Author: "Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS )" / Topic: 0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS )"' showing total 82 results

Start Over Author "Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS )" Topic 0105 earth and related environmental sciences

82 results on '"Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS )"'

1. Review: the energetic value of zooplankton and nekton species of the Southern Ocean

Author: Mary-Anne Lea, Jan A. van Franeker, F.L. Schaafsma, Hauke Flores, Ben Raymond, Anton Van de Putte, Yves Cherel, Wageningen Marine Research [The Netherlands], Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Marine life, Aquatic Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Zooplankton, Onderzoeksformatie, Ecosystemen, Life Science, Marine ecosystem, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, Review, Concept, and Synthesis, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Nekton, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, Food web, Benthic zone, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Understanding the energy flux through food webs is important for estimating the capacity of marine ecosystems to support stocks of living resources. The energy density of species involved in trophic energy transfer has been measured in a large number of small studies, scattered over a 40-year publication record. Here, we reviewed energy density records of Southern Ocean zooplankton, nekton and several benthic taxa, including previously unpublished data. Comparing measured taxa, energy densities were highest in myctophid fishes (ranging from 17.1 to 39.3 kJ g−1 DW), intermediate in crustaceans (7.1 to 25.3 kJ g−1 DW), squid (16.2 to 24.0 kJ g−1 DW) and other fish families (14.8 to 29.9 kJ g−1 DW), and lowest in jelly fish (10.8 to 18.0 kJ g−1 DW), polychaetes (9.2 to 14.2 kJ g−1 DW) and chaetognaths (5.0–11.7 kJ g−1 DW). Data reveals differences in energy density within and between species related to size, age and other life cycle parameters. Important taxa in Antarctic food webs, such as copepods, squid and small euphausiids, remain under-sampled. The variability in energy density of Electrona antarctica was likely regional rather than seasonal, although for many species with limited data it remains difficult to disentangle regional and seasonal variability. Models are provided to estimate energy density more quickly using a species’ physical parameters. It will become increasingly important to close knowledge gaps to improve the ability of bioenergetic and food web models to predict changes in the capacity of Antarctic ecosystems to support marine life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00227-018-3386-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Do benthic invertebrates use hyporheic refuges during streambed drying? A manipulative field experiment in nested hyporheic flowpaths

Author: D. Martin, Cécile Claret, Chafik Maazouzi, Bernard Cellot, Pierre Marmonier, Marie-José Dole-Olivier, Diana M. P. Galassi, Frank Fiers, Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] (UNIVAQ.IT), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ) -Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ) -Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés ( LEHNA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] ( UNIVAQ.IT ), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés ( LEHNA ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), and Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, River ecosystem, Riffle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Floodplain, Context (language use), Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, nested flowpaths, hyporheic exchanges, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Hyporheic zone, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hydrology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, geography, [ SDU.STU.GM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Baetis, Biota, geomorphology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, invertebrates, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, streambed drying, refuge, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The existence of resilience mechanisms related to a disturbance, such as invertebrate migrations into the hyporheic zone (HZ, saturated subsurface interstices), promotes persistence of benthic communities in river ecosystems. Water exchanges through the HZ, which influence the distribution of biota, are heterogeneous at different scales, determining nested hyporheic flowpaths. The effect of these nested exchanges on the use of the hyporheic refuges by benthic invertebrates is still unknown. We simulated streambed drying in a stream section where hydrological exchanges were considered at riffle (upstream or downstream of riffles) and floodplain (downstream end of a floodplain) scales. Physicochemical indicators determined that local hyporheic flowpaths (up-and downwelling zones) were nested in a large-scale downwelling section of the river. In this situation, the effect of 24 h of experimental drying on the distribution of invertebrates was examined at three sediment depths to follow their migrations into the HZ. Whereas invertebrate assemblages did not change in the control channel, abundance of benthic invertebrate increased in the HZ of the impact channel (up to seven-fold). Changes occurred rapidly (15-24 h) and only upstream of riffle where surface water down-welled. The migration was taxon-specific and concerned the most abundant benthic taxa that temporarily colonize the HZ (''temporary hyporheos,'' e.g., Leuctra cf. fusca, Baetis sp., Caenis sp., Orthocladiinae, Tanypodinae). In the context of climate change, hyporheic refuge use will promote persistence of communities facing the increasing frequency of extreme hydrological events. Improved knowledge about the distribution and function of these refuges is becoming crucial for river managers.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Benthic and fish aggregation inside an offshore wind farm: Which effects on the trophic web functioning?

Author: Aurore Raoux, Géraldine Lassalle, François Le Loc'h, Camille Le Guen, Nathalie Niquil, Jean-Philippe Pezy, Dan Wilhelmsson, Steven Degraer, Jean-Claude Dauvin, Karine Grangeré, Matilda Haraldsson, Bruno Ernande, Samuele Tecchio, Marie Cachera, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IFREMER Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques (IFREMER Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ressources halieutiques Manche Mer du nord, IFREMER Centre Manche Mer du Nord, (HMMN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ressources halieutiques Boulogne sur mer (LRHBL), Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord (HMMN), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière ( M2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux ( UR EABX ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) ( LEMAR ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), IFREMER Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques ( IFREMER Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Reef effect, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General Decision Sciences, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Wind farm, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Ecosystem model, Ecosystem-based approach, EcoSim, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, Biomass (ecology), [ SDU.STU.OC ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, 15. Life on land, Marine renewable energies, Food web, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Fishery, Offshore wind power, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Ecopath with Ecosim, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; As part of the energy transition, the French government is planning the construction of three offshore wind farms in Normandy (Bay of Seine and eastern part of the English Channel, northwestern France) in the next years. These offshore wind farms will be integrated into an ecosystem already facing multiple anthropogenic disturbances such as maritime transport, fisheries, oyster and mussel farming, and sediment dredging. Currently no integrated, ecosystem-based study on the effects of the construction and exploitation of offshore wind farms exists, where biological approaches generally focused on the conservation of some valuable species or groups of species. Complementary trophic web modelling tools were applied to the Bay of Seine ecosystem (to the 50 km 2 area covered by the wind farm) to analyse the potential impacts of benthos and fish aggregation caused by the introduction of additional hard substrates from the piles and the turbine scour protections. An Ecopath ecosystem model composed of 37 compartments, from phytoplankton to seabirds, was built to describe the situation " before " the construction of the wind farm. Then, an Ecosim projection over 30 years was performed after increasing the biomass of targeted benthic and fish compartments. Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) indices were calculated for the two periods, " before " and " after " , to compare network functioning and the overall structural properties of the food web. Our main results showed (1) that the total ecosystem activity, the overall system omnivory (proportion of generalist feeders), and the recycling increased after the construction of the wind farm; (2) that higher trophic levels such as piscivorous fish species, marine mammals, and seabirds responded positively to the aggregation of biomass on piles and turbine scour protections; and (3) a change in key-stone groups after the construction towards more structuring and dominant compartments. Nonetheless, these changes could be considered as limited impacts of the wind farm installation on this coastal trophic web structure and functioning.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. New fossils of Hyaenodonta (Mammalia) from the Eocene localities of Chambi (Tunisia) and Bir el Ater (Algeria), and the evolution of the earliest African hyaenodonts

Author: Laurent Marivaux, Essid El Mabrouk, Rim Temani, Wissem Marzougui, Monique Vianey-Liaud, Hayet Khayati Ammar, Floréal Solé, Rodolphe Tabuce, M’hammed Mahboubi, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Office National des Mines (ONM), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-08-JCJC-0017,PALASIAFRICA,Evolution de la Diversité Mammalienne d'Asie du Sud et d'Afrique durant le début du Cénozoïque : importance des facteurs environnementaux et biologiques(2008), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Office National des Mines, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Fossil Record, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Fauna, Holocene climatic optimum, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Taxon, Genus, Mammal, North african, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Paleogene, [ SDV.BID.SPT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Geology, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We present and describe new fossils from the Eocene North African localities of Chambi (Tunisia; late Ypresian or early Lutetian) and Bir el Ater (Algeria; latest Bartonian or earliest Priabonian). The specimens from Chambi allow recognizing two recently described hyainailourines: Furodon crocheti and Parvavorodon gheerbranti; these taxa were previously known from the Gour Lazib area (Algeria; late Ypresian or early Lutetian). The new material from Tunisia includes a fragmentary dentary of Parvavorodon that substantially supports the hyainailourine status of this genus and represents the oldest dentary fragment presently known for a juvenile of Hyaenodonta in Africa. The presence of Furodon and Parvavorodon in Chambi strengthens support for the hypothesis of contemporaneity of the Eocene Gour Lazib and Chambi mammal-bearing localities. In addition, the find of a typical teratodontine fourth premolar in Chambi testifies to the presence of a small representative of this group. The fossil record in Bir el Ater is scarcer than in Chambi. However, we recognize specimens attributable to a hyainailourine and a teratodontine. The latter is referred as Masrasector cf. ligabuei, and is the oldest record for this genus. We tentatively identify a modification of the hyaenodont fauna in the Maghreb after the “Early Eocene Climatic Optimum” (EECO). This faunal change might be related to the decrease of the global temperature after the EECO event. It appears contemporaneous of a drastic replacement in the composition of the mammal faunas in Africa. Finally, the end of the Eocene (Priabonian) shows an increase in the subfamilial richness amongst hyaenodonts.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. The macro- and megabenthic fauna on the continental shelf of the eastern Amundsen Sea, Antarctica

Author: Peter Enderlein, Chester J. Sands, Lenaïg G. Hemery, Mark O′Loughlin, Adrian G. Glover, Christopher L. Mah, Thomas Saucède, Tomás Munilla, Bruno David, Sammy De Grave, Katrin Linse, D. K.A. Barnes, Marc Eléaume, Huw J. Griffiths, Niki Davey, Benjamin Pierrat, Rafael Martín-Ledo, Angelika Brandt, Cédric d′Udekem d′Acoz, Jan M. Strugnell, British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg, National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research [Nelson] ( NIWA ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Museum of Natural History, Oxford University, Integrated Marine Information System ( IMIS ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution-National Museum of Natural History, Area de Zoología, Universidad de Extremadura, Laboratorio de Zoologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] ( UAB ), Marine Biology Section, Museum Victoria [Melbourne], Department of Genetics, La Trobe University [Melbourne]-La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Study funded by The Natural Environment Research Council., British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research [Nelson] (NIWA), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Integrated Marine Information System (IMIS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], and Universidad de Extremadura (UEX)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fauna, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Abundance, Abundance (ecology), Megafauna, 14. Life underwater, Transect, Southern Ocean, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDV.BID ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, geography, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Geology, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Pine Island, Benthic zone, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Megabenthos, Bay
Abstract: 11 pages; International audience; In 2008 the BIOPEARL II expedition on board of RRS James Clark Ross sailed to the eastern Amundsen Sea Embayment and Pine Island Bay, one of the least studied Antarctic continental shelf regions due to its remoteness and ice cover. A total of 37 Agassiz trawls were deployed at depth transects along the continental and trough slopes. A total of 5469 specimens, belonging to 32 higher taxonomic groups and more than 270 species, were collected. Species richness per station varied from 1 to 55. The benthic assemblages were dominated by echinoderms and clearly different to those in the Ross, Scotia and Weddell seas. Here we present the macro- and megafaunal assemblage structure, its species richness and the presence of several undescribed species.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Correlative and dynamic species distribution modelling for ecological predictions in the Antarctic: a cross-disciplinary concept

