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The COVID-19 pandemic forced the Deans’ Council of Public Malaysian Medical Faculties to tackle the issue of examinations in the face of movement control orders (MCO). A task force decided that final professional examination is necessary and three recommendations have been proposed. Online examination is among the best option with strict adherence to the Malaysian Medical Council guidelines. The majority of the universities used a Moodle-based Learning Management System; the examination will therefore mainly cover cognitive outcomes focusing on final professional exit examinations. It felt that cheating, although a real issue, is manageable and came up with several recommendations for the implementation based on likely outcomes of the MCO.

Composite laminate design is an important procedure in defining the mechanical properties of laminated composite structure to be used in multi-directional service loading application. Composite technologies or manufacturers who is lack of knowledge regarding the importance of laminate design, tend to develop a composite structure that will collapse or fail below the service requirement. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of fiber orientation on flexural properties of the designed glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminated composite. Six sets of laminates with different fiber orientation and sequence were simulated using CompositeStar© software to determine its flexural properties. Samples were fabricated to verify the simulated data and were tested in accordance to ASTM D2344. Moreover, crack pattern within the samples after the flexural test is studied. From the simulated results, it shows that laminates which have fiber in tri-direction and quasi-direction display a higher flexural modulus and strength compared to laminates with fiber in uni-directional and bi-directional. In addition, data from tested fabricated laminates samples displayed the same modulus patterns against the simulated data, with variants from 8% to 35%. Additionally, it is found that samples with fiber in ±45 direction shows a transverse and shear cracking which prolonged the cracking propagation before the samples show a complete failure.

Absorption spectra of different composition of tellurite glasses were analyzed in order to estimate their lasing properties. Composition of the investigated tellurite glasses are: 55TeO2-(43-x)ZnO-2Bi2O3-xEr2O3(x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mol%). Glasses absorption spectra and density were measured at room temperature using UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer and pycnometer, respectively; while their refractive index were measured by implying Brewster’s angle method. Lasing performance of glasses were then analyzed using Judd-Ofelt theory in order to obtain line strength (S), Judd-Ofelt parameters (Ωt, t = 1, 2, 3), and radiative life-times (τ). It is seen that incorporating Er3+ions of up to 2.5 mol% resulted in decreasing the radiative lifetime of electrons sitting at4I11/2. From Judd-Ofelt parameters analysis it can be concluded that these tellurite glasses tend to have the covalence nature of Er-O bond and thus represents the asymmetry around the Er3+ions site.

A vibrational sensor-based optical fiber was recording vibrations that occur in mathematical pendulum as a model of suspension bridge durability sensor. POF fiber optic was used with a diameter of 0,5 mm. The intensity measured by total reflection in the fiber optic reduced due to the loss caused by the bent of fiber optic with critical radius. The resulting signal loss processed using a computer, so that the history of vibration which associated with the condition of the bridge structure could be recorded and the furthure analysis can be apllied as a SHM (Structural Health Monitoring).

The limited shelf life of carbon prepreg waste (CPW) from component manufacturing restricts its use as a composite reinforcement fibre on its own. However, CPW can be recycled with glass fibre (GF) reinforcement to develop a unique remediate material. Therefore, this study fabricated (1) a glass fibre-carbon prepreg waste reinforced polymer hybrid composite (GF-CPW-PP), (2) a polypropylene composite (PP), (3) a carbon prepreg waste reinforced composite (CPW-PP), and (4) a glass fibre reinforced composite (GF-PP) and reported their degradation and residual tension properties after immersion in water. The polymer hybrid composites were fabricated via extrusion technique with minimum reinforce glass-carbon prepreg waste content of 10 wt%. The immersion test was conducted at room temperature using distilled water. Moisture content and diffusion coefficient (DC) were determined based on water adsorption values recorded at 24-h intervals over a one-week period. The results indicated that GF-PP reinforced composites retained the most moisture post-168 h of immersion. However, hardness and tensile strength were found to decrease with increased water adsorption. Tensile strength was found to be compromised since pores produced during hydrolysis reduced interfacial bonding between glass fibre and prepreg carbon reinforcements and the PP matrix.

