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78 results on '"China Scholarship Council (CSC)"'

1. Skin layer stratification in drying droplets of dairy colloids

Author

Xiao Dong Chen, Françoise Boissel, Ludovic Pauchard, Nan Fu, Cécile Le Floch-Fouéré, Ming Yu, Romain Jeantet, Luca Lanotte, Arnaud Saint-Jalmes, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Soochow University, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work is supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and Institut Agro / INRAE, in the frame of the FoodPRINT International Associated Laboratory between STLO and the School of Chemical and Environmental of Soochow University., and supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and Institut Agro / INRAE, in the frame of the FoodPRINT International Associated Laboratory between STLO and the School of Chemical and Environmental of Soochow University.

Subjects
Interfaces, Evaporation, Stratification (water), Dairy industry, 02 engineering and technology, colloidal dispersion, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, evaporation, Colloid, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Rheology, Dairy colloids, milk powder, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], [PHYS]Physics [physics], Chemistry, Direct observation, Foams, Drying mechanisms, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemical engineering, Scientific method, rheology, droplet, Stratification, 0210 nano-technology, Layer (electronics), [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Skin formation
Abstract

International audience; The evaporation of a colloidal dispersion is characterized by solute accumulation at the air-liquid interface, leading to the gradual formation of a gelled skin. The development of this layer, from preliminary colloid deposit to complete solidification, affects overall drying process and final sample morphology. Despite, progress in the last decades, the mechanisms governing skin formation in drying colloidal suspensions have not yet been fully clarified, especially in complex polydisperse systems. In this work, we investigate this open question in droplets consisting of the two main milk proteins, i.e. whey proteins and casein micelles. Using complementary experimental approaches, we evaluate skin rheological behavior during the different stages of the evaporation process, highlighting the specific role of each colloid. Our results are interpreted in the light of drying-induced protein stratification, whose evidence is provided by the direct observation of dry skin section structure. This study contributes to the understanding of the competitive drying mechanisms occurring in binary colloidal systems. Moreover, our outcomes are potentially valuable for the optimization of milk powder production in dairy industry.

Published
2021
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2. Investigation of human-device interaction via predictive simulation

Author

Abderraouf Benali, Eric Monacelli, Yu Weiwei, Yin ChengXin, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes de Versailles (LISV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Northwestern Polytechnical University [Xi'an] (NPU), China Scholarship Council, CSC China Scholarship Council, CSC, and ∗The author is sponsored by China Scholarship Council (CSC)

Subjects
Human-device interaction, Human postural analysis, Computer science, 05 social sciences, Work (physics), Elbow, 020207 software engineering, Spring force, Muscle activation, 02 engineering and technology, Exoskeleton, Predictive simulation, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], medicine.anatomical_structure, Human muscle, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Musculoskeletal modeling, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Elbow flexion, 050107 human factors
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction characteristics between human upper extremity limb and mobility assistance device, in order to test the effects of different device designs on human arm movement. In this paper, the role of mobility-aid for the human arm was depicted by an ideal generalized spring force appended onto the human elbow joint. The main contribution of this work resides in the use of musculoskeletal modelling and predictive simulation to describe the interaction by exploiting the variables of the equivalent spring force during an elbow flexion movement. Results showed that the different variables of the spring force would result in a variety of levels of human muscle activation, where we can draw a conclusion that interaction characteristics affect the human arm movement. Besides, it is also available for recommending the most suitable force variables in terms of minimization of muscle activation.

Published
2020
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3. A pulsed electron beam synthesis of PEDOT conducting polymers by using sulfate radicals as oxidizing species

Author

Samy Remita, Jean-Michel Guigner, Zhenpeng Cui, Jean-Louis Marignier, Cecilia Coletta, Stéphane Néron, Alexandre Dazzi, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique D'Orsay (LCPO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (LCP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), China Scholarship Council (CSC) Funding Text : We acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Also, we thank Sarah Baiz (Laboratoire Procedes et Ingenierie en Mecanique et Materiaux, PIMM, ENSAM, UMR 8006, CNRS, CNAM, France) for SEM experiments., and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)

Subjects
Materials science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Inorganic chemistry, Conducting polymers, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, PEDOT:PSS, Oxidizing agent, Radiolysis, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, chemistry.chemical_classification, Conductive polymer, Radiation, Aqueous solution, Polymer, Potassium persulfate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Persulfate, 0104 chemical sciences, Sulfate radicals, chemistry, Polymerization, 0210 nano-technology, Pulsed electron beams
Abstract

International audience; In this study, an original radiolytic method, based on pulsed electron beam irradiation, is used for the synthesis of conducting PEDOT in an aqueous solution containing EDOT monomers in the presence of potassium persulfate, K2S2O8, at 0 degrees C. At this low temperature, EDOT monomers are not chemically oxidized by S2O82- anions, initiating PEDOT polymerization, but are rather oxidized by sulfate radicals, SO4 center dot-, which are radiolytically generated by the reaction of solvated electrons, produced by water radiolysis, with persulfate anions. Successfully, as demonstrated by UV-vis absorption spectrophotometry and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, irradiating the aqueous solution, by using a series of accumulated electron pulses, enables complete EDOT oxidation and quantitative in situ PEDOT polymerization through a step-by-step oxidation mechanism. The morphology of PEDOT polymers, mixed with tin reacted K2S2O8 salt, is characterized by Cryo-TEM microscopy in aqueous solution and by SEM after deposition. Successfully, in the absence of any washing step, high resolution AFM microscopy, coupled with infrared nanospectroscopy, is used to discriminate between the organic polymers and the inorganic salt and to, probe the local chemical composition of PEDOT nanostructures. The results demonstrate that PEDOT polymers form globular self-assembled nanostructures which preferentially adsorb onto unreacted K2S2O8 solid nanoplates. The present results first demonstrate the efficiency of sulfate radicals as oxidizing species for the preparation of nanostructured PEDOT polymers and second highlight the promising potentiality of electron accelerators in the field of conducting polymers synthesis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2016
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4. Changes in microstructure and water retention property of a lime-treated saline soil during curing

Author

Cui, Yu-Jun, Benahmed, Nadia, Duc, Myriam, Communication, Short, YING, Zi, Géotechnique (CERMES), Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER UMR 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Gustave Eiffel, and China Scholarship Council (CSC) Ecole des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)INRAE

Subjects
Curing (food preservation), Soil salinity, Suction, microstructure, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Pore water pressure, curing time, aggregate size, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), medicine, lime, 0101 mathematics, Composite material, water retention, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Lime, Aggregate (composite), Chemistry, 010102 general mathematics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Water retention, AGEO-D-20-00599R2 Lime-treated saline soil, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, Pozzolanic reaction, compacted soil, ZABR, medicine.symptom
Abstract

International audience; This study aims at investigating the lime treatment effect on the changes in microstructure and water retention property of compacted saline soil, with consideration of the aggregate size effect. Two soil powders with different maximum aggregate sizes (Dmax = 0.4 and 5 mm) were prepared and stabilized by 2% lime. The microstructure, total suction and matric suction were determined at various curing times. Results showed that the lime treatment caused a rapid decrease in micro-pores and an increase in macro-pores due to the flocculation of soil particles. During curing, the percentage of micro-pores decreased and that of nano-pores increased slightly. Due to the modification of microstructure, the matric suction increased significantly at 90-day curing. However, the curing time effect on the total suction was insignificant. This was due to the fact that the Ca2+ and Mg2+ in soil pore water and the Ca2+ from hydrated lime were consumed in the precipitations of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2, cation exchanges and pozzolanic reaction, resulting in a reduction in osmotic suction. Therefore, the increase in total suction was slight, as the increase in matric suction was balanced by the decrease in osmotic suction. The treated specimens with larger aggregates exhibited a larger modal size and thus had a smaller air entry value. The aggregate size effect on the water retention property of total suction and matric suction was found to be insignificant, which could be explained by the similar pore size distribution at micro-pore range and the same soil mineralogy for specimens with different aggregates.

Published
2021
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5. Two-step assembly kinetics of gold nanoparticles

Author

Cyrille Hamon, Doru Constantin, Jieli Lyu, Damien Alloyeau, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), SOLEIL synchrotron, and China Scholarship Council (CSC)

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Bilayer, Kinetics, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, Reaction rate constant, Pulmonary surfactant, Chemical engineering, Colloidal gold, Transmission electron microscopy, Materials Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

International audience; We study the assembly kinetics of surfactant-stabilized gold nanoparticles in the presence of sulfate ions. The reaction proceeds in two steps: very rapid (a few minutes) formation of amorphous aggregates, followed by slow reordering (over several hours). The latter process is the only one detectable via absorbance spectroscopy and results in the formation of intimate contacts between the objects, with interparticle distances below the thickness of a surfactant bilayer. The rate-limiting step of the reaction could be related to surfactant expulsion from the initial aggregates, which allows the particles to come in close contact and form chains. There are marked differences in reaction yield and rate constant between spheres, rods and bipyramids, highlighting the role of surface curvature in contact formation. Once formed, the assemblies are very sturdy and stable under centrifugation and dialysis. The contact interaction is strong and highly directional, as shown by liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy.

Published
2021
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6. Weakly intrusive time homogenization technique to deal with pseudo-cyclic coupled thermomechanical problems with uncertainties

Author

Mainak Bhattacharyya, Chenchen Chu, Béatrice Faverjon, David Dureisseix, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de mécanique et technologie (LMT), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Carnot Institute Ingénierie@Lyon (MURMUR project), China Scholarship Council (CSC Grant 201801810065), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, Computational Mechanics, Ocean Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Homogenization (chemistry), [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Surrogate model, 0203 mechanical engineering, Applied mathematics, Computational Science and Engineering, 0101 mathematics, Fatigue, Polynomial chaos, Stochastic process, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Parametric uncertainty quantification, 010101 applied mathematics, Time multiscale, Computational Mathematics, Damage, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Computational Theory and Mathematics, [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], Embedding
Abstract

International audience; This article is dedicated to the analysis of visco-plastic and damageable structures submitted to thermomechanical loadings embedding some uncertain parameters. In particular, complex time evolutions of the loadings are considered, at two different time scales. An homogenized-in-time model is used to provide kind of a surrogate model for damage evolution analysis. Then a stochastic analysis using polynomial chaos expansion with collocation can be performed. Indeed, though this is a non-intrusive approach, it belongs to the category of many-query problems, so the surrogate model allows to reduce the computational cost in order to be affordable. Focus is herein on the complex time evolutions, the considered test case is mono-dimensional, but up to 300 000 cycles are used.

