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1. The large trans-Neptunian object 2002 TC 302 from combined stellar occultation, photometry, and astrometry data

Author

G. Scarfi, T. Pribulla, J. C. Guirado, L. Buzzi, Grzegorz Dudziński, A. Farkas-Takács, L. Mazzei, E. Meza, A. Aletti, J. M. Christille, C. Perelló, L. Morrone, V. Peris, Valerio Nascimbeni, J. Lecacheux, J. M. Madiedo, Rene Duffard, F. Mancini, Bruno Sicardy, J. Alikakos, Vassilis Charmandaris, Cs. Kiss, M. Conjat, Raoul Behrend, R. Komžík, Frédéric Vachier, Martina Maestripieri, J. Skvarc, Paolo Bacci, T. G. Mueller, Domenico Nardiello, R. Iglesias-Marzoa, F. Colas, Aleksandar Cikota, András Pál, N. Paschalis, R. Szakats, A. Campo Bagatin, P. J. Gutierrez, Giacomo Succi, Pablo Santos-Sanz, A. R. Gomes-Júnior, Gábor Marton, M. Butkiewicz-Bak, E. Varga-Verebélyi, M. Masucci, Estela Fernández-Valenzuela, V. Tsamis, Victor Ali-Lagoa, Felipe Braga-Ribas, M. Alighieri, Roberto Vieira-Martins, F. Manzano, Julio Camargo, E. Dal Canto, S. Hellmich, F. Roques, A. Vecchione, A. Navarro, Stefano Mottola, A. Noschese, Albino Carbognani, F. Lavalade, Josselin Desmars, Mónica Vara-Lubiano, Nora Morales, C. Schnabel, Mauro Bachini, Kosmas Gazeas, J. M. Mari, Przemyslaw Bartczak, W. Beisker, S. Sposetti, F. Ciabattari, A. Alvarez-Candal, Stefan Cikota, J. L. Ortiz, Marcelo Assafin, A. Marciniak, G. Benedetti-Rossi, H. Mikuz, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física, Ingeniería de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Investigación Informática, Astronomía y Astrofísica, European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, IAA-CSIC, Université de Paris, Laboratório Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia - LIneA, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR / DAFIS), Observatório Nacional/MCTIC, University of Central Florida, 'G. Galilei' Universita Degli Studi di Padova, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, LAM, INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza Dello Spazio, Schiaparelli Astronomical Observatory, Astronomical Observatory San Marcello Pistoiese CARA Project, Crni Vrh Observatory, University of Ljubljana, Osservatorio Astronomico di Monte Agliale, 55 Impasse de la Marjolaine, Observatorio Astronomico Iota-Scorpii, 1075 Avenue Saint Philippe, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Gnosca Observatory, Osservatorio Astronomico di Tavolaia, 63 Boulevard de Brandebourg, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), International Occultation Timing Association - European Section (IOTA-ES), Observatoire de Geneve, Max Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Institute of Planetary Research, Universidad de Alicante, Unversidad de Alicante, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley (OAVdA), Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, MTA-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group, ELTE Gothard Astrophysical Observatory, National Observatory of Athens, University of Crete, Faculty of Science, A. Mickiewicz University, Nunki Observatory, Ellinogermaniki Agogi Observatory, Universidad de Valencia, Centro de Estudios de Física Del Cosmos de Aragón, Universidad de la Laguna, Agrupació Astronómica de Sabadell, Osservatorio Salvatore di Giacomo, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Universidad Politécnica Salesiana [Quito], Observatório Nacional/MCT, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Absolute magnitude, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2002 TC302, 01 natural sciences, Occultation, law.invention, Telescope, Photometry (optics), law, Geometric albedo, Física Aplicada, 0103 physical sciences, Trans-Neptunian object, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), photometric [Techniques], Astronomy and Astrophysics, general [Kuiper belt], Astrometry, individual: 2002 TC302 [Kuiper belt objects], Kuiper belt: general, Occultations, Techniques: photometric, Light curve, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

