Search

International audience; The study deals with the mechanical behaviour of a glass plain weave composite reinforcement. The experimental activities were focused mainly on uniaxial and biaxial extension tests. Besides, in-plane shear deformation was measured by bias extension test, and for the sake of completeness out-of-plane bending behaviour. In the numerical study, a hyperelastic constitutive model for the yarn material was adopted and validated for the meso scale prediction of the mechanical behaviour of the glass plain weave reinforcement. The model was validated for biaxial tensile and in-plane shear deformation.

In microwave imaging, it is often of interest to inspect electrically large spatial regions. In these cases, data must be collected over a great deal of measurement points which entails long measurement time and/or costly, and often unfeasible, measurement configurations. In order to counteract such drawbacks, we have recently introduced a microwave imaging algorithm that looks for the scattering targets in terms of equivalent surface currents supported over a given reference plane. While this method is suited to detect shallowly buried targets, it allows one to independently process all frequency data, and hence the source and the receivers do not need to be synchronized. Moreover, spatial data can be reduced to a large extent, without any aliasing artifacts, by properly combining single-frequency reconstructions. In this paper, we validate such an approach by experimental measurements. In particular, the experimental test site consists of a sand box in open air where metallic plate targets are shallowly buried a (few cm) under the air/soil interface. The investigated region is illuminated by a fixed transmitting horn antenna, whereas the scattered field is collected over a planar measurement aperture at a fixed height from the air-sand interface. The transmitter and the receiver share only the working frequency information. Experimental results confirm the feasibility of the method.

This research presents a validation methodology for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) assessments of rooftop wind regime in urban environments. A case study is carried out at the Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering building at the University of Alberta campus. A numerical assessment of rooftop wind regime around buildings of the University of Alberta North campus has been performed by using 3D steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, on a large-scale high-resolution grid using the ANSYS CFX code. Two methods of standard deviation (SDM) and average (AM) were introduced to compare the numerical results with the corresponding measurements. The standard deviation method showed slightly better agreements between the numerical results and measurements compared to the average method, by showing the average wind speed errors of 10.8% and 17.7%, and wind direction deviation of 8.4° and 12.3°, for incident winds from East and South, respectively. However, the average error between simulated and measured wind speeds of the North and West incidents were 51.2% and 24.6%, respectively. Considering the fact that the upstream geometry was not modeled in detail for the North and West directions, the validation methodology presented in this paper is deemed as acceptable, as good agreement between the numerical and experimental results of East and South incidents were achieved.

International audience; A centralized solar domestic hot water system for a multi-family building is analyzed numerically. The solar preheated water in the solar tank is flowing into an auxiliary tank, connected to a gas boiler. At its output, a mixing device is used to ensure hot water at steady temperature before going through the recirculation loop. This reference system is sized as a typical installation under mild climate in France. The load profile is generated statistically with a one-minute time step. Small time scale phenomena have consequences on the global system behavior: recirculation flow rate variations due to pressure drop change is modeled and validated experimentally. This work's goal is to analyze these effects on two sub-parts of the plant: mixing valve and recirculation loop connection to solar storage. In each case, yearly simulations with 6 s time step provide quantitative performance indicators for different sizing and control options. Results show that mixing valve slow response, due to ageing or bad design, leads to a loss of 3.5% energy savings compared to using a fast component. Furthermore, health risks increase as the minimal temperature in the recirculation loop is often under 50 • C, which promotes legionella development due to cold water plug flows generated in the loop by the mixing valve dynamic response. The recirculation loop, linked to a solar tank, leads to performance improvement with 6-15% increase in energy savings following solar oversizing and reduced overheating risks.

Sun-tracking microwave (ST-MW) radiometry is a ground-based technique where the Sun is used as a beacon source to infer the atmospheric path attenuation in all-weather conditions. ST-MW radiometry shows an appealing potential for overcoming the difficulties to perform satellite-to-Earth radiopropagation experiments in the unexplored millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave frequency region, especially where experimental data from beacon receivers are not available. The theoretical framework, the ad hoc procedures and data processing will be presented, together with the estimate of the overall error budget. The applications and challenges during field deployments, such as the recent WRad campaign in Italy based on ST-MW data analysis, funded by ESA and carried out together with AFRL (NY, USA), will be discussed.

Buildings of strategic importance should be able to resist seismic forces in accordance with potential earthquakes that may occur at the location and remain fully operational afterwards. However, many of them were constructed before the modern principles of seismic design were known (especially regarding detailing and ductility), and therefore may be considered substandard. The first step in mitigating the seismic risk of such structures is to assess their seismic performance and, in particular, to identify their structural deficiencies. This study presents a comprehensive methodology for the seismic performance assessment of individual buildings, applied to an existing reinforced concrete (RC) hospital. This building is of an irregular layout, constructed as a structural wall system, and it is located in the seismically active region of Croatia. It includes the assessment of seismic hazards on the location, ambient noise measurements, experimental determination of structural modal parameters, creation of a detailed numerical model calibrated with experimental data, and a seismic performance assessment using various analysis methods. As a result, the building collapse mechanisms were determined and critical structural elements identified, which is the basis for future actions directed to the reduction of its risk (e.g., applications of specific measures for a target retrofit, proposal of evacuation routes and safe places inside the building, etc.).

A combined method using statistical and numerical models has been developed by the authors for selecting a pump running as turbine to be applied in micro-hydro plants. The data of the hydrological site chosen for the installation (head and capacity) allow the calculation of two conversion factors which identify the pump to use successfully as turbine in that place. Then, a one-dimensional model, starting from data available on the pumps manufacturers catalogues, reconstructs a virtual geometry of the pump running as turbine, and calculates the performances curves, head vs. capacity, efficiency vs. capacity, useful for identifying the operating point. Two study cases are presented to apply the proposed methodology, concerning the feasibility of the installation of a pump running as turbine in the purifier water plants of Casali and Sersale, located at 1,000 m above sea level (Calabria, South Italy).The assessment of the annual energy yield gives a confirmation of the effectiveness and convenience of using pumps running as turbines.