Published
2020
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7. Crystallographic anisotropy of the superelastic and mechanical properties of the Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn alloy evidenced by nanoindentation at the grain scale

Author

T. Gloriant, D. Laillé, A. Fillon, Y. Zhou, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council (CSC) China Scholarship Council [201701810085], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Pole figure, 01 natural sciences, Indentation hardness, Nanoindentation, Indentation, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Titanium alloys, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Superelasticity, Anisotropy, 010302 applied physics, Mechanical anisotropy, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Electron backscattered diffraction, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Crystallography, Mechanics of Materials, Diffusionless transformation, Martensite, Martensitic transformation, 0210 nano-technology, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; Nanoindentation was combined with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to investigate the crystallographic anisotropy of indentation responses of individual grains in the superelastic Ti2033 alloy. The high statistic of measurements from grains oriented over a large range of crystallographic directions facilitated a fundamental study covering the entire stereographic triangle of the beta phase. For a highlighted visual effect, results were presented as inverse pole figure distribution maps of depth recovery, work recovery, indentation modulus and hardness. Results showed that the pronounced anisotropy behaviors of indentation modulus, depth and work recovery ratios resulted from the anisotropy in Young's modulus and in compressive lattice distortion between the bcc structure of beta phase and the orthorhombic structure of the stress-induced alpha" martensite phase, respectively. However, orientation dependence was gone when plasticity occurred. The orientation-independency in indentation hardness was due to the various slip systems that might be activated within bcc crystals.

Published
2022
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8. Probing grain size effect in the superelastic Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn alloy using spherical nanoindentation

Author

Zhou, Y., Fillon, A., Laillé, D., Gloriant, T., Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, CSC: 201701810085, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Stress-induced martensitic transformation, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Grain size, Nanoindentation, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Titanium alloys, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Superelasticity, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Grain size effect on superelasticity was investigated in Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn alloys for the same crystallographic texture and for a broad grain size range from 7 μm to 180 μm. The dependence of superelasticity on grain size was studied by spherical nanoindentation. Results displayed the same tendency as that observed during tensile tests. The small-sized β grains favored the martensitic transformation, and exhibited the greater superelasticity. It is confirmed that spherical nanoindentation is capable of characterizing superelasticity and is sensitive enough to probe grain size effect in superelastic alloys. It is also shown that β grain size evidently affects indentation hardness and modulus. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Published
2022
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9. Mechanistic insights into the anisotropic growth of ZnO nanoparticles deciphered through 2D size plots and multivariate analysis

Author

Christophe Mingotaud, Jean-Daniel Marty, Yinping Wang, Zhihua Zhao, Myrtil L. Kahn, Céline Delmas, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDeAS - Interfaces Dynamiques et Assemblages Stimulables (IDeAS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), China Scholarship Council (CSC), CNRS, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Subjects
Materials science, General Engineering, Nucleation, Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Aspect ratio (image), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Hydrolysis, Chemical engineering, Scientific method, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Nanorod, 0210 nano-technology, Anisotropy, Nanoscopic scale
Abstract

International audience; The control and understanding of the nucleation and growth of nano-objects are key points for improving and/or considering the new applications of a given material at the nanoscale. Mastering the morphology is essential as the final properties are drastically affected by the size, shape, and surface structure. Yet, a number of challenges remain, including evidencing and understanding the relationship between the experimental parameters of the synthesis and the shape of the nanoparticles. Here we analyzed jointly and in detail the formation of anisotropic ZnO nanoparticles under different experimental conditions by using two different analytical tools enabling the analysis of TEM images: 2D size plots and multivariate statistical analysis. Well-defined crystalline ZnO nanorods were obtained through the hydrolysis of a dicyclohexyl zinc precursor in the presence of a primary fatty amine. Such statistical tools allow one to fully understand the effect of experimental parameters such as the hydrolysis rate, the mixing time before hydrolysis, the length of the ligand aliphatic chain, and the amount of water. All these analyses suggest a growth process by oriented attachment. Taking advantage of this mechanism, the size and aspect ratio of the ZnO nanorods can be easily tuned. These findings shed light on the relative importance of experimental parameters that govern the growth of nano-objects. This general methodological approach can be easily extended to any type of nanoparticle.

Published
2021
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10. Anisotropic growth of ZnO nanoparticles driven by the structure of amine surfactants: the role of surface dynamics in nanocrystal growth

Author

Jean-Daniel Marty, Christine Lepetit, Yinping Wang, Christophe Mingotaud, Myrtil L. Kahn, Yannick Coppel, Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council (CSC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDeAS - Interfaces Dynamiques et Assemblages Stimulables (IDeAS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Hydrogen bond, Chemistry, education, General Engineering, Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Adsorption, Pulmonary surfactant, Nanocrystal, Chemical engineering, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Amine gas treating, Nanorod, 0210 nano-technology, Alkyl, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Herein, we elucidate the key role of amine surfactants in the controlled anisotropic growth of ZnO nanoparticles that is achieved under mild conditions by organometallic hydrolysis. The structuring influence of alkyl substituents on the nitrogen atom of amines is jointly analyzed theoretically by DFT modeling, and experimentally by multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C and 17O) spectroscopy. We demonstrate that in initial steps leading to the growth of colloidal ZnO particles, the nature of molecular species that are involved in the solution strongly depends on the structure of the amine surfactant. By using tertiary, secondary or primary amines, no or weak adducts between the amine and zinc, or stable adducts, or adduct oligomers were identified, respectively. Afterwards, following the course of the reaction, the dynamic behavior of the amines on the grown ZnO nanocrystal surfaces is also strongly correlated with their structure. We identified that in the presence of tertiary, secondary or primary amines, no significant [Zn⋯N] adsorption, or surface adsorption with notable surface mobility, or a very strong adsorption is achieved, respectively. The last case, primary amines, significantly involves the structuring of a hydrogen bonding network. Therefore, such surface dynamic behavior has a predominant role in driving the nanocrystal growth, and orienting the ZnO material final morphology. By forming hydrogen bonds at the nanoparticle surface during the growth process, primary amines specifically lead to the formation of nanorods. Conversely, isotropic nanoparticles and aggregates are obtained when secondary and tertiary amines are used, respectively. These findings shed light on the role of weak surface interactions, herein H-bonding, that rule the growth of nano-objects and are as such crucial to identify, study, and control for achieving progress in nanoscience.

Published
2021
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11. Improving the fretting and corrosion fatigue performance of 300M ultra-high strength steel using the ultrasonic surface rolling process

Author

Ying Zhou, Daoxin Liu, Chang Ye, Ruixia Zhang, Xiaohua Zhang, Weidong Zhao, Hao Zhang, Northwestern Polytechnical University [Xi'an] (NPU), University of Akron, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Award no. 51771155) and China Scholarship Council (CSC)., Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Fretting, 02 engineering and technology, Surface finish, Corrosion Fatigue, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, Corrosion fatigue, Residual stress, Fretting fatigue, Surface roughness, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Composite material, Ductility, Mechanical Engineering, 300M ultra-high strength steels, Compressive residual stress, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, Hardness, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP), Modeling and Simulation, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; 300M ultra-high strength steels (300M steels) are frequently used in the manufacture of aircraft landing gear due to their high strength and ductility. However, their high sensitivity to surface defects accelerates fatigue failure and hinders their wider application. In this work, ultrasonic surface rolling processing (USRP) was used to process 300M steel. The surface roughness, hardness, microstructure, and residual stresses before and after USRP treatment were compared. The surface roughness for USRP-treated samples (0.062 μm) was found to be lower than that for untreated samples (0.32 μm). In addition, a plastically deformed layer was generated on the surface of USRP-treated samples that resulted in higher hardness. Beneficial compressive residual stresses were introduced as a result of USRP treatment. The better surface finish, higher surface hardness and compressive residual stresses lead to significant improvement in the resistance of the 300M steels to fretting fatigue and corrosion fatigue. The fretting fatigue life increased from 11.9 K cycles to 56.3 K cycles, while the corrosion fatigue life increased from 29.9 K cycles to 702.1 K cycles.

Published
2019
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12. Exsolution of Ni Nanoparticles from A-Site-Deficient Layered Double Perovskites for Dry Reforming of Methane and as an Anode Material for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Author

Praveen B. Managutti, Simon Tymen, Xiu Liu, Olivier Hernandez, Carmelo Prestipino, Annie Le Gal La Salle, Sébastien Paul, Louise Jalowiecki-Duhamel, Vincent Dorcet, Alain Billard, Pascal Briois, Mona Bahout, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille, Synthèse Caractérisation Analyse de la Matière (ScanMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work is supported by the Ph.D. grant provided by the French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (MESRI) to P.B.M. X.L. gratefully acknowledges a grant from China Scholarship Council (CSC)., Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
Materials science, layered perovskite manganite, metal exsolution, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Electrocatalyst, Electrochemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, dry reforming of methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, solid oxide fuel cell, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Perovskite (structure), impedance spectroscopy, Carbon dioxide reforming, catalysis, Non-blocking I/O, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Solid oxide fuel cell, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Exsolution is a promising technique to design metal nanoparticles for electrocatalysis and renewable energy. In this work, Ni-doped perovskites, (Pr(0.5)Ba(0.5))(1-x/2)Mn(1-x/2)Ni(x/2)O(3-δ) with x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 (S-PBMNx), were prepared to design exsolution systems as solid oxide fuel cell anodes and for catalysis applications. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses demonstrated that correlating A-site deficiency with Ni content can effectively induce exsolution of all Ni under H(2) atmosphere at T ∼ 875 °C, yielding the reduced (exsolved) R-PBMNx materials. On heating the exsolution systems in air, metal incorporation in the oxide lattice did not occur; instead, the Ni nanoparticles oxidized to NiO on the layered perovskite surface. The lowest area-specific resistance (ASR) under wet 5% H(2)/N(2) in symmetrical cells was observed for R-PBMN0.2 anode (ASR ∼ 0.64 Ω cm(2) at 850 °C) due to the highest Ni particle density in the R-PBMNx series. The best performance for dry reforming of methane (DRM) was also obtained for R-PBMN0.2, with CH(4) and CO(2) conversion rates at 11 and 32%, respectively, and the highest production of H(2) (37%). The DRM activity of R-PBMN0.2 starts at 800 °C and is sustained for up to at least 5 h operation with little carbon deposition (0.017 g·gcat(-1)·h(-1)). These results clearly demonstrate that varying Ni-doping in layered double perovskite oxides is an effective strategy to manipulate the electrochemical performance and catalytic activity for energy conversion purposes.

Published
2021
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13. Enhanced microalgal biofilm formation and facilitated microalgae harvesting using a novel pH-responsive, crosslinked patterned and vibrating membrane

Author

Anthony Szymczyk, Koenraad Muylaert, Ivo F.J. Vankelecom, Zhenyu Zhao, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, CSC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, General Chemical Engineering, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Computational fluid dynamics, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, Vibrating membrane, XDLVO, Environmental Chemistry, Phase inversion (chemistry), Membrane surface, Interaction energy, Membrane development, Polyethylenimine, Biofilm, Patterned membrane, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polyvinylidene fluoride, 0104 chemical sciences, Membrane, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Harvesting efficiency is one of the key issues restricting the further commercialization of microalgae. Traditional biofilm studies only tend to focus on enhancing biofilm formation, while neglecting the subsequent harvesting of the biofilm. In this study, a win–win strategy for high-density microalgal cultivation and low-cost harvesting through biofilm cultivation on a pH-responsive, charge-switchable, patterned membrane was investigated using a polyethylenimine (PEI)-crosslinked polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. The patterned membranes were prepared by spray-modified non-solvent induced phase inversion, and the effect of pattern height on biofilm formation and microalgal harvesting was investigated. The PEI-crosslinked PVDF membrane surface was positively charged below pH 8 and negatively charged above pH 9, resulting in a higher attractive energy below pH 8 and a repulsive energy above pH 9 according to the extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek model. Patterning of these membranes increased the active area for microalgal attachment, and created a low-shear area in the valleys that prevents early detachment of microalgal cells. Membranes with a higher pattern height resulted in faster biofilm development and increased final biomass accumulation. Low-energy membrane vibration was applied to enhance cell detachment. pH = 7 was found to be the optimal pH for enhanced microalgal biofilm formation on PEI-crosslinked patterned membranes, and a switch to pH = 10 was best for microalgal harvesting.