All authors: Ortiz, J. L.; Santos-Sanz, P.; Sicardy, B.; Benedetti-Rossi, G.; Duffard, R.; Morales, N.; Braga-Ribas, F.; Fernández-Valenzuela, E.; Nascimbeni, V.; Nardiello, D.; Carbognani, A.; Buzzi, L.; Aletti, A.; Bacci, P.; Maestripieri, M.; Mazzei, L.; Mikuz, H.; Skvarc, J.; Ciabattari, F.; Lavalade, F. Scarfi, G.; Mari, J. M.; Conjat, M.; Sposetti, S.; Bachini, M.; Succi, G.; Mancini, F.; Alighieri, M.; Dal Canto, E.; Masucci, M.; Vara-Lubiano, M.; Gutiérrez, P. J.; Desmars, J.; Lecacheux, J.; Vieira-Martins, R.; Camargo, J. I. B.; Assafin, M.; Colas, F.; Beisker, W.; Behrend, R.; Mueller, T. G.; Meza, E.; Gomes-Junior, A. R.; Roques, F.; Vachier, F.; Mottola, S.; Hellmich, S.; Campo Bagatin, A.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Cikota, S.; Cikota, A.; Christille, J. M.; Pál, A.; Kiss, C.; Pribulla, T.; Komžík, R.; Madiedo, J. M.; Charmandaris, V.; Alikakos, J.; Szakáts, R.; Farkas-Takács, A.; Varga-Verebélyi, E.; Marton, G.; Marciniak, A.; Bartczak, P.; Butkiewicz-Baķ, M.; Dudziński, G.; Alí-Lagoa, V.; Gazeas, K.; Paschalis, N.; Tsamis, V.; Guirado, J. C.; Peris, V.; Iglesias-Marzoa, R.; Schnabel, C.; Manzano, F.; Navarro, A.; Perelló, C.; Vecchione, A.; Noschese, A.; Morrone, L., Context. Deriving physical properties of trans-Neptunian objects is important for the understanding of our Solar System. This requires observational efforts and the development of techniques suitable for these studies. Aims. Our aim is to characterize the large trans-Neptunian object (TNO) 2002 TC302. Methods. Stellar occultations offer unique opportunities to determine key physical properties of TNOs. On 28 January 2018, 2002 TC302 occulted a mv ∼ 15.3 star with designation 593-005847 in the UCAC4 stellar catalog, corresponding to Gaia source 130957813463146112. Twelve positive occultation chords were obtained from Italy, France, Slovenia, and Switzerland. Also, four negative detections were obtained near the north and south limbs. This represents the best observed stellar occultation by a TNO other than Pluto in terms of the number of chords published thus far. From the 12 chords, an accurate elliptical fit to the instantaneous projection of the body can be obtained that is compatible with the near misses. Results. The resulting ellipse has major and minor axes of 543 ± 18 km and 460 ± 11 km, respectively, with a position angle of 3 ± 1 degrees for the minor axis. This information, combined with rotational light curves obtained with the 1.5 m telescope at Sierra Nevada Observatory and the 1.23 m telescope at Calar Alto observatory, allows us to derive possible three-dimensional shapes and density estimations for the body based on hydrostatic equilibrium assumptions. The effective diameter in equivalent area is around 84 km smaller than the radiometrically derived diameter using thermal data from Herschel and Spitzer Space Telescopes. This might indicate the existence of an unresolved satellite of up to ∼300 km in diameter, which is required to account for all the thermal flux, although the occultation and thermal diameters are compatible within their error bars given the considerable uncertainty of the thermal results. The existence of a potential satellite also appears to be consistent with other ground-based data presented here. From the effective occultation diameter combined with absolute magnitude measurements we derive a geometric albedo of 0.147 ± 0.005, which would be somewhat smaller if 2002 TC302 has a satellite. The best occultation light curves do not show any signs of ring features or any signatures of a global atmosphere. © ESO 2020., This research was partially based on data taken at the Sierra Nevada Observatory, which is operated by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). This research is also partially based on data taken at the German-Spanish Calar Alto observatory, which is jointly operated by the Max Planck Institute fur Astronomie and the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). Part of the results were also based on observations taken at the 1.6m telescope on Pico dos Dias Observatory. This research was partially based on observations collected at the Schmidt telescope 67/92 cm (Asiago, Italy) of the INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova. Funding from Spanish projects AYA2014-56637-C2-1-P, AYA2017-89637-R, from FEDER, and Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucia 2012-FQM1776 is acknowledged. We would like to acknowledge financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-RTI2018-098657-JI00 "LEO-SBNAF" (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and the financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award for the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV- 2017-0709). Part of the research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant agreement no. 687378 and from the ERC programme under Grant Agreement no. 669416 Lucky Star. The following authors acknowledge the respective CNPq grants: FB-R 309578/2017-5; RV-M 304544/2017-5, 401903/2016-8; J.I.B.C. 308150/2016-3; MA 427700/2018-3, 310683/2017-3, 473002/2013-2. This study was financed in part by the CoordenacAo de Aperfeiacoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 and the National Institute of Science and Technology of the e-Universe project (INCT do e-Universo, CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). GBR acknowledges CAPES-FAPERJ/PAPDRJ grant E26/203.173/2016, MA FAPERJ grant E-26/111.488/2013 and ARGJr FAPESP grant 2018/11239-8. E.F.-V. acknowledges support from the 2017 Preeminent Postdoctoral Program (P3) at UCF. C.K., R.S., A.F-T., and G.M. have been supported by the K-125015 and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00003 grants of the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH), Hungary. G.M. was also supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH) grant PD-128 360. R.K. and T.P. were supported by the VEGA 2/0031/18 grant. We acknowledge the use of Occult software by D. Herald.

Published
2020
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2. Lower atmosphere and pressure evolution on Pluto from ground-based stellar occultations, 1988–2016