Author: Claude De Broyer, Benjamin Pierrat, John Turner, Huw J. Griffiths, William W. L. Cheung, Rémi Laffont, Damaris Zurell, Thomas Saucède, Melody S. Clark, Bruno Danis, Guido di Prisco, Martin J. Riddle, Bruno David, Cinzia Verde, Julian Gutt, Thomas J. Bracegridle, Lloyd S. Peck, Peter Convey, Zhaomin Wang, Volker Grimm, Department of Bentho-pelagic processes, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia ( UBC ), Antarctic biodiversity information facility, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Invertebrates, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council [Italy] ( CNR ), Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of British Columbia (UBC), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council [Italy] (CNR), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Department of Ecological Modelling [UFZ Leipzig], and Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Process (engineering), Context (language use), Oceanography, Environmental change, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, lcsh:Oceanography, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Ecoregion, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:GC1-1581, habitat suitability models, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, integrative modelling framework, spatially and temporally explicit modelling, macroecology, lcsh:GE1-350, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business.industry, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, Biosphere, 15. Life on land, Biodiversity hotspot, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Environmental niche modelling, spatially and temporally explicit modelling macroecology, Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: Developments of future scenarios of Antarctic ecosystems are still in their infancy, whilst predictions of the physical environment are recognized as being of global relevance and corresponding models are under continuous development. However, in the context of environmental change simulations of the future of the Antarctic biosphere are increasingly demanded by decision makers and the public, and are of fundamental scientific interest. This paper briefly reviews existing predictive models applied to Antarctic ecosystems before providing a conceptual framework for the further development of spatially and temporally explicit ecosystem models. The concept suggests how to improve approaches to relating species’ habitat description to the physical environment, for which a case study on sea urchins is presented. In addition, the concept integrates existing and new ideas to consider dynamic components, particularly information on the natural history of key species, from physiological experiments and biomolecular analyses. Thereby, we identify and critically discuss gaps in knowledge and methodological limitations. These refer to process understanding of biological complexity, the need for high spatial resolution oceanographic data from the entire water column, and the use of data from biomolecular analyses in support of such ecological approaches. Our goal is to motivate the research community to contribute data and knowledge to a holistic, Antarctic-specific, macroecological framework. Such a framework will facilitate the integration of theoretical and empirical work in Antarctica, improving our mechanistic understanding of this globally influential ecoregion, and supporting actions to secure this biodiversity hotspot and its ecosystem services.Keywords: Environmental change; integrative modelling framework; spatially and temporally explicit modelling macroecology; biodiversity; habitat suitability models(Published: 4 May 2012)Citation: Polar Research 2012, 31, 11091, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v31i0.11091 To access the supplementary material to this article: Supplementary Tables S1, S2, please see Supplementary Files in the column to the right (under Article Tools).
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Biodiversity change after climate-induced ice-shelf collapse in the Antarctic

Author: Maria Eugenia Manjón-Cabeza, Iain Barratt, Meike Meißner, Julian Gutt, Maarten Raes, Henri Robert, Jan Seiler, Antoine Grémare, Armin Rose, Craig R. Smith, Meike Scheidat, Américo Montiel, Karl-Hermann Kock, Hans-Werner Schenke, Elisabet Sañé Schepisi, Werner Dimmler, Thomas Saucède, Dorte Janussen, Enrique Isla, Stephanie Langner, Linn Sophia Lehnert, Eugene W. Domack, Cédric d'Udekem d'Acoz, Elaina Jorgensen, Pablo José López-Gonzáles, Olaf Heilmayer, Katrin Linse, Department of Bentho-pelagic processes, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Department of Geosciences, Hamilton College, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), FIELAX GmbH, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, School of Oceanography [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Institute for Sea Fisheries, Johann Heinrich von Thüne Institute, Research and Technology Centre, University of Kiel, Department of Physiology and Zoology, University of Sevilla, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Animal Biology, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Instituto de la Patagonia, Universidad de Magellanes, Marine Biology Section, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research [Wilhelmshaven, Allemagne] (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Financial support of ANT XXIII/8 Polarstern expedition by CAML, BIANZO II, UMAC, DFG and of L.M. Gould and N.B. Palmer expeditions by NSF., Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Queen's University [Belfast] ( QUB ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques ( EPOC ), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] ( ICM ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga], Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Senckenberg Research Institute, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Krill, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Ice shelf, 1st insights, Benthos, Antarctic Peninsula, Euphausia superba [Antarctic krill], Ecosystemen, Ecosystem, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, southern-ocean, biogeography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDV.BID ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, geography, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, deep-sea, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, aggregations, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pelagic zone, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Apex predators, Iceberg, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, western weddell sea, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, peninsula, Deep-sea species, species-diversity, impact, Pioneer species, ross sea, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Geology
Abstract: Julian Gutt ... et al. -- 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.024, The marine ecosystem on the eastern shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula was surveyed 5 and 12 years after the climate-induced collapse of the Larsen A and B ice shelves. An impoverished benthic fauna was discovered, that included deep-sea species presumed to be remnants from ice-covered conditions. The current structure of various ecosystem components appears to result from extremely different response rates to the change from an oligotrophic sub-ice-shelf ecosystem to a productive shelf ecosystem. Meiobenthic communities remained impoverished only inside the embayments. On local scales, macro- and mega-epibenthic diversity was generally low, with pioneer species and typical Antarctic megabenthic shelf species interspersed. Antarctic Minke whales and seals utilised the Larsen A/B area to feed on presumably newly established krill and pelagic fish biomass. Ecosystem impacts also extended well beyond the zone of ice-shelf collapse, with areas of high benthic disturbance resulting from scour by icebergs discharged from the Larsen embayments, Financial supportofANTXXIII/8 Polarstern expedition by CAML, BIANZOII, UMAC, DFGandof L.M. Gould and N.B. Palmer expeditions by NSF.Additional species identification by E.Cano (E.C.), C.DeBroyer (C.D.B.), J.-M.Gili (J.-M.G.), C.M.Lopez-Fedela Cuadra (C.M.L.), C. McClelland (C.M.), E.Rodríguez (E.R.), M.Roux (M.R.), V.Siegel, N.Teixido, H.Wägele (H.W.), helpful comments by A. Van reuse land two anonymous referees. ROV provided by MARUM/University of Bremen, oceanographic equipment by D. Gerdes.This is CAML contribution #39
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Effects of organic enrichment on nematode assemblages in a microcosm experiment

Author: Lisbet Díaz-Asencio, Wilfrida Decraemer, Magda Vincx, Maickel Armenteros, José Andrés Pérez-García, Alexei Ruiz-Abierno, Yusmila Helguera, Universidad de La Habana [Cuba], Marine Biology Section, Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Ministerio de Ciencia, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Nematology Section, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Geologic Sediments, Microcosms, Nematoda, Nematoda [Nematodes], Fauna, Meiobenthos, Cuba [ASW], 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Caribbean Sea, Benthos, Community composition, Animals, Water Pollutants, Organic matter, 14. Life underwater, community composition, Hypoxia, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, chemistry.chemical_classification, effects-community, Ecology, hypoxia, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, tropical, Biodiversity, General Medicine, Pollution, microcosm, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, nematodes, organic enrichment, Dissolved organic carbon, Microcosm, Bay, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Marine nematodes from subtidal tropical sediments of Cienfuegos Bay were subjected to organic enrichment in a microcosm experiment for 32 days. Nematode abundance and diversity decreased, and the taxonomic and trophic structure was altered. The results suggested that the nematodes were not food limited in the microcosms or in their natural environment. Chemical stressors such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide derived from reduced conditions in sediments may be important factors affecting the assemblages. Hypoxic conditions occurred in all experimental units, as well as in the field, suggesting a nematode assemblage adapted to naturally enriched sediments. However, tolerant species showed a grade of sensitivity to reduced conditions. In agreement with the model by Pearson and Rosenberg (1978), we predict that further organic enrichment in sediments from Cienfuegos Bay may cause a phase shift into a strongly depleted benthic fauna and reduced conditions in water and sediments.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. A new basal raoellid artiodactyl (Mammalia) from the middle Eocene Subathu Group of Rajouri District, Jammu and Kashmir, northwest Himalaya, India

Author: Mohd Waqas, Rajendra S. Rana, Thierry Smith, Annelise Folie, Maeva J. Orliac, HNB Garhwal University, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
Subjects: Synapomorphy, 010506 paleontology, biology, Paleontology, Zoology, Dichobunidae, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Basal (phylogenetics), Geography, Taxon, Space and Planetary Science, Phylogenetics, Group (stratigraphy), [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Raoellidae, Clade, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: A new artiodactyl of moderate size, Rajouria gunnelli nov. gen., nov. sp., is described on the basis of several dentaries, maxillae and isolated teeth from the middle Eocene Subathu Group of the Kalakot area, Rajouri District, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Despite its general resemblance with the family Dichobunidae by the retention of a paraconid on m1-2 and a simple P4 where endocristids do not form an anterior loph, this taxon shares with Raoellidae two unambiguous characters: the presence of a hypoconid on p4, and an asymmetrical P4. The phylogenetic position of the new taxon within the Cetacea–Raoellidae clade is strongly supported by seven non ambiguous synapomorphies, among which a cristid obliqua on lower molars anteriorly pointing towards the postectoprotocristid, and a P3 with only two roots. The presence of a new basal raoellid in the middle Eocene Subathu Group sheds new light on the phylogeny and paleobiogeography of raoellid artiodactyls.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Is the southern crab Halicarcinus planatus (Fabricius, 1775) the next invader of Antarctica?

Author: Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Bruno Danis, Valérie Dulière, Charlène Guillaumot, Thomas Saucède, Kurt Paschke, Zambra López-Farrán, Jonathan M. Waters, Elie Poulin, Karin Gérard, Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular (LEM), Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Research Center Dynamics of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems (Fondap-IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Laboratorio de Ecología de Macroalgas Antárticas y Sub antárticas (LEMAS), Universidad de Magallanes (UMAG), Laboratoire de Biologie Marine (LBM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Instituto de Acuicultura, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Otago Palaeogenetics Laboratory, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Centro de Investigación Gaia-Antártica, FONDECYT Regular 1161358, INAChDG 14-17, Chilean national doctoralscholarship CONICYT 21151192, Fondap-IDEAL15150003, PIA CONICYTACT172065, FONDECYT 1160877, ‘Fondspour la Formation à la Recherche dansl’Industrie et l’Agriculture’ (FRIA), ‘BourseFondation de la Mer’, Contribution Nº23to the ‘Refugia and Ecosystem Tolerancein the Southern Ocean’ project (RECTO, BR/154/A1/RECTO) funded by theBelgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), IPEV program Nº1044 Proteker, and Contribution Nº48 to the vERSO project(BELSPO, contract n°BR/132/A1/vERSO).
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Brachyura, Climate Change, reptant crab, Niche, Antarctic Regions, Climate change, Context (language use), [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, survival, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, thermotolerance, Invasive species, establishment, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Southern Ocean, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Shetland, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, non-native species, Geography, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Biological dispersal, Female, niche modelling, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Sciences exactes et naturelles
Abstract: 18 pages; International audience; The potential for biological colonization of Antarctic shores is an increasingly important topic in the context of anthropogenic warming. Successful Antarctic invasions to date have been recorded exclusively from terrestrial habitats. While non-native marine species such as crabs, mussels and tunicates have already been reported from Antarctic coasts, none have as yet established there. Among the potential marine invaders of Antarctic shallow waters is Halicarcinus planatus (Fabricius, 1775), a crab with a circum-Subantarctic distribution and substantial larval dispersal capacity. An ovigerous female of this species was found in shallow waters of Deception Island, South Shetland Islands in 2010. A combination of physiological experiments and ecological modelling was used to assess the potential niche of H. planatus and estimate its future southward boundaries under climate change scenarios. We show that H. planatus has a minimum thermal limit of 1°C, and that its current distribution (assessed by sampling and niche modelling) is physiologically restricted to the Subantarctic region. While this species is presently unable to survive in Antarctica, future warming under both ‘strong mitigation’ and ‘no mitigation’ greenhouse gas emission scenarios will favour its niche expansion to the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) by 2100. Future human activity also has potential to increase the probability of anthropogenic translocation of this species into Antarctic ecosystems.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Chemical preservation of tail feathers from Anchiornis huxleyi , a theropod dinosaur from the Tiaojishan Formation (Upper Jurassic, China)