Published
2021
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14. On the attraction power of critical state in granular materials

Author

Na Deng, Zhen-Yu Yin, Antoine Wautier, François Nicot, Yannick Thiery, Pierre-Yves Hicher, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), China Scholarship Council (CSC) : 201801810030, and BRGM (French geological Survey) : RP19DRP023

Subjects
Dilatant, Proportional strain loading path, Materials science, Biaxial loading path, 02 engineering and technology, Granular material, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Stress (mechanics), 0103 physical sciences, Attractor, DEM simulation, [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Shear band localization, Critical state, Shearing (physics), Granular materials, Strain (chemistry), Mechanical Engineering, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Void ratio, Mechanics of Materials, Homogeneous domain, 0210 nano-technology, Shear band
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this paper is to offer a fresh perspective on the classic concept of critical state (CS) in granular materials by suggesting that CS can be defined through the use of a single proportional strain test. In classic conventional testing, CS manifests itself under constant lateral stress and controlled strain in one given direction whenever continuous shearing is applied without change being induced to material volume. However, a comparison between proportional strain tests and biaxial tests simulated with DEM has clearly shown that the CS line (CSL) characterized by stresses, void ratio and fabric indexes can act as an attractor. The mechanical responses and fabric metrics evolve along dilatant proportional strain loading paths according to similar values after the strain level has become large enough to wipe out the material memory in the homogeneous domains considered in this analysis, i.e., the shear band area in dense samples and the whole area in loose samples. This suggests that the micro-structure of a granular material subjected to any dilatant proportional strain loading paths evolves while preserving its ability to withstand shearing without volume change at any time. Therefore, the CS concept can be generalized to a wide class of loading paths which shows that CS acts as a general attractor irrespective of the loading path considered.

Published
2021
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15. Surface functionalization of nanomaterials by aryl diazonium salts for biomedical sciences

Author

Florence Gazeau, Claire Mangeney, Jean Pinson, Ming Jin, Delphine Onidas, Li He, Da Li, Yun Luo, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (LCBPT - UMR 8601), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS (UMR_7086)), The scholarship from China Scholarship Council (CSC) under the Grant CSC N° 201909370060, ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), and Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Nanomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Chemistry, Aryl, Surfaces and Interfaces, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Biomedical applications, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Aryldiazonium salts, Surface functionalization, Drug delivery, Surface modification, Nanomedicine, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, Antibacterial activity, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Biosensor
Abstract

International audience; Nanoparticles (NPs) can be prepared by simple reactions and methods from a number of materials. Their small size opens up a number of applications in different fields, among which biomedicine, including: i) drug delivery, ii) biosensors, iii) bioimaging, iv) antibacterial activity. To be able to perform such tasks, NPs must be modified with a variety of functional molecules, such as drugs, targeting groups, chemical tags or antibacterial agents, and must also be prevented from aggregation. The attachment must be stable to resist during the transportation to the targeted location. Diazonium salts, which have been widely used for coupling applications and surface modification, fulfil such criteria. Moreover, they are simple to prepare and can be easily substituted with a large number of organic groups. This review describes the use of these compounds in nanomedicine with a focus on the construction of nanohybrids derived from metal, oxide and carbon-based NPs as well as viruses.

Published
2021
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16. Assessment of GaPSb/Si tandem material association properties for photoelectrochemical cells

Author

Lipin Chen, Rozenn Bernard, Charles Cornet, Soline Boyer-Richard, Yoan Léger, Tony Rohel, Christophe Levallois, Jean-Marc Jancu, Nicolas Bertru, Jiang Wu, Julie Stervinou, Antoine Létoublon, Mahdi Alqahtani, Ivan P. Parkin, Rozenn Piron, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), University College of London [London] (UCL), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology [Riyadh], Région Bretagne and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. China Scholarship Council (CSC) for Ph.D financial support (No. 2017-6254). RENATECH (French Network of Major Technology Centers) within Nanorennes for technological support., ANR-14-CE26-0014,ANTIPODE,Analyse approfondie de la nucléation III-V/Si pour les composants photoniques hautement intégrés(2014), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology [Riyadh] (KACST)

Subjects
Materials science, 1.7/1.1eV bandgap combination, Band gap, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), III-V/Si photoelectrode, tandem material, 010402 general chemistry, solar water splitting, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Tight binding, band alignment, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Tandem, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Oxygen evolution, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Physics - Applied Physics, Photoelectrochemical cell, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optoelectronics, Direct and indirect band gaps, 0210 nano-technology, business, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

International audience; Here, the structural, electronic and optical properties of the GaP 1-x Sb x /Si tandem materials association are determined in view of its use for solar water splitting applications. The GaPSb crystalline layer is grown on Si by Molecular Beam Epitaxy with different Sb contents. The bandgap value and bandgap type of GaPSb alloy are determined on the whole Sb range, by combining experimental absorption measurements with tight binding (TB) theoretical calculations. The indirect (X-band) to direct (Γ-band) cross-over is found to occur at 30% Sb content. Especially, at a Sb content of 32%, the GaP 1-x Sb x alloy reaches the desired 1.7eV direct bandgap, enabling efficient sunlight absorption, that can be ideally combined with the Si 1.1 eV bandgap. Moreover, the band alignment of GaP 1-x Sb x alloys and Si with respect to water redox potential levels has been analyzed, which shows the GaPSb/Si association is an interesting combination both for the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. These results open new routes for the development of III-V/Si low-cost high-efficiency photoelectrochemical cells.

Published
2021
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17. Abnormal topological refraction into free medium at sub-wavelength scale in valley phononic crystal plates

Author

Bernard Bonello, Wei Wang, Linyun Yang, Ying Wu, Bahram Djafari-Rouhani, Kaiping Yu, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), South China University of Technology [Guangzhou] (SCUT), L.Y. acknowledges the research Grant No. 201906120081 provided by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Y.W. acknowledges the support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M672615), and Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)

Subjects
Phonon, Magnetic monopole, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Topology, 01 natural sciences, Crystal, Resonator, 0103 physical sciences, Refraction (sound), Transport phenomena, 010306 general physics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Lattice dynamics, Topological materials, Physics - Applied Physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Mechanical & acoustical properties, Dipole, Zigzag, Homogeneous space, Phonons, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

In this work we propose a topological valley phononic crystal plate and we extensively investigate the refraction of valley modes into the surrounding homogeneous medium. This phononic crystal includes two sublattices of resonators (A and B) modeled by mass-spring systems. We show that two edge states confined at the AB/BA and BA/AB type domain walls exhibit different symmetries in physical space and energy peaks in the Fourier space. As a result, distinct refraction behaviors, especially through an armchair cut edge, are observed. On the other hand, the decay depth of these localized topological modes, which is found to be solely determined by the relative resonant strength between the scatterers, significantly affects the refraction patterns. More interestingly, the outgoing traveling wave through a zigzag interface becomes evanescent when operating at deep sub-wavelength scale. This is realized by tuning the average resonant strength. We show that the evanescent modes only exist along a particular type of outlet edge, and that they can couple with both topological interface states. We also present two designs of topological functional devices, including an elastic one-way transmission waveguide and a near-ideal monopole/dipole emitter, both based on our phononic structure.

Published
2021
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18. Salinity effect on the compaction behaviour, matric suction, stiffness and microstructure of a silty soil

Author

Yu-Jun Cui, Nadia Benahmed, Myriam Duc, Zi Ying, Géotechnique (CERMES), Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER UMR 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Gustave Eiffel, and China Scholarship Council (CSC),cole des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) INRAE

Subjects
Soil salinity, Suction, Soil test, microstructure, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Compaction, Soil science, 02 engineering and technology, Silt, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, stiffness, TA703-712, silts, compaction, Water content, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, suction, Chemistry, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction, Proctor compaction test, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Salinity, ZABR
Abstract

International audience; To better understand the salinity effect on the compaction behaviour of soil, standard Proctor compaction test was conducted on soil samples with different salinities. Matric suction and small strain shear modulus, Gmax, were determined and pore size distribution was also investigated on samples statically compacted at different water contents. Results showed that with the decrease of soil salinity from initial value of 2.10‰ (g of salt/ kg of dry soil) to zero, the maximum dry density increased and the optimum water content decreased, whereas there was no significant change with the increase of soil salinity from 2.10‰ to 6.76‰. Interestingly, it was observed that, Gmax also decreased when the soil salinity decreased from initial value of 2.10‰ to zero and kept almost constant when the soil salinity increased from 2.10‰ to 6.76‰, for dry samples with similar matric suction and also for samples compacted at optimum and on wet side whose matric suctions were slightly different due to the difference in remolded water content. Furthermore, the effect of salinity on compaction behaviour and Gmax decreased for samples compacted from dry side to wet side. The pore size distribution exhibited bi-modal characteristics with two populations of micro-pores and macro-pores not only for samples compacted on dry side and at optimum state, but also for those compacted on wet side. Further examination showed that the modal size of micro-pores shifted to lower values and that of macro-pores shifted to higher values for saline soil compared to the soil without salt.

Published
2021
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19. Synthesis and characterization of a new TiZrHfNbTaSn high-entropy alloy exhibiting superelastic behavior

Author

T. Gloriant, J.J. Gao, Philippe Castany, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), China Scholarship Council (CSC) China Scholarship Council [2016-6329], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Recrystallization (geology), Alloy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, General Materials Science, Texture (crystalline), High-entropy alloy, Texture, Composite material, Superelasticity, Tensile testing, 010302 applied physics, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, Diffusionless transformation, Martensitic transformation, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; In this study, a new single-phase bcc Ti35Zr35Hf15Nb5Ta5Sn5 high-entropy alloy (HEA) was developed and investigated by means of cyclic tensile tests, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD). The alloy reveals a superelastic behavior due to the reversible stress-induced martensitic transformation that occurs between the β phase and the α'' phase. A high strain recovery of 3.8% is obtained by tensile test, which is attributed to the β{447}β recrystallization texture observed.

