood by identifying key variables affecting its sustainability. A MICMAC method was used and key variables from the analysis were then identified to support sustainable alternative livelihood in the communities. Lessons learned were also drawn from this study for policy makers and fisheries authorities in the regions.