Author: Julien L. Colaux, Christelle Anquetil, Sylvie Derenne, Robert Carleer, Guy Terwagne, Thanh Thuy Nguyen Tu, Pascal Godefroit, Aude Cincotta, Johan Yans, University College Cork (UCC), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and Hasselt University (UHasselt)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Taphonomy, Soft tissue preservation, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Tiaojishan Formation, Paleontology, fossil feather, Organic matter, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Anchiornis, dinosaur, taphonomy, soft tissue preservation, Dinosaur, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Elemental analysis, Feather, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Fossil feathers, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Carbon
Abstract: A panel of geochemical techniques is used here to investigate the taphonomy of fossil feathers preserved in association with the skeleton of the Jurassic theropod Anchiornis huxleyi. Extant feathers were analysed in parallel to test whether the soft tissues morphologically preserved in the fossil also exhibit a high degree of chemical preservation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) indicate that clays and iron oxide pseudomorphs occur in the surrounding sediment and also reveal the preservation of melanosome-like microbodies in the fossil. Carbon gradient along a depth profile and co-occurrence of carbon and sulphur are shown in the fossil by elastic backscattering (EBS) and particle-induced x-ray emission (PIXE), which are promising techniques for the elemental analysis of fossil soft tissues. The molecular composition of modern and fossil soft tissues was assessed from micro-attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-ATR FTIR), solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS 13C NMR) and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry in the presence of TMAH (TMAH-Py-GC-MS). Results indicate that the proteinaceous material that comprises the modern feathers is not present in the fossil feathers. The fossil feathers and the embedding sediment exhibit a highly aliphatic character. However, substantial differences exist between these samples, revealing that the organic matter of the fossil feathers is, at least partially, derived from original constituents of the feathers. Our results suggest that, despite the morphological preservation of Anchiornis feathers, original proteins, that is keratin, were probably not preserved in the 160-myr-old feathers.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Green Edge ice camp campaigns: understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom

Author: P. Massicotte, R. Amiraux, M.-P. Amyot, P. Archambault, M. Ardyna, L. Arnaud, L. Artigue, C. Aubry, P. Ayotte, G. Bécu, S. Bélanger, R. Benner, H. C. Bittig, A. Bricaud, É. Brossier, F. Bruyant, L. Chauvaud, D. Christiansen-Stowe, H. Claustre, V. Cornet-Barthaux, P. Coupel, C. Cox, A. Delaforge, T. Dezutter, C. Dimier, F. Domine, F. Dufour, C. Dufresne, D. Dumont, J. Ehn, B. Else, J. Ferland, M.-H. Forget, L. Fortier, M. Galí, V. Galindo, M. Gallinari, N. Garcia, C. Gérikas Ribeiro, M. Gourdal, P. Gourvil, C. Goyens, P.-L. Grondin, P. Guillot, C. Guilmette, M.-N. Houssais, F. Joux, L. Lacour, T. Lacour, A. Lafond, J. Lagunas, C. Lalande, J. Laliberté, S. Lambert-Girard, J. Larivière, J. Lavaud, A. LeBaron, K. Leblanc, F. Le Gall, J. Legras, M. Lemire, M. Levasseur, E. Leymarie, A. Leynaert, A. Lopes dos Santos, A. Lourenço, D. Mah, C. Marec, D. Marie, N. Martin, C. Marty, S. Marty, G. Massé, A. Matsuoka, L. Matthes, B. Moriceau, P.-E. Muller, C.-J. Mundy, G. Neukermans, L. Oziel, C. Panagiotopoulos, J.-J. Pangrazi, G. Picard, M. Picheral, F. Pinczon du Sel, N. Pogorzelec, I. Probert, B. Quéguiner, P. Raimbault, J. Ras, E. Rehm, E. Reimer, J.-F. Rontani, S. Rysgaard, B. Saint-Béat, M. Sampei, J. Sansoulet, C. Schmechtig, S. Schmidt, R. Sempéré, C. Sévigny, Y. Shen, M. Tragin, J.-É. Tremblay, D. Vaulot, G. Verin, F. Vivier, A. Vladoiu, J. Whitehead, M. Babin, Asian School of the Environment, Takuvik Joint ULaval/CNRS Laboratory, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laval University [Québec], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth System Science [Stanford] (ESS), Stanford University [Stanford], Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Laval University [Québec], Department of Biological Sciences [Columbia], University of South Carolina [Columbia], Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept Biologie, Université Laval, Université Laval, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division de la productivité des Océans (Ministère des Pêches et des Océans), Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), ECOlogy of MArine Plankton (ECOMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Développement Instrumental et Techniques Marines (DITM), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Laboratoire de MicrobiologiE de Géochimie et d'Ecologie Marines (LMGEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Greenland Institute for Natural Resources (GINR), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie des Plantes (IBP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology [Québec], Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), CNES(project#131425)IPEV(project#1164)CSA,FondationTotalArcticNetLEFEFrench Arctic Initiative (GreenEdgeproject), ANR: GreenEdge project,ANR (Contract #111112),Contract #111112, Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Stanford EARTH, Stanford University-Stanford University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec [Canada] (INSPQ), Département de médecine sociale et préventive [ESPUM-Montréal] (ESPUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Departement de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Earth Observation Science [Winnipeg], University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography [Calgary], University of Calgary, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Mayor [Santiago de Chile], Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie et biotechnologie des Algues (PBA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CRCHUQ), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes [Québec] (IBIS), Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Faculty of Fisheries Sciences [Hakodate], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (ECCE TERRA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment [Columbia] (SEOE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), ANR-14-CE01-0017,Green Edge,Productivité biologique dans l'Océan Arctique: réponse passée, présente et future aux fluctuations climatiques, et impacts sur les flux de carbone, le réseau trophique et les communautés humaines locales(2014), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Département de médecine sociale et préventive (DMPS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Applied Physics Laboratory [Seattle] (APL-UW), University of Washington [Seattle], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra (ECCE TERRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Biotechnologies et Ressources Marines (BRM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (OSU ECCE TERRA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, PACIFIC, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ZONE, 010501 environmental sciences, Zooplankton, 01 natural sciences, CARBON, ALGAE, OCEAN, Ice Camp, Phytoplankton, Sea ice, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:GE1-350, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Arctic studies, ACL, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Biology and Life Sciences, Spring bloom, 15. Life on land, CHLOROPHYLL, IRRADIANCE, Environmental engineering [Engineering], lcsh:Geology, Oceanography, Arctic, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, VOLUME, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Phytoplankton Spring Bloom, SEA-ICE, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bay
Abstract: The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797∘ N, 63.7895∘ W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360 m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/59892 (Massicotte et al., 2019a).
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Allostratigraphy and paleontology of the lower Miocene Chilcatay Formation in the Zamaca area, East Pisco basin, southern Peru

Author: Elisa Malinverno, Walter Landini, Pietro Paolo Pierantoni, Anna Gioncada, Giancarlo Molli, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Mario Urbina, Giulia Bosio, Felix G. Marx, C. Di Celma, Alberto Collareta, Karen Gariboldi, C. de Muizon, Olivier Lambert, Giovanni Bianucci, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Di Celma, C, Pierantoni, P, Malinverno, E, Collareta, A, Lambert, O, Landini, W, Bosio, G, Gariboldi, K, Gioncada, A, de Muizon, C, Molli, G, Marx, F, Varas-Malca, R, Urbina, M, Bianucci, G, Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Monash University [Clayton], Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: lcsh:Maps, facies analysis, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Allostratigraphy, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, vertebrate paleontology, Paleontology, lcsh:G3180-9980, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Marine vertebrate, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Facies analysi, 14. Life underwater, Vertebrate paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Based on mapping of laterally traceable stratigraphic discontinuities, we propose a high-resolution allostratigraphic scheme for one of the world's foremost fossil marine vertebrate Lagerstätten: the lower Miocene strata of the Chilcatay Formation exposed along the Ica River near Zamaca, southern Peru. Measured sections combined with 1:10,000 scale mapping of a 24 km 2 area provide an overview of the stratal architecture, as well as a general facies framework and interpretation of the various depositional settings. As a whole, the Chilcatay alloformation is bounded by the CE0.1 unconformity at the base and the PE0.0 unconformity at the top. An internal Chilcatay surface, termed CE0.2, splits the alloformation into two distinct allomembers (Ct1 and Ct2). The Ct1 allomember comprises three facies associations recording deposition in shoreface, offshore, and subaqueous delta settings. The Ct2 allomember comprises two facies associations, recording deposition in shoreface and offshore settings. Using these data, we place the rich marine vertebrate assemblage in a precise spatial and stratigraphic framework. The well-diversified vertebrate assemblage is dominated by cetaceans (mostly odontocetes) and sharks (mostly lamniforms and carcharhiniforms); rays, bony fish, and turtles are also present. Taxonomic novelties include the first records of baleen whales, platanistids, and eurhinodelphinids from the Chilcatay Formation. ARTICLE HISTORY
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits

Author: Thomas Steeman, Louis Taverne, Nicole Kitambala Yaya, Sylvain Adnet, Delphine Desmares, Daniel Baudet, Thierry Smith, Thierry De Putter, Gregg F. Gunnell, Florias Mees, Johan Yans, Corentin Noiret, Stephen Louwye, Floréal Solé, Nancy J. Stevens, Annelise Folie, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of African Zoology [Tervuren], Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Ohio University, Duke University [Durham], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: AFRICA, Planktonic foraminifera, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fauna, Stratigraphy, PALEOCENE, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Marine vertebrate, 14. Life underwater, Endemism, Southern Hemisphere, OULED-ABDOUN, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WESTERN INDIA, Central Africa, biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Carbon isotope, lcsh:QE1-996.5, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Evolution of fish, lcsh:Geology, Gondwana, EXTINCTION, Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Vertebrates, PATTERNS, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, ABDOUN PHOSPHATE BASIN, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, TESTUDINES, Paleogene, SNAKE PALAEOPHIS
Abstract: The early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source area for the origin of several marine vertebrate groups but its Paleogene record is poorly sampled, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. To document the early Paleogene marine ecosystems of Central Africa, we revised the stratigraphic context of sedimentary deposits from three fossil-rich vertebrate localities: the Landana section in the Cabinda exclave (Angola), and the Manzadi and Bololo localities in western Democratic Republic of Congo. We provide more refined age constraints for these three localities based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas, foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, and carbon isotope records. We find an almost complete absence of Danian-aged rocks in the Landana section, contrary to prevailing interpretations over the last half a century (only the layer 1, at the base of the section, seems to be Danian). Refining the age of these Paleocene layers is crucial for analyzing fish evolution in a global framework, with implications for the early appearance of Scombridae (tunas and mackerels) and Tetraodontiformes (puffer fishes). The combination of vertebrate fossil records from Manzadi and Landana sections suggests important environmental changes around the K/Pg transition characterized by an important modification of the ichthyofauna. A small faunal shift may have occurred during the Selandian. More dramatic is the distinct decrease in overall richness that lasts from the Selandian to the Ypresian. The Lutetian of West Central Africa is characterized by the first appearance of numerous cartilaginous and bony fishes. Our analysis of the ichthyofauna moreover indicates two periods of faunal exchanges: one during the Paleocene, where Central Africa appears to have been a source for the European marine fauna, and another during the Eocene when Europe was the source of the Central Africa fauna. These data indicate that Central Africa has had connections with the Tethyian realm. Keywords: Central Africa, Paleogene, Stratigraphy, Carbon isotope, Planktonic foraminifera, Vertebrates
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. ACIX-Aqua: A global assessment of atmospheric correction methods for Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 over lakes, rivers, and coastal waters