The main subject of this paper is application of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model in determination of the muzzle blast overpressure and its physical manifestations, as well as its validation through measurements of primary parameters. Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS) with a corresponding turbulence model were applied for numerical simulation of complex gas-dynamic process of propellant gases release from the barrel after firing. The unstructured adaptive mesh for spatial discretization was applied, as suitable model for numerical calculation and physical interpretation of these intensive dynamic processes. The provided experimental results were compared with the results of numerical simulations, which were thus validated, according to adopted minor simplifications.

Analysis of wind flow acting upon high-rise buildings is a very common topic. This paper deals with experiment in the Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel (BWLT) in Bratislava and comparison with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and values given in the Eurocode. The analyzed object was the model of building with circular cross section (cylinder). External wind pressure coefficients were compared in three height levels of model.

This work introduces an extension of the semi-analytical reduced model presented in Ríos Rodriguez et al. (2016), with the aim of analyzing the thermo-fluid dynamic behavior of a power transformer radiator working in ONAF (Oil Natural Air Forced) mode, considering vertical blowing of the fans. The objective of this research paper is the development of a numerical tool to be used during the design process of power transformers in order to obtain more detailed information about the radiators performance, either they are working in ONAF or ONAN (Oil Natural Air Natural) mode. Since it is observed both in the experimental measurements and in the numerical simulations that not all the radiator panels are blown by a single fan, the reduced model here presented considers a mixed situation wherein the heat is removed by natural convection in a fraction of the radiator while in the rest the heat is removed by forced convection. As a consequence, besides adding to the set of conservation equations introduced in Ríos Rodriguez et al. (2016) those corresponding to the momentum and energy balance for considering forced heat convection transfer, there appears the need of introducing additional equations for coupling the natural and forced heat convection transfer models. The reduced model developed in this work is applied to estimate different characteristic parameters of a power transformer radiator working in ONAF mode, like the oil flow rate, dissipated power, outlet and inlet oil temperatures, among others. The computed results are compared to those obtained by CFD simulations and experimental measurements carried out on an ad-hoc workbench for validation purposes. It is found that the reduced model reproduces with acceptable accuracy the values of the most important design variables at a very low computation cost. In this manner, it can be considered as a reliable and valuable tool in the design of power transformers, allowing to carry out parametric studies. Fil: Garelli, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Rios Rodriguez, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Storti, Mario Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Granata, Daniel. Tadeo Czerweny S. A.; Argentina Fil: Amadei, Mauro. Tadeo Czerweny S. A.; Argentina Fil: Rossetti, Marcelo. Tadeo Czerweny S. A.; Argentina

This paper presents semi-analytical calculations, computational fluid dynamic simulations and experimental measurements accomplished on a typical 30 MVA power transformer. An ad hoc workbench was devised to carry out the experimental measurements. This facility allowed to estimate the values of different key variables involved in heat dissipation within the radiator, like convective heat transfer coefficients, oil-flow rate, air-flow speed between radiator fins and overall dissipated heat, among others. The main objectives of the study are to analyze the cooling capacity of the current radiator design working in ONAN mode and to validate the numerical simulation and calculation procedures for further design optimizations. The coupled thermo-hydraulic numerical simulations were performed on a computer cluster due to the high computational cost of the resulting models. The results of the simulations show good agreement with the experimentally measured values and with those obtained with the semi-analytical model, thus confirming that this model together with the CFD simulations are an accurate analysis tool. The heat transfer coefficients in the oil, the radiator panel and the air are computed. It is found that convective heat transfer from the panel to the air is approximately 10 times lower than heat transfer in the oil. Possible improvements on the current radiator design are briefly mentioned. Fil: Rios Rodriguez, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Garelli, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Storti, Mario Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Granata, Daniel. Tadeo Czerweny S.a.; Argentina Fil: Amadei, Mauro. Tadeo Czerweny S.a.; Argentina Fil: Rossetti, Marcelo. Tadeo Czerweny S.a.; Argentina

Rural IoT sensor networks, prevalent in environmental monitoring and precision agriculture, commonly operate over some variant of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Data collection from these networks is often challenging, as they may be deployed in remote regions where existing backhaul infrastructure is expensive or absent. With the commercial and industrial success of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), there is understandable interest in using UASs for delay tolerant data collection from 802.15.4 IoT sensor networks. In this study, we investigate how to optimize 802.15.4 networks for aerial data collection, which, unlike other wireless standards, has not received rigorous evaluation for three-dimensional aerial communication. We analyze experimental measurements from an outdoor aerial testbed, examining how factors, such as antenna orientation, altitude, antenna placement, and obstruction, affect signal strength and packet reception rate. In our analysis, we model and predict the quality of service for aerial data collection, based on these network configuration variables, and contrast that with the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)&mdash, a commonly used signal strength metric. We find that network configuration plays a significant role in network quality, which RSSI, a mediator variable, struggles to account for in the presence of high packet loss. We conclude with a discussion of strategies for optimizing sensor network configuration for aerial data collection, in light of our results.

Superficial condensation phenomena often occur on the glazed elements of buildings. As a result, the aim of this study is to put forward an experimental approach to assess the condensation rate on building glazing surface for full-scale room tests under realistic conditions. The proposed method for condensation quantification is applied in this work for surface condensation on a cold glazing (2.90 m × 2.30 m) within a ventilated test room (6.20 m × 3.10 m x 2.50 m). We first describe the full-scale test cell, focusing then on the experimental apparatus employed for the condensation study. This is followed by the description of the methodology for the condensation rate quantification. The approach is based on image processing techniques, using condensation pictures. This allows also to reveal the mechanisms behind the condensation appearance and growth. On the other hand, the experimental data achieved by this method are compared with theoretical results based on condensation rate and heat transfer coefficient correlations available in the literature. An overall difference of up to 18% between the measured results and the theoretical results was found for the condensation rate. Consequently, the method proposed in this work leads to promising results concerning the condensation rate quantification on cold glazing within full-scale enclosures.

