1. Thermographic Data Analysis for Defect Detection by Imposing Spatial Connectivity and Sparsity Constraints in Principal Component Thermography
- Author
-
Yuan Yao, Stefano Sfarra, Ching-Mei Wen, and Gianfranco Gargiulo
- Subjects
defect detection ,Computer science ,Active thermography, defect detection, principal component thermography (PCT), sparsity, spatial connectivity, thermographic data analysis ,Feature extraction ,02 engineering and technology ,thermographic data analysis ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Active thermography ,Pixel ,business.industry ,Dimensionality reduction ,sparsity ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Pattern recognition ,Sample (graphics) ,Computer Science Applications ,Identification (information) ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Principal component analysis ,Thermography ,Data analysis ,spatial connectivity ,principal component thermography (PCT) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Information Systems - Abstract
Data analysis methods have been extensively used in active thermography for defect identification. Among them, principal component thermography (PCT) is popular for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. PCT summarizes the thermal images with a small number of empirical orthogonal functions that better reflect the information of defects. However, PCT does not induce sparsity, which limits the interpretation of PCT results. Recently, sparse PCT (SPCT) has been proposed to provide more interpretable analysis results. However, SPCT does not consider the spatial connectivity between pixels, omitting the fact that a defective region is usually spatially connected. In this article, a novel thermographic data analysis method is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of the existing methods. The proposed method imposes both spatial connectivity and sparsity constraints in PCT. Finally, one case study on an ancient marquetry sample and another on a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
- Published
- 2021