Published
2021
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20. Investigation of the superelastic behavior of a Ti-16Zr-13Nb-2Sn sputtered film by nanoindentation

Author

H. Jabir, Y. Zhou, A. Fillon, T. Gloriant, D. Laillé, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: 18-CE08-0017, China Scholarship Council, CSC: 201701810085, ANR-18-CE08-0017,Super-Rev,REVêtements SUPERélastiques et biocompatibles en alliages de titane pour dispositifs médicaux(2018), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Diffraction, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, 02 engineering and technology, Sciences de l'ingénieur, 01 natural sciences, Nanoindentation, Sputtering, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Composite material, Microstructure, Film, 010302 applied physics, Superelastic effect, General Chemistry, Surfaces and Interfaces, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Deformation mechanism, Transmission electron microscopy, 0210 nano-technology, Ti alloys
Abstract

International audience; A new Ti-16Zr-13Nb-2Sn superelastic film incorporating β-stabilizing and highly biocompatible elements was elaborated by magnetron sputtering. The morphological, crystallographic and microstructural characteristics of the obtained films were studied by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Superelastic response of the film was investigated at local scale by nanoindentation using both spherical and Berkovich indenters. The sputter-deposited film revealed nanograined β microstructure with preferential growth orientation along [110] direction and excellent superelastic recovery at room temperature. Special attention was paid to the indenter geometry influencing reliable evaluation of the superelastic nature of the film. Evolution of the deformation mechanisms during nanoindentation at increasing depths was rationalized by the calculated representative strain beneath the indenting tips and is discussed in this work.

Published
2021
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21. Towards state estimation of Persidskii systems

Author

Rosane Ushirobira, Denis Efimov, Wenjie Mei, Finite-time control and estimation for distributed systems (VALSE), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and This work was partially supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) Scholarship (CSC no. 201908050104), by the Government of Russian Federation (Grant 08-08) and by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation, passport of goszadanie no. 2019-0898.

Subjects
Estimation, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Class (set theory), Computer science, Stability (learning theory), 02 engineering and technology, State (functional analysis), 16. Peace & justice, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Nonlinear system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Exponential stability, Convergence (routing), Applied mathematics, Numerical stability
Abstract

International audience; A state estimation scheme for a class of Persidskii systems is introduced in this paper. Two distinct sets of conditions are formulated for robust stability and convergence of the state estimation error using the theories of input-to-output stability (IOS) and input-to-state stability (ISS). These conditions for the nonlinear error dynamics are established in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.

Published
2020

22. Long-term live-cell microscopy with labeled nanobodies delivered by laser-induced photoporation

Author

Tim Hebbrecht, Stefaan C. De Smedt, Winnok H. De Vos, Kevin Braeckmans, Ranhua Xiong, Jing Liu, Herlinde De Keersmaecker, Chengnan Li, Toon Brans, Saskia Lippens, Eef Parthoens, Rabah Boukherroub, Jan Gettemans, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), NanoBioInterfaces - IEMN (NBI - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), K. B. acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (No. 648124) and from the Ghent University Special Research Fund (No. 01B04912) with gratitude. J. L. gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (No. 201506750012) and the Ghent University Special Research Fund (No. 01SC1416). T. H. and J. G. acknowledges financial support from the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (No. G.0559.16N) and Ghent University (BOF-GOA) (No. BOF13/GOA010). We would like to thank the Centre for advanced light microscopy at Ghent University (Belgium) for the support during the data acquisition and analysis of the colocalization experiments. We would like to thank Mr. Dominique Deresmes for helping to perform the AFM imaging., Renatech Network, and European Project: 648124,H2020,ERC-2014-CoG,NANOBUBBLE(2015)

Subjects
Cell division, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, 02 engineering and technology, Article, Green fluorescent protein, 03 medical and health sciences, Microscopy, medicine, Fluorescence microscope, General Materials Science, Viability assay, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, Physics, Pharmacology. Therapy, food and beverages, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytoplasm, Biophysics, 0210 nano-technology, Engineering sciences. Technology, Intracellular
Abstract

Fluorescence microscopy is the method of choice for studying intracellular dynamics. However, its success depends on the availability of specific and stable markers. A prominent example of markers that are rapidly gaining interest are nanobodies (Nbs, ~ 15 kDa), which can be functionalized with bright and photostable organic fluorophores. Due to their relatively small size and high specificity, Nbs offer great potential for high-quality long-term subcellular imaging, but suffer from the fact that they cannot spontaneously cross the plasma membrane of live cells. We have recently discovered that laser-induced photoporation is well suited to deliver extrinsic labels to living cells without compromising their viability. Being a laser-based technology, it is readily compatible with light microscopy and the typical cell recipients used for that. Spurred by these promising initial results, we demonstrate here for the first time successful long-term imaging of specific subcellular structures with labeled nanobodies in living cells. We illustrate this using Nbs that target GFP/YFP-protein constructs accessible in the cytoplasm, actin-bundling protein Fascin, and the histone H2A/H2B heterodimers. With an efficiency of more than 80% labeled cells and minimal toxicity (∼ 2%), photoporation proved to be an excellent intracellular delivery method for Nbs. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that cell division rate and migration remained unaffected, confirming excellent cell viability and functionality. We conclude that laser-induced photoporation labeled Nbs can be easily delivered into living cells, laying the foundation for further development of a broad range of Nbs with intracellular targets as a toolbox for long-term live-cell microscopy.

Published
2020
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23. Strong Electron–Phonon Interaction in 2D Vertical Homovalent III–V Singularities

Author

Christophe Levallois, Jacky Even, Nicolas Bertru, Antoine Létoublon, Rozenn Piron, Alain Moréac, Olivier Durand, Lipin Chen, Thomas Schroeder, Mathieu Perrin, Rozenn Bernard, Yoan Léger, Charles Cornet, Julie Stervinou, Markus Andreas Schubert, Oliver Skibitzki, Laurent Pedesseau, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung (IKZ) (IKZ), Région Bretagne. China Scholarship Council (CSC) (No. 2017-6254). RENATECH (French Network of Major Technology Centers) within Nanorennes. SIR platform of ScanMAT at University of Rennes 1. HPC resources of TGCC/CINES/IDRIS under the allocation 2019-A0060906724 made by GENCI. Institut Universitaire de France., ANR-14-CE26-0014,ANTIPODE,Analyse approfondie de la nucléation III-V/Si pour les composants photoniques hautement intégrés(2014), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Photoluminescence, Materials science, Phonon, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Condensed matter physics, business.industry, General Engineering, phonon confinement, Heterojunction, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, electron−phonon interaction, Semiconductor, Quantum dot, 2D vertical homovalent singularity, carrier confinement, symbols, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Charge carrier, III−V semiconductor, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, business
Abstract

International audience; Highly polar materials are usually preferred over weakly polar ones to study strong electron–phonon interactions and its fascinating properties. Here, we report on the achievement of simultaneous confinement of charge carriers and phonons at the vicinity of a 2D vertical homovalent singularity (antiphase boundary, APB) in an (In,Ga)P/SiGe/Si sample. The impact of the electron–phonon interaction on the photoluminescence processes is then clarified by combining transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ab initio calculations, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence experiments. 2D localization and layer group symmetry properties of homovalent electronic states and phonons are studied by first-principles methods, leading to the prediction of a type-II band alignment between the APB and the surrounding semiconductor matrix. A Huang–Rhys factor of 8 is finally experimentally determined for the APB emission line, underlining that a large and unusually strong electron–phonon coupling can be achieved by 2D vertical quantum confinement in an undoped III–V semiconductor. This work extends the concept of an electron–phonon interaction to 2D vertically buried III–V homovalent nano-objects and therefore provides different approaches for material designs, vertical carrier transport, heterostructure design on silicon, and device applications with weakly polar semiconductors.

Published
2020
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24. Key Issues for the Construction of Salient Object Datasets with Large-Scale Annotation

Author

Wassim Hamidouche, Lu Zhang, Olivier Deforges, Yi Zhang, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, CSC, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Computer science, Object detection, media_common.quotation_subject, Large dataset, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Key issues, Convolutional neural network, Salient objects, 050105 experimental psychology, Annotation, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Function (engineering), media_common, Salient object detection, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Key Issues, Annotation methods, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Convolutional neural networks, Artificial intelligence, Scale (map), business, computer, Natural scenes
Abstract

International audience; Salient object detection (SOD) has been extensively studied in recent decades, especially after the boom of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). To direct supervised CNN-based methods to its highest function for SOD, more challenging datasets with reasonable large-scale annotations have been proposed. However, due to a lack of verdict of defining multiple salient objects on images or sequences with complex natural scenes and objects, there are certain degrees of bias in current SOD datasets. Therefore, we survey the methods for salient object annotation and further conclude several key issues for the future SOD dataset construction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that synthesizes all the existing salient object annotation methods. © 2020 IEEE.

Published
2020
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25. Effect of grain size on the recovery strain in a new Ti–20Zr–12Nb–2Sn superelastic alloy

Author

Philippe Castany, T. Gloriant, I. Thibon, J.J. Gao, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), China Scholarship Council, CSC: 2016-6329, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Diffraction, Materials science, titanium alloy, Alloy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, superelasticity, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Texture (crystalline), Texture, Composite material, 010302 applied physics, grain size, Mechanical Engineering, Titanium alloy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Grain size, Mechanics of Materials, Pseudoelasticity, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; In this study, the superelastic performance of a new β-type Ti–20Zr–12Nb–2Sn alloy has been investigated by means of cyclic tensile tests, electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD). It is shown that the β-grain size has an important influence on the superelastic property and for the same crystallographic texture, the smaller the grain size, the greater the recovery strain.

Published
2020
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26. Energy-aware Partial-Duplication Task Mapping under Real-Time and Reliability Constraints

Author

Angeliki Kritikakou, Lei Mo, Emmanuel Casseau, Minyu Cui, Energy Efficient Computing ArchItectures with Embedded Reconfigurable Resources (CAIRN), ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), School of Automation [Nanjing] (NJUST), Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), This work has been founded by China Scholarship Council (CSC)., Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Multi-core processor, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Frequency assignment, Reliability (computer networking), multicores, 02 engineering and technology, Energy consumption, Reliability, 01 natural sciences, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Task (project management), [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Task mapping, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, DVFS, Integer programming, Real-time, Energy (signal processing), Integer (computer science)
Abstract

International audience; An efficient task execution on multicore platforms can lead to low energy consumption. To achieve that, an Integer Non-Linear Programming (INLP) formulation is proposed that performs task mapping by jointly addressing task allocation, task frequency assignment, and task duplication. The goal is to minimize energy consumption under real-time and reliability constraints. To provide an optimal solution, the original INLP problem is safely transformed to an equivalent Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. The comparison of the proposed approach with existing energy-aware task mapping approaches shows that the proposed approach is able to find solutions when other approaches fail, achieving an overall lower energy consumption.