This paper deals with the non-linear modelling of synchronous machines by using the flux linkage as a state variable. The model is inferred from a conventional set of measurementswhere the relation between the currents and the flux linkages in the rotating reference frame (also known as dq reference frame) are known by measurements or estimated through finite-element simulations. In particular, the contribution of this paper is twofold: first, it proposes a method to extract the non-linear model information which can be easily implemented in electric drives, without the need of offline post-processing of the data. Second, it mathematically demonstrates that the method converges to the final result in a stable way. An example based on experimental measurements of the current-to-flux look-up tables of an 11-kW synchronous reluctance machine is shown, proving the feasibility of the proposed method. QCR 20180919

This paper reports on an ongoing international effort to establish guidelines for numerical modeling of wave energy converters, initiated by the International Energy Agency Technology Collaboration Program for Ocean Energy Systems. Initial results for point absorbers were presented in previous work, and here we present results for a breakwater-mounted Oscillating Water Column (OWC) device. The experimental model is at scale 1:4 relative to a full-scale installation in a water depth of 12.8 m. The power-extracting air turbine is modeled by an orifice plate of 1–2% of the internal chamber surface area. Measurements of chamber surface elevation, air flow through the orifice, and pressure difference across the orifice are compared with numerical calculations using both weakly-nonlinear potential flow theory and computational fluid dynamics. Both compressible- and incompressible-flow models are considered, and the effects of air compressibility are found to have a significant influence on the motion of the internal chamber surface. Recommendations are made for reducing uncertainties in future experimental campaigns, which are critical to enable firm conclusions to be drawn about the relative accuracy of the numerical models. It is well-known that boundary element method solutions of the linear potential flow problem (e.g., WAMIT) are singular at infinite frequency when panels are placed directly on the free surface. This is problematic for time-domain solutions where the value of the added mass matrix at infinite frequency is critical, especially for OWC chambers, which are modeled by zero-mass elements on the free surface. A straightforward rational procedure is described to replace ad-hoc solutions to this problem that have been proposed in the literature.

The thermal transmittance ( U -value) of the vertical opaque building envelope plays a key role for the evaluation of the thermal performance of a structure. In order to speed up the assessment procedure and to investigate wider portions of buildings directly in situ, new methods based on the use of quantitative infrared thermography have been proposed during the last years. Although the studies agree about the influence of the operative conditions, a detailed report, based on measurements effected on a large wall in a controlled environment and at different boundary conditions, is still missing in literature. The aim of this work is to assess the validity of thermographic methods by using different operative conditions in a controlled environment. The results obtained by different IR methods in a Guarded Hot Box have been compared with heat flow meter measurements and theoretical values.

This work is devoted to the experimental evaluation of the dynamic response of railway bridges with common typologies in short-to-medium span lengths. An extensive experimental campaign is performed in several railway bridges belonging to the High-Speed (HS) and conventional Spanish railway network. The main objectives are to (i) characterise the structures main features affecting their dynamic behaviour, (ii) determine the soil properties at the structures respective locations; and (iii) analyse the bridge dynamic responses under different operating conditions. All the bridges are composed by simply-supported (S-S) spans except the last one which is a continuous beam bridge. The structures present different steel, concrete and steel–concrete composite typologies. Five bridges have been experimentally investigated. The five bridges are nowadays at full operation. The study includes the identification of the bridges modal parameters and dynamic soil properties at the sites, a discussion on the identified structural damping in all the bridges, the measurement of the vibration levels induced by railway traffic under operational conditions in the first four bridges, and under construction operation machinery in the fifth case, and a final analysis on the differences found in the structural behaviour of the different typologies for similar traffic. This paper summarizes a vast experimental campaign. The data is available and may be useful to other researchers in order to estimate the response in similar cases and to validate numerical models. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad BIA2016-75042-C2 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación PID2019-109622RB-C21 Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento of Junta de Andalucía (Spain) US-1264916 Generalitat Valenciana AICO2019/175

An innovative solvent based on the quaternary system CO2-NH3-K2CO3-H2O is reported and characterized in terms of its thermodynamic properties and rate of CO2 absorption. Thermodynamic properties of the solvent such as vapor-liquid equilibrium, solid-liquid equilibrium, and the heat of desorption were modelled with the Extended UNIQUAC thermodynamic model. The kinetics of CO2 absorption in the solvent were studied experimentally with a wetted wall column set-up. The absorption rate was investigated with respect to temperature, ammonia concentration, potassium carbonate concentration, and CO2 loading, under the typical operating conditions of a capture plant. Globally, the solvent has a number of interesting properties for CO2 capture applications. Indeed, adding K2CO3 to the ammonia solvent reduced both the ammonia slip and the heat of desorption. Experimental analysis showed that the kinetics of absorption were mainly influenced by the reaction between free ammonia and CO2. Hence, the overall mass transfer coefficient decreased when increasing the K2CO3 content of the solvent.

We investigate the elastic properties of selected zinc-blende III-V semiconductors. Using hybrid functional density functional theory, we calculate the second- and third-order elastic constants and first- and second-order internal strain tensor components for Ga, In, and Al containing III-V compounds. For many of these parameters, there are no available experimental measurements, and this work is the first to predict their values. The stricter convergence criteria for the calculation of higher-order elastic constants are demonstrated, and arguments are made based on this for extracting these constants via the calculated stresses, rather than the energies, in the context of plane-wave-based calculations. The calculated elastic properties are used to determine the strain regime at which higher-order elasticity becomes important by comparing the stresses predicted by a lower- and a higher-order elasticity theory. Finally, the results are compared with available experimental literature data and previous theory.