Author: Peter D. Hunter, Kohei Arai, Martin Ligi, Krista Alikas, Lino Augusto Sander de Carvalho, Leif G. Olmanson, Nima Pahlevan, Claudio Clemente Faria Barbosa, Simon Bélanger, Caren Binding, François Régis Martin-Lauzer, Sindy Sterckx, Moritz K. Lehmann, Thierry Tormos, Claudia Giardino, Daniela Gurlin, Yongzhen Fan, Evangelos Spyrakos, Stefan G. H. Simis, Nathalie Reynaud, Kerstin Stelzer, Susanne Kratzer, Natascha Oppelt, François Steinmetz, Mark Warren, Yanqun Pan, Andrew N. Tyler, Joji Ishikaza, Brandon I Smith, Tristan Harmel, Quinten Vanhellemont, Mariano Bresciani, Ronghua Ma, Antoine Mangin, Steef Peters, Sundarabalan V. Balasubramanian, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), Analytic and Computational Research, Inc. - Earth Sciences (ACRI-ST), GeoSensing and Imaging Consultancy (GeoSI), Tartu Observatory, Saga University [Japon], National Institute for Space Research [Sao José dos Campos] (INPE), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente [Napoli] (IREA-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Napoli] (CNR), Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), Stevens Institute of Technology [Hoboken], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Stirling, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research [Nagoya] (ISEE), Nagoya University, Stockholm University, University of Waikato [Hamilton], Nanjing Institute of Geography Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Minnesota System, Kiel University, Arctus Inc. (ARCTUS), Water Insight, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), HYGEOS (SARL), Brockmann Consult, Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek [Mol] (VITO), Pôle Écla - écosystèmes lacustres (ECLA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2014/23903-9, European Project: 730066,H2020-EU.2.1.6.3. - Enabling exploitation of space data, H2020-EU.2.1.6.1.2. - Boost innovation between space and non-space sectors,EOMORES(2016), European Project: 776480,H2020-EU.3.5.5. - Developing comprehensive and sustained global environmental observation and information systems ,MONOCLE(2018), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric correction, Soil Science, Geology, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, 010309 optics, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Computers in Earth Sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract: International audience; Atmospheric correction over inland and coastal waters is one of the major remaining challenges in aquatic remote sensing, often hindering the quantitative retrieval of biogeochemical variables and analysis of their spatial and temporal variability within aquatic environments. The Atmospheric Correction Intercomparison Exercise (ACIX-Aqua), a joint NASA – ESA activity, was initiated to enable a thorough evaluation of eight state-of-the-art atmospheric correction (AC) processors available for Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 data processing. Over 1000 radiometric matchups from both freshwaters (rivers, lakes, reservoirs) and coastal waters were utilized to examine the quality of derived aquatic reflectances (̂ρ w ). This dataset originated from two sources: Data gathered from the international scientific community (henceforth called Community Validation Database, CVD), which captured predominantly inland water observations, and the Ocean Color component of AERONET measurements (AERONET-OC), representing primarily coastal ocean environments. This volume of data permitted the evaluation of the AC processors individually (using all the matchups) and comparatively (across seven different Optical Water Types, OWTs) using common matchups. We found that the performance of the AC processors differed for CVD and AERONET-OC matchups, likely reflecting inherent variability in aquatic and atmospheric properties between the two datasets. For the former, the median errors in ̂ρ w (560) and ̂ρ w (664) were found to range from 20 to 30% for best-performing processors. Using the AERONET-OC matchups, our performance assessments showed that median errors within the 15–30% range in these spectral bands may be achieved. The largest uncertainties were associated with the blue bands (25 to 60%) for best-performing processors considering both CVD and AERONET-OC assessments. We further assessed uncertainty propagation to the downstream products such as near-surface concentration of chlorophyll-a (Chla) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Using satellite matchups from the CVD along with in situ Chla and TSS, we found that 20–30% uncertainties in ̂ρ w (490 ≤ λ ≤ 743 nm) yielded 25–70% uncertainties in derived Chla and TSS products for top-performing AC processors. We summarize our results using performance matrices guiding the satellite user community through the OWT-specific relative performance of AC processors. Our analysis stresses the need for better representation of aerosols, particularly absorbing ones, and improvements in corrections for sky- (or sun-) glint and adjacency effects, in order to achieve higher quality downstream products in freshwater and coastal ecosystems.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Legends of the Ardennes Massif, a Cross-Border Intangible Geo-cultural Heritage (Belgium, Luxemburg, France, Germany)

Author: Pierre-Yves Declercq, Cécile Millier, Gilles Fronteau, Roland Dreesen, Eric Goemaere, Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Groupe d'Étude sur les Géomatériaux et Environnements Naturels, Anthropiques et Archéologiques - EA 3795 (GEGENAA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINSS), and Ghent University, Department of Archaeology, Ghent, Belgium
Subjects: Ardennes, Géopatrimoine, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Ancient history, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geological Phenomena, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geotourism, Patrimoine culturel, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Géomorphosite, 010503 geology, Geolandscape, Legends, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Massif, Mythology, Folktale, 15. Life on land, Legend, biology.organism_classification, Cultural heritage, Contes, Légendes, Historical geology, Emperor, Géotourisme
Abstract: International audience; Myths and legends related to geological phenomena or stunning landscapes are common in the cross-border Ardennes Massif.They represent an important intangible geo-cultural heritage. Those legends add an extra dimension to the holistic experience of geoheritage in the western part of the Variscan Rhenish massif, which is also world famous for its International Union of Geological Sciences – acknowledged stratigraphical reference sections of the Palaeozoic era. Of particular interest are the many legends devoted to the devil, aiming to explain occurrences of “ unusual ” forms, sizes or numbers of rocks, boulders or particular rock formations in the landscape. The Ardennes is also known for its legends about emblematic historical characters, such as Emperor Charlemagne and Saint Remacle, commonly used to elucidate the strange or suspect occurrences of the above geolog-ical items. The medieval legends of the Four Sons of Aymon and that of their magical bay horse Bayard are strongly rooted in the Ardennes tradition and the local geology: many outstanding rock formations or geomorphological features have been named afterthese characters. Moreover, both gave their name to official geological formations. Other legends, such as the one dealing with the Giant ’ s Tomb or those related to the activities of dwarf-like creatures, fairies and witches, rather represent folktales involving direct or indirect links with geological curiosities (particular rock formations, caves, springs, etc.). A real cross-border network of geotouristic legend roads could certainly enhance public awareness and stimulate decision-makers to valorize the great potential of this less-known intangible geological-cultural heritage.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Reevaluating the timing of Neanderthal disappearance in Northwest Europe

Author: Stéphane Pirson, Thibaut Devièse, Luke Spindler, Mateja Hajdinjak, Thomas Higham, Matthias Meyer, Valentin Fischer, Grégory Abrams, Michel Toussaint, Dan Comeskey, Patrick Semal, Isabelle De Groote, Kévin Di Modica, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Scladina Cave Archaeol Ctr, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Agence Wallonne Patrimoine, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Assoc Wallonne Etud Megalith, Université de Liège, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Leiden, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 010506 paleontology, Multidisciplinary, Neanderthal, biology, Social Sciences, Pretreatment method, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, 13. Climate action, law, biology.animal, Paleoanthropology, Upper Paleolithic, Radiocarbon dating, Northwest europe, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Elucidating when Neanderthal populations disappeared from Eurasia is a key question in paleoanthropology, and Belgium is one of the key regions for studying the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. Previous radiocarbon dating placed the Spy Neanderthals among the latest surviving Neanderthals in Northwest Europe with reported dates as young as 23,880 ± 240 B.P. (OxA-8912). Questions were raised, however, regarding the reliability of these dates. Soil contamination and carbon-based conservation products are known to cause problems during the radiocarbon dating of bulk collagen samples. Employing a compound-specific approach that is today the most efficient in removing contamination and ancient genomic analysis, we demonstrate here that previous dates produced on Neanderthal specimens from Spy were inaccurately young by up to 10,000 y due to the presence of unremoved contamination. Our compound-specific radiocarbon dates on the Neanderthals from Spy and those from Engis and Fonds-de-Foret demonstrate that they disappeared from Northwest Europe at 44,200 to 40,600 cal B.P. (at 95.4% probability), much earlier than previously suggested. Our data contribute significantly to refining models for Neanderthal disappearance in Europe and, more broadly, show that chronometric models regarding the appearance or disappearance of animal or hominin groups should be based only on radiocarbon dates obtained using robust pretreatment methods.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. EvoSheep : The Makeup of Sheep Breeds in the Ancient Near East

Author: Sofiane Bouzid, François Pompanon, Bea De Cupere, Camille Bader, Hossein Davoudi, Philippe Abrahami, Daniel Helmer, Catherine Breniquet, Azadeh Fatemeh Mohaseb, Thomas Cucchi, Rémi Berthon, Moussab Albesso, Oscar Estrada, Lionel Gourichon, Emmanuelle Vila, Marjan Mashkour, Daniel G. Bradley, Manon Vuillien, Jwana Chahoud, Ludovic Orlando, Jacqueline Studer, Wei Huangfu, Cécile Michel, Gilles Escarguel, Joséphine Lesur, Agraw Amane, ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Addis Ababa University (AAU), International Livestock Research Institute [CGIAR, Ethiopie] (ILRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Trinity College Dublin, Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' (CHEC), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), University of Tehran, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Équipe 6 - Paléontologie, Paléoécologie, Paléobiogéographie, Évolution (P3E), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux (MOM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Natural History Museum [Geneva], ANR-17-CE27-0004,EVOSHEEP,Exploration des premières innovations zootechniques dans les sociétés du sud-ouest asiatique (5e-1er millénaires av. J.-C.)(2017), Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Archaeozoological section, Bioarchaeological laboratory, Directorate Earth & History of Life, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Archaeozoology, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, ILRI Ethiopia (ILRI), ILRI, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Archaeology, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien [Archéorient], Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 [HALMA], Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements [AASPE], Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' [CHEC], Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse [AMIS], Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité [ArScAn], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine [LECA ], Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age [CEPAM], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Équipe 6 - Paléontologie, Paléoécologie, Paléobiogéographie, Évolution [P3E]
Subjects: Near East, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Textile production, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Levant, Archaeozoology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Morphometrics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Geometric morphometrics, Middle East, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Africa, Sheep, 060102 archaeology, General Arts and Humanities, Mesopotamia, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Geography, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The EVOSHEEP project combines archaeozoology, geometric morphometrics and genetics to study archaeo- logical sheep assemblages dating from the sixth to the first millennia BC in eastern Africa, the Levant, the Ana- tolian South Caucasus, the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia. The project aims to understand changes in the physical appearance and phenotypic characteristics of sheep and how these related to the appearance of new breeds and the demand for secondary products to supply the textile industry.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. New insights into the affinities, autoecology, and habit of the Mesozoic fern Weichselia reticulata based on the revision of stems from Bernissart (Mons Basin, Belgium)

Author: Cyrille Prestianni, Candela Blanco-Moreno, Anne-Laure Decombeix, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), BRAIN. Grant Number: BR/143/A3/COLDCASE, SYNTHESYS Project, FPI‐UAM 2015. Grant Number: FPI‐UAM 2015, and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Frond, Early Cretaceous, Morphology (biology), fern anatomy, Matoniaceae, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Marattiaceae, Mesozoic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Paleontology, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, plant reconstruction, Weichselia reticulata, Period (geology), Bernissart, Key (lock), Fern, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; The Mesozoic is a key period in fern evolution, with the rise of most modern families. Weichselia reticulata is a widely distributed Jurassic–Cretaceous fern that has been suggested to belong to the Matoniaceae or possibly the Marattiaceae. The most accepted classic whole‐plant reconstruction for this species is based on stem and foliage material from the Barremian–Aptian locality of Négresse (Bernissart, Mons Basin, Belgium). In this work, two of these stems are revised and analysed using computed tomography, providing new information on their internal anatomy and external morphology. Weichselia reticulata has a unique anatomy, distinct from all other extant or fossil ferns. Stem external morphology suggests adaptations to stressful environments, due to the scale insertions, and a thick cortex. Especially noteworthy is the presence of structures interpreted as aerophores or nectaries at the base of putative roots and petioles that could suggest a need for extra ventilation of the frond or interactions with animals. Although these new results do not settle the question of the systematic affinities of Weichselia, they provide new information about its autoecology and allow us to test the validity of previous whole‐plant reconstructions.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Using self–organizing maps and machine learning models to assess mollusc community structure in relation to physicochemical variables in a West Africa river–estuary system