Author

Jean Lecacheux, Michaël Gillon, Jean Manfroid, Josselin Desmars, Robert R. Howell, T. R. Marsh, G. Benedetti-Rossi, J. G. Greenhill, A. Dias-Oliveira, Ilan Manulis, G. Wortmann, K. M. Ivarsen, J.-E. Communal, S. Renner, F. Vachier, L. Tzouganatos, M. Irzyk, P. Machado, M. Harnisch, Lawrence H. Wasserman, J. Broughton, V. Lorenzi, W. H. Allen, W. Beisker, G. Murawsky, A. Magazzu, David Polishook, J. Marques Oliveira, A. R. Gomes-Junior, M. Conti, J. P. Godard, M. Lavayssière, G. Krannich, Lawrence A. Molnar, Federica B. Bianco, S. de Visscher, Leslie A. Young, Maxime Devogele, Marcelo Assafin, Alessandro Marchini, B. Kattentidt, P. Barroy, G. Dangl, A. Eberle, J. B. Haislip, K. M. Hill, Nora Morales, Andrew A. Cole, P. Enskonatus, B. Loader, Emilio Molinari, V. S. Dhillon, O. Klös, M. Ait Moulay Larbi, Bruno Sicardy, Tanguy Bertrand, Richard Querel, K. Walzel, Diane Berard, P. Lindner, J. P. Rivet, Y. Moulane, L. Di Fabrizio, Rene Duffard, D. Vérilhac, G. McKay, Raoul Behrend, Emmanuel Jehin, Fabio Salvaggio, Greg Bolt, Ricardo Gil-Hutton, J. Milner, Martin Jelínek, J. Sérot, D. Vernet, Kosmas Gazeas, F. Signoret, K. L. Bath, A. C. Gilmore, E. Lellouch, D. Herald, A. Selva, D. Lanoiselée, M. Boutet, Ph. Bendjoya, Shai Kaspi, E. Meza, John Talbot, S. P. Littlefair, Alain Maury, Roberto Vieira-Martins, Marc W. Buie, F. Jabet, S. Kerr, A. Román, Thomas Widemann, C. Opitom, R. Zanmar Sanchez, P. B. Graham, E. Frappa, Catherine B. Olkin, H.-J. Bode, H. Eichler, J. De Queiroz, K. Lindner, A. P. LaCluyze, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, D. Gault, Alain Doressoundiram, François Forget, Riccardo Papini, T. Dobosz, B. E. Morgado, J. Rovira, B. Lade, Daniel E. Reichart, O. Faragó, R. Jansen, Luigi Mancini, A. Noschese, Noah Brosch, Felipe Braga-Ribas, A. Daassou, H. Pavlov, A. Carbognani, S. Todd, F. Colas, Y. El Azhari, C. Peterson, V. Tsamis, M. Bretton, J. Hattenbach, F. Ciabattari, Rodrigo Leiva, C. Veillet, A. J. Castro Tirado, Joe Pollock, R. Naves, Pablo Santos-Sanz, D. Hampf, D. Neel, J. L. Ortiz, S. Alonso, L. Abe, P. M. Kilmartin, Julio Camargo, J. M. Ohlert, D. Gloistein, K. Tigani, F. Marchis, M. Dohrmann, Richard G. French, Ronan Cunniffe, T. Janik, Tamás Tordai, E. F. Young, S. Parker, G. Bonnoli, A. Pennell, M. Kretlow, P. Sogorb, Z. Moravec, W. Rothe, C. Perelló, K. Guhl, A. B. Giles, B. Gährken, Françoise Roques, Valentin D. Ivanov, Giuseppe Leto, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Observatório Nacional/MCT, Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), UZEI PRAGUE CZE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute (STAR), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Boone], Appalachian State University, University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universidad Nacional de San Juan (UNSJ), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Kuriwa Observatory, Astronomical Association of Queensland (AAQ), Euraster, Observatoire de Dax, Cardiff School of European Studies (CSES), Cardiff University, Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fundació Privada Observatori Esteve Duran, The Wise Observatory and The Raymond & Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Wise Observatory and Department of geophysics and planetary sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Stockport Observatory, Occultation Section [Wellington], Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand, Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau (FIZEAU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Institut Pascal (IP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Astronomical Union of Sparta [Sparta], Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée - UR UPJV 2081 (LPMC), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), PEIRENE (PEIRENE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Obervatoire des Baronnies Provençales (OBP), Observatorio Montcabre, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, ARG, AUS, AUT, BEL, BRA, CHL, GRC, ISR, MAR, NZL, POL, PRT, CZE, CHE, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universidad Nacional de San Juan [Argentine] (UNSJ), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil)

Subjects
planets and satellites: physical evolution, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Orbital eccentricity, Context (language use), Surface pressure, Atmospheric sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, planets and satellites: terrestrial planets, Atmosphere, techniques: photometric, Altitude, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, methods: observational, methods: data analysis, planets and satellites: atmospheres, observational [Methods], data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, physical evolution [Planets and satellites], Optical depth, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, methods: observational, methods: data analysis, planets and satellites: atmospheres, techniques: photometric, planets and satellites: physical evolution, planets and satellites: terrestrial planets, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, photometric [Techniques], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Albedo, Pluto, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, terrestrial planets [Planets and satellites], atmospheres [Planets and satellites], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Geology, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