The application of Natural Ventilation (NV) as a measure to improve comfort conditions in transition and summer periods has been a topic of research on the spotlight for years. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how the combined effect of a dense urban layout with high pollutant concentrations may affect its potential. This paper addresses this gap by running detailed thermal simulations for a typical apartment flat located in the Yuzhong district of Chongqing city (China) using a holistic approach that makes use of: i) wind pressure coefficients on building facades from urban-scale CFD simulations, ii) hourly measured values of PM2.5 concentrations and weather variables and iii) indoor environment measurements for validation purposes. Scenario analysis revealed the average amount of air change rates achievable in a year varies from 8 to 15 ACH according to the windows orientation. These figures drop down to around 2 ACH when taking into account reduced windows opening time when outdoor PM2.5 concentrations are too high. The resulting natural ventilation potential of the case study decreases from 4234 h when outdoor pollution is neglected to 2707 and 529 h when considering the exposure thresholds set by the Chinese government and the WHO respectively.

International audience; This paper presents a joint experimental and numerical analysis of the erosive potential of an unsteady cavity that develops at the leading edge of a two-dimensional hydrofoil and periodically sheds vapour clouds. From an experimental viewpoint, the erosive potential was characterized by pressure pulse height spectra. The hydrofoil was equipped with eight pressure sensors made of PVDF piezoelectric film that allowed the measurement of flow aggressiveness at different locations along the hydrofoil chord. It was shown that the mean peak rate over a large number of cavity pulsations exhibits a maximum at a distance from the leading edge close to the maximum cavity length. Moreover, the increase in flow aggressiveness caused by an increase in flow velocity can be explained by an increase in both amplitude and frequency of impact loads. From a numerical viewpoint, the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations were solved using a modified k-ε RNG turbulence model together with a homogeneous cavitation model within a two-dimensional approach. Flow aggressiveness was estimated from the Lagrangian derivative of the computed void fraction that allows identifying the regions of collapse of vapour structures. Three different critical regions from an erosive viewpoint were numerically identified. Apart from the region of collapse of the shed cloud (which was not instrumented in the present study), the computations showed a maximum of aggressiveness around the maximum cavity length as found experimentally. Another region of high aggressiveness closer to the leading edge and associated to the upward movement of the re-entrant jet was predicted by the present numerical model but not confirmed experimentally, which probably shows the limitation of a two-dimensional approach.

Given the great influence of the thermal transmittance of the building envelope on the overall thermal performance and energy efficiency of the building, it is essential to accurately determine the U -value of the main building envelope elements. Due to the great heterogeneity of the thermal conductivity of the elements presented in a lightweight steel-framed (LSF) wall, and to the geometric complexity of some steel framed structures, a reliable estimation of the thermal transmittance of LSF elements is even more challenging. Indeed, thermal bridging originated by steel studs must be considered in the assessment of the thermal transmittance of LSF walls. In this work, the thermal transmittance ( U -value) of three LSF walls with different configurations will be investigated based on four different approaches: experimental laboratorial measurements based on the Heat Flow Meter (HFM) method; 3D finite element method (FEM) simulations using ANSYS CFX ® software; 2D FEM-based simulations using THERM software; analytical estimations based on the ISO 6946 procedure for building components with inhomogeneous layers. Several verification procedures were performed to ensure the reliability of the results. It was found that a secondary wood stud can mitigate the thermal bridging effect of the steel frame and improve the LSF thermal performance, which is more noticeable when there is no thermal insulation . Furthermore, a good agreement was found between the results of the 2D FEM and the analytical ISO 6946 approaches for the LSF wall with only vertical steel studs.

Smart windows, especially those electric-driven, represent one of the most advanced technologies for controlling solar radiation. For a correct use, it is necessary to understand their real behaviour through in-situ measurements on full-scale application as well as calibrating and validating visual simulation models capable of predicting their performances. In this paper, the preliminary results of current research activities aimed at developing simulation models of electric-driven full-scale glazing are presented. The research activities started with the assessment of the visible solar transmittance as a function of light incident angle through in-situ measurements; different models, with related values, of the visible solar transmittance were considered. For each simulation model, the corresponding transmittance value was set in the RADIANCE ?trans? material model and the simulated illuminance values, for a defined acquisition point of a test-facility, were then compared with the experimental data. Finally, for each model, indoor luminance distributions were reported considering a typical office seating position. Preliminary results, based on the in-situ measurements approach, highlighted a sufficient accuracy for one of the models adopted; further analyses are needed in order to upgrade the simulation models available and assess the effective performances of these windows., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The absorption reaction between aqueous NH3 and CO2 was studied using the Wetted Wall Column. A total of 27 different cases are investigated in the region defined by temperatures from 15 °C to 35 °C, NH3 concentrations from 5% to 15%, which are the typical solvent conditions in absorption columns, and lastly CO2 loadings from 0.2 to 0.6. The resulting overall mass transfer coefficient of absorption measured follows the trends described by the modelling of the reactor and the equations used to describe the rate of the absorption reactions. Moreover, the overall mass transfer coefficient of absorption is in agreement with data available in the literature, valid in smaller portions of the investigated region. From the data analysis, the kinetics of the absorption reactions in the liquid phase is characterized. The equation proposed to fit the data is a power law equation which reproduces the experimental results measured at different CO2 loadings. This represents a novelty because in literature the kinetic model of the reaction is usually fitted only to data for unloaded solutions (CO2 loading equal to zero). Hence, in this case there is an experimental evidence that the kinetic model holds true in every loading conditions. The kinetic model intercept the values found in literature in every range of concentration. Consequently, the model is valid in every conditions and the rate of the reaction between NH3 and CO2 in liquid phase is described with an Arrhenius constant with a pre-exponential factor of 1.41·108 [mol/(m3s)] and an activation energy of 60,680 [J/mol], a linear dependence on the CO2 concentration and a dependence on the NH3 with an exponent γ = 1.89. The proposed equation is found to be appropriate for implementation into process simulation software.

