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Herein, a novel visible-light-responsive g-C3N4/diatomite/MnO2 composite was successfully fabricated through a simple redox reaction method. The structure and morphology of the sample are mainly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). In this paper, the photo-catalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by degradation RhB under visible-light irradiation. The results shown that, compared with g-C3N4/diatomite composite, MnO2, g-C3N4, diatomite, the prepared g-C3N4/diatomite/2.5%MnO2 composite exhibits better photo-catalytic activity and stability. At the same time, the effect of different MnO2 additions on the photo-catalytic activity of the composite material was further analyzed. The results indicated that the g-C3N4/MnO2/diatomite composites exhibit highest photo-catalytic activity when the adding amount of MnO2 reached 2.5%. The degradation rate of the g-C3N4/diatomite/2.5%MnO2 is 93% after recycling for three times, showing good stability and reusability. Moreover, the mechanism of catalytic performance enhancement also has been discussed.

Antibody-functionalized targeted nanocarriers to deliver chemotherapeutics have been widely explored. However, it remains highly desirable to understand and apply the antitumor potential of antibodies integrated in hybrid composite nanoplatforms. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, a supported lipid bilayer and cetuximab were integrated to fabricate a hybrid nanoplatform for effectively encapsulating and selectively delivering 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The specially designed nanoplatform exhibited superior properties, such as satisfying size distribution, dispersity and stability, drug encapsulation, controlled release, and cellular uptake. Interestingly, the modification of cetuximab onto nanoplatforms without drug loading can significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of CRC cells through suppressing the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-associated signaling pathway. Furthermore, delivery of 5-FU by using this nanoplatform can remarkably induce cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and cell apoptosis for CRC cells with high EGFR expression. Overall, this nanostructured platform can dramatically improve the tumor killing effects of encapsulated chemotherapeutics and present antimigration effects derived from the antibody modified on it. Moreover, in vivo biodistribution experiments demonstrated the superior tumor targeting ability of the targeted nanoparticles. Thus, this targeted nanoplatform has substantial potential in combinational therapy of antibodies and chemotherapy agents against colorectal cancer.

In this study, the anaerobic microcosm systems under in-situ conditions were constructed using the soil and the groundwater collected at a former pesticide manufacturing site. The in-situ natural a...

This paper indicates the influence of nano-silica and silicone oil paraffin emulsion mixed with flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum on its water resistance. Nano-silica was mixed with FGD gypsum to explore the influence of nano-silica particle size and content on the waterproofing and mechanical properties of FGD gypsum while also analyzing its waterproofing mechanism. In addition, silicone oil paraffin emulsion was mixed along with nano-silica into FGD gypsum to study its effect on FGD gypsum. The results show that nano-silica can improve the water resistance of FGD gypsum. When the particle size of nano-silica is 50 nm and the mass fraction is 0.4%, the softening coefficient of FGD gypsum reaches 0.92. Nano-silica and organic composite emulsion can play a synergistic role and further enhance the performance of FGD gypsum. The water resistance and mechanical properties of gypsum further increased when mixed with nano-silica and silicone oil paraffin emulsion. The water absorption rate decreased to 13.62%, and the compressive strength reached 13.71 MPa. Combined with the microscopic morphology analysis of the gypsum sample, the appropriate size of nano-silica fills the crystal pores, reduces porosity, and, to a certain extent, changes the structure and morphology of gypsum crystals. Silicone oil paraffin emulsion can be wrapped on the surface of gypsum crystals forming a dense oil hydrophobic membrane. It produces a compact gypsum structure together with nano-silica, hindering the entry of water molecules into gypsum, thereby improving the performance of FGD gypsum.

In this paper, we proposed a novel approach to extract keywords from massive amount of unlabelled short government documents using reinforcement learning. To guide policy network to keep important words, we introduced the average rate regularization, as the sparsity constraints of the model’s loss function. Analysis on the results shows that the proposed model outperforms the traditional unsupervised keyword extraction approaches on massive amount of unlabelled government document headlines.

The g-C3N4/diatomite/Fe3O4 composites were synthesized by an electrostatic self-assembly method. The band edge of g-C3N4 was red shifted due to the addition of Fe3O4 and diatomite. Consequently, the visible light response of the composites was intensified. The decrease of the recombination efficiency of the electrons and holes lead to enhancement of the electron mobility. The results also showed that the photocatalytic performance of the g-C3N4/diatomite/Fe3O4 composites was improved versus pure g-C3N4. H2O2 was also added to the reaction system. In this way, the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and Fenton effect can largely improve the catalytic efficiency of the g-C3N4/diatomite/Fe3O4 composites. The composites are extremely easy to be collected in the presence of an external magnetic field, proving the good recyclability of the CN/DT/FO composites. More than 90% of the RhB can be degraded over the g-C3N4/diatomite/Fe3O4 composites after five recycling runs, indicating the good stability of the composites. The results also showed that the catalytic reaction would produce different active species and undergo different reaction mechanisms due to the existence of H2O2. Fenton activity experiments confirmed that O2– and OH were important active species.

The thermal transport in metallic thin films can be reduced by the electron scattering and there are very little available knowledge that can be used to explain the mechanism. In this work, we characterized the thermal and electron transport of 3.2 nm thin gold films coated on alginate fiber by the transient electrothermal (TET) technique. The results reveal that the thermal and electrical conductivities are reduced significantly from the respective values of bulk material by 76.2% and 93.9%. At the same time, the Lorenz number is calculated as 8.66 × 10−8 W Ω K−2 and it is almost three times increased from the value of bulk material. The intrinsic thermal diffusivity of alginate fiber is 3.25 × 10−7 m2 s−1 and the thermal conductivity is 0.51 W m−1 K−1.

In this article, we consider the three-factor unbalanced nested design model without the assumption of equal error variance. For the problem of testing “main effects” of the three factors, we propose a parametric bootstrap (PB) approach and compare it with the existing generalized F (GF) test. The Type I error rates of the tests are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. Our studies show that the PB test performs better than the generalized F-test. The PB test performs very satisfactorily even for small samples while the GF test exhibits poor Type I error properties when the number of factorial combinations or treatments goes up. It is also noted that the same tests can be used to test the significance of the random effect variance component in a three-factor mixed effects nested model under unequal error variances.