Published
2020

27. A semantics-guided warping for semi-supervised video object instance segmentation

Author

Kidiyo Kpalma, Qiong Wang, Lu Zhang, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, CSC: 201504490048National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program): 2018YFE0126100, Campilho A.Karray F.Wang Z., Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Warping flow, Computer science, business.industry, Computation, Frame (networking), Process (computing), ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 02 engineering and technology, Semantics, Object (computer science), Domain (software engineering), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer vision, Segmentation, Artificial intelligence, Semi-supervised video object instance segmentation, Image warping, business
Abstract

International audience; Unlabelled - Medicinally active compounds in the flavonoid class of phytochemicals are being studied for antiviral action against various DNA and RNA viruses. Quercetin is a flavonoid present in a wide range of foods, including fruits and vegetables. It is said to be efficient against a wide range of viruses. This research investigated the usefulness of Quercetin against Hepatitis C virus, Dengue type 2 virus, Ebola virus, and Influenza A using computational models. A molecular docking study using the online tool PockDrug was accomplished to identify the best binding sites between Quercetin and PubChem-based receptors. Network-pharmacological assay to opt to verify function-specific gene-compound interactions using STITCH, STRING, GSEA, Cytoscape plugin cytoHubba. Quercetin explored tremendous binding affinity against NS5A protein for HCV with a docking score of - 6.268 kcal/mol, NS5 for DENV-2 with a docking score of - 5.393 kcal/mol, VP35 protein for EBOV with a docking score of - 4.524 kcal/mol, and NP protein for IAV with a docking score of - 6.954 kcal/mol. In the network-pharmacology study, out of 39 hub genes, 38 genes have been found to interact with Quercetin and the top interconnected nodes in the protein-protein network were (based on the degree of interaction with other nodes) and Negative binding energies were noticed in Quercetin-receptor interaction. Results demonstrate that Quercetin could be a potential antiviral agent against these viral diseases with further study in models. Supplementary information - The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-022-00132-2.

Published
2020
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28. Additives Control the Stability of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate via Two Different Mechanisms: Surface Adsorption versus Bulk Incorporation

Author

Luca Bertinetti, Marie Albéric, Yael Politi, Xiaofei Yang, Tobias Heil, Qihang Wang, Boaz Pokroy, Zhaoyong Zou, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Spectroscopie, Modélisation, Interfaces pour L'Environnement et la Santé (LCMCP-SMiLES), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), German Research Foundation grant within the framework of the Deutsch–Israelische Projektkooperation DIP, China Scholarship Council (CSC), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2019IVA067), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21905217), and European Project: 730872,CALIPSOplus

Subjects
Materials science, crystallization, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, law, Electrochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Crystallization, in situ characterization, stability, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, biomineralization, Amorphous calcium carbonate, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, amorphous calcium carbonate, additives, 0210 nano-technology, Biomineralization
Abstract

The mechanisms by which organisms control the stability of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) are yet not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that the intrinsic properties of ACC and its environment are critical in determining ACC stability. Here, the question, what is the effect of bulk incorporation versus surface adsorption of additives on the stability of synthetic ACC, is addressed. Using a wide range of in situ characterization techniques, it is shown that surface adsorption of poly(Aspartic acid) (pAsp) has a much larger stabilization effect than bulk incorporation of pAsp and only 1.5% pAsp could dramatically increase the crystallization temperature from 141 to 350 °C. On the contrary, surface adsorption of PO43- ions and OH- ions does not effectively stabilize ACC. However, bulk incorporation of these ions could significantly improve the ACC stability. It is concluded that the stabilization mechanism of pAsp is entirely different from that of PO43- ions and OH- ions: while pAsp is effectively inhibiting calcite nucleation at the surface of ACC particle, the latter acts to modify the ion mobility and delay crystal propagation. Thus, new insights on controlling the stability and crystallization processes of metastable amorphous materials are provided.

Published
2020
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29. Probing the Radiative Electromagnetic Local Density of States in Nanostructures with a Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Author

Eric Le Moal, Javier Aizpurua, Mario Zapata-Herrera, Andrei G. Borisov, Elizabeth Boer-Duchemin, Sylvie Marguet, Mathieu Kociak, Gérald Dujardin, Shuiyan Cao, Alfredo Campos, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanophysique et Surfaces, Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, European Commission, Colciencias (Colombia), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Center of Materials Physics CSIC-UPV / EHU and Donostia International Physics Center, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Edifices Nanométriques (LEDNA), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), China Scholarship Council (CSC) (No. 201304910386), 'Colombian Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation' - COLCIENCIAS under its 'Estancias Postdoctorales 784-2017' call, Conseil Régional, Île-de-France (DIM Nano-K), Project FIS2016-80174-P of the Spanish MICINN, project IT1164-19 of the Basque Government, ANR-12-BS10-0016,HAPPLE,Nanoemetteurs plasmoniques hybrides anisotropes(2012), European Project: 737093,FEMTOTERABYTE, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Near and far field, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Emission spectrum, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Local density of states, Electron energy loss spectroscopy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Light emission, Scanning tunneling microscope, 0210 nano-technology, Biotechnology
Abstract

A novel technique for the investigation of the radiative contribution to the electromagnetic local density of states is presented. The inelastic tunneling current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is used to locally and electrically excite the plasmonic modes of a triangular gold platelet. The radiative decay of these modes is detected through the transparent substrate in the far field. Emission spectra, which depend on the position of the STM excitation, as well as energy-filtered emission maps for particular spectral windows are acquired using this technique. The STM-nanosource spectroscopy and microscopy results are compared to those obtained from spatially resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) maps on similar platelets. While EELS is known to be related to the total projected electromagnetic local density of states, the light emission from the STM-nanosource is shown here to select the radiative contribution. Full electromagnetic calculations are carried out to explain the experimental STM data and provide valuable insight into the radiative nature of the different contributions of the breathing and edge plasmon modes of the nanoparticles. Our results introduce the STM-nanosource as a tool to investigate and engineer light emission at the nanoscale., S.C. acknowledges the financial support of the China Scholarship Council (CSC; No. 201304910386). M.Z.-H. acknowledges the financial support of the European Union under the Project H2020 FETOPEN-2016-2017 “FEMTOTERABYTE” (Project No. 737093) and the “Colombian Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation” - COLCIENCIAS under its “Estancias Postdoctorales 784-2017” call. He also acknowledges the hospitality of the Institute des Sciences Moleculaires d’Orsay and Dr. Nuno de Sousa for his guidance and support using COMSOL Multiphysics. S.M. was supported by the HAPPLE grant (French National Research Agency: ANR-12-BS10-0016). This work is partially funded by the Conseil Regional, Ile-deFrance (DIM Nano-K). J.A. acknowledges Project FIS2016-80174-P of the Spanish MICINN and Project IT1164-19 of the Basque Government.

Published
2020
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30. Dilative behavior of kaolinite under drained creep condition

Author

Pierre-Yves Hicher, Zhen-Yu Yin, Dan Zhao, Mahdia Hattab, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Region Pays de la Loire of France (Project RI-ADAPTCLIM)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 41372285,51579179)China Scholarship Council (CSC)

Subjects
Dilatant, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Materials science, Stress path, Strain (chemistry), Plane (geometry), Effective stress, Dilatancy, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Triaxial tests, 02 engineering and technology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Drained creep, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Creep, Solid mechanics, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Clay, Geotechnical engineering, Overconsolidation ratio, Envelope (mathematics), 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract

International audience; This paper studies the dilative behavior of clay during drained creep along triaxial tests under constant mean effective stress, where the volumetric strain is caused by the sole deviatoric stress variation. Tests were conducted on a saturated reconstituted clayey material by the use of a GDS stress path control apparatus. The development of the axial and volumetric strains was studied with respect to time, stress level (SL) and overconsolidation ratio (OCR). Analysis of the results ascertained that both dilatancy and contractancy phenomena could occur during creep. The magnitude of the dilatancy/contractancy during creep was guided by the test conditions (SL and OCR), which specifically governed the direction of the volumetric strain variations. The position of the stress level vis-à-vis the different volumetric domains defined by monotonic triaxial tests in the (p′–q) plane controls the evolution of the volumetric creep strain. The failure of an overconsolidated specimen could be observed for a stress level located under the maximum strength envelope, but above the critical state line in the p′–q plane, accompanied by a significant dilative behavior during creep.

Published
2018
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31. Changes of small strain shear modulus and microstructure for a lime-treated silt subjected to wetting-drying cycles

Author

Myriam Duc, Nadia Benahmed, Yu-Jun Cui, Zi Ying, Géotechnique (CERMES), Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER UMR 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Gustave Eiffel, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and China Scholarship Council (CSC)Ecole des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) INRAE

Subjects
0211 other engineering and technologies, Artificial seawater, 02 engineering and technology, Silt, engineering.material, complex mixtures, Shear modulus, Wetting fluid, 021105 building & construction, Composite material, Microstructure, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Lime, Chemistry, Wetting-drying, Geology, Small strain shear modulus, 15. Life on land, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 6. Clean water, [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Pozzolanic reaction, engineering, Cementitious, Wetting, ZABR, Lime treatment
Abstract

International audience; Lime treatment can enhance the workability and hydro-mechanical properties of soil through different physical-chemical reactions. Nevertheless, the beneficiary effect of lime treatment can be altered when the soil was exposed to wetting-drying cycles, depending on the wetting fluid and soil state. In the present study, the changes in small strain shear modulus (Gmax) and microstructure of a compacted lime-treated silt under wetting-drying cycles were studied. The untreated state of soil was also considered for comparison. Meanwhile, the effects of wetting fluid (deionized water and synthetic seawater) and maximum soil aggregate size (Dmax = 0.4 mm for S0.4 and 5 mm for S5) were investigated. Results showed that Gmax increased significantly for the lime-treated soil over curing, and increased slightly for the untreated soil. The untreated specimens were softened and damaged by wetting-drying cycles, while the lime-treated specimens exhibited good resistance with the pore size distributions almost kept reversible along the wetting-drying paths. The subsequent more intensive drying resulted in a significant fabric alteration with occurrence of shrinkage-related fissures of the clay part. However, these fissures were almost healed with rewetting. Thereby, the Gmax of lime-treated soil showed a constant decreasing trend with wetting and an increasing trend with drying. Moreover, Gmax decreased slightly with wetting-drying cycles for the lime-treated specimens wetted by deionized water, suggesting that the wetting-drying indeed softened the soil. However, Gmax increased for the lime-treated specimens wetted by synthetic seawater, due to the more production of cementitious compounds promoted by salts. The lime-treated specimens S0.4 wetted by synthetic seawater had higher Gmax than those wetted by deionized water, while the wetting fluid had insignificant effect on the Gmax of specimens S5 due to the limited promotion of pozzolanic reaction and negligible soil aggregation induced by salts.

Published
2021
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32. Influence of annealing at intermediate temperature on oxygen transport kinetics of Pr2NiO4+δ

Author

Aurélien Flura, Saim Saher, Henny J.M. Bouwmeester, Vaibhav Vibhu, Jia Song, Clément Nicollet, Jean-Marc Bassat, Inorganic Membranes, Institute for Nanotechnology (MESA+), University of Twente [Netherlands], Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Education, Audiovisual and Cultural Executive Agency (EACEA) under the program European Doctorate in Membrane Engineering (EUDIME, FPA 2011-0014). The China Scholarship Council (CSC).

Subjects
Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Annealing (metallurgy), Kinetics, Non-blocking I/O, Oxygen transport, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Permeation, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Oxygen, n/a OA procedure, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) and oxygen permeation measurements were conducted, at 750 °C, to assess the long-term oxygen transport characteristics of the mixed ionic–electronic conducting Pr2NiO4+δ with a K2NiF4 structure. The results show that the apparent values for the oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients extracted from the data and the associated oxygen flux increase over 120 h by 1–2 orders of magnitude. The results of post-mortem X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples show partial to virtually complete decomposition of Pr2NiO4+δ under the conditions of the experiments to Pr4Ni3O10+δ, PrNiO3−δ, Pr6O11, and traces of NiO. Pulse 18O–16O isotopic exchange (PIE) measurements confirmed fast surface exchange kinetics of the higher-order Ruddlesden–Popper phase Pr4Ni3O10+δ and Pr6O11 formed upon decomposition. Additional factors related to the microstructure, however, need to be considered to explain the observations.