Food packaging has seen a growth in the use of materials derived from renewable resources such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA). However, the initial costs to produce bioplastics are typically high. Tropical fruit waste as naturally sourced fibres, such as jackfruit skin, can be used as a cost-reducing filler for PLA. The main objective in this study is to fabricate a low-cost natural fibre-reinforced polymer that potentially applies in packaging with the aid of bleaching treatment. The treatment shows a rougher surface fibre in Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and it is expected to have better mechanical locking with the matrix, and this is found similar with a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Unfortunately, fibre insertion does find low tensile performances, yet bleached-fibre composites improved its performance significantly. A similar situation was found in the thermal characterization where a low-thermal stability natural fibre composite has lower thermal behaviour and this increased with bleaching treatment. Besides, bleached-fibre composites have a longer service period. Besides, a 15 wt% thymol insertion inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in the composites and the non-treated fibre composite has better thymol effects. The 30 wt% of the bleached-fibre insertion composite has a high potential to reduce the cost of bioplastic products with minimum alterations of overall performances.

This study investigated the effects of water ageing and low-velocity impact loadings on E-glass fibre/epoxy composite pipes subjected to monotonic internal pressure. The pipes, which consisted of six antisymmetric layers with (±55°)3 winding angles, were manufactured by the filament winding process. The specimens were cut from the pipes to the required test length. The specimens were then subjected to the ageing process by being immersed in 80 °C tap water for time intervals of 500, 1000, and 1500 h. Impact loadings of three different energy levels (5 J, 7.5 J, and 10 J) were applied, which were followed by monotonic burst tests. Scanning electron microscopy images were captured and the correlation between the ageing time and the level of impact energy on the pipes' burst strength was identified. The results indicated that the peak force and displacement increased as the impact energy increased. The monotonic burst test results revealed that the specimens that had been aged and were impacted by higher energy yielded lower burst strength. Weepage and eruption failures were observed depending on the applied impact energies. Keywords: Filament winding, GRE composite pipe, Ageing, Impact loading, Monotonic burst test

Transmission structures such as transmission towers or transmission poles were designed to endure multiple combinations of acting force. However, these current structures that were made from concrete and metal are heavyweight materials that cause difficulties in handling during assembly, maintenance and reinstallation purposes. The other problem is vandalism issues on the metallic bracing of the transmission towers. Glass fiber reinforced polymer, (GFRP) is a type of fiber reinforced composites that combine the continuous high strength reinforcing fiber material and lightweight properties of polymeric matrix, thus offers an alternative solution for those problems. In this paper, a laminate design of GFRP samples were simulated using CompositeStar© software to determine the mechanical strength and its reserve factor. The composite panels were varied in term of fiber direction and it was designed to withstand a distributed load of 5 kN service load in longitudinal (x-axis) and transverse (y-axis) direction on samples with thickness range between 4.00 to 4.20 mm. From the simulated results, it shows that the panels with fiber orientation in bi-direction and quasi-direction display a balance strength and acceptable reserve factor in both x-direction and y-direction. Therefore the properties and reserve factors of laminate design simulated from this software can be used as a benchmark in designing a laminated composite.

IThe risk of accidents in the railway, especially on unmanned railroad crossing, are still high. A train arrival on railroad crossing warning system is indispensable. The warning system will detect train arrival on the railroad crossing and issue a warning to the crossers. A sensor based on optical fiber Weight in Motion (WIM) is proposed. This paper presents a design of a railroad crossing warning system based on WIM sensor. The sensor placed under the railroad tracks and detects vibrations footprints transmitted along those rails. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to process the signal pattern of the WIM system output. By using ANN, the vibration footprint pattern was classified and used as on-sensor train detection. As the train detected, the arrival time of the train on the raiload crossing was estimated. The result is a warning system which can detect train arrival on the railroad crossing and issue a warning signal.