This article is dedicated to the memory of H.-J. Bode, J. G. Greenhill and O. Faragó for their long-standing support and participation to occultation campaigns. The work leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community’s H2020 2014-2020 ERC Grant Agreement n° 669416 “Lucky Star”. E.M. thanks support from Concytec-Fondecyt-PE and GA, FC-UNI for providing support during the 2012 July 18 occultation. B.S. thanks S. Para for partly supporting this research though a donation, J. P. Beaulieu for helping us accessing to the Hobart Observatory facilities and B. Warner, B. L. Gary, C. Erickson, H. Reitsema, L. Albert, P. J. Merritt, T. Hall, W. J. Romanishin, Y. J. Choi for providing data during the 2007 March 18 occultation. M.A. thanks CNPq (Grants 427700/2018-3, 310683/2017-3 and 473002/2013-2) and FAPERJ (Grant E-26/111.488/2013). J.L.O. thanks support from grant AYA2017-89637-R. P.S.S. acknowledges financial support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no 687378, as part of the project “Small Bodies Near and Far” (SBNAF). J.L.O., R.D., P.S.S. and N.M. acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). F.B.R. acknowledges CNPq support process 309578/2017-5. G.B.R. thanks support from the grant CAPES-FAPERJ/PAPDRJ (E26/203.173/2016). J.I.B.C. acknowledges CNPq grant 308150/2016-3. R.V.M. thanks the grants: CNPq-304544/2017-5, 401903/2016-8, and Faperj: PAPDRJ-45/2013 and E-26/203.026/2015. B.M. thanks the CAPES/Cofecub-394/2016-05 grant and CAPES/Brazil – Finance Code 001. B.M. and A.R.G.J. were financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liège, in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech (Morocco). TRAPPIST-South is a project funded by the Belgian Fonds (National) de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F, with the participation of the Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS/SNSF). VSD, SPL, TRM and ULTRACAM are all supported by the STFC. K.G. acknowledges help from the team of Archenhold-Observatory, Berlin, and A.R. thanks G. Román (Granada) for help during the observation of the 2016 July 19 occultation. A.J.C.T. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry Project AYA2015-71718-R (including EU funds). We thank Caisey Harlingten for the repeated use of his 50 cm telescopes in San Pedro de Atacama, Chile. We thank the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundación Galileo Galilei of the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. L.M. acknowledges support from the Italian Minister of Instruction, University and Research (MIUR) through FFABR 2017 fund and support from the University of Rome Tor Vergata through “Mission: Sustainability 2016” fund. The Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley (OAVdA) is managed by the Fondazione Clément Fillietroz-ONLUS, which is supported by the Regional Governmentof the Aosta Valley, the Town Municipality of Nus and the “Unité des Communes valdôtaines Mont-Émilius”. The research was partially funded by a 2016 “Research and Education”s grant from Fondazione CRT. We thank D.P. Hinson for his constructive and detailed comments that helped to improve this article., Context. The tenuous nitrogen (N2) atmosphere on Pluto undergoes strong seasonal effects due to high obliquity and orbital eccentricity, and has recently (July 2015) been observed by the New Horizons spacecraft. Aims. The main goals of this study are (i) to construct a well calibrated record of the seasonal evolution of surface pressure on Pluto and (ii) to constrain the structure of the lower atmosphere using a central flash observed in 2015. Methods. Eleven stellar occultations by Pluto observed between 2002 and 2016 are used to retrieve atmospheric profiles (density, pressure, temperature) between altitude levels of ~5 and ~380 km (i.e. pressures from ~ 10 μbar to 10 nbar). Results. (i) Pressure has suffered a monotonic increase from 1988 to 2016, that is compared to a seasonal volatile transport model, from which tight constraints on a combination of albedo and emissivity of N2 ice are derived. (ii) A central flash observed on 2015 June 29 is consistent with New Horizons REX profiles, provided that (a) large diurnal temperature variations (not expected by current models) occur over Sputnik Planitia; and/or (b) hazes with tangential optical depth of ~0.3 are present at 4–7 km altitude levels; and/or (c) the nominal REX density values are overestimated by an implausibly large factor of ~20%; and/or (d) higher terrains block part of the flash in the Charon facing hemisphere., European Research Council under the European Community’s H2020 2014-2020 ERC Grant Agreement n° 669416 “Lucky Star”, Grants 427700/2018-3, 310683/2017-3 and 473002/2013-2) and FAPERJ (Grant E-26/111.488/2013), Grant AYA2017-89637-R. P.S.S. acknowledges financial support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no 687378, as part of the project “Small Bodies Near and Far” (SBNAF), Financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), Support process 309578/2017-5. G.B.R. thanks support from the grant CAPES-FAPERJ/PAPDRJ (E26/203.173/2016). J.I.B.C. acknowledges CNPq grant 308150/2016-3. R.V.M. thanks the grants: CNPq-304544/2017-5, 401903/2016-8, and Faperj: PAPDRJ-45/2013 and E-26/203.026/2015. B.M. thanks the CAPES/Cofecub-394/2016-05 grant and CAPES/Brazil – Finance Code 001., Grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F, with the participation of the Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS/SNSF), Support from the Spanish Ministry Project AYA2015-71718-R (including EU funds), Support from the Italian Minister of Instruction, University and Research (MIUR) through FFABR 2017 fund and support from the University of Rome Tor Vergata through “Mission: Sustainability 2016” fund

Published
2019

3. The size, shape, density and ring of the dwarf planet Haumea from a stellar occultation

Author

Valerio Nascimbeni, J. Lecacheux, Toni Santana-Ros, Agustín Sánchez-Lavega, Pablo Santos-Sanz, L. Nerli, D. T. Koseoglu, Frédéric Vachier, V. Peris, Przemyslaw Bartczak, R. Komžík, Eda Sonbas, Cs. Kiss, Gábor Marton, C. Ries, Yavuz Güney, Marcelo Assafin, Martina Maestripieri, Josselin Desmars, T. G. Mueller, Osman Demircan, O. Erece, V. Granata, A. R. Gomes-Júnior, Francesco Marzari, Ulrich Hopp, Cahit Yeşilyaprak, N. Paschalis, A. Campo Bagatin, B. Gaehrken, Paolo Bacci, V. Tsamis, O. Satir, F. Martinelli, F. L. Rommel, Santiago Pérez-Hoyos, F. Ciabattari, R. Iglesias-Marzoa, Stefano Mottola, Ricardo Hueso, Julio Camargo, Herman Mikuz, Françoise Roques, Mohammad Shameoni Niaei, Mauro Bachini, Vassilis Charmandaris, Jose Luis Ortiz, A. Takácsné Farkas, András Pál, A. Carbognani, L. Tzouganatos, Giuseppe Leto, Aleksandar Cikota, G. Benedetti-Rossi, Roberto Vieira-Martins, Nicolás Morales, José M. Madiedo, Bruno Sicardy, Róbert Szakáts, B. E. Morgado, Theodor Pribulla, Estela Fernández-Valenzuela, M. Butkiewicz-Bąk, Afşar Kabaş, Alvaro Alvarez-Candal, Giacomo Succi, Jérôme Berthier, J. Alikakos, Ç. Püsküllü, Kamil Hornoch, W. Beisker, E. Meza, Stefan Cikota, T. Ozisik, E. Varga-Verebélyi, J. M. Christille, J. C. Guirado, Grzegorz Dudziński, L. Mazzei, J. M. Ohlert, Rene Duffard, Raoul Behrend, S. Kalkan, A. Marciniak, N. Karaman, S. Hellmich, Kosmas Gazeas, Victor Ali-Lagoa, Ozan Ünsalan, Felipe Braga-Ribas, François Colas, Petr Pravec, Diane Berard, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física, Ingeniería de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Astronomía y Astrofísica, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Observatório Nacional/MCT, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Ondřejov Observatory of the Prague Astronomical Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centro Astronomico di Libbiano, Associazione Astrofili Alta Valdera, Istituto di Informatica e Telematica (IIT-CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Occultation Timing Association European Section (IOTA ES), International Occultation Timing Association European Section, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), IESL, Osserv Astrofis Catania, Ist Nazl Astrofis, TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Astronomical Observatory [Poznan], Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics Panepistimiopolis (DAAMP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Astronomical Union of Sparta [Sparta], University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Departamento de Fı'sica Aplicada I, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Bilbao, Observatorio Astronomico de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, European Commission, European Research Council, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Generalitat Valenciana, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), L2EP - Équipe Réseaux, Laboratoire d’Électrotechnique et d’Électronique de Puissance - ULR 2697 (L2EP), Centrale Lille-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centrale Lille-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), University of Geneva [Switzerland], University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), Laboratoire d’Électrotechnique et d’Électronique de Puissance - EA 2697 (L2EP), Ecole Centrale de Lille-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Athens [Greece] (UOA), and Universitat de València (UV)-Observatorio Astronomico de Valencia