Published
2018
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33. In situ synthesis and improved photoelectric performances of a Sb2Se3/β-In2Se3 heterojunction composite with potential photocatalytic activity for methyl orange degradation

Author

Zhuanghao Zheng, Donglou Ren, Xianghua Zhang, Michel Cathelinaud, Vincent Dorcet, Hongli Ma, Odile Merdrignac-Conanec, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synthèse Caractérisation Analyse de la Matière (ScanMAT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Shenzhen University [Shenzhen], China Scholarship Council, CSC: 201804910786, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Methyl orange, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Sb2Se3/β-In2Se3 heterojunctions, Photocatalysis, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010302 applied physics, Photocurrent, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, MO degradation, Heterojunction, Band structure, Photoelectric effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Photoelectric performances, Visible spectrum
Abstract

International audience; A series of Sb2Se3/β-In2Se3 heterojunction composites with different contents of β-In2Se3 were successfully synthesized via an in-situ melt-quenching method. The relationship between structure and photoelectric performances was systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, UV–Vis optical absorption, and photoelectrochemical measurement. The direct band energy of the composites was in the range of 1.15–1.18 eV, implying strong visible light harvesting ability. Meanwhile, the number of heterojunctions and the connectivity of β-In2Se3 crystals could be adjusted by changing the content of β-In2Se3. As a result, the optimized composites (Sb2Se3-10% β-In2Se3) exhibited remarkable photocurrent density that was about 283 times higher than that of pure Sb2Se3. Moreover, the response and recovery times were faster than that of previous reported Sb2Se3. The interface charge separation and transport mechanism for the improved photoelectric performances was proposed based on the experimental results. Thanks to the remarkable photocurrent density, a potential application was also evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of MO (Methyl Orange) solution. After 180 min of illumination, 76% of MO dye could been decomposed. This work will provide the direct guidance for constructing Sb2Se3/β-In2Se3 heterojunction devices for harvesting solar energy. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

Published
2020
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34. R Libraries {dendextend} and {magrittr} and Clustering Package scipy.cluster of Python For Modelling Diagrams of Dendrogram Trees

Author

Lemenkova, Polina, Ocean University of China (OUC), and China Scholarship Council (CSC), State Oceanic Administration, Marine Scholarship of China, Grant Nr. 2016SOA002, China.

Subjects
Computer science, data analysis, programming language, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], data ranking, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], sort, computer.programming_language, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION, 0303 health sciences, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION/I.5.3: Clustering/I.5.3.0: Algorithms, dendrogram, Dendrogram, [INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR], ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION/I.5.1: Models, machine learning, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data mining, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies, clustering, [INFO.INFO-CC]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Complexity [cs.CC], ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.3: COMPUTER GRAPHICS, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO.INFO-CY]Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], data sorting, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Cluster analysis, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION/I.5.4: Applications, Spatial analysis, 030304 developmental biology, [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], NumPy, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION/I.5.3: Clustering, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.5: PATTERN RECOGNITION/I.5.3: Clustering/I.5.3.1: Similarity measures, [INFO.INFO-IA]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Aided Engineering, [INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA], Python (programming language), [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Hierarchical clustering, Visualization, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], computer, Python
Abstract

The paper presents a comparison of the two languages Python and R related to the classification tools and demonstrates the differences in their syntax and graphical output. It indicates the functionality of R and Python packages {dendextend} and scipy.cluster as effective tools for the dendrogram modelling by the algorithms of sorting and ranking datasets. R and Python programming languages have been tested on a sample dataset including marine geological measurements. The work aims to detect how bathymetric data change along the 25 bathymetric profiles digitized across the Mariana Trench. The methodology includes performed hierarchical cluster analysis with dendrograms and plotted clustermap with marginal dendrograms. The statistical libraries include Matplotlib, SciPy, NumPy, Pandas by Python and {dendextend}, {pvclust}, {magrittr} by R. The dendrograms were compared by the model-simulated clusters of the bathymetric ranges. The results show three distinct groups of the profiles sorted by the elevation ranges with maximal depths detected in a group of profiles 19-21. The dendrogram visualization in a cluster analysis demonstrates the effective representation of the data sorting, grouping and classifying by the machine learning algorithms. The programming codes presented in this study enable to sort a dataset in a similar research aimed to group data based on the similarity of attributes. Effective visualization by dendrograms is a useful modelling tool for the geospatial management where data ranking is required. Plotting dendrograms by R, comparing to Python, presented functional and sophisticated algorithms, refined design control and fine graphical data output. The interdisciplinary nature of this work consists in application of the coding algorithms for spatial data analysis.

Published
2020
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35. Optimizing Inner Product Masking Scheme by A Coding Theory Approach

Author

Jean-Luc Danger, Claude Carlet, Sihem Mesnager, Wei Cheng, Sylvain Guilley, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Secure-IC S.A.S, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis - Département de Mathématiques, Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Laboratoire Analyse, Géométrie et Applications (LAGA), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, TeamPlay : https://teamplay-h2020.eu/ , a project from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, under grand agreement No 779882.Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61632020) and the scholarship from China Scholarship Council (CSC) under the grant No 201809110144., European Project: 779882,Teamplay, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Département d'informatique de l'École normale supérieure (DI-ENS)

Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Mathematical optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Side-Channel Analysis, Cryptography, 02 engineering and technology, Coding theory, Mutual information, Masking (Electronic Health Record), Optimal Linear Code, Inner Product Masking, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Bounded function, Countermeasure, Concrete security, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business, Coding Theory
Abstract

International audience; Masking is one of the most popular countermeasures to protect cryptographic implementations against side-channel analysis since it is provably secure and can be deployed at the algorithm level. To strengthen the original Boolean masking scheme, several works have suggested using schemes with high algebraic complexity. The Inner Product Masking (IPM) is one of those. In this paper, we propose a unified framework to quantitatively assess the side-channel security of the IPM in a coding-theoretic approach. Specifically, starting from the expression of IPM in a coded form, we use two defining parameters of the code to characterize its side-channel resistance. In order to validate the framework, we then connect it to two leakage metrics (namely signal-to-noise ratio and mutual information, from an information-theoretic aspect) and one typical attack metric (success rate, from a practical aspect) to build a firm foundation for our framework. As an application, our results provide ultimate explanations on the observations made by Balasch et al. at EUROCRYPT'15 and at ASIACRYPT'17, Wang et al. at CARDIS'16 and Poussier et al. at CARDIS'17 regarding the parameter effects in IPM, like higher security order in bounded moment model. Furthermore, we show how to systematically choose optimal codes (in the sense of a concrete security level) to optimize IPM by using this framework. Eventually, we present a simple but effective algorithm for choosing optimal codes for IPM, which is of special interest for designers when selecting optimal parameters for IPM.

Published
2020
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36. Visible-NIR Photodetectors Based on Low-Dimensional GeSe Micro-Crystals Designed Morphology and Improved Photoresponsivity

Author

Yang Xu, Xianping Fan, Guodong Qian, Lixiang Liu, Jianhang Lv, Xvsheng Qiao, Xianghua Zhang, Xue Luo, Feiyu Zhao, Lorenz Kienle, Zhejiang University, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), China Scholarship Council,CSC China Scholarship Council, CSC61874094, 61674127State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, SKLSMLZ17F040001National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) 2016YFA0301204, 2016YFA0200204, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Morphology (linguistics), Materials science, micro-belt, photoresponsivity, business.industry, Photodetector, 02 engineering and technology, GeSe, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Responsivity, Adsorption, Micro crystals, Molecule, Optoelectronics, micro-sheet, photodetectors, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; GeSe micro-sheets and micro-belts have been synthesized by a facile one-pot wet chemical method in 1-octadecene solvent and oleic acid solvent, respectively. The adsorption of more oleic acid molecules on the (002) plane promoted growth along [010] direction of the GeSe micro-belts and limited carrier transport in this direction, resulting in higher carrier concentration and mobility of the GeSe micro-belts. The performance of the photodetectors based on the single GeSe micro-sheet and the single GeSe micro-belt was investigated under illumination at 532 nm, 980 nm and 1319 nm. Both, photodetectors based on a single GeSe micro-sheet and a single GeSe micro-belt, exhibit a high photoresponse, short response/recovery times, and long-term durability. Moreover, the photodetector based on a single GeSe micro-belt displays a broadband response with a high responsivity (5562 A/W at 532 nm, 1546 A/W at 980 nm) and detectivity (3.01×1012 Jones at 532 nm, 8.38×1011 Jones at 980 nm). These excellent characteristics render single GeSe micro-belts very interesting for use as highly efficient photodetectors, especially in the NIR region. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Published
2020
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37. Changes in mineralogy and microstructure of a lime-treated silty soil during curing time

Author

Yu-Jun Cui, Nadia Benahmed, Zi Ying, Myriam Duc, École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Est (UPE), and China Scholarship Council (CSC), Ecole des Ponts ParisTech IRSTEA

Subjects
Materials science, Soil test, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, complex mixtures, Portlandite, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], aggregate size, Water content, Curing (chemistry), lcsh:Environmental sciences, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Lime, lcsh:GE1-350, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, behavior, Microstructure, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Soil water, engineering, conductivity, Cementitious, mineralogy, ZABR
Abstract

Lime treatment is widely applied to improve the workability and long-term durability of soils. In this study, the curing time effect on the mineralogy and microstructure of lime-treated soil was investigated. The soil samples were prepared with 2 % lime and statically compacted at dry (w = 17 %) and wet (w = 20%) sides of optimum. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) were performed on lime-treated soil at various curing times. The presence of XRD peaks attributed to portlandite even after 150 days curing time indicated that it was not totally converted in cementitious compounds after reaction with silica and alumina from clay minerals. By contrast, no obvious XRD reflections of well-crystallized cementitious compounds were identified. Furthermore, all samples compacted at dry and wet side of optimum exhibited bi-modal pore size distribution, with a decrease of macro-pore frequency with increasing water content. The microstructure changes with increasing curing time did not follow monotonic tendency. On the whole, the quantities of pores less than 0.006 μm and micro-pores increased and the quantity of macro-pores decreased with increasing curing time due to the possible creation of poorly crystallized or amorphous cementitious compounds.