Online transactions are transactions made sellers and buyers online through the Internet media, there is no direct encounter between buyers and sellers. Currently with the rapid development of technology and the Internet in Indonesia, has had a great impact on the change of industrial business. That is starting from the way advertising, buying and selling, how to interact between humans, and so forth. With e-commerce has changed a lot in the process of buying and selling. Panda Alami is one of the banana chips industry established since 1998 in Cipadang Pesawaran village. This banana chips industry still uses manual way in transaction process. To increase the turnover and profit that is the purpose of this study, the transaction model is developed with SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) and software used to design and design this application is PHP programming language, MySQL Database and Adobe Photoshop CS3. Features include product search, order, delivery and payment confirmation and thus provide integration of the entire inventory unit sales network. An equally important factor is trust. In this process trust is the main capital. Because without the trust of both parties, then the process of online transactions can not happen and done.

The Government program in tackling the economic crisis that has occurred so far is by providing direct assistance to very poor families (KSM) in every village throughout Indonesia. The Family Hope Program (FHP) is one of the government's conditional aid programs as a form of compensation from the fuel price increase, which certainly affects the lives of the wider community, including the poor. In order for the expected results to be more accurate and the system designed is arranged systematically, the authors decided to use Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This decision support model will describe the problem of multi-factor or multi-criteria into a form of hierarchy, From the results of the test the shrill and weight of FHP assistance is the type of work of the head of the family is not fixed in the first rank with 4.9 shrill. With the results of the output is feasible or not prospective recipient in FHP, obtained from the comparison of the lamda weight of the rating category with the weight value of the predetermined ratio.

Poverty is social gap problem for some people with below average income level but in Pringsewu district the poverty rate is significantly decreased so it is expected to increase the potential of Pringsewu region to be better, in increasing the potential of the region it needs a system that is expected to assist in determination of poverty level in sub district in Pringsewu by data clustering and ranking from every subdistrict in Pringsewu Regency using SAW method. Therefore, we are interested to build an application of Poverty Grouping in Pringsewu region in the form of Poverty Index of the last few years, existing data is expected to be a reference to increase the potential of the area by reducing the poverty rate every year. It is expected that the data obtained can be a reference of the government in reducing poverty level in subdistrics in Pringsewu District.

The process of selecting a college should be based on the capabilities and needs of the community. When society is faced with a large selection of college criteria and most societies are confused about choosing the appropriate college for themselves and the job demands. From this it was made a decision support system aimed at helping the community to choose a college that suits the ability and demands of the work. Decision support system plays a role in helping people get the right recommendations in the selection of universities. This decision support system is also designed to help the community to choose a college that suits their needs so that the public is not confused because of the many criteria of universities faced by the community because the admin already has recommendations according to the needs of the community by using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method.

An optical fiber sensor based on evanescent wave absorption designed for measuring glucose solution consentration was proposed. The sensor was made to detect absorbance of various wavelength in the glucose solution. The sensing element was fabricated by side polishing of multimode polymer optical fiber to form a D-shape. The sensing element was immersed in different concentration of glucoce solution. As light propagated through the optical fiber, the evanescent wave interacted with the glucose solution. Light was absorbed by the glucose solution. The larger concentration the glucose solution has, the more the evanescent wave was absorbed in particular wavelenght. Here in this paper, light absorbtion as function of glucose concentration was measured as function of wavelength (the color of LED). We have shown that the proposed sensor can demonstrated an increase of light absorption as function of glucose concentration.

A fiber optic sensor is to detect the cholesterol content in blood serum-based biosensor using plastic optical fiber that has been designed. The fiber optic sensor designed with sensing area was a fiber optic grated by 5 scratches then given bending treatment by 5 cm. The first test was by UV-Vis spectrometer with linearity of 0.96. The second test was by light spectrometer with linearity in white LED of 0.94. Optical fiber sensors were made to work well on a range of blood serum concentration of 140 mg/dL to 250 mg/dL.

Evanescent wave field has been studied for the purpose of tailoring fiber sensor capable of detecting lindane concentration in a solution. The mounted fiber was optically polished such that part of the fiber clad is stripped off. To study the evanescent wave field absorption in lindane solution, the unclad fiber was immersed in the solution. Light coming out of the fiber was studied at different wavelength each for different lindane concentration. It was shown that evanescent wave field absorption is stronger at wavelength corresponding to lindane absorption band as has been shown from absorption studies lindane in UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer.