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, European community, Trans Neptunian Object, Dwarf planet, Haumea, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, shape, 01 natural sciences, size, dwarf planet, Neptune, Física Aplicada, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], density, 2003 EL61, Kuiper-belt, photometric-observations, collisional family, object, bodies, albedo, satellites, Uranus, Dwarf planets, Multidisciplinary, European research, Asteroid, Trans-Neptunian, Astronomy, Stellar occultation, Moons of Haumea, stellar occultation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ring, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Ortiz, José Luis et. al., Haumea-one of the four known trans-Neptunian dwarf planets- is a very elongated and rapidly rotating body1-3. In contrast to other dwarf planets4-6, its size, shape, albedo and density are not well constrained. The Centaur Chariklo was the first body other than a giant planet known to have a ring system7, and the Centaur Chiron was later found to possess something similar to Chariklo's rings8,9. Here we report observations from multiple Earth-based observatories of Haumea passing in front of a distant star (a multichord stellar occultation). Secondary events observed around the main body of Haumea are consistent with the presence of a ring with an opacity of 0.5, width of 70 kilometres and radius of about 2,287 kilometres. The ring is coplanar with both Haumea's equator and the orbit of its satellite Hi'iaka. The radius of the ring places it close to the 3:1 mean-motion resonance with Haumea's spin period-that is, Haumea rotates three times on its axis in the time that a ring particle completes one revolution. The occultation by the main body provides an instantaneous elliptical projected shape with axes of about 1,704 kilometres and 1,138 kilometres. Combined with rotational light curves, the occultation constrains the three-dimensional orientation of Haumea and its triaxial shape, which is inconsistent with a homogeneous body in hydrostatic equilibrium. Haumea's largest axis is at least 2,322 kilometres, larger than previously thought, implying an upper limit for its density of 1,885 kilograms per cubic metre and a geometric albedo of 0.51, both smaller than previous estimates1,10,11. In addition, this estimate of the density of Haumea is closer to that of Pluto than are previous estimates, in line with expectations. No global nitrogen- or methane-dominated atmosphere was detected.© 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved., J.L.O. acknowledges funding from Spanish and Andalusian grants MINECO AYA-2014-56637-C2-1-P and J. A. 2012-FQM1776 as well as FEDER funds. Part of the research leading to these results received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant agreement no. 687378. B.S. acknowledges support from the French grants 'Beyond Neptune' ANR-08-BLAN-0177 and 'Beyond Neptune II' ANR-11-1S56-0002. Part of the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's H2020 (2014-2020/ERG grant agreement no. 669416 'Lucky Star'). A.P. and R.S. have been supported by the grant LP2012-31 of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. All of the Hungarian contributors acknowledge the partial support from K-125015 grant of the National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH). G.B.-R., F.B.-R., F.L.R., R.V.-M., J.I.B.C., M.A., A.R.G.-J. and B.E.M. acknowledge support from CAPES, CNPq and FAPERJ. J.C.G. acknowledges funding from AYA2015-63939-C2-2-P and from the Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEOII/2014/057. K.H. and P.P. were supported by the project RVO:67985815. The Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley acknowledges a Shoemaker NEO Grant 2013 from The Planetary Society. We acknowledge funds from a 2016 'Research and Education' grant from Fondazione CRT. We also acknowledge the Slovakian project ITMS no. 26220120029.

Published
2017

4. The PHEMU09 catalogue and astrometric results of the observations of the mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter made in 2009