Published
2020
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38. Visible-Light Acceleration of H 2 Evolution from Aqueous Solutions of Inorganic Hydrides Catalyzed by Gold-Transition-Metal Nanoalloys

Author

Didier Astruc, Marta Martinez Moro, Wenjuan Wang, Rodrigue Djeda, Qi Wang, Sergio Moya, Maria de los Angeles Ramirez, Lionel Salmon, Naixin Kang, Fangyu Fu, Emerson Coy, Jean-Luc Pozzo, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CIC BiomaGUNE [Espagne], Universidad Nacional de San Martin (UNSAM), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council (CSC), National Science Centre of Poland - program OPUS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Bordeaux

Subjects
Materials science, Hydrogen, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Photochemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, Metal, Transition metal, Electromagnetic radiation, Alloys, General Materials Science, Hydrogen production, Aqueous solution, Hydrolysis, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Oxidative addition, Nanomaterial-based catalyst, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, 13. Climate action, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Irradiation, Gold, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Production of hydrogen (H2) upon hydrolysis of inorganic hydrides potentially is a key step in green energy production. We find that visible-light irradiation of aqueous solutions of ammonia-borane (AB) or NaBH4 containing “click”-dendrimer-stabilized alloyed nanocatalysts composed of nanogold and another late transition-metal nanoparticle (LTMNP) highly enhances catalytic activity for H2 generation while also inducing alloy to Au core@M shell nanocatalyst restructuration. In terms of visible-light-induced acceleration of H2 production from both AB and NaBH4, the Au1Ru1 alloy catalysts show the most significant light-boosting effect. Au–Rh and Au–PtNPs are also remarkable with total H2 release time from AB and NaBH4 down to 1.3 min at 25 °C (AuRh), 3 times less than in the dark, and Co is the best earth-abundant metal alloyed with nanogold. This boosting effect is explained by the transfer of plasmon-induced hot electron from the Au atoms to the LTMNP atoms facilitating water O–H oxidative addition on the LTMNP surface, as shown by the large primary kinetic isotope effect kH/kD upon using D2O obtained for both AB and NaBH4. The second simultaneous and progressive effect of visible-light irradiation during these reactions, alloy to Au core@M shell restructuration, enhances the catalytic activity in the recycling, because, in the resulting Au core@M shell, the surface metal (such as Ru) is much more active than the original Au-containing alloy surface in dark reactions. There is no light effect on the rate of hydrogen production for the recycled nanocatalyst because of the absence of Au on the NP surface, but it is still very efficient in hydrogen release during four cycles because of the initial light-induced restructuration, although it is slightly less efficient than the original nanoalloy in the presence of light. The dendritic triazole coordination on each LTMNP surface appears to play a key role in these remarkable light-induced processes.

Published
2020
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39. Overview of deep-learning based methods for salient object detection in videos

Author

Yan Li, Kidiyo Kpalma, Qiong Wang, Lu Zhang, Zhejiang University of Technology, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council [201504490048], National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFE0126100], Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Salient object detection, business.industry, Computer science, Deep learning, Video, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Deep-learning, 01 natural sciences, Domain (software engineering), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Artificial Intelligence, 0103 physical sciences, Signal Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Benchmark (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, 010306 general physics, business, computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; Video salient object detection is a challenging and important problem in computer vision domain. In recent years, deep-learning based methods have contributed to significant improvements in this domain. This paper provides an overview of recent developments in this domain and compares the corresponding methods up to date, including 1) Classification of the state-of-the-art methods and their frameworks; 2) summary of the benchmark datasets and commonly used evaluation metrics; 3) experimental comparison of the performances of the state-of-the-art methods; 4) suggestions of some promising future works for unsolved challenges.

Published
2020
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40. Real-Time in situ Observations Reveal a Double Role for Ascorbic Acid in the Anisotropic Growth of Silver on Gold

Author

Doru Constantin, Kinanti Aliyah, Cyrille Hamon, Claire Goldmann, Thomas Bizien, Damien Alloyeau, Jieli Lyu, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Beamline SWING, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and China Scholarship Council (CSC)Erasmus Mundus Serp-PlusLabex PALMSOLEIL synchrotronFrance-BioImaging (ANR-10-INBS-04-01)Saclay Plant Science (ANR-11-IDEX-0003-02)Region Ile-de-France (convention SESAME E1845)Labex SEAM

Subjects
In situ, Materials science, Reaction speed, Nanoparticle, Halide, 02 engineering and technology, Anisotropic growth, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ascorbic acid, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, Chemical engineering, Scientific method, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

Rational nanoparticle design is one of the main goals of materials science, but it can only be achieved via a thorough understanding of the growth process and of the respective roles of the molecular species involved. We demonstrate that a combination of complementary techniques can yield novel information with respect to their individual contributions. We monitored the growth of long aspect ratio silver rods from gold pentatwinned seeds by three in situ techniques (small-angle x-ray scattering, optical absorbance spectroscopy and liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy). Exploiting the difference in reaction speed between the bulk synthesis and the nanoparticle formation in the TEM cell, we show that the anisotropic growth is thermodynamically controlled (rather than kinetically) and that ascorbic acid, widely used for its mild reductive properties plays a shape-directing role, by stabilizing the {100} facets of the silver cubic lattice, in synergy with the halide ions. This approach can easily be applied to a wide variety of synthesis strategies.

Published
2019
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41. Metallic nanoparticles for electrocatalytic reduction of halogenated organic compounds: A review

Author

Abdeltif Amrane, Jean-Marie Fontmorin, Florence Fourcade, Florence Geneste, Yaoyin Lou, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), China Scholarship Council, CSC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
Pollutants, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, Halogenated organics, Nanoparticle, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Electrocatalyst, 01 natural sciences, Metal, Specific surface area, Electrochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Deposition, Aqueous solution, Halogenation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Electroreduction, Chemical engineering, chemistry, visual_art, Electrode, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, Carbon
Abstract

International audience; Increasing attention is paid to the degradation of refractory halogenated organic compounds in wastewaters. For this purpose, electrocatalytic reduction process constitutes a promising technology due to its high selectivity. Owing to their well-controlled structure and high specific surface area, nanoparticles have been the subject of many investigations in electrocatalysis. This study presents a general review on nanoparticles-modified electrodes to achieve reductive dehalogenation. The role of the electrode support, especially 3-D Carbon and metallic porous electrodes are first discussed. Then, the methods to prepare metallic nanoparticles on the electrode supports included spontaneous deposition and/or electrodeposition are summarized and the commonly used characterization methods of nanoparticles modified electrodes are also presented. The influence of the electrode material, Ag, Pd, and Cu, as representatives, on electro-dehalogenation process is discussed and compared. Finally, this review also highlights the recent applications of these nanoparticles-modified electrodes for the treatment of halogenated organic compounds in aqueous solutions.

Published
2021
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42. Nonlinear optical properties of meso-Tetra(fluorenyl)porphyrins peripherally functionalized with one to four ruthenium alkynyl substituents

Author

Xu Zhang, Adam Barlow, Mahbod Morshedi, Christine O. Paul-Roth, Marie P. Cifuentes, Mark A. Fox, Frédéric Paul, Limiao Shi, Mark G. Humphrey, Olivier Mongin, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Durham University, Australian National University (ANU), Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, MESRI: 43406 ZE, Australian Research Council, ARC: DP170100408, The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, MEAE, China Scholarship Council, CSC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Fluorenyl, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Ruthenium, Porphyrin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Transition metal, Polarizability, UV-Vis Absorption, Polymer chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Emission spectrum, biology, Nonlinear absorption, Process Chemistry and Technology, UV–Vis absorption, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Tetra, Absorption (chemistry), Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The synthesis of a series of four porphyrin derivatives based on a meso-tetrafluorenylporphyrin core functionalized with one to four trans-chlorobis(dppe)ruthenium alkynyl units (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) at the periphery, together with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV–Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy studies, are reported. In these multipolar assemblies, the organoruthenium endgroups are potential electron-donors and the central porphyrin core is a potential electron-acceptor. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses have been assessed by Z-scan, revealing that these extended π-networks incorporating polarizable organometallic units behave as nonlinear absorbers in the near-IR range. The role of the peripheral transition metal centers on the third-order NLO properties is discussed.

Published
2021
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43. Microstructural evolution of remolded clay related to creep

Author

Dan Zhao, Pierre-Yves Hicher, Qian-Feng Gao, Zhen-Yu Yin, Mahdia Hattab, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, China, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, China, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), and Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)China Scholarship Council (CSC)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (ZJNSF LQ19E080021,PolyU R5037-18F)

Subjects
Dilatant, Microstructural evolution, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Triaxial shear test, complex mixtures, Microscopic scale, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Stress (mechanics), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 021105 building & construction, Overconsolidation ratio, Composite material, Microstructure, Triaxial test, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering, Dilatancy, Creep, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Remolded clays
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study is to understand the local mechanisms related to creep behavior of a typical clay under triaxial loading. The investigation concerns both normally consolidated and overconsolidated specimens of remolded kaolin clay. The macroscopic results showed that both dilatancy and contractancy could occur during creep depending mainly on the clay behavior prior to the creep test. The magnitude of the dilatancy/contractancy was controlled by the stress level, on one hand, and by the overconsolidation ratio which governed the sign of the volumetric strain variation during triaxial loading, on the other hand. At the microscopic scale, the dilatancy/contractancy phenomena were analyzed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the microstructural evolution of the clay along mechanical loading depended on the stress history. The structural evolution during the creep phases followed the structural pattern developed under monotonic loading. The creep dilatancy phenomenon appeared strongly related to the expansion of micro pores and micro cracks within the overconsolidated clay specimens.

Published
2020
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44. Kinematics and dynamics of pedestrian head ground contact: A cadaver study

Author

Pierre-Jean Arnoux, Quentin Ferrand, Shi Shang, David Teeling, Max Py, Ciaran K. Simms, Catherine Masson, Trinity College Dublin, Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée (LBA UMR T24), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Gustave Eiffel, and China Scholarship Council (CSC)

Subjects
0211 other engineering and technologies, Poison control, ground contact, 02 engineering and technology, Pedestrian, Kinematics, Accelerometer, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Cadaver, Range (aeronautics), 11. Sustainability, 021105 building & construction, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050107 human factors, Pedestrians, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Dynamics (mechanics), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Structural engineering, vehicle contact, Head (vessel), cadaver test analysis, business, Safety Research, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Pedestrians struck by vehicles are generally injured by the primary vehicle contact but also the secondary ground contact. However, experimental evidence for ground contact injuries is limited. Here we report on six staged cadaver tests at 20-30km/h with passenger cars/vans in which we recorded the whole process from first pedestrian contact until after the end of the ground contact is complete using high-speed video and accelerometers mounted in the cadavers. Results show distinct phases for pedestrian flight and ground contact in addition to the already established vehicle contact phases. No skull fractures were observed in any of the tests. However, for the speed range tested, the linear and angular head injury risk (evaluated using HIC/3ms & BrIC respectively) is generally higher from the ground contact compared to the vehicle contact. Although not yet clearly understood, angular head injury risk during ground contact is higher for the 20km/h tests compared to the 30km/h tests. A good comparison was observed with respect to previously predicted ground contact mechanisms and head impact speeds from multibody modelling. These results emphasize the importance of ground related injuries to pedestrians when struck by vehicles at speeds of 20-30km/h and provide a unique dataset for computational model validation of pedestrian ground contact.