Author: Antoine Chikou, Bert Van Bocxlaer, Thierry Backeljau, Olaniran Hamed Odountan, Prudenciène Ablawa Agboho, Tatenda Dalu, Zinsou Cosme Koudenoukpo, Luc Janssens de Bistoven, University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Ministère de la Santé, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), National Research Foundation [South Africa] (NRF), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), and ANR-17-CE02-0015,EVOLINK,Lier les processus micro- et macro-évolutifs impliqués dans les mollusques dulcicoles du Rift Est Africain(2017)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Artificial neural network, Fauna, Drainage basin, General Decision Sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, Sphaerium, Mollusc community, 14. Life underwater, Biology, QH540-549.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Brackish water, biology, Ecology, Community structure, Estuary, 15. Life on land, Freshwater biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Chemistry, 13. Climate action, Indicator species, Tropical river systems, Environmental science, Radix natalensis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The poor understanding of changes in mollusc ecology along rivers, especially in West Africa, hampers the implementation of management measures. We used a self–organizing map, indicator species analysis, linear discriminant analysis and a random forest model to distinguish mollusc assemblages, to determine the ecological preferences of individual mollusc species and to associate major physicochemical variables with mollusc assemblages and occurrences in the Sô River Basin, Benin. We identified four mollusc assemblages along an upstream–downstream gradient. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), salinity, calcium (Ca), total nitrogen (TN), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were the major physicochemical variables responsible for structuring these mollusc assemblages. However, the physicochemical factors responsible for shaping the distribution of individual species varied per species. Upstream sites (assemblage I) showed high DO and low BOD and mineral compounds (i.e., TN, salinity, and Ca), which are primarily responsible for structuring the occurrences of bivalves (Afropisidium pirothi, Etheria elliptica, Sphaerium hartmanni) and the gastropod Lanistes varicus. Sites along the middle reach (assemblage II) were characterised by a high degree of organic pollution but low heavy metal pollution; we detected no specific mollusc indicator species. Downstream sites (assemblage III) displayed high mineral and heavy metal concentrations and a fauna without specific indicator species. Finally, downstream sites associated with brackish water (assemblage IV) displayed important levels of organic and heavy metal pollution. These sites are dominated by diverse gastropods (i.e., Bulinus spp., Gabbiella africana, Indoplanorbis exustus, Pachymelania fusca, Radix natalensis, Stenophysa marmorata and Tympanotonos fuscatus). Our results highlight that mollusc communities in the Sô River Basin are structured by key physicochemical variables related to the river–estuary continuum. Habitats that are progressively more downstream are confronted with increasing anthropogenic stress. Conservation and management plans should focus on downstream habitats.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Geochemical and spectroscopic investigation of apatite in the Siilinjärvi carbonatite complex: Keys to understanding apatite forming processes and assessing potential for rare earth elements

Author: Vinciane Debaille, Jean-Marc Baele, Hartwig E. Frimmel, Mikko Savolainen, Stefan Höhn, Julien Mercadier, Sophie Decrée, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Yara Suomi oy, GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Géochimie, Traçage Isotopique, Minéral et élémentaire - G-Time (Bruxelles, Belgium), University of Würzburg = Universität Würzburg, University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), and ANR-10-LABX-0021,RESSOURCES21,Strategic metal resources of the 21st century(2010)
Subjects: Archean, Carbonatite-related ore deposits, Cathodoluminescence, Rare earth, Geochemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Hydrothermal circulation, Apatite, Environnement et pollution, Geochemistry and Petrology, Environmental Chemistry, Rare earth elements, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, LA-ICPMS, LIBS, Géochimie, Pétrologie, Fenite, Pollution, Technologie de l'environnement, contrôle de la pollution, Igneous rock, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], visual_art, Fennoscandian shield, Raman spectroscopy, Magma, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Carbonatite, Geology
Abstract: The Siilinjärvi phosphate deposit (Finland) is hosted by an Archean carbonatite complex. The main body is composed of glimmerite, carbonatite and combinations thereof. It is surrounded by a well-developed fenitization zone. Almost all the rocks pertaining to the glimmerite-carbonatite series are considered for exploitation of phosphate. New petrological and in-situ geochemical as well as spectroscopic data obtained by cathodoluminescence, Raman and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy make it possible to constrain the genesis and evolution of apatite through time. Apatite in the glimmerite-carbonatite series formed by igneous processes. An increase in rare earth elements (REE) content during apatite deposition can be explained by re-equilibration of early apatite (via sub-solidus diffusion at the magmatic stage) with a fresh carbonatitic magma enriched in these elements. This late carbonatite emplacement has been known as a major contributor to the overall P and REE endowment of the system and is likely connected to fenitization and alkali-rich fluids. These fluids - enriched in REE - would have interacted with apatite in the fenite, resulting in an increase in REE content through coupled dissolution–reprecipitation processes. Finally, a marked decrease in LREE is observed in apatite hosted by fenite. It highlights the alteration of apatite by a REE-poor fluid during a late-magmatic/hydrothermal stage. Regarding the potential for REE exploitation, geochemical data combined with an estimation of the reserves indicate a sub-economic potential of REE to be exploited as by-products of phosphate mining. Spectroscopic analyses further provide helpful data for exploration, by determining the P and REE distribution and the enrichment in carbonatite and within apatite., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. MICESE: A New Method Used for the Formulation of Key Messages from the Scientific Community for the EU Post 2020 Biodiversity Strategy

Author: Antonia Galanaki, Jorge Ventocilla, Fréderic Gosselin, Liisa Varumo, Juliette Young, Allan D. Watt, Jiska Joanneke van Dijk, Marie Vandewalle, Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), EKLIPSE project activity (EKLIPSE, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme) n° 690474, and European Project: 690474,H2020,H2020-SC5-2015-one-stage,EKLIPSE(2016)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Value (ethics), Process (engineering), Science Policy, Geography, Planning and Development, Biodiversity, TJ807-830, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Renewable energy sources, consultation process, Political science, media_common.cataloged_instance, GE1-350, European Union, European union, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, elicitation of scientific expertise, science–policy interface, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, methodology, 15. Life on land, Public relations, Environmental sciences, Scale (social sciences), Key (cryptography), iterative bias correction, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, iterative, Global biodiversity
Abstract: The European Union (EU) 2020 Biodiversity strategy will soon come to an end and may not have been as successful as envisioned. In the current context of the global biodiversity crisis, the European Commission, the research community, and broader society cannot risk another, likely ineffective, attempt by the EU to halt biodiversity loss after 2020. Through the development of the EU post 2020 Biodiversity Strategy, the scientific community of the ALTER-Net and EKLIPSE networks saw a unique opportunity to make a difference for biodiversity in Europe by better involving scientists, policy makers, and society. We developed an innovative, transparent, and collaborative process&mdash, called the multiphased, iterative, and consultative elicitation of scientific expertise (MICESE) method. This process allowed us to produce a set of 12 key messages developed by scientists for the EU to prioritize in the development of the new post 2020 biodiversity strategy. These key messages were structured according to their systemic value, scale, and nature. We provide insights and analyses of the new MICESE method before reflecting on how to improve the future involvement of scientists in science&ndash, policy interfaces.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Urbanization drives cross‐taxon declines in abundance and diversity at multiple spatial scales

Author: Kristien I. Brans, Hans Matheve, Rose Sablon, Nicolas Debortoli, Koen Martens, Frederik Hendrickx, Lisa F. Baardsen, Andros T. Gianuca, Robby Stoks, Jessie M. T. Engelen, Katrien De Wolf, Dries Bonte, Erik Matthysen, Luc Lens, Caroline Souffreau, Fabio T. T. Hanashiro, Isa Schön, Jeroen Van Wichelen, Pieter Vanormelingen, Thierry Backeljau, Elena Piano, Ellen Decaestecker, Eveline Pinseel, Hans Van Dyck, Lynn Govaert, Luc De Meester, Janet Higuti, Diego Fontaneto, Maxime Dahirel, Thomas Merckx, Wim Vyverman, Marie Cours, Karine Van Doninck, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), P07/4, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, 45968/2012‐1, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Dahirel, Maxime/0000-0001-8077-7765, Taquicava Hanashiro, Fabio, Toshiro/0000-0002-0965-0304, Piano, Elena, Souffreau, Caroline, Merckx, Thomas, Baardsen, Lisa F., Backeljau, Thierry, Bonte, Dries, Brans, Kristien, I, Cours, Marie, Dahirel, Maxime, Debortoli, Nicolas, Decaestecker, Ellen, De Wolf, Katrien, Engelen, Jessie M. T., Fontaneto, Diego, Gianuca, Andros T., Govaert, Lynn, Hanashiro, Fabio T. T., Higuti, Janet, Lens, Luc, Martens, Koen, Matheve, Hans, Matthysen, Erik, Pinseel, Eveline, Sablon, Rose, SCHON, Isa, Stoks, Robby, Van Doninck, Karine, Van Dyck, Hans, Vanormelingen, Pieter, Van Wichelen, Jeroen, Vyverman, Wim, De Meester, Luc, Hendrickx, Frederik, and Biology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecologie [animale], Biodiversity, Beta diversity, Evolution des espèces, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Environmental Science(all), Abundance (ecology), Animals, Environmental Chemistry, insect decline, Biology, Relative species abundance, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, Global and Planetary Change, spatial scale, Ecology, Urbanization, Species diversity, land use, 15. Life on land, biotic homogenization, Coleoptera, Chemistry, diversity partitioning, urban ecology, Geography, Urban ecology, Spatial ecology, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Biologie, Butterflies, Sciences exactes et naturelles
Abstract: The increasing urbanization process is hypothesized to drastically alter (semi-)natural environments with a concomitant major decline in species abundance and diversity. Yet, studies on this effect of urbanization, and the spatial scale at which it acts, are at present inconclusive due to the large heterogeneity in taxonomic groups and spatial scales at which this relationship has been investigated among studies. Comprehensive studies analysing this relationship across multiple animal groups and at multiple spatial scales are rare, hampering the assessment of how biodiversity generally responds to urbanization. We studied aquatic (cladocerans), limno-terrestrial (bdelloid rotifers) and terrestrial (butterflies, ground beetles, ground- and web spiders, macro-moths, orthopterans and snails) invertebrate groups using a hierarchical spatial design, wherein three local-scale (200 m x 200 m) urbanization levels were repeatedly sampled across three landscape-scale (3 km x 3 km) urbanization levels. We tested for local and landscape urbanization effects on abundance and species richness of each group, whereby total richness was partitioned into the average richness of local communities and the richness due to variation among local communities. Abundances of the terrestrial active dispersers declined in response to local urbanization, with reductions up to 85% for butterflies, while passive dispersers did not show any clear trend. Species richness also declined with increasing levels of urbanization, but responses were highly heterogeneous among the different groups with respect to the richness component and the spatial scale at which urbanization impacts richness. Depending on the group, species richness declined due to biotic homogenization and/or local species loss. This resulted in an overall decrease in total richness across groups in urban areas. These results provide strong support to the general negative impact of urbanization on abundance and species richness within habitat patches and highlight the importance of considering multiple spatial scales and taxa to assess the impacts of urbanization on biodiversity. Belgian Science Policy Office, Grant/Award Number: P07/4; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Grant/Award Number: 45968/2012-1 Piano, E (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dept Life Sci & Syst Biol, Turin, Italy. elena.piano@unito.it
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Petrogenesis of the Mairupt microgranite: A witness of an Uppermost Silurian magmatism in the Rocroi Inlier, Ardenne Allochton

Author: Marc Poujol, Corentin Cobert, Jean-Marc Baele, Sophie Decrée, Philippe Boulvais, Geology and Applied Geology, Université de Mons (UMons), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Felsic, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Geochemistry, Context (language use), Crust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, Magmatism, Geochronology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Petrogenesis, Zircon
Abstract: Magmatism in the Rocroi inlier (Ardenne Allochton, southeastern Avalonia during eo-Hercynian times) consists of a swarm of bimodal dykes (diabase and/or microgranite) emplaced in Middle to Upper Cambrian siliciclastics (Revin Group). Felsic volcanites interbedded within the Upper Silurian/Lower Devonian transgressive strata on the eastern edge of the inlier were interpreted as belonging to the same magmatic event. This was subsequently invalidated by zircon U–Pb dating of the Mairupt and Grande Commune magmatic rocks, which yielded an Upper Devonian age. Here we report a reevaluation of the age of the Mairupt microgranite based on LA–ICP–MS in situ U–Pb zircon geochronology, which yields a concordant age of 420.5 ± 2.9 Ma (Late Silurian/Early Devonian). This new dating restores the consistency between the different magmatic occurrences in the Rocroi inlier. The geochemical and petrographical data furthermore indicate a major crustal contribution, which fits well within the context of crust thinning of the Ardenne margin (southeastern Avalonia) in the transtensional Rheno-Hercynian back-arc basin.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. The upper Eocene-Oligocene carnivorous mammals from the Quercy Phosphorites (France) housed in Belgian collections