In this paper the dynamic response of a particular type of high-speed railway bridge common in the Spanish railway system is analysed with the aim of evaluating the levels of vertical vibrations experienced at the platform. To this end, Bracea I bridge which belongs to the Madrid-Sevilla High Speed railway line is selected. The bridge is composed by two identical short simply supported spans. The pre-stressed concrete girders deck dimensions and level of obliquity make this structure prone to (i) experience important vertical accelerations under railway traffic and (ii) present a dynamic response with a high participation of modes different from the longitudinal bending one. Therefore the structure is not expected to behave as a beam-type structure. The results of an experimental campaign recently performed at the site are presented with the objective of characterising the soil dynamic properties and the structure response under ambient vibration conditions and under railway traffic. The experimental response of the bridge is then compared in the time and frequency domains to numerical predictions given by two Finite Element models which adopt common assumptions in engineering practice. The study provides interesting conclusions regarding the structure experimental response under resonant and not resonant conditions. Additionally, conclusions regarding the adequacy of the numerical models for predicting the bridge response and assessing the Serviceability Limit State of vertical acceleration in ballasted railways are presented. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad BIA2013-43085-P y BIA2016-75042-C2 Universitat Jaume I PI-1B2015-54 CICA PI-1B2015-54

Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) is an electronic vacuum microwave device, which is used as a high power microwave amplifier, mainly in telecommunication purposes and radar systems. TWT's seem to be an alternative and a more reliable solution than semiconductor devices when building high power and high frequency applications. Thermal behaviour of TWT is one of the key aspects influencing its reliability and working parameters. In fact, the standard TWT is treated as a high power device and the supplied power is dissipated mainly through conduction and convection phenomena. In practical applications, depending on a type of TWT, they can be cooled either by a forced liquid or air circulation. The main goal of the presented research was to perform analytical, experimental and numerical analysis of temperature distribution of a low band TWT in case of a typical working condition. Because theoretical analysis seems to be very complex, thus it was decided to support it with experimental measurements and numerical simulations as well as with the simplified analytical formulas. As a first step of the presented research, the analytical analysis and numerical modelling of the helix TWT was carried out. The objective of the thermal analysis was to assess the temperature distribution in different parts of the helix TWT assembly during extreme standard and working conditions. Afterwards, the obtained numerical results were validated by experimental measurements, which were carried out using a custom designed TWT test sample and corresponding experimental measurement tools.

Wind towers or wind catchers, as passive cooling systems, can provide natural ventilation in buildings located in hot, arid regions. These natural cooling systems can provide thermal comfort for the building inhabitants throughout the warm months. In this paper, a modular design of a wind tower is introduced. The design, called a modular wind tower with wetted surfaces, was investigated experimentally and analytically. To determine the performance of the wind tower, air temperature, relative humidity (RH) and air velocity were measured at different points. Measurements were carried out when the wind speed was zero. The experimental results were compared with the analytical ones. The results illustrated that the modular wind tower can decrease the air temperature significantly and increase the relative humidity of airflow into the building. The average differences for air temperature and air relative humidity between ambient air and air exiting from the wind tower were approximately 10 °C and 40%, respectively. The main advantage of the proposed wind tower is that it is a modular design that can reduce the cost of wind tower construction.

International audience; CODYRUN is a multi-zone software integrating thermal building simulation, airflow, and pollutant transfer. Described in numerous publications, this software was originally used forthe passive designof buildings, both for research and teaching purposes.In this context, the data treated were mainly concerned with volumes (zones), surfaces and thicknesses (walls and windows), materials, and systems, with the aim to determine temperatures, heat fluxes,energy consumed, air transfers, and so on. The question thus arose as to the integration o findoor lighting conditions into the simulation. Hence, previous data structures had to be amended to incorporate the spatial positioning of entities (walls, windows, and artificial lighting sources) through vertexes. A set of procedures was also developed for polygons as well as calculating natural and artificial lighting. The results of this new daylighting module were then compared with other results of simulation codes and experimental cases both in artificial and natural environments. Excellent agreements were obtained, such as the values for luminous efficiencies in a tropical and humid climate. A simulation exercise was conducted in a classroom located in Reunion Island (French overseas territory in the Indian Ocean), thus confirming the interest for thermal and daylighting design in low-energy buildings.

Densities, refractive indices and viscosities of the binary mixtures of dimethyl phthalate (or dimethyl adipate) + tetrahydrofuran have been measured at eight temperatures (288.15 to 323.15 K) and atmospheric pressure. All measurements were performed using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 digital vibrating-tube densimeter, Anton Paar RXA 156 refractometer and Anton Paar SVM 3000/G2 digital Stabinger viscometer, respectively. From the experimental densities, refractive indices and viscosities, the excess molar volumes, VE, deviations of refractive indices, DnD, and viscosity deviations, Dh, were calculated. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 172063]

[EN] This paper presents the evaluation of the performance of a ground source heat pump system monitored plant providing heating/cooling to an office building located in the Universitat Politècnica de València in Spain. The system was designed using GLHEPRO software and it has been monitored since 2005. Once a ground source heat pump has been designed, it is important to analyze its performance along the years after its construction and check whether the design was appropriate and the simulation predictions were consistent with real experimental measurements. This paper first presents the impact of the GSHP system in the ground thermal response. The simulations obtained in GLHEPRO software will be analyzed and compared to experimental measurements. The second purpose of this work is to compare the performance simulation results of a complete ground source heat pump system model built in TRNSYS, with the experimental measurements which have been registered and collected for one cooling day. Numerical predictions and experimental results are compared and discussed., This work was supported under the European FP7 framework programme "Advanced ground source heat pump systems for heating and cooling in Mediterranean climate" (Ground-Med).

This paper presents an electrodynamic/magnetorheological fluid (MRF)-based clutch activated using permanent magnets (PMs) attached to one shaft. During the electro-mechanical transient phase, when the two clutch shafts rotate at different speed, the PMs induce eddy currents on some conductive materials strategically placed in the system. The interaction between these currents and the magnetic induction produces an electromagnetic torque, which is added to that of the MRF, helping the clutch engagement in the start-up phase when an extra torque is necessary to overcome possible static frictions. Once the two shafts have reached the same speed, the eddy currents (and, consequently, the electromagnetic torque) vanish and the torque transmission is assured by the MRF only. The conductive material is arranged as a copper sheet and the performance of the device is investigated. The proposed clutch is analyzed using a 3-D finite-element code, which considers the B-H curve of the nonlinear materials (e.g., MRF, PMs, and ferromagnetic materials) and the movement of the different parts. Finally, in order to verify the finite element method model, some experimental measurements are performed on a prototype.