Author

M. I. Varfolomeev, Nello Ruocco, J. Prost, J. Garlitz, Brian Loader, A. Amossé, J. Mcfarland, C. Druon, Christian Napoli, J. Grismore, A. Sonka, M. Unwin, D. N. da Silva Neto, C. Lopresti, Alexios Liakos, J. Rovira, S. Degenhardt, G. Estraviz, S. Combe, A. Douvris, R. Vieira-Martins, G. Dourneau, J. F. Le Campion, A. Dias-Oliveira, Marcelo Assafin, E. Tontodonati, F. Bragas-Ribas, N. I. Koshkin, Zheng-Hong Tang, Shaolin Li, H. Pavlov, Benoît Noyelles, Andrea Marchini, T. Pauwels, L. Shakun, G. Sbarufatti, F. Colas, Brad Timerson, R. Maulella, J. Vilar, S. Yu. Gorda, M. Ishida, M. Delcroix, K. Miyashita, M. Constantinescu, D. F. Guo, Gennaro Marino, V. Priban, C. K. Ellington, R. Venable, K. Tigani, Gianluca Masi, C. Perelló, D. Gault, E. Lo Savio, Shilong Liao, V. G. Tejfel, M. Ida, A. Collard, R. Zambelli, F. Casarramona, T. George, J. P. Rousselle, P. Farissier, Fabio Salvaggio, L. Barbieri, C. Arena, S. Bolzoni, A. Scheck, G. Dangl, D. Herald, John Talbot, B. Klemt, Jean-Eudes Arlot, William Thuillot, Q. Y. Peng, Ricard Casas, R. Ruisi, P. De Cat, N. V. Sinyaeva, V. Tsamis, A. V. Ivanov, P. Vingerhoets, C. Sciuto, H. Watanabe, H. X. Yin, A. Farmakopoulos, Yong Yu, Apostolos A. Christou, Julio Camargo, A. Sofia, S. Razemon, N. V. Emelyanov, A. Massalle, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Association Jonckheere-Les Amis de l’Observatoire de Lille [Lille] (AJAOL), Gruppo Astrofili Catanesi [Catania] (GAC), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Associazione Astrofili Bolognesi [Bologna] (AAB), Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Agrupació Astronómica de Sabadell [Sabadell], Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Armagh Observatory [Armagh], Club d'Astronomie Lyon Ampéré [Vaulx-en-Velin] (CALA), Observatorul Astronomic 'Amiral Vasile Urseanu' [Bucharest], Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), M2A 2014, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Astronomical Union of Sparta [Sparta], Ural Federal University [Ekaterinburg] (UrFU), Shandong University at Weihai [Weihai], The Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences [Pulkovo], Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Astronomical observatory of Odessa National University [Odessa], Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University, Department of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics [Kapodistrian Univ], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [Shanghai] (SHAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Istituto Spezzino Ricerche Astronomiche [La Spezia] (IRAS), Astronomical Observatory [Siena], Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), Namur Center for Complex Systems [Namur] (NaXys), Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Jinan University [Guangzhou], Observatory and Planetarium Praha [Prague], Organizzazione Ricerche e Studi di Astronomia [Palermo], Gruppo Astrofili di Piacenza [Piacenza], Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste [Rio de Janeiro] (UEZO), Fessenkov Astrophysical Institute [Almaty], Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand [Waikanae], Associazione Iblea Divulgazione Astronomica [Ragusa], Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lomonosov Moscow State University ( MSU ), Association Jonckheere-Les Amis de l’Observatoire de Lille [Lille] ( AJAOL ), Gruppo Astrofili Catanesi [Catania] ( GAC ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] ( UFRJ ), Associazione Astrofili Bolognesi [Bologna] ( AAB ), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] ( ICE-CSIC ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Club d'Astronomie Lyon Ampéré [Vaulx-en-Velin] ( CALA ), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux ( L3AB ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] ( LAB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Ural Federal University [Ekaterinburg] ( UrFU ), Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences [Pulkovo], Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), Astronomical observatory of Odessa State University [Odessa], Odessa State University [Odessa], Department of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Mechanics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [Shanghai] ( SHAO ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Istituto Spezzino Ricerche Astronomiche [La Spezia] ( IRAS ), Università di siena 1240 [Siena], Namur Center for Complex Systems [Namur] ( NaXys ), Université de Namur [Namur], Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste [Rio de Janeiro] ( UEZO ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Context (language use), Astrophysics, Equinox, Large databases, Signal Analysis, computer aided modeling, astronomical databases: miscellaneous, Ephemeris, 01 natural sciences, eclipses, Jupiter, EPHEMERIDES, symbols.namesake, ASTRONOMICAL SATELLITES, Astronomical databases: miscellaneous, Eclipses, Ephemerides, Occultations, Planets and satellites: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, occultations, MISCELLANEOUS [ASTRONOMICAL DATABASES], GENERAL [PLANETS AND SATELLITES], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, PHOTOMETRY, ephemerides, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, planets and satellites: general, ECLIPSES, Galilean moons, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, OCCULTATIONS, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, ORBITS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], SATELLITES
Abstract