Author: Robert P. Speijer, Sandrine Ladevèze, Thierry Smith, Floréal Solé, Kévin Le Verger, Annelise Folie, Julien Denayer, Valentin Fischer, Morgane Fournier, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Université de Liège, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Zurich, and Solé, Floréal
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, EUROPE, PALEOGENE, PHYLOGENY, Fauna, DIVERSITY, FAUNAS, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Marie curie, Upper eocene, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 'Grande Coupure', Science & Technology, 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geology, 15. Life on land, Archaeology, EVOLUTION, Europe, Geography, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Physical Sciences, Mammalia, Period (geology), Cynodictis, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Paleogene, MIOCENE
Abstract: International audience; The Quer cy Phosphor ites For mation in Fr ance is wor ld famous for its Eocene to Miocene faunas, especially those from the upper Eocene to lower Oligocene, the richest of all. The latter particularly helped to understand the 'Grande Coupure', a dramatic faunal turnover event that occurred in Europe during the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Fossils from the Quercy Phosphorites were excavated from the middle 19 th century until the early 20 th century in a series of sites and became subsequently dispersed over several research institutions, while often losing the temporal and geographical information in the process. In this contribution, we provide an overview and reassess the taxonomy of these barely known collections housed in three Belgian institutions: the Université de Liège, KU Leuven, and the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. We focus our efforts on the carnivorous mammals (Hyaenodonta and Carnivoramorpha) and assess the stratigraphic intervals covered by each collection. These fossils are derived from upper Eocene (Priabonian), lower Oligocene (Rupelian), and upper Oligocene (Chattian) deposits in the Quercy area. The richness of the three collections (e.g., the presence of numerous postcranial elements in the Liège collection), the presence of types and figured specimens in the Leuven collection, and some identified localities in the RBINS collection make these collections of great interest for further studies on systematics and the evolution of mammals around the 'Grande Coupure'.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Operationalizing risk-based cumulative effect assessments in the marine environment

Author: Stelios Katsanevakis, Charalampos Dimitriadis, Marta Pascual, Chiara Piroddi, Vasiliki Markantonatou, Vanessa Stelzenmüller, Steven Degraer, Antonios D. Mazaris, Marta Coll, Roland Cormier, Joan Giménez, Athanasios Evagelopoulos, Henn Ojaveer, Elena Gissi, Charles Loiseau, Joachim Claudet, Tiia Möller, Bob Rumes, European Commission, Thünen-Institute of Sea Fisheries, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), University of the Aegean, Università Iuav di Venezia = Iuav University of Venice (IUAV), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), University of Tartu, National Marine Park of Zakynthos, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), and University Iuav of Venice
Subjects: marine environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Risk analysis, French Polynesia, %22">, 010501 environmental sciences, Effects assessment, Science-policy interface, 01 natural sciences, Structuring, ecosystem based management, Framing (construction), Decision-making, Concrete pavements, Decision making process, uncertainty, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Risk assessment, ecosystem management, %22">Science-policy interface, Economic and social effects, Corporate governance, Cumulative effects, risk assessment, anthropogenic effect, environmental change, Pollution, Ecosystem-based management, Risk criteria, Europe, Risk analysis (engineering), marine ecosystem, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Uncertainty analysis, management, science-policy interface, Canada, Environmental Engineering, review, Decision-making process, Ecosystems, decision making, socio-ecological systems, Environmental Chemistry, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, human, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Risk criteria and management, Operationalization, decision-making process, Science - policy interfaces, Marine spatial planning, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138118, Ecosystem-based management requires an assessment of the cumulative effects of human pressures and environmental change. The operationalization and integration of cumulative effects assessments (CEA) into decision-making processes often lacks a comprehensive and transparent framework. A risk-based CEA framework that divides a CEA in risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation, could structure such complex analyses and facilitate the establishment of direct science-policy links. Here, we examine carefully the operationalization of such a risk-based CEA framework with the help of eleven contrasting case studies located in Europe, French Polynesia, and Canada. We show that the CEA framework used at local, sub-regional, and regional scales allowed for a consistent, coherent, and transparent comparison of complex assessments. From our analysis, we pinpoint four emerging issues that, if accurately addressed, can improve the take up of CEA outcomes by management: 1) framing of the CEA context and defining risk criteria; 2) describing the roles of scientists and decision-makers; 3) reducing and structuring complexity; and 4) communicating uncertainty. Moreover, with a set of customized tools we describe and analyze for each case study the nature and location of uncertainty as well as trade-offs regarding available knowledge and data used for the CEA. Ultimately, these tools aid decision-makers to recognize potential caveats and repercussions of management decisions. One key recommendation is to differentiate CEA processes and their context in relation to governance advice, marine spatial planning or regulatory advice. We conclude that future research needs to evaluate how effective management measures are in reducing the risk of cumulative effects. Changing governance structures takes time and is often difficult, but we postulate that well-framed and structured CEA can function as a strategic tool to integrate ecosystem considerations across multiple sectorial policies., This article is a product of the working group on cumulative effects assessment under the framework of COST Action 15121 “Advancing marine conservation in the European and contiguous seas” (MarCons; http://www.marcons-cost.eu; (Katsanevakis et al., 2017)—supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology, CA15121), With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Tristichopterids (Sarcopterygii, Tetrapodomorpha) from the Upper Devonian tetrapod-bearing locality of Strud (Belgium, upper Famennian), with phylogenetic and paleobiogeographic considerations

Author: Gaël Clément, Edward B. Daeschler, Yann Leroy, Jason P. Downs, Sandrine Ladevèze, Sébastien Olive, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Drexel University, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Sarcopterygii, 010506 paleontology, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Tetrapodomorpha, Paleontology, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, Langlieria, Tetrapod (structure), Eusthenodon, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We describe new material of the tristichopterids cf. Langlieria socqueti and cf. Eusthenodon wangsjoi and other unassignable tetrapodomorph remains from the upper Famennian locality of Strud, Belgium. Because of recent improvements in our tristichopterid knowledge, a new phylogenetic analysis is presented in addition to a paleobiogeographic analysis using the Bayesian binary Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) statistical method. The origin of the whole tristichopterid clade is reconstructed with a very likely western European origin. Much of the early tristichopterid history took place in Euramerica. During the Late Devonian, tristichopterids most probably spread from Euramerica into Gondwana. The highly nested tristichopterid clade formed by Cabonnichthys burnsi, Mandageria fairfaxi, E. wangsjoi, Edenopteron keithcrooki, and Hyneria lindae most likely differentiated in Australia. Then dispersal events occurred from Australia to Euramerica with Hyneria lindae (to eastern North America) and E. wangsjoi (to Greenland/western Europe). The latter dispersal events, during the Famennian, are in agreement with the Great Devonian Interchange, which predicts dispersal events between Gondwana and Euramerica at this time.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. The oldest freshwater crabs: claws on dinosaur bones

Author: Barry W.M. van Bakel, Géraldine Garcia, Xavier Valentin, Matúš Hyžný, Pascal Godefroit, Sylvain Charbonnier, Aude Cincotta, Ninon Robin, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oertijdmuseum Boxtel, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Comenius University, Faculty of natural Sciences, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Cork] (BEES), University College Cork (UCC), Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and Palaios association
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hoof and Claw, 010506 paleontology, Taphonomy, Behavioural ecology, Brachyura, lcsh:Medicine, Fresh Water, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 010603 evolutionary biology, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Article, Bone and Bones, Dinosaurs, Species Specificity, Portunoidea, Animals, Potamonautidae, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Potamidae, Trichodactylidae, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Decapoda, Ecology, Palaeontology, lcsh:R, Palaeoecology, Paleontology, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Crustacean, 6. Clean water, Geography, Paleoecology, Freshwater ecology, lcsh:Q, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Faunal assemblage
Abstract: With approximately 1,500 extant species, freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) are among the most diverse decapod crustaceans. Nevertheless, their fossil record is extremely limited: only Potamidae, Potamonautidae and Trichodactylidae are reported up to the Eocene of the Neotropics so far. This work documents unusually large decapod claws from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) continental deposits of Velaux and vicinity (southern France), in close association with large vertebrate remains. In addition to (1) the systematic assignment of these claws, the study addresses (2) the salinity trends in the deposit environment from its faunal assemblage and the elementary chemical patterns of fossils, and (3) the likely scenario for their auto/allochthony in the Velaux fluvial system. These claws belong to a new taxon, Dinocarcinus velauciensis n. gen. n. sp., referred to as Portunoidea sensu lato, a group of “true” crabs nowadays linked to marine systems. However, the faunal assemblage, the claw taphonomy and the carbonates Y/Ho signatures support their ancient freshwater/terrestrial ecology, making them the oldest reported continental brachyurans and extending the presence of crabs in freshwater environments by 40 Ma. Either as primary or as secondary freshwater crabs, the occurrence of these portunoids in Velaux is an evidence for the independent colonizations of continental environments by multiple brachyuran clades over time, as early as the Campanian.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. The cranium of Proviverra typica (Mammalia, Hyaenodonta) and its impact on hyaenodont phylogeny and endocranial evolution

Author: Floréal Solé, Morgane Dubied, Bastien Mennecart, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Directorate Earth & History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), and Work supported by project Brain Pionnier BR/175/PI/CARNAGES of the Federal Science Policy Office of Belgium, the Swiss National Science Foundation granting the SNF project P300P2_161065 and P3P3P2_161066.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Hyaenodonta, Phylogenetic tree, Paleontology, Encephalization quotient, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Eocene, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Europe, endocranium, Evolutionary biology, Phylogenetics, Endocranium, Hyaenodontidae, Mammal, Clade, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Endocast, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: 19 pages; International audience; We describe the first endocast reconstruction of a hyaenodont mammal based on X‐ray microtomography. The endocast belongs to the type material of the European hyaenodont Proviverra typica. We performed phylogenetic analysis to contextualize the evolution of endocranial size and complexity in Hyaenodonta. We added several European hyaenodonts and modified several codings of the most recent character–taxon matrix established to question the relationships within Hyaenodonta. Including these new species in a phylogenetic analysis reveals a new clade: Hyaenodontoidea. Comparisons with several previously described endocasts show that there was an increase in complexity in the convolutions of the encephalon within Hyaenodontidae history. Moreover, the analysis of the encephalization quotient reveals that the endocranium of the Hyaenodonta is not smaller than those of fossil Carnivora or some extant Carnivora. Therefore, the extinction of Hyaenodonta may not be linked to the relative size of hyaenodont brains.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 3

