12 results on '"Eric Wu"'
Search Results
2. Residual Attention based Network for Hand Bone Age Assessment
- Author
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Lu Yi, Bin Kong, Xin Wang, Youbing Yin, Junjie Bai, Eric Wu, Feng Gao, Shaoting Zhang, Qi Song, Kunlin Cao, and Siwei Lyu
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Deep learning ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,020207 software engineering ,Bone age ,02 engineering and technology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Residual ,Pipeline (software) ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Machine Learning (cs.LG) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Bone age assessment ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Key (cryptography) ,Segmentation ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
Computerized automatic methods have been employed to boost the productivity as well as objectiveness of hand bone age assessment. These approaches make predictions according to the whole X-ray images, which include other objects that may introduce distractions. Instead, our framework is inspired by the clinical workflow (Tanner-Whitehouse) of hand bone age assessment, which focuses on the key components of the hand. The proposed framework is composed of two components: a Mask R-CNN subnet of pixelwise hand segmentation and a residual attention network for hand bone age assessment. The Mask R-CNN subnet segments the hands from X-ray images to avoid the distractions of other objects (e.g., X-ray tags). The hierarchical attention components of the residual attention subnet force our network to focus on the key components of the X-ray images and generate the final predictions as well as the associated visual supports, which is similar to the assessment procedure of clinicians. We evaluate the performance of the proposed pipeline on the RSNA pediatric bone age dataset 1 and the results demonstrate its superiority over the previous methods.1http://rsnachallenges.cloudapp.net/competitions/4
- Published
- 2018
3. In-Vitro Evaluation of Cardiac Energetics and Coronary Flow with Volume Displacement and Rotary Blood Pumps
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F. John Fraser, Geoff Tansley, D. Shaun Gregory, and L. Eric Wu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart Ventricles ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0206 medical engineering ,Hemodynamics ,02 engineering and technology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Ventricular Function, Left ,03 medical and health sciences ,Coronary circulation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Heart-Assist Devices ,business.industry ,Models, Cardiovascular ,Heart ,Blood flow ,020601 biomedical engineering ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ventricular assist device ,Volume displacement ,Circulatory system ,Cardiology ,business ,Artery - Abstract
Bridge to recovery with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support has been more prominent with volume displacement pumps (VDPs) than with rotary blood pumps (RBPs), which may be due to VDPs providing greater ventricular unloading and coronary artery flow. To compare ventricular unloading and coronary flow of VDPs and RBPs in a repeatable environment, a physiologic coronary circulation was added to a pre-existing mock circulatory loop. In this study, a physiologic coronary circulation, mimicking a healthy or diseased auto-regulatory response was implemented in a mock circulatory loop. Using the mock circulation loop, a VDP with original (Björk-Shiley) and then replacement (jellyfish) valves was operated in clinically recommended modes and compared to full and partial assist RBP operating at constant speed and rapid speed modulated modes. The Björk-Shiley VDP resulted in increased pressure-volume area, which resulted in greater coronary artery flow when compared to the improved jellyfish valves. Full assist RBP support reduced left ventricular stroke work, pressure-volume area and coronary flow compared to partial assist, whilst the effect of speed modulation modes was not as significant. Of all LVAD operating modes, the counter-pulsed VDP with jellyfish valves demonstrated the greatest reduction in pressure-volume area and improved coronary flow. This study provides a basis for further investigation into RBP speed modulation profiles to match the improved haemodynamic performance of VDPs.