In this work, the implementation of an energetic model capable of predicting the energy consumption of a micro-electro discharge (micro-EDM) machine is presented. The developed model requires two main inputs: the estimate of the power absorbed by each subsystem composing the machine tool and the operation times, which includes the machining times. The power contributions can be determined via machine data sheets and via measurements. The energy consumption of a machine tool is due to two main contributions, ascribed to auxiliary units and to the manufacturing process itself. The developed model has been validated considering the micro-EDM milling of a circular pocket. The comparison between the estimated and measured energy consumption shows that the model is not only very accurate, but also very sensitive to the correct estimate of the machining times. Indeed, when the correction of the erosion time is operated by considering the actual value obtained by experiments instead of the one estimated by the CAD/CAM, the error referring to each energy contribution estimated by the model is greatly reduced. Furthermore, it can be noticed that most of the energy consumed by the micro-EDM manufacturing is actually inferable to the chiller unit.

Densities, viscosities and refractive indices of four binary systems consisting of pyridine with mono-, di-, and three- hydroxyl alcohols (1-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and glycerol) were measured at eight temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, and 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. From these data, excess molar volumes, viscosity deviations and deviations in refractive indices were calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation. The obtained results have been analyzed in terms of specific molecular interactions and mixing behavior between mixture components, taking into considerations effect of number and position of OH groups in polyols, as well as the influence of temperature on them. The modeling of VE binary data was performed with the Peng–Robinson–Stryjek–Vera cubic equation of state (PRSV CEOS) coupled with the van der Waals (vdW1) and CEOS/GE mixing rule introduced by Twu, Coon, Bluck, and Tilton (TCBT). The refractive indices of binary mixtures were predicted by various mixing rules and compared with experimental data. The viscosity modeling was done by two types of models: predictive UNIFAC-VISCO and correlative Teja–Rice and McAlister equations. In addition, due to the high importance of the prediction models, the experimental values of viscosity were used to determine the interaction parameters of following groups C6H5N–CH3, C6H5N–CH2, C6H5N–OH, C6H5N–CH, CH–CH3, CH–CH2, and CH–OH for their application in the UNIFAC-VISCO model.

Gas-evolving vertical electrode system is a typical electrochemical industrial reactor. Gas bubbles are released from the surfaces of the anode and affect the electrolyte flow pattern and even the cell performance. In the current work, the hydrodynamics induced by the air bubbles in a cold model was experimentally and numerically investigated. Particle image velocimetry and volumetric three-component velocimetry techniques were applied to experimentally visualize the hydrodynamics characteristics and flow fields in a two-dimensional (2D) plane and a three-dimensional (3D) space, respectively. Measurements were performed at different gas rates. Furthermore, the corresponding mathematical model was developed under identical conditions for the qualitative and quantitative analyses. The experimental measurements were compared with the numerical results based on the mathematical model. The study of the time-averaged flow field, three velocity components, instantaneous velocity and turbulent intensity indicate that the numerical model qualitatively reproduces liquid motion. The 3D model predictions capture the flow behaviour more accurately than the 2D model in this study.

Electrochromic windows can play an important role for energy saving as well as for controlling the visual and thermal conditions inside a room. This paper starts with a critical review and the state-of-Art regarding the products today commercially available as well as the studies conducted on full scale electrochromic windows. The analysis allows to define the main parameters characterizing the electrochromic windows with particular regard to their optical, thermal and electrical characteristics, while assuming that the physical quantities, generally used to evaluate the behaviour of standard glasses, are not sufficient to evaluate the performances of the smart windows. In addition the experimental studies conducted on full scale electrochromic windows are analysed highlighting the measured physical quantities and the applied measurement methodologies considering both field and laboratory tests. Taking into account the need to accurately predict the operating characteristics and optimum design of electrochromic windows, a review of the theoretical studies available in the scientific literature as well as the developed theoretical models are presented. Finally, an experimental station for evaluating the on-site performances of different types of full scale smart windows and the layout of sensors used for the acquisition of internal and external physical quantities was described.

In this paper an experimental and numerical study to investigate the convective heat transfer characteristics of fully developed turbulent flow of a water-Al2O3 nanofluid in a circular tube is presented. The numerical simulations are accomplished on the experimental test section configuration. In the analysis, the fluid flow and the thermal field are assumed axial-symmetric, two-dimensional and steady state. The single-phase model is employed to model the nanofluid mixture and k-? model is used to describe the turbulent fluid flow. Experimental and numerical results are carried out for different volumetric flow rates and nanoparticles concentration values. Heat transfer convective coefficients as a function of flow rates and Reynolds numbers are presented. The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficients increase for all nanofluids concentrations compared to pure water at increasing volumetric flow rate. Heat transfer coefficient increases are observed at assigned volumetric flow rate for nanofluid mixture with higher concentrations whereas Nusselt numbers present lower values than the ones for pure water.