Author: Karina von Schuckmann, Pierre-Yves Le Traon, Neville Smith (Chair), Ananda Pascual, Samuel Djavidnia, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Marilaure Grégoire, Glenn Nolan, Signe Aaboe, Enrique Álvarez Fanjul, Lotfi Aouf, Roland Aznar, T. H. Badewien, Arno Behrens, Maristella Berta, Laurent Bertino, Jeremy Blackford, Giorgio Bolzon, Federica Borile, Marine Bretagnon, Robert J.W. Brewin, Donata Canu, Paola Cessi, Stefano Ciavatta, Bertrand Chapron, Thi Tuyet Trang Chau, Frédéric Chevallier, Boriana Chtirkova, Stefania Ciliberti, James R. Clark, Emanuela Clementi, Clément Combot, Eric Comerma, Anna Conchon, Giovanni Coppini, Lorenzo Corgnati, Gianpiero Cossarini, Sophie Cravatte, Marta de Alfonso, Clément de Boyer Montégut, Christian De Lera Fernández, Francisco Javier de los Santos, Anna Denvil-Sommer, Álvaro de Pascual Collar, Paulo Alonso Lourenco Dias Nunes, Valeria Di Biagio, Massimiliano Drudi, Owen Embury, Pierpaolo Falco, Odile Fanton d'Andon, Luis Ferrer, David Ford, H. Freund, Manuel García León, Marcos García Sotillo, José María García-Valdecasas, Philippe Garnesson, Gilles Garric, Florent Gasparin, Marion Gehlen, Ana Genua-Olmedo, Gerhard Geyer, Andrea Ghermandi, Simon A. Good, Jérôme Gourrion, Eric Greiner, Annalisa Griffa, Manuel González, Ismael Hernández-Carrasco, Stéphane Isoard, John J. Kennedy, Susan Kay, Anton Korosov, Kaari Laanemäe, Peter E. Land, Thomas Lavergne, Paolo Lazzari, Jean-François Legeais, Benedicte Lemieux, Bruno Levier, William Llovel, Vladyslav Lyubartsev, Vidar S. Lien, Leonardo Lima, Pablo Lorente, Julien Mader, Marcello G. Magaldi, Ilja Maljutenko, Antoine Mangin, Carlo Mantovani, Veselka Marinova, Simona Masina, Elena Mauri, J. Meyerjürgens, Alexandre Mignot, Robert McEwan, Carlos Mejia, Angélique Melet, Milena Menna, Benoît Meyssignac, Alexis Mouche, Baptiste Mourre, Malte Müller, Giulio Notarstefano, Alejandro Orfila, Silvia Pardo, Elisaveta Peneva, Begoña Pérez-Gómez, Coralie Perruche, Monika Peterlin, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Nadia Pinardi, Yves Quilfen, Urmas Raudsepp, Richard Renshaw, Adèle Révelard, Emma Reyes-Reyes, M. Ricker, Pablo Rodríguez-Rubio, Paz Rotllán, Eva Royo Gelabert, Anna Rubio, Inmaculada Ruiz-Parrado, Shubha Sathyendranath, Jun She, Cosimo Solidoro, Emil V. Stanev, Joanna Staneva, Andrea Storto, Jian Su, Tayebeh Tajalli Bakhsh, Gavin H. Tilstone, Joaquín Tintoré, Cristina Toledano, Jean Tournadre, Benoit Tranchant, Rivo Uiboupin, Arnaud Valcarcel, Nadezhda Valcheva, Nathalie Verbrugge, Mathieu Vrac, J.-O. Wolff, Enrico Zambianchi, O. Zielinski, Ann-Sofie Zinck, Serena Zunino, Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Laboratoire d’Oéanographie Spatiale [Plouzané] (LOS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute, SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Organismo publico puertos del estado, Université de Liège, Météo France, Met Office Climate Research Division, United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Institut National des Sciences et Techniques de la Mer (INSTM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Deltares system (NETHERLANDS), Deltares system, ARGANS, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Napoli] (CNR), AZTI - Tecnalia, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Universitat de Girona [Girona], Universitat de Girona (UdG), Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici [Bologna] (CMCC), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Napoli] (ISMAR-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Parc Naturel Régional de Corse, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Rijkswaterstaat [Delft], ACRI, acri, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Incheon National University, Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Gothenburg (GU), Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development, University of the South Pacific (USP), Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans (LAUM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Le Mans Université (UM), Inst Ciencias Mar, Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Marine Ecosystems Modeling and Monitoring by Satellites (MEMMS), CLS, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Loughborough University, AZTI-Tecnalia (Marine Research Division), AZTI-Tecnalia, Analytic and Computational Research, Inc. - Earth Sciences (ACRI-ST), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Departament d'Oceanografía Física, Institut de Ciències del Mar, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Sistema d’observació i predicció costaner de les Illes Balears (.) (SOCIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics [ETH Zürich] (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Processus de Transfert et d'Echanges dans l'Environnement - EA 3819 (PROTEE), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Catalytic Spectroscopy Laboratory (CSIC), Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Department of Animal Biology (Institute for Research on Biodiversity (IRBio)), University of Barcelona, Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), UMS 3343 (OSU), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Deltares [The Netherlands], Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology [Zagreb], Faculty of Science [Zagreb], University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), and Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, variability, HF radar, 010505 oceanography, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, salinity, 12. Responsible consumption, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The fundamental role of the ocean for life and well-being on Earth is more and more recognised at the highest political level. In 2015, the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development were adopted by world leaders. The SDG 14 ‘Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development’ is dedicated to the oceans. The mention of the ocean in the Paris Agreement signed in 2016 marked a decisive milestone. In 2018, the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) has been proclaimed (https://en.unesco.org/ocean-decade): The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO will gather ocean stakeholders worldwide behind a common framework to foster evidence-based policy-making. In fall 2019, the IPCC special report on ocean and cryosphere will be published, and will provide an opportunity to increase awareness and action before COP251 (already claimed as ‘Blue COP’).
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Developing a list of invasive alien species likely to threaten biodiversity and ecosystems in the European Union

Author: Jack Sewell, Wojciech Solarz, CA Wood, Belinda Gallardo, Etienne Branquart, Marianne Kettunen, Helen E. Roy, Elena Tricarico, Montserrat Vilà, Alan J. A. Stewart, Tim M. Blackburn, Gordon H. Copp, David C. Aldridge, Piero Genovesi, Riccardo Scalera, Franz Essl, Jodey Peyton, Philip E. Hulme, Alain Roques, Argyro Zenetos, Jan Pergl, Stefan Schindler, Francis Kerckhof, Oliver L. Pescott, Sonia Vanderhoeven, Carles Carboneras, Sven Bacher, Steph L. Rorke, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Karsten Schönrogge, Marc Kenis, John D. D. Bishop, Elizabeth J. Cottier-Cook, Dan Minchin, Emili García-Berthou, Ana Nieto, Tim Adriaens, Juliet Brodie, Wolfgang Nentwig, Gerard van der Velde, Mariana Garcia, Hannah Dean, Jørgen Eilenberg, Cristina Preda, Roy, Helen E [0000-0001-6050-679X], Bacher, Sven [0000-0001-5147-7165], Brodie, Juliet [0000-0001-7622-2564], Copp, Gordon H [0000-0002-4112-3440], Eilenberg, Jørgen [0000-0002-9273-5252], García-Berthou, Emili [0000-0001-8412-741X], Pergl, Jan [0000-0002-0045-1974], Stewart, Alan JA [0000-0001-7878-8879], Tricarico, Elena [0000-0002-7392-0794], Vilà, Montserrat [0000-0003-3171-8261], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universite de Fribourg, Environment Agency Austria, University of Vienna [Vienna], Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), The Laboratory (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom), Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (MBA), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Service Public de Wallonie, Natural History Museum, The Lodge, RSPB, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Bournemouth University [Poole] (BU), Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, department of Plant, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG), Partenaires INRAE, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), IUCN Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC), Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, CABI Europe Switzerland, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Institute for European Environmental Policy, Marine Organism Investigations, University of Bern, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Ovidius University of Constanta, Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière (URZF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Nature Conservation, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), University of Sussex, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Belgian Science Policy Office, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Netherlands Centre of Expertise for Exotic Species, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), European Commission for funding the study (Invasive alien species – framework for the identification of invasive alien species of EU concern ENV.B.2/ETU/2013/0026). Project COST TD1209 (Alien Challenge). Research development project RVO 67985939 (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic). Projects IMPLANTIN (CGL2015‐65346R). The Severo Ochoa Program for Centres of Excellence (SEV‐2012‐0262)., and Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biological invasions, Biodiversity, 01 natural sciences, invasive species, Invasive species (nature management), propagation, policy support (inc. instruments), Primary Research Article, Taxonomic rank, Milieux et Changements globaux, General Environmental Science, media_common, Global and Planetary Change, consensus approach, Invasive species (management), species directed nature management, QK0001, risk assessment, Invasive species (fauna management), Environmental policy, Geography, nature policy, Impacts, Listing (finance), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Consensus approach, B005-zoology, Biodiversity and Ecology, espèce exotique invasive, media_common.cataloged_instance, Ecosystem, European union, Biological invasions, Invasions biològiques, impacts, Environmental planning, introduction de ravageur, biodiversity policy, fauna management, Invasive species (damage management), QK0900, 15. Life on land, introductions, union européenne, Espècies introduïdes -- Avaluació del risc, invasive, Prioritization, Animal Ecology and Physiology, invasieve exoten, Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Biodiversité et Ecologie, biodiversité, uitheemse soorten, Política ambiental, Alien species, impact sur la biodiversité, B004-botany, Risk assessment, invasive alien species, B003-ecology, Ecology, prioritization, Introduced organisms -- Risk assessment, Environmental Policy, QL0001, Europe, invasion biologique, Invasive species (species diversity), Legislation, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, 14. Life underwater, European Union, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, environmental policy, Primary Research Articles, invasieve soorten, politique environnementale, voie d'introduction, Introductions, impact sur l' écosystème, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Introduced Species, évaluation des risques, QH0001
Abstract: The European Union (EU) has recently published its first list of invasive alien species (IAS) of EU concern to which current legislation must apply. The list comprises species known to pose great threats to biodiversity and needs to be maintained and updated. Horizon scanning is seen as critical to identify the most threatening potential IAS that do not yet occur in Europe to be subsequently risk assessed for future listing. Accordingly, we present a systematic consensus horizon scanning procedure to derive a ranked list of potential IAS likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity in the region over the next decade. The approach is unique in the continental scale examined, the breadth of taxonomic groups and environments considered, and the methods and data sources used. International experts were brought together to address five broad thematic groups of potential IAS. For each thematic group the experts first independently assembled lists of potential IAS not yet established in the EU but potentially threatening biodiversity if introduced. Experts were asked to score the species within their thematic group for their separate likelihoods of i) arrival, ii) establishment, iii) spread, and iv) magnitude of the potential negative impact on biodiversity within the EU. Experts then convened for a 2‐day workshop applying consensus methods to compile a ranked list of potential IAS. From an initial working list of 329 species, a list of 66 species not yet established in the EU that were considered to be very high (8 species), high (40 species) or medium (18 species) risk species was derived. Here, we present these species highlighting the potential negative impacts and the most likely biogeographic regions to be affected by these potential IAS., We identified 66 species, that are currently absent from the EU, which pose a very high, high or medium threat to biodiversity and ecosystems. The species span a range of functional groups, with primary producers being numerically dominant. Escape from confinement is the pathway considered to be the most likely route of introduction for many species, particularly among plants and vertebrates.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Hydrogen isotopes in Quaternary mammal collagen from Europe

Author: Anne Bridault, Hervé Bocherens, Mietje Germonpré, Peter E. Sauer, Darren R. Gröcke, Dorothée G. Drucker, Durham University, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies environnementales, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: collagen, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Fauna, stable isotopes, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Early Holocene, mammals, Carnivore, Palaeolithic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, Herbivore, biology, δ13C, Ecology, 010401 analytical chemistry, δ15N, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Pleistocene, diet, 13. Climate action, Cave bear, Mesolithic, Hydrogen
Abstract: International audience; Of the most abundant elemental constituents of organic matter, hydrogen has received the least attention due to its exchangeability with ambient water. The development of steam equilibration using two isotopically distinct waters can enable the user to calculate the proportion of exchangeable H and generate a δ2H value of the non-exchangeable H. Three fossil faunal assemblages from Europe were selected in order to investigate collagen δ2H with respect to body mass, diet and to compare chronological periods in the Quaternary. δ15N values in each suite of fauna show trophic level enrichment, a trend which was also observed in δ2H values. In the case of predatory species with lower δ15N values than other carnivore species, the use of hydrogen isotopes could help to infer the consumption of prey with lower δ15N values rather than a significant dietary contribution of plant foods. For example, a cave bear which exhibits low δ2H values are consistent with low δ15N and therefore point to an herbivorous diet and not omnivory. The combination of δ2H, with δ15N and δ13C, from archaeological and ecological studies of humans and fauna could help reconstruct prey preference; which is especially important when trying to distinguish the quantity of marine versus freshwater resources in diets. Relative to dietary influences, climate variability seems to be a minor control on δ2H in the faunal assemblages studied here.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. New discoveries of tetrapods (ichthyostegid-like and whatcheeriid-like) in the Famennian (Late Devonian) localities of Strud and Becco (Belgium)

Author: Per E. Ahlberg, Gaël Clément, Vincent Pernègre, Edouard Poty, Etienne Steurbaut, Sébastien Olive, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Université de Liège, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Ichthyostega, Paleontology, Vertebrate, Cleithrum, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, Taxon, Genus, biology.animal, Tetrapod (structure), Late Devonian extinction, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The origin of tetrapods is one of the key events in vertebrate history. The oldest tetrapod body fossils are Late Devonian (Frasnian–Famennian) in age, most of them consisting of rare isolated bone elements. Here we describe tetrapod remains from two Famennian localities from Belgium: Strud, in the Province of Namur, and Becco, in the Province of Liège. The newly collected material consists of an isolated complete postorbital, fragments of two maxillae, and one putative partial cleithrum, all from Strud, and an almost complete maxilla from Becco. The two incomplete maxillae and cleithrum from Strud, together with the lower jaw previously recorded from this site, closely resemble the genus Ichthyostega, initially described from East Greenland. The postorbital from Strud and the maxilla from Becco do not resemble the genus Ichthyostega. They show several derived anatomical characters allowing their tentative assignment to a whatcheeriid-grade group. The new tetrapod records show that there are at least two tetrapod taxa in Belgium and almost certainly two different tetrapod taxa at Strud. This locality joins the group of Devonian tetrapod-bearing localities yielding more than one tetrapod taxon, confirming that environments favourable to early tetrapod life were often colonized by several tetrapod taxa.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. New bio-chemostratigraphic dating of a unique early Eocene sequence from southern Europe results in precise mammalian biochronological tie-points