- Published
- 2018
4. Conditional Infilling GANs for Data Augmentation in Mammogram Classification
- Author
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Eric Wu, Kevin Wu, David D. Cox, and William Lotter
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0301 basic medicine ,Training set ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Deep learning ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,02 engineering and technology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,03 medical and health sciences ,Class imbalance ,030104 developmental biology ,Ask price ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,Mammography ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Breast cancer classification ,Classifier (UML) ,computer - Abstract
Deep learning approaches to breast cancer detection in mammograms have recently shown promising results. However, such models are constrained by the limited size of publicly available mammography datasets, in large part due to privacy concerns and the high cost of generating expert annotations. Limited dataset size is further exacerbated by substantial class imbalance since “normal” images dramatically outnumber those with findings. Given the rapid progress of generative models in synthesizing realistic images, and the known effectiveness of simple data augmentation techniques (e.g. horizontal flipping), we ask if it is possible to synthetically augment mammogram datasets using generative adversarial networks (GANs). We train a class-conditional GAN to perform contextual in-filling, which we then use to synthesize lesions onto healthy screening mammograms. First, we show that GANs are capable of generating high-resolution synthetic mammogram patches. Next, we experimentally evaluate using the augmented dataset to improve breast cancer classification performance. We observe that a ResNet-50 classifier trained with GAN-augmented training data produces a higher AUROC compared to the same model trained only on traditionally augmented data, demonstrating the potential of our approach.
- Published
- 2018
5. Methylxanthine Drug Monitoring with Wearable Sweat Sensors
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Junfeng Sun, Quynh P. Ngo, Ziba Shahpar, Gyoujin Cho, Wei Gao, Hyejin Park, Minghan Chao, Hiroki Ota, Ali Javey, Mallika Bariya, Younsu Jung, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein, Eric Wu, Li Chia Tai, Hossain M. Fahad, and Der Hsien Lien
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Drug ,Drug doses ,Materials science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Wearable computer ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,SWEAT ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Wearable Electronic Devices ,Pharmacokinetics ,Humans ,General Materials Science ,Sweat ,media_common ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Mechanical Engineering ,010401 analytical chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Xanthines ,Drug intoxication ,Drug Monitoring ,0210 nano-technology ,Caffeine ,Blood drawing ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Drug monitoring plays crucial roles in doping control and precision medicine. It helps physicians tailor drug dosage for optimal benefits, track patients' compliance to prescriptions, and understand the complex pharmacokinetics of drugs. Conventional drug tests rely on invasive blood draws. While urine and sweat are attractive alternative biofluids, the state-of-the-art methods require separate sample collection and processing steps and fail to provide real-time information. Here, a wearable platform equipped with an electrochemical differential pulse voltammetry sensing module for drug monitoring is presented. A methylxanthine drug, caffeine, is selected to demonstrate the platform's functionalities. Sweat caffeine levels are monitored under various conditions, such as drug doses and measurement time after drug intake. Elevated sweat caffeine levels upon increasing dosage and confirmable caffeine physiological trends are observed. This work leverages a wearable sweat sensing platform toward noninvasive and continuous point-of-care drug monitoring and management.
- Published
- 2017
6. Considerations for sizing energy storage technologies in wave energy systems
- Author
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Eric Wu and Andrew M. Knight
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Pumped-storage hydroelectricity ,Engineering ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Electrical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Grid ,Energy storage ,Accumulator (energy) ,Electricity generation ,Distributed generation ,Wind wave ,Intermittent energy source ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,business - Abstract
The fluctuating nature of ocean waves requires the use of energy storage in wave energy systems to smooth output power. This is particularly true when a wave energy system connects to a remote, weak grid. The energy storage requirement will vary depending on the number of wave energy generators and storage placement within the collector system. This paper investigates the variation of storage size with location and numbers of WECs in a weak grid. The impact of temporal phase shift between waves is also studied.