International audience; Results of railway traffic, concerning with the environmental disturbances (vibrations, noises, various pollutions, ...) are all the more important as the train velocities are higher. For vibrations, the effect of this velocity is directly linked to its relative value against that of waves propagating in the soil (particularly for Rayleigh surface waves). For soft soils (clay, peat, ...), a Rayleigh wave velocity very lower than 100 m/s is quite possible, and in this case, the reach of a super-Rayleigh regime can be envisaged for trains moving at high velocity. This situation includes important displacements in the rail (sometimes higher than 12 mm), not acting on the passengers comfort but troubling for the life duration of structure. This paper describes the numerical approach with a semi-analytical model for the waves propagation in the case of moving loadings. Also, sets of tests were able to be performed on two specific sites (peaty soil) with variable parameters (type and composition of trains, train velocity, traffic weight). The comparison achieved between displacements and velocities, obtained on the one hand through the numerical simulations and on the other hand by means of test measurements, must pass for a relatively satisfactory result, taking into account the numerous uncertainties in the two approaches. This agreement is enough correct to consider that the proposed model allows to obtain accurate informations for the railway behaviour and that of the surrounding soil.; Les conséquences de la circulation ferroviaire, en termes de nuisances environnementales (vibrations, bruits, pollutions diverses, ...) sont d'autant plus importantes que les vitesses des trains sont élevées. En ce qui concerne les vibrations, l'effet de cette vitesse est directement lié à son positionnement relatif vis-à-vis de celle des ondes se propageant dans le sol (en particulier, celle des ondes superficielles de Rayleigh). Pour des sols assez mous (argile, tourbe, ...), une vitesse d'onde de Rayleigh bien inférieure à 100 m/s est tout-à-fait possible, et dans ce cas, l'atteinte d'un régime super-Rayleigh est bien envisageable pour des trains circulant à grande vitesse. Cette situation se traduit par des déplacements importants au niveau du rail (supérieurs éventuellement à 12 mm), ne jouant pas sur le confort des passagers mais préoccupant pour la durée de vie de la structure. Cet article présente la mise en œuvre numérique d'un modèle semi-analytique de propagation d'ondes soumis à un ensemble de charges mobiles. Des séries d'essais ont pu également être opérées sur deux sites spécifiques (sol tourbeux) avec des paramètres variables (type et composition des trains, vitesse du train, poids du convoi). La comparaison qui a pu être réalisée entre les déplacements et les vitesses obtenus, d'une part, grâce aux simulations numériques et, d'autre part, par les mesures expérimentales, doit être considérée comme relativement satisfaisante compte tenu des différentes incertitudes présentes dans les deux démarches. Cet accord est suffisamment significatif pour estimer que le modèle qui est proposé permet d'obtenir des informations crédibles sur le comportement de la voie et du sol environnant.

Accurate thermophysical data for the CO2-rich mixtures relevant for carbon capture, transport and storage (CCS) are essential for the development of the accurate equations of state (EOS) and models needed for the design and operation of the processes within CCS. Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements for the binary system CO2 + O2 are reported at 218, 233, 253, 273, 288 and 298 K, with estimated standard uncertainties of maximum 8 mK in temperature, maximum 3 kPa in pressure, and maximum 0.0031 in the mole fractions of the phases in the mixture critical regions, and 0.0005 in the mole fractions outside the critical regions. These measurements are compared with existing data. Although some data exists, there are little trustworthy literature data around critical conditions, and the measurements in the present work indicate a need to revise the parameters of existing models. The data in the present work has significantly less scatter than most of the literature data, and range from the vapor pressure of pure CO2 to close to the mixture critical point pressure at all six temperatures. With the measurements in the present work, the data situation for the CO2 + O2 system is significantly improved, forming the basis to develop better equations of state for the system. A scaling law model is fitted to the critical region data of each isotherm, and high accuracy estimates for the critical composition and pressure are found. The Peng-Robinson EOS with the alpha correction by Mathias and Copeman, the mixing rules by Wong and Sandler, and the NRTL excess Gibbs energy model is fitted to the data in the present work, with a maximum absolute average deviation of 0.01 in mole fraction. Preprint submitted to Fluid Phase Equilibria

"First Published August 21, 2013", The thermal performance of a modular lightweight steel framed wall was measured and calculated with three-dimensional finite element method model. The focus of this article is on the effect of flanking thermal losses. The calculated heat flux values varied from ?22% (external surface) to +50% (internal surface) when flanking loss was set to 0 as a reference case, thermal transmittance equal to 0.30 W/(m2·K). Other critical parameters were the existence of fixing ?L?-shaped steel elements and the perimeter thermal insulation (10 cm XPS)., The authors would like to thank the European Union for funding in the form of the QREN SI I&DT N. 5527 – ‘CoolHaven – Development of residential modular and eco-sustainable houses, with structural light steel frames’ grant., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Viscosities and refractive indices of three binary systems, acetone+1-propanol, acetone+1,2-propanediol and acetone+1,3-propanediol, were measured at eight temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 323.15 K) and at atmospheric pressure. From these data, viscosity deviations and deviations in refractive index were calculated and fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation. The viscosity modelling was done by two types of models: predictive UNIFAC-VISCO and ASOG VISCO and correlative Teja-Rice and McAlister equations. The refractive indices of binary mixtures were predicted by various mixing rules and compared with experimental data. Viskoznosti i indeksi prelamanja tri binarna sistema aceton+1-propanol, aceton +1,2-propandiol i aceton+1,3-propandiol izmereni su na osam temperatura (288,15, 293,15, 298,15, 303,15, 308,15, 313,15, 318,15 i 323,15 K) i na atmosferskom pritisku. Iz izmerenih podataka izračunate su promene viskoznosti i promene indeksa prelamanja koje su korelisane jednačinom Redlich-Kister. Podaci za viskoznost su modelovani pomoću dva tipa modela: prediktivnih UNIFAC-VISCO i ASOG VISCO i korelativnih Teja-Rice i McAlister. Indeksi prelamanja dobijeni predviđanjem različitim pravilima mešanja poređeni su sa eksperimentalnim podacima.