Tellurite glasses with compositions of 55TeO2 - (41- x) ZnO-2Bi2O3-2Na2O-xPbO where x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% mole (Pb:TZBN glasses) were prepared by melting the mixture at 900°C and quenched rapidly. IR spectra were recorded in the range 400 cm-1 and 4000 cm-1. Analyses were carried out to study the effect of PbO incorporation into the glasses to the shift the main absorption vibrational spectra. The results were then analysed in term of coordination number of Pb as well as the change in mass reduction.

Optical fiber sandwiched pad designed as a pressure mapping sensor has been configured and characterized. Optical fiber sensor was aligned to form a web-like configuration (x- y matrix). Several fibers were positioned to form lines parallel to y-axis while others are in parallel to x-axis. When a mass with a particular surface contour was loaded on the fiber pad, we have shown the dependence of the magnitude of light attenuation on the mass surface contour. Combining these light attenuation results we have successfully constructed a three dimensional contours showing the pressure distribution given by the mass to the fiber pad.

A reflective optical fiber sensor designed for measuring refractive index and sugar concentration of aqueous solutions is described. Two strains of parallel polymer optical fibers (POF) were wrapped in a bundle such that one of their fiber's end cross-sections had the same distance to the mirror surface. The light coming out from one strain of the fiber was reflected by the mirror to the second fiber. Sugar concentration of the aqueous solution filling the space between the fiber ends and the mirror was varied (1.0 M, 1.5 M, 2.0 M, 2.5 M, 3.0 M, 4.0 M, and 5.0 M). It was shown from the experiment that light intensity detected by photo-detector is linearly related to the percentage of the dissolved sugar in the solution as well as the variation of the sugar solution refractive index (R2 = 0.987).

Physical and optical properties of lead telluride (Pb:TZBN) glasses with composition 55TeO2-(41-x)ZnO-2Bi2O3-2Na2O-xPbO where x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% mol are presented. UV-VIS-NIR spectra of the glasses in the range of 300 - 800 nm along with their densities and refractive indices at 746 nm were recorded at room temperature. The optical bandgap energy (Eg) has been calculated from the fitting of Tauc plot. On the basis of these results we found that with the increase of Pb2+ content, their refractive indices are increased while their optical bandgaps are decreased. From this experiment, no distinct relationship between the Pb2+ content variation and the electronic polarizability (αO2-) as well as their optical basicity values (A) were observed.

Eggs are livestock products contributed greatly to the achievement of the nutritional adequacy of the public; the egg is a food that is very good for children who are growing because it contains nutrients such as a complete protein, fat, vitamins and minerals that are easy to digest. One of the eggs are much in demand by children are quail eggs. The nutritional value of quail eggs is not less than the nutritional value of eggs containing 12.8% protein and 11.5% fat. Quail eggs are good quality will have good nutritional value anyway. To determine the quality of a good quail eggs will require an expert system. The method used in determining the quality of a good quail eggs using Simple Additive weighting method. The criteria in this research that egg size, style/color of the shell, the shell thickness, shell texture, shape and cleanliness of quail eggs. With the expert system is expected to assist farmers in determining the quail eggs quail egg quality so that the people can consume quail eggs that have good nutritional value. The results of this study showed an alternative ranking first in C with a value of 0.95, ranking second D with a value of 0.7208, ranking third E with a value of 0675, ranking the fourth A with a value of 0.4542 and ranking last in the B with a value of 0.4541.

Notebooks are technological devices widely adopted to assist in human daily life including learning, business, communication and other tasks. Equipped with the distinctive features, notebook was facilitated more simply for one touch screen basis to enable freely in exploring the users’ creativity. This study attempts to examine the process of selecting notebook brand among the consumers. Using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) to help decision support system in the selection of Notebook from decision support systems designed to enhance all decision-process through identifying problems, selecting relevant data and defining the approaches was used to evaluate the selection of alternatives in the decision-making process. The finding reveals that the visibility of decision making into the ranking of priority with alternative choice of notebook can be viewed as follows Zyrex 16%, HP 15%, Asus 14%, Apple 13%, Samsung and Axioo 11%, Acer and Toshiba with priority 10 %.