Context. In 2009, the Sun and the Earth passed through the equatorial plane of Jupiter and therefore the orbital planes of its main satellites. It was the equinox on Jupiter. This occurrence made mutual occultations and eclipses between the satellites possible. Experience has shown that the observations of such events provide accurate astrometric data able to bring new information on the dynamics of the Galilean satellites. Observations are made under the form of photometric measurements, but need to be made through the organization of a worldwide observation campaign maximizing the number and the quality of the data obtained. Aims. This work focuses on processing the complete database of photometric observations of the mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter made during the international campaign in 2009. The final goal is to derive new accurate astrometric data. Methods. We used an accurate photometric model of mutual events adequate with the accuracy of the observation. Our original method was applied to derive astrometric data from photometric observations of mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. Results. We processed the 457 lightcurves obtained during the international campaign of photometric observations of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter in 2009. Compared with the theory, for successful observations, the r.m.s. of O-C residuals are equal to 45.8 mas and 81.1 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively; the mean O-C residuals are equal to -2 mas and -9 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively, for mutual occultations; and -6 mas and +1 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively, for mutual eclipses. © ESO, 2014. Arlot J.-E. 1 Emelyanov N. 2 1 Varfolomeev M. I. 2 Amossé A. 3 Arena C. 4 Assafin M. 40 Barbieri L. 5 Bolzoni S. 6 Bragas-Ribas F. 54 Camargo J. I. B. 54 Casarramona F. 8 Casas R. 37 Christou A. 9 Colas F. 1 Collard A. 3 Combe S. 10 Constantinescu M. 11 Dangl G. 12 De Cat P. 34 Degenhardt S. 13 Delcroix M. 14 Dias-Oliveira A. 54 Dourneau G. 15 57 Douvris A. 16 Druon C. 3 Ellington C. K. 17 Estraviz G. 8 Farissier P. 10 Farmakopoulos A. 16 Garlitz J. 18 Gault D. 19 George T. 20 Gorda S. Yu. 42 Grismore J. 21 Guo D. F. 22 Herald D. 56 Ida M. 23 Ishida M. 23 Ivanov A. V. 24 Klemt B. 7 Koshkin N. 25 Le Campion J. F. 15 57 Liakos A. 26 Liao S. L. 27 Li S. N. 27 Loader B. 28 Lopresti C. 29 Lo Savio E. 4 Marchini A. 30 Marino G. 4 Masi G. 53 Massallé A. 8 Maulella R. 29 McFarland J. 9 Miyashita K. 32 Napoli C. 4 Noyelles B. 33 1 3 Pauwels T. 34 Pavlov H. 35 Peng Q. Y. 36 Perelló C. 8 Priban V. 38 Prost J. 39 Razemon S. 3 Rousselle J. P. 3 ⋆ Rovira J. 8 Ruisi R. 41 Ruocco N. 31 Salvaggio F. 4 Sbarufatti G. 43 Shakun L. 25 Scheck A. 44 Sciuto C. 4 da Silva Neto D. N. 55 V Sinyaeva N. 45 Sofia A. 4 Sonka A. 11 Talbot J. 46 Tang Z. H. 27 Tejfel V. G. 45 Thuillot W. 1 Tigani K. 16 Timerson B. 47 Tontodonati E. 48 Tsamis V. 16 Unwin M. 49 Venable R. 50 Vieira-Martins R. 54 1 40 Vilar J. 51 Vingerhoets P. 34 Watanabe H. 52 Yin H. X. 22 Yu Y. 27 Zambelli R. 29 1 Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides-Observatoire de Paris, UMR 8028 CNRS, UPMC, USTL , 77 avenue Denfert-Rochereau , 75014 Paris , France 2 Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia 3 Association Jonckheere-Les Amis de l’Observatoire de Lille, 1 Impasse de l’Observatoire , 59000 Lille , France 4 Gruppo Astrofili Catanesi , 95128 Catania , Italy 5 Associazione Astrofili Bolognesi , 95128 Bologna , Italy 6 viale L.Pirandello, 26 , 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA) , Italy 7 Im Erlenhof 2a , 51429 Bergisch Gladbach , Germany 8 Agrupació Astronómica de Sabadell, Carrer Prat de la Riba, s/n, 08206 Sabadell , Catalonia , Spain 9 Armagh Observatory , College Hill , Armagh BT61 9DG , UK 10 CALA, Place de la nation , 69120 Vaulx-en-Velin , France 11 Observatorul Astronomic Amiral Vasile Urseanu , no.21, Lascar Catargiu Boulevard , 71111 Bucharest , Romania 12 Nonndorf 12 , 3830 , Austria 13 2112 Maple Leaf Trail , Columbia , TN , 38401 , USA 14 2 rue de l’Ardèche , 31170 Tournefeuille , France 15 Univ. Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804 , 33270 Floirac , France 16 Astronomical Union of Sparta , 23100 Sparta , Greece 17 Plantation, FL , USA 18 1155 Hartford St Elgin , Oregon 97827 , USA 19 22 Booker Road , Hawkesbury Heights NSW 2777 , Australia 20 136 Rio Senda , Umatilla , Oregon 97882 , USA 21 Bartlesville , Oklahoma , USA 22 Shandong University at Weihai , 264209 Weihai , PR China 23 1-4-17, Okino, Higashi-Ohmi , 527-0034 Shiga , Japan 24 Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg , Pulkovo , Russia 25 Astronomical observatory of Odessa University , Marazlievskaya st. 1-B , Odessa , Ukraine 26 Department of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics, University of Athens , 15784 Zografos , Athens , Greece 27 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 200030 Shanghai , PR China 28 14 Craigieburn Street , 7510 Darfield , New Zealand 29 Istituto Spezzino Ricerche Astronomiche , 19125 La Spezia , Italy 30 Astronomical Observatory University of Siena , 53100 Siena , Italy 31 Astrocampania , 80063 Piano di Sorrento , Italy 32 4368-1, Akashina-Nanaki, Azumino, 399-7104 Nagano , Japan 33 University of Namur , NAmur Center for CompleX SYStems (naXys), Rempart de la Vierge 8 , 5000 Namur , Belgium 34 Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België, Ringlaan 3 , 1180 Brussels , Belgium 35 45/192 Vimiera Rd , Marsfield , NSW 2122 , Australia 36 Department of computer Science, Jinan University , 510632 Guangzhou , PR China 37 Institut de Ciéncies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, Facultat de Ciéncies , Torre C5 parell 2n pis, 08193 Bellaterra , Catalonia , Spain 38 Observatory and Planetarium Praha , Kralovska obora 233 170 21 Praha 7 , Czech Republic 39 26 impasse des Forsythias , 06560 Valbonne , France 40 Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ , Ladeira Pedro Antonio 43, RJ 23. 070-200 Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 41 Organizzazione Ricerche e Studi di Astronomia , Palermo , Italy 42 Kourovskaya observatory of the Ural Federal University , Prospect Lenina 51 , 620000 Ecaterinbourg , Russia 43 Gruppo Astrofili di Piacenza , Italy 44 Scaggsville , Maryland , USA 45 Fessenkov Astrophysical Institute , Alma-Ata , Kazakhstan 46 RASNZ Occultation Section, 3 Hughes Street , Waikanae Beach , New Zealand 47 Newark , New York , USA 48 Associazione Iblea Divulgazione Astronomica , 497100 Ragusa , Italy 49 9 Payling Lane, 8052 Christchurch , Christchurch , New Zealand 50 PO Box 117 , Chester , GA 31012 , USA 51 8 rue des Ormes , 67450 Mundolsheim , France 52 281, Kasadashinden, Inabe , Mie , 511-0205 , Japan 53 Virtual Telescope Project , Via Madonna de Loco 47 , 03023 Ceccano (FR) , Italy 54 Observatorio Nacional/MCTI , R. General Jose Cristino 77, RJ 20. 921-400 Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 55 Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste , Av. Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga 1203, RJ 23. 070-200 Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 56 3 Lupin Pl , Murrumbateman , NSW 2582 , Australia 57 CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804 , 33270 Floirac , France ⋆ J. P. Rousselle died in 2009. e-mail: Jean-Eudes.Arlot@imcce.fr 09 12 2014 09 12 2014 12 2014 572 aa/2014/12 A120 20 3 2014 15 5 2014 © ESO, 2014 2014 ESO Context. In 2009, the Sun and the Earth passed through the equatorial plane of Jupiter and therefore the orbital planes of its main satellites. It was the equinox on Jupiter. This occurrence made mutual occultations and eclipses between the satellites possible. Experience has shown that the observations of such events provide accurate astrometric data able to bring new information on the dynamics of the Galilean satellites. Observations are made under the form of photometric measurements, but need to be made through the organization of a worldwide observation campaign maximizing the number and the quality of the data obtained. Aims. This work focuses on processing the complete database of photometric observations of the mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter made during the international campaign in 2009. The final goal is to derive new accurate astrometric data. Methods. We used an accurate photometric model of mutual events adequate with the accuracy of the observation. Our original method was applied to derive astrometric data from photometric observations of mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. Results. We processed the 457 lightcurves obtained during the international campaign of photometric observations of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter in 2009. Compared with the theory, for successful observations, the r.m.s. of O–C residuals are equal to 45.8 mas and 81.1 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively; the mean O–C residuals are equal to –2 mas and –9 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively, for mutual occultations; and –6 mas and +1 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively, for mutual eclipses. astronomical databases: miscellaneous planets and satellites: general occultations eclipses ephemerides idline A&A 572, A120 (2014) cover_date December 2014 first_month 12 last_month 12 first_year 2014 last_year 2014 This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 12-02-00294), by The European contract ESPaCE (FP7-grant agreement 263466), by the Scientific Council of Paris Observatory, by the CNRS PICS 3840 France-Russia, by the Programme National de Planétologie (CNES and CNRS) and by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No 11273014) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