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- 2017
7. 3D Printed 'Earable' Smart Devices for Real-Time Detection of Core Body Temperature
- Author
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Yasutomo Matsuoka, Kevin Chen, Minghan Chao, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein, Li Chia Tai, Wei Gao, Ali Javey, Hossain M. Fahad, Eric Wu, Yuji Gao, Liwei Lin, Kosuke Iwai, and Hiroki Ota
- Subjects
Materials science ,Microphone ,Smart device ,Biomedical Engineering ,3D printing ,Wearable computer ,wearable device ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,bone conduction hearing aid ,010402 general chemistry ,Cardiovascular ,01 natural sciences ,flexible electronics ,law.invention ,Analytical Chemistry ,law ,Clinical Research ,Wireless ,Nanotechnology ,Instrumentation ,Electronic circuit ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,core body temperature ,Assistive Technology ,business.industry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Health Services ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Flexible electronics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Core (optical fiber) ,Good Health and Well Being ,liquid metal ,Generic health relevance ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Computer hardware - Abstract
Real-time detection of basic physiological parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate is an important target in wearable smart devices for healthcare. Among these, the core body temperature is one of the most important basic medical indicators of fever, insomnia, fatigue, metabolic functionality, and depression. However, traditional wearable temperature sensors are based upon the measurement of skin temperature, which can vary dramatically from the true core body temperature. Here, we demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) printed wearable “earable” smart device that is designed to be worn on the ear to track core body temperature from the tympanic membrane (i.e., ear drum) based on an infrared sensor. The device is fully integrated with data processing circuits and a wireless module for standalone functionality. Using this smart earable device, we demonstrate that the core body temperature can be accurately monitored regardless of the environment and activity of the user. In addition, a microphone and actuator are also integrated so that the device can also function as a bone conduction hearing aid. Using 3D printing as the fabrication method enables the device to be customized for the wearer for more personalized healthcare. This smart device provides an important advance in realizing personalized health care by enabling real-time monitoring of one of the most important medical parameters, core body temperature, employed in preliminary medical screening tests.
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- 2017
8. Theory of Glial Cells &Neurons Emulating Biological Neural Networks (BNN) for Natural Intelligence (NI) Operated Effortlessly at A Minimum Free Energy (MFE)
- Author
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Kim Scheff, John E. Gray, Simon Y. Foo, Mike Wardlaw, Hong Yu, Jeff Willey, Joseph L, Yufeng Zheng, Jae H. Cha, Henry Chu, Jerry Wu, Guna Seetharaman, Eric Wu, Harold H. Szu, and Charles Hsu
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Engineering ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Natural intelligence ,Control engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0204 chemical engineering ,Biomimetics ,business ,Energy (signal processing) ,Simulation ,Minimum free energy - Published
- 2017
9. Autonomous sweat extraction and analysis applied to cystic fibrosis and glucose monitoring using a fully integrated wearable platform
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Ziba Shahpar, Sean P. Ryan, Carlos Milla, Ronald W. Davis, Kevin Chen, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein, Zoe Davies, Wei Gao, Hossain M. Fahad, Sam Emaminejad, Samyuktha Challa, Ali Javey, Salmonn Talebi, and Eric Wu
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Monitoring ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Wearable computer ,Bioengineering ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Cystic fibrosis ,wearable ,SWEAT ,Wearable Electronic Devices ,Clinical Research ,noninvasive ,Sweat gland ,medicine ,Humans ,Perspiration ,Physiologic ,Sweat ,Lung ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,screening and diagnosis ,Multidisciplinary ,Iontophoresis ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,personalized medicine ,iontophoresis ,biosensors ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,0104 chemical sciences ,Detection ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Glucose ,In situ analysis ,Physical Sciences ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Perspiration-based wearable biosensors facilitate continuous monitoring of individuals' health states with real-time and molecular-level insight. The inherent inaccessibility of sweat in sedentary individuals in large volume (≥10 µL) for on-demand and in situ analysis has limited our ability to capitalize on this noninvasive and rich source of information. A wearable and miniaturized iontophoresis interface is an excellent solution to overcome this barrier. The iontophoresis process involves delivery of stimulating agonists to the sweat glands with the aid of an electrical current. The challenge remains in devising an iontophoresis interface that can extract sufficient amount of sweat for robust sensing, without electrode corrosion and burning/causing discomfort in subjects. Here, we overcame this challenge through realizing an electrochemically enhanced iontophoresis interface, integrated in a wearable sweat analysis platform. This interface can be programmed to induce sweat with various secretion profiles for real-time analysis, a capability which can be exploited to advance our knowledge of the sweat gland physiology and the secretion process. To demonstrate the clinical value of our platform, human subject studies were performed in the context of the cystic fibrosis diagnosis and preliminary investigation of the blood/sweat glucose correlation. With our platform, we detected the elevated sweat electrolyte content of cystic fibrosis patients compared with that of healthy control subjects. Furthermore, our results indicate that oral glucose consumption in the fasting state is followed by increased glucose levels in both sweat and blood. Our solution opens the possibility for a broad range of noninvasive diagnostic and general population health monitoring applications.