Published
2020
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45. Human Serum Albumin in the Presence of AGuIX Nanoagents: Structure Stabilisation without Direct Interaction

Author

Jean Philippe Renault, Olivier Tillement, Sandrine Lacombe, Frank Wien, Daniela Salado-Leza, François Lux, Serge Pin, Erika Porcel, Xiaomin Yang, Laurent Marichal, Marta Bolsa-Ferruz, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire sur l'Organisation Nanométrique et Supramoléculaire (LIONS), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Formation, élaboration de nanomatériaux et cristaux (FENNEC), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Synchrotron SOLEIL, the China Scholarship Council (CSC, N 201607040068), Université Paris Saclay via the 'Inititative de Recherche Stratégique' program, grant IRS NanoTheRad project, ANR-10-INBS-0005,FRISBI,Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée(2010), European Project: 608163,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN,ARGENT(2014), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Circular dichroism, Radiosensitizer, Gadolinium, Contrast Media, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Calorimetry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, Catalysis, lcsh:Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Toxicity Tests, medicine, Humans, structure, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Molecular Biology, Serum Albumin, Spectroscopy, nanoparticle, Organic Chemistry, Albumin, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, General Medicine, stability, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Human serum albumin, Blood proteins, Fluorescence, circular dichroism, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, Biophysics, Nanoparticles, gadolinium, High ratio, protein, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug
Abstract

The gadolinium-based nanoagent named AGuIX&reg, is a unique radiosensitizer and contrast agent which improves the performance of radiotherapy and medical imaging. Currently tested in clinical trials, AGuIX&reg, is administrated to patients via intravenous injection. The presence of nanoparticles in the blood stream may induce harmful effects due to undesired interactions with blood components. Thus, there is an emerging need to understand the impact of these nanoagents when meeting blood proteins. In this work, the influence of nanoagents on the structure and stability of the most abundant blood protein, human serum albumin, is presented. Synchrotron radiation circular dichroism showed that AGuIX&reg, does not bind to the protein, even at the high ratio of 45 nanoparticles per protein at 3 mg/L. However, it increases the stability of the albumin. Isothermal thermodynamic calorimetry and fluorescence emission spectroscopy demonstrated that the effect is due to preferential hydration processes. Thus, this study confirms that intravenous injection of AGuIX&reg, presents limited risks of perturbing the blood stream. In a wider view, the methodology developed in this work may be applied to rapidly evaluate the impact and risk of other nano-products that could come into contact with the bloodstream.

Published
2020
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46. Influence Maximization in Independent Cascade Networks Based on Activation Probability Computation

Author

Wenjing Yang, Leonardo Brenner, Alessandro Giua, Modèles et Formalismes à Evénements Discrets (MOFED), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering [University of Cagliari] (DIEE), University of Cagliari, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and China Scholarship Council (CSC), the project PHC CAI YUANPEI 2017 from Campus Franceunder Project No. 38908TK, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61703321 and 61672400.

Subjects
social networks, influence maximization, General Computer Science, Independent cascade model, Stochastic modelling, Computer science, Computation, General Engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Maximization, Upper and lower bounds, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], TK1-9971, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Path (graph theory), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, General Materials Science, Node (circuits), Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Greedy algorithm, Algorithm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; Based on the concepts of “word-of-mouth” effect and viral marketing, the diffusion of an innovation may be triggered starting from a set of initial users. Estimating the influence spread is a preliminary step to determine a suitable or even optimal set of initial users to reach a given goal. In this paper, we focus on a stochastic model called the independent cascade model and compare a few approaches to compute activation probabilities of nodes in a social network, i.e., the probability that a user adopts the innovation. First, we propose the path method that computes the exact value of the activation probabilities but has high complexity. Second, an approximated method, called SSS-Noself, is obtained by the modification of the existing SteadyStateSpread algorithm, based on fixed-point computation, to achieve better accuracy. Finally, an efficient approach, also based on fixed-point computation, is proposed to compute the probability that a node is activated through a path of minimal length from the seed set. This algorithm, called SSS-Bounded-Path algorithm, can provide a lower bound for the computation of activation probabilities. Furthermore, these proposed approaches are applied to the influence maximization problem combined with the SelectTopK algorithm, the RankedReplace algorithm, and the greedy algorithm.

Published
2019
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47. Luminescent zinc oxide nanoparticles: from stabilization to slow digestion depending on the nature of polymer coating

Author

Myrtil L. Kahn, Zhiqin Zheng, Nancy Lauth-de Viguerie, Yannick Coppel, Jean-Daniel Marty, Simon Harrisson, Mathias Destarac, Margaux Mounsamy, Christophe Mingotaud, Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDeAS - Interfaces Dynamiques et Assemblages Stimulables (IDeAS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), P3R - Polymères de Précision par Procédés Radicalaires (P3R), China Scholarship Council (CSC), and CNRS

Subjects
Polymers and Plastics, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Zinc, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, PEG ratio, Copolymer, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Acrylic acid, Organic Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Vinylphosphonic acid, chemistry, Polymerization, Chemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Ethylene glycol
Abstract

International audience; Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(acrylic acid) block copolymers (PEG-b-PVPA and PEG-b-PAA) were synthesized by RAFT/MADIX polymerization. The interaction of PAA or PVPA blocks with preformed ZnO NPs and the presence of a highly soluble PEG block enable a stable colloidal solution of ZnO NPs to be obtained in both organic solvent and water. While in THF a significant enhancement of luminescent properties is observed in both cases, a slow decrease of these properties is observed in water, which is due to the slow digestion of the ZnO NPs. Lastly, compared to the PAA block, the PVPA block favors both the interaction with ZnO NPs and their digestion.

Published
2019
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48. Integrated optimization of terminal maneuvering area and airport at the macroscopic level

Author

Mohammed Sbihi, Paolo Scala, Miguel Mujica Mota, Ji Ma, Daniel Delahaye, Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC), Hogeschool van Amsterdam, Hogeschool van Amsterdam (HvA), This work has been partially supported by Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), by China Scholarship Council (CSC) and by the National Science Foundation of Tianjin through Grant No. 17JCYBJC43100 . The authors would like to thank Serge Roux for his assistance with data and technical support. The authors would like to thank SNA-RP/CDG-LB for providing the traffic data. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments., ANR-19-P3IA-0004,ANITI,Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute(2019), and Lectoraat Aviation Engineering

Subjects
Heuristic (computer science), Computer science, Maneuvering area, Real-time computing, Transportation, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Air traffic management system, Integrated Optimization, Network abstraction, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0502 economics and business, Simulated Annealing, Civil and Structural Engineering, 050210 logistics & transportation, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, 05 social sciences, Terminal Maneuvering Area, Entry time, Airport, Computer Science Applications, Terminal (electronics), Automotive Engineering, Simulated annealing, Runway, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract

International audience; Airports and surrounding airspaces are limited in terms of capacity and represent the major bottlenecks of the air traffic management system. This paper addresses the problems of terminal airspace management and airport congestion management at the macroscopic level through the integrated control of arrivals and departures. Conflict detection and resolution methods are applied to a predefined terminal route structure. Different airside components are modeled using network abstraction. Speed, arrival and departure times, and runway assignment are managed by using an optimization method. An adapted simulated annealing heuristic combined with a time decomposition approach is proposed to solve the corresponding problem. Computational experiments performed on case studies of Paris Charles De-Gaulle airport show some potential improvements: First, when the airport capacity is decreased, until a certain threshold, the overload can be mitigated properly by adjusting the aircraft entry time in the Terminal Maneuvering Area and the pushback time. Second, landing and take-off runway assignments in peak hours with imbalanced runway throughputs can significantly reduce flight delays. A decrease of 37% arrival delays and 36% departure delays was reached compared to baseline case.

Published
2019
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49. Influence of texture and transformation strain on the superelastic performance of a new Ti–20Zr–3Mo–3Sn alloy

Author

T. Gloriant, I. Thibon, Denis Laillé, Philippe Castany, J.J. Gao, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), China Scholarship Council, CSC 2016-6329, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Alloy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Titanium alloys, General Materials Science, Texture, Composite material, Superelasticity, Tensile testing, 010302 applied physics, Mechanical Engineering, Titanium alloy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Mechanics of Materials, Nickel titanium, Diffusionless transformation, Martensitic transformation, Pseudoelasticity, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Transformation strain, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; In this work, the superelastic behavior of a new metastable β Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn (at.%) biomedical alloy displaying stress-induced α" martensitic transformation (SIM) was investigated by cyclic tensile tests, electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) for 3 different solution treatment temperatures: 700°C, 800°C and 900°C. The EBSD observations revealed that the Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn alloy showed a strong dependence of the solution treatment temperatures on crystallographic texture. SXRD diffraction profiles acquired under cyclic loading/unloading tensile tests clearly illustrated the reversible SIM α" transformation. In addition, the lattice parameters of β and SIM α" phases were measured for each cycle in order to establish the evolution of lattice parameters during the deformation and to calculate the maximum transformation strain for any crystallographic direction. A high recovery strain of 3.5% was obtained by tensile test after a solution treatment at 700°C for 30 minutes. This high recovery strain is due to the fact that the maximum transformation strain is obtained along the tensile direction displaying the favorable β {100} β recrystallization texture. The performance of the Ti-20Zr-3Mo-3Sn alloy is discussed and compared with other superelastic alloys such as NiTi and (Ti-Nb)-based alloys.

Published
2019
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50. Volume change behavior of two compacted clayey soils under hydraulic and mechanical loadings

Author

Nabil Abou-Bekr, Said Taibi, Jean-Marie Fleureau, Feth-Ellah Mounir Derfouf, Assia Benchouk, Zhong-Sen Li, Laboratoire de mécanique des sols, structures et matériaux (MSSMat), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Laboratoire Eau et Ouvrages dans Leur Environnement (EOLE), Université de Tlemcen, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences (LMPG), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and China Scholarship Council, CSC: 2010691009 ANR 2011 VILD 004 01

Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Yield, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Electrical resistivity, Soil classification, 02 engineering and technology, Volume change, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Pore-size distribution, Hydromechanical coupling, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Hydraulic conductivity, Suction-controlled oedometric test, Compacted clay, Soil water, Environmental science, Geotechnical engineering, Drying-wetting tests, Saturation (chemistry), Clay soil, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, General Environmental Science
Abstract

The paper presents an experimental study on the volumetric behavior of two compacted soils (Boughrara and Châtaignier clays) through suction-controlled drying-wetting and oedometric tests. During hydraulic loading (drying-wetting tests), the changes in void ratio, degree of saturation, and water content of both materials are plotted against the logarithm of suction, providing relatively comprehensive experimental results to validate recent empirical correlations on the wetting path and to derive the suction yield curve on the drying path. For mechanical loading (oedometric tests), volumetric changes are presented in the log10 (σv)-e plane, and an increase in yield stress and a monotonic decrease in compressibility coefficient λ(s) with suction are observed. These results show the suction hardening effect on soil stiffness, which is further illustrated by the analysis of the pore-size distribution curve. In addition, a new osmotic oedometric cell which takes advantage of the electrical resistivity technique is developed and used to measure the variation of degree of saturation and volumetric water content in oedometric tests, highlighting in particular how the hydraulic parameters change in a different way from the mechanical parameters (void ratio). The Barcelona Basic Model is examined and a new empirical correlation is proposed to determine the yield stress.

Published
2018
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