Published
2014

5. Astrometric results of observations of mutual occultations and eclipses of the Saturnian satellites in 2009

Author

D. L. Gorshanov, O. Dechambre, Ricard Casas, A. Sergeev, A. Murphy, Brian Loader, G. Dourneau, F. Colas, A. Kurenya, A. Farmakopoulos, Marcelo Assafin, V. Kozlov, Julio Camargo, J. F. Le Campion, A. Dias-Oliveira, P. Valdes Sada, D. N. da Silva Neto, V. Tsamis, X. Zhang, D. Gault, J. Lecacheux, N. V. Emelyanov, Dave Herald, Apostolos A. Christou, Felipe Braga-Ribas, A. Massalle, R. Vieira-Martins, Jean-Eudes Arlot, T. George, N. Parakhin, Maksim V. Andreev, C. Schnabel, Valery Lainey, Alexandre Roman-Lopes, M. Mc Brien, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatorio Nacional/MCT, Observatório Nacional/MCT, Observatório do Valongo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Ladeira do Pedro Antônio, Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste (UEZO), Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste, M2A 2012, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), International Occulting and Timing Association (IOTA), International Occulting and Timing Association, Pulkovo Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Canberra Astronomical Society, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability, Context (language use), Ephemeris, 01 natural sciences, Geocentric coordinates, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, occultations, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrometry, Position angle, Light curve, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Space and Planetary Science, astrometry, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Right ascension, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], catalogs
Abstract

Context. The photometry of mutual occultations and eclipses of natural planetary satellites can be used to infer very accurate astrometric data. This can be achieved by processing the light curves of the satellites observed during international campaigns of photometric observations of these mutual events. Aims. This work focuses on processing the complete database of photometric observations of the mutual occultations and eclipses of the Uranian satellites made during the international campaign in 2007. The final goal is to derive new accurate astrometric data. Methods. We used an accurate photometric model of mutual events that explicitly depends on parameters that these accurate observations should be sensitive to, including the albedos of the satellites. Our original method is applied to derive astrometric data in relative positions from photometric observations of mutual occultations and eclipses of the Uranian satellites. Results. We process the 41 light-curves obtained during the international campaign of photometric observations of the Uranian satellites in 2007. The root-mean-square (rms) of the residuals “observations minus calculations” (O‐C) with respect to theory for the best 34 observations are equal to 10.3 and 17.7 mas in right ascension and declination, respectively. For five observations only the position angle was derived. Topocentric or heliocentric angular differences for satellites pairs were obtained from 25 central instant offsets between observation and theory during the time period from May 4, 2007 to January 4, 2008. Conclusions. The rms of the residuals is from 10 to 20 mas that corresponds in situ to 10 to 20 km. These mutual event observations appear to be the most accurate astrometric ground-based observations of the major Uranian satellites to-date and should be used for dynamical purposes.

Published
2012

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