- Published
- 2017
10. Wearable sweat biosensors
- Author
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Li Chia Tai, Hossain M. Fahad, Wei Gao, Ziba Shahpar, Eric Wu, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein, Kevin Chen, Ali Javey, Hiroki Ota, and Mallika Bariya
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Engineering ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Wearable computer ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,SWEAT ,Human–computer interaction ,Physiological monitoring ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Wearable perspiration biosensors enable real-time analysis of the sweat composition and can provide insightful information about health conditions. In this review, we discuss the recent developments in wearable sweat sensing platforms and detection techniques. Specifically, on-body monitoring of a wide spectrum of sweat biomarkers are illustrated. Opportunities and challenges in the field are discussed. Although still in an early research stage, wearable sweat biosensors may enable a wide range of personalized diagnostic and physiological monitoring applications.
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- 2016
11. Wearable Microsensor Array for Multiplexed Heavy Metal Monitoring of Body Fluids
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Ali Javey, Yuji Gao, Li Chia Tai, Hossain M. Fahad, James Bullock, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein, Ziba Shahpar, Kevin Chen, Sam Emaminejad, Yuping Zeng, Hiroki Ota, Der Hsien Lien, Wei Gao, and Eric Wu
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Materials science ,Analytical chemistry ,Electronic skin ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,flexible electronics ,temperature compensation ,Analytical Chemistry ,Metal ,Nanotechnology ,Instrumentation ,Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,heavy metals monitoring ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,wearable biosensors ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Repeatability ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electrochemical gas sensor ,Microelectrode ,Anodic stripping voltammetry ,sweat ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0210 nano-technology ,multiplexed sensing - Abstract
A flexible and wearable microsensor array is described for simultaneous multiplexed monitoring of heavy metals in human body fluids. Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Hg ions are chosen as target analytes for detection via electrochemical square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) on Au and Bi microelectrodes. The oxidation peaks of these metals are calibrated and compensated by incorporating a skin temperature sensor. High selectivity, repeatability, and flexibility of the sensor arrays are presented. Human sweat and urine samples are collected for heavy metal analysis, and measured results from the microsensors are validated through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Real-time on-body evaluation of heavy metal (e.g., zinc and copper) levels in sweat of human subjects by cycling is performed to examine the change in concentrations with time. This platform is anticipated to provide insightful information about an individual's health state such as heavy metal exposure and aid the related clinical investigations.
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- 2016
12. Application of 3D Printing for Smart Objects with Embedded Electronic Sensors and Systems
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Ali Javey, Yuji Gao, Daisuke Kiriya, Kevin Chen, Adam R. Ferguson, Ronald W. Davis, Allan Zhao, Sam Emaminejad, Kevin E. Healy, Kazuhito Morioka, Eric Wu, Hiroshi Shiraki, Samyuktha Challa, Hossain M. Fahad, Amit K. Jha, Wei Gao, and Hiroki Ota
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Smart objects ,Electrical engineering ,Process (computing) ,3D printing ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Control electronics ,Good Health and Well Being ,Mechanics of Materials ,Electronic engineering ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Applications of a 3D printing process are presented. This process integrates liquid-state printed components and interconnects with IC chips in all three dimensions, various orientations, and multiple printing layers to deliver personalized system-level functionalities. As an example application, a form-fitting glove is demonstrated with embedded programmable heater, temperature sensor, and the associated control electronics for thermotherapeutic treatment.
- Published
- 2016
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