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The progressive increase in global temperature causes concern worldwide, which is constantly looking for ways to minimize the impacts caused to the environment as a result of human activities in the last decades.As a result, “clean energy” has been the solution to control pollution and global warming, as they cause low environmental impacts.Today, biofuels and mainly bioethanol derived essentially from sugarcane replaces fossil fuels very efficiently.Due to the high influence and relevance that sugarcane exerts nationally, in relation to the economic and environmental issue, it is vitally important to think about how its production system will be in scenarios that consider climate change.In order to analyze this system is necessary to obtain data, not always easily obtained in field research, for this reason, the agricultural modeling through the simulation of scenarios can contribute by predicting situations and helping to make future decisions.Therefore, an APSIM® simulation model was proposed, validating it with local data and later the effects of climate change on sugarcane productivity were studied through agricultural modeling simulating three (3) scenarios with change in average air temperature and CO2 concentration:S1 without climate change (current), S2 (year 2020) with change of + 0.24°C and increase of +26 ppm of CO2, S3 (year 2040) with change of +0.84°C and increase of +114 ppm of CO2 and S4 (year of 2080) with change of + 1.14°C and increase of +201 ppm of CO2.The studied climatic change scenarios may lead to higher stalks and sugar productivity per hectare due to higher rates of CO2 fixation and temperature increase.

As indústrias sucroalcooleras são as responsáveis pela produção de etanol e açúcar, contudo um subproduto é gerado em grande quantidade nessa produção, a vinhaça que possui alto poder poluente e alto valor fertilizante. Grande parte da vinhaça é usada na fertirrigação, entretanto, as usinas têm encontrado dificuldades de destino da mesma devido à saturação do solo após um período de utilização. Nesta saturação do solo destaca-se a grande concentração de alguns nutrientes, principalmente do potássio, que pode prejudicar o crescimento vegetal devido ao desequilíbrio de nutrientes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar o tratamento da vinhaça proveniente de uma usina sucroalcooleira com a utilização de microalgas Chlorella vulgaris (Kessler & Huss, 1992), visando reduzir alguns nutrientes presentes, principalmente o potássio, a fim de garantir um melhor reaproveitamento deste na fertirrigação dos canaviais. Os resultados mostraram a eficiência do tratamento usando microalgas na redução das concentrações de potássio, sódio e cálcio. Estas reduções fazem com que a vinhaça possua uma maior disponibilidade para ser utilizada na fertirrigação nos canaviais da própria empresa que, consequentemente, acaba reduzindo os gastos com a compra de fertilizantes minerais, fechando assim um ciclo ecológico de produção e reutilização do próprio resíduo gerado.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T15:30:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-08-01 CNEN (National Nuclear Energy Commission) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of sugarcane to nitrogen (N) application with drip irrigation and the relation with carbon isotope discrimination (Delta C-13), aboveground dry matter cane yield and the N balance in consecutive ratoon crops of sugarcane. An experiment was set up in Jau, SP, Brazil, in which the second and third ratoon crop cycles (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) were evaluated. The experiment included an unfertilized N control in both years (T1), and the following three nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (in kg ha(-1)) applied in 2008 and 2009, respectively: 70 and 50 (T2), 140 and 100 (T3), and 210 and 150 (T4). Fertilization with N caused a marked gain in stalk yields by 98 Mg ha(-1) in 2 years. The N export with harvest was higher than N application in the control treatment T1 and at the lower rate (T2); this, in addition to the observed linear response to N, indicate the need to increase N fertilization in irrigated sugarcane. The values of Delta C-13 decreased with the increase of N supply showing a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) with stalk as well as whole plant aboveground dry matter yields. The values of Delta C-13 in top leaves may be used as a tool to characterize the N status of sugarcane plants and its relation to aboveground dry matter and yield. Lab Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Bioetanol CTBE, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10-000, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil Agencia Paulista Tecnol Agronegocios, Jau, SP, Brazil Inst Agron Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Sagrado Coracao, Bauru, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, CENA, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2008/56.147-1