Author: Jean-Yves Storme, Corentin Noiret, Johan Yans, Johann Schnyder, Bernard Marandat, Etienne Steurbaut, Rodolphe Tabuce, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Liège, Belgian Science Policy Office [BR/121/A3/PALEURAFRICA], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Fauna, organic carbon isotopes, Holocene climatic optimum, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Biozone, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Biochronology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, mammals, Endemism, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Biochron, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Geology, hyperthermals, 15. Life on land, Palynofacies, Minervois, 13. Climate action, endemism, Ypresian, Paleogene
Abstract: International audience; European early Eocene (Ypresian) mammalian biochronology, covering a timespan of about 8 myr, includes three distinct MP (Mammal Paleogene) reference levels MP7, MP8+9 and MP10. These are represented in the unique succession of the Minervois (Southern France) by the localities of Fournes (close to MP7), Sainte-Eulalie (close to MP8+9) and Azillanet (close to MP10). Considering homogenous terrestrial organic matter contribution (type III) as suggested by palynofacies and Rock-Eval pyrolysis, we here demonstrate that the organic carbon isotope curve of the predominantly continental Ypresian of the Minervois closely matches the marine standard carbonate carbon isotope curve. The here studied mammalian faunas and their supposed corresponding MP levels can thus be accurately dated and correlated on a global scale. The endemic Fournes mammal fauna, located just above the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2-ETM2, is assigned to mid-Biochron NP11 Calcareous Nannoplankton Zone. Accordingly, the Fournes mammal site is about 2.5 myr younger than the MP7 reference level of Dormaal (Belgium, latest Biochron NP9), about 1 myr younger than the MP7 mammalian locality of Le Clot in the Corbieres (Southern France, late Biochron NP10 or early Biochron NP11) and very close to the Wasatchian Wa-5 mammalian biozone of Wyoming. A mid-Biochron NP12 age is inferred for the endemic Sainte-Eulalie fauna because of its position at the very top of (or just above) the isotopically negative ``ETM3 interval'', whereas the Azillanet fauna, recorded at the top of a delta C-13(org) positive trend above the ``ETM3 interval'', ranges from late Biochron NP12 to early Biochron NP13. Our results indicate that the short-term hyperthermals ETM2 and ETM3 did not affect the endemic character of the mammalian faunas in Southern and Northern Europe during the MP7 to MP8+9 interval. The end of this mammalian endemism likely occurred during the early phases of the EECO (Early Eocene Climatic Optimum) in early late Biochron NP12.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Isotopic evidence for dietary ecology of late Neandertals in North-Western Europe

Author: Isabelle Crevecoeur, Patrick Semal, Christoph Wißing, Hélène Rougier, Hervé Bocherens, Yuichi I. Naito, Mietje Germonpré, PACEA, UMR5199, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Préhistoire, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB), and Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)
Subjects: Mammoth steppe, Ecological niche, 010506 paleontology, Herbivore, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 060101 anthropology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Pleistocene, Ecology, 06 humanities and the arts, 15. Life on land, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Predation, préhistoire, Guild, 0601 history and archaeology, Mammal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Mammoth
Abstract: The Late Pleistocene site “Troisieme caverne” of Goyet (Belgium) has yielded the broadest set of Neandertal remains in North-Western Europe and is associated with a rich and diverse large mammal assemblage. We reconstructed the dietary ecology at the site using stable isotope tracking (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) of bone collagen. The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of all species are consistent with those observed in other “mammoth steppe” sites. The relative contribution of potential prey species to the diet of carnivores (including Neandertals) was evaluated using a Bayesian model. The distribution of individuals from herbivorous species and carnivorous ones was determined through cluster analysis in order to identify ecological niches, regardless of the individual species attribution. The Neandertals within the predator guild and the mammoth and reindeer as representatives of the herbivores occupied the most specific and most narrow ecological niches. The “Troisieme caverne” of Goyet can be regarded as a key site for the investigation of Late Pleistocene Neandertal ecology north of the Alps.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Aquatic resources in human diet in the Late Mesolithic in Northern France and Luxembourg: insights from carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotope ratios

Author: Daniel Mordant, Corinne Thevenet, Richard Cottiaux, Frédérique Valentin, Wim Van Neer, Dorothée G. Drucker, Dominique Delsate, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), sans affiliation, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sans affiliation
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 060102 archaeology, δ13C, Ecology, Stable isotope ratio, Context (language use), 06 humanities and the arts, δ15N, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, 6. Clean water, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Isotopic signature, δ34S, Anthropology, 0601 history and archaeology, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mesolithic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We investigated the contribution of freshwater resources to the diet of seven Late Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (ca. 5300–7000 BC) from Northern France and Luxembourg using stable isotope ratios. In addition to the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N), we explored the potential of the sulphur isotopic ratios (δ34S) to detect and quantify the proportion of protein derived from aquatic foodstuff. In only two sites, animal remains from an associated settlement were available and subsequently examined to decipher the isotopic differential between terrestrial and freshwater resources. The quantification of their relative contribution was simulated using a Bayesian mixing model. The measurements revealed a significant overlap in δ13C values between freshwater and terrestrial resources and a large range of δ15N values for each food category. The δ34S values of the aquatic and terrestrial animals were clearly distinct at the settlement in the Seine valley, while the results on fish from Belgium demonstrated a possible overlap in δ34S values between freshwater and terrestrial resources. Local freshwater ecosystem likely contributed to ca. 30–40 % of the protein in the diet of the individuals found in the Seine settlement. Out of this context, the isotopic signature and thus contribution of the available aquatic foods was difficult to assess. Another potential source of dietary protein is wild boar. Depending on the local context, collagen δ34S values may contribute to better assessment of the relative contribution of freshwater and terrestrial resources.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. The Neoproterozoic Upper Ruvubu alkaline plutonic complex (Burundi) revisited: Large-scale syntectonic emplacement, magmatic differentiation and late-stage circulations of fluids

Author: Vinciane Debaille, Sophie Decrée, Gérard Nimpagaritse, Paul De Paepe, Daniel Demaiffe, Luc Tack, Philippe Boulvais, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Belgisch Ontwikkelingsagentschap, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, ERC StG ISoSyC, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Carbonate-silicate melt immiscibility, Geochemistry, Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Supercontinent, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Fractional crystallization, Rodinia, Géologie, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, fractional crystallization, Fractional crystallization (geology), SCLM, Gabbro, Crustal contamination/assimilation, Proterozoic, Géochimie, Pétrologie, Quartz monzonite, Geology, carbonate-silicate melt immiscibility, Carbonatite, Igneous differentiation, crustal contamination/assimilation, Neoproterozoic
Abstract: The Upper Ruvubu Alkaline Plutonic Complex (URAPC) in Burundi consists of three separate intrusions, each with a specific emplacement age and petrological composition. Three main units are recognized: an outer unit with silica-saturated plutonic rocks (from gabbro to granite), an inner unit with silica-undersaturated plutonic rocks (feldspathoidal syenite with subordinate feldspathoidal monzonite and ijolite) and a carbonatitic body in the subsoil, known by drilling. The URAPC is quite large in size (∼24 km long and up to 10 km wide). It is considered to have been intruded syntectonically in an overall extensional context, thanks to the kilometric shear zones that accommodated its emplacement. Radiometric ages from literature range from 748 to 705 Ma and point to structurally-controlled magmatic differentiation followed by long-lived circulations of late-stage fluids postdating the emplacement of a part of the undersaturated rocks and the carbonatites. In the north-western part of the outer unit, gabbro likely has been emplaced at a deeper structural level than the granite, which represents a more apical structural level of emplacement. This petrological, geochemical and isotopic (Sr-Nd-Hf) study concentrates on the processes that generated the URAPC: (i) fractional crystallization, evidenced by the chemical evolution trends of the major and trace elements, and by marked P, Ti and Ba anomalies in the trace element patterns; (ii) crustal assimilation/contamination, as shown by the wide range of Nd isotope compositions and the general increase of the Sr isotope ratios with increasing SiO 2 contents, and (iii) late-magmatic/hydrothermal alteration inducing an increase of the Sr isotope composition without changing significantly the Nd isotope composition. The isotopic data are consistent with an asthenospheric mantle source, though less depleted than the Depleted Mantle (DM), contaminated by the Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle (SCLM). The silicate and carbonate magmatic series are cogenetic. The outer unit is clearly more contaminated than the inner unit, whereas the carbonatitic body could have evolved by liquid immiscibility. The URAPC lies within East Africa's Western Rift Valley, which is marked by 23 alkaline plutonic complexes. Their emplacement has been ascribed to reactivation of Proterozoic lithospheric weakness zones resulting from the breakup of the Neoproterozoic supercontinent Rodinia supercontinent., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. A scientific name for Pacific oysters

Author: Ryan B. Carnegie, B. L. Bayne, Roger Mann, Sylvie Lapegue, Chris Langdon, Maureen K. Krause, Ximing Guo, Eric N. Powell, Pierre Boudry, Dennis Hedgecock, Jonathan P. Davis, M. Anglès d'Auriac, Thierry Backeljau, Sandra E. Shumway, Donal T. Manahan, Peter G. Beninger, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), Rutgers University [Newark], Rutgers University System (Rutgers), University of Southern California (USC), Hofstra University [Hempstead], Oregon State University (OSU), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, 17390 La Tremblade, France. (LGPMM), Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (IFREMER SG2M), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of Southern Mississippi (USM), University of Connecticut (UCONN), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), and Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SGMM)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, biology, ACL, letter, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Pacific oyster, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, 03 medical and health sciences, Crassostrea, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: WOS:000447083800041; International audience
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Depositional changes during the Danian–Selandian transition in Loubieng (France), Zumaia (Spain) and Sidi Nasseur (Tunisia): insights from and limits of rock magnetism

Author: Simo Spassov, Sébastien Wouters, Etienne Steurbaut, Jean-Yves Storme, Johan Yans, Xavier Devleeschouwer, Mathieu Martinez, Université de Liège, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Département de Géologie [Namur], Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], haematite, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic susceptibility, Rock magnetism, Diagenesis, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paramagnetism, Paleontology, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Paleoclimatology, goethite, magnetic susceptibility, palaeoclimatology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Magnetic viscosity
Abstract: Depositional changes are studied in three sections encompassing the Danian–Selandian transition, Loubieng (France), Zumaia (Spain) and Sidi Nasseur (Tunisia), using magnetic susceptibility as a proxy. Additional rock-magnetic analyses are used to avoid ambiguous interpretation of magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic susceptibility, measured on 90 to 270 samples per section, is mainly controlled by paramagnetic minerals and linked to detrital input. Major increases in the detrital input are correlated to the end of the Latest Danian Event, a hyperthermal, and to the Danian–Selandian boundary. In Loubieng, two gradual increases in magnetic susceptibility within limestones beds precede the major detrital input increases, and start synchronously with the beginning of the Latest Danian Event and the onset of haematite deposition around the Danian–Selandian boundary, respectively. This haematite is suspected to be of primary origin based, among other things, on low magnetic viscosity values, which is used here as an indicator of diagenetic origin in haematite and goethite. The red levels where haematite is interpreted to be of primary origin could be linked to the hyperthermal event previously hypothesized for the basal Selandian. The comparison of the magnetic susceptibility, chemo- and biostratigraphic data between the three sections highlights the condensed nature of the sedimentation around the Danian–Selandian boundary in the sections of the Atlantic realm. The lower part of the Selandian shows a particularly low sedimentation rate at Zumaia compared to Loubieng and Sidi Nasseur. The latter displays the most complete record of the three.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Mystacodon selenensis, Le plus ancien mysticète à dents connu (Cetacea, Mammalia) de l'Éocène supérieur du Pérou : anatomie, phylogénie et adaptations alimentaires