Some projects such as the EUROMET project 463 have underlined the lack of agreement between experimental measurements and calculations by the finite element method (FEM), used to determine the piston fall rate of a high-pressure balance used in primary standards. This is significant because the piston fall rate is an essential parameter to characterize experimentally the mean gap between the piston and the cylinder and to determine the effective area (A p) at each pressure (p) point. By improving the method used to estimate the piston fall rate it is possible to improve the determination of the gap, the effective area and consequently the pressure distortion coefficient. One possible cause of the lack of agreement between the calculated and measured piston fall rates could be inappropriate modelling of the fluid flow. In fact, the former quasi-1D Stokes model assimilates the gap between the piston and the cylinder as formed by two parallel walls, which is an approximation. In addition, the velocity of the piston wall was neglected. In order to evaluate the influence of this model, the equations of the fluid flow are modified and are presented in this paper. Equations that were defined in a parallel-plane model are defined in an annular gap model. In addition to this, corrections due to the velocity of the piston wall are inserted. This research work is applied on a Desgranges et Huot DH 7594 piston-cylinder unit of PTB with a pressure up to 1 GPa, in the continuity of the EUROMET project 463 in order to quantify the influence of each correction that has been inserted in the new equations. This is carried out using the FEM. This analysis will allow us to evaluate the improvement of our knowledge of the behaviour of piston gauges and consequently to better evaluate the uncertainties due to the models.; International audience; Some projects such as the EUROMET project 463 have underlined the lack of agreement between experimental measurements and calculations by the finite element method (FEM), used to determine the piston fall rate of a high-pressure balance used in primary standards. This is significant because the piston fall rate is an essential parameter to characterize experimentally the mean gap between the piston and the cylinder and to determine the effective area (A p) at each pressure (p) point. By improving the method used to estimate the piston fall rate it is possible to improve the determination of the gap, the effective area and consequently the pressure distortion coefficient. One possible cause of the lack of agreement between the calculated and measured piston fall rates could be inappropriate modelling of the fluid flow. In fact, the former quasi-1D Stokes model assimilates the gap between the piston and the cylinder as formed by two parallel walls, which is an approximation. In addition, the velocity of the piston wall was neglected. In order to evaluate the influence of this model, the equations of the fluid flow are modified and are presented in this paper. Equations that were defined in a parallel-plane model are defined in an annular gap model. In addition to this, corrections due to the velocity of the piston wall are inserted. This research work is applied on a Desgranges et Huot DH 7594 piston-cylinder unit of PTB with a pressure up to 1 GPa, in the continuity of the EUROMET project 463 in order to quantify the influence of each correction that has been inserted in the new equations. This is carried out using the FEM. This analysis will allow us to evaluate the improvement of our knowledge of the behaviour of piston gauges and consequently to better evaluate the uncertainties due to the models.

Densities, viscosities and refractive indices of four binary systems benzene + PEG 200, benzene + PEG 400, toluene + PEG 200 and toluene + PEG 400 were measured at ten temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, 323.15, 328.15, 333.15 K) and at atmospheric pressure. From these data, excess molar volumes, viscosity deviations and deviations in refractive index were calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation. The obtained results have been analyzed in terms of specific molecular interactions and mixing behaviour between mixture components, taking into considerations effect of temperature on them. The refractive indices of binary mixtures were predicted by various mixing rules and compared with experimental data. The viscosity modelling was done by two types of models: group contribution UNIFAC–VISCO and ASOG–VISCO and correlative Teja–Rice and McAllister equations. The experimental values of viscosity were used to determine the interaction parameters of following groups CH ar CH 2 O, CH ar C ar , C ar CH 3 , C ar CH 2 , C ar OH and C ar CH 2 O for their application in the UNIFAC–VISCO model. The same approach was used for calculation of following binary interaction parameters used in ASOG–VISCO model: CH ar CH 2 O, CH ar C ar , C ar CH 2 , C ar OH and C ar CH 2 O.

International audience; In this work, experimental hydrate dissociation conditions of methane in the presence of 0.06, 0.10, and 0.20 mass fractions of methanol and 0.10 and 0.25 mass fractions of ethane-1,2-diol in aqueous solutions are reported. In addition, phase equilibria of a ternary mixture of methane (0.9319 mole fraction) + ethane (0.0481 mole fraction) + propane (0.02 mole fraction) in the presence of 0.25 mass fraction of ethane-1,2-diol aqueous solution is investigated. A high-pressure equilibrium cell is used for measurement of hydrate dissociation conditions in the temperature range of (265.4 to 282.0) K and pressure range of (1.97 to 6.96) MPa. The experimental gas hydrate dissociation conditions are modeled using the van der Waals and Platteeuw (vdW-P) solid solution theory for dealing with the hydrate phase and the Valderrama-Patel-Teja equation of state (VPT-EoS) along with the nondensity dependent (NDD) mixing rules to account for the fluid phases. The obtained experimental data are finally compared with selected experimental data from the literature as well as the model predictions, and acceptable agreements are observed.

cited By 15; International audience; This paper is devoted to the modelling of the viscoelasto-viscoplastic behaviour of amorphous polymers based on the Quasi Point Defects (QPD) theory. A summarized and unified description of the main assumptions is presented in its scalar formulation to compute the complex viscoelasto-viscoplastic behaviour of an amorphous medium in the glassy state from linear to non-linear ranges. Based on an original scenario for the microstructural reorganization caused by an external thermomechanical stimulus and related to the two main relaxation processes, this theory allows a coherent description of the material response under large conditions of temperature and strain rate by using a single set of material parameters. A convincing validation is performed on a ductile bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC-BPA) by comparison between computed results and experimental measurements. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Viscosities for the binary mixtures 2-methyl-2-propanol + n-heptane, +n-octane, +n-nonane and +n-decane have been measured at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 323.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Viscosity deviations for the binary systems were fitted to the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The UNIFAC–VISCO and the ASOG–VISCO methods were used to predict the dynamic viscosities of binary mixtures. The viscosity data have also been correlated by Teja–Rice and McAllister models. In addition, the experimental values of viscosity were used to determine the new interaction parameters of alkanes with tertiary alcohols (CH3/OHt and CH2/OHt) for their application in the UNIFAC–VISCO model.

International audience; The solubility of adamantane was measured in eight phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) having cations with different alkyl chain lengths, namely, tributyl(methyl)phosphonium, triisobutyl(methyl)phosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, and tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium, combined with several anions, namely, bromide, chloride, dicyanamide, methanesulfonate, methylsulfate, bistriflamide, and tosylate. The experimental measurements were carried over the temperature range from (380 to 463) K and at pressures close to 0.1 MPa. The solubility of adamantane was shown to be essentially dependent on the alkyl chain length of the IL cation and, to a lesser extent, on the nature of the IL anion. In general, higher solubilities of adamantane were observed with ILs presenting more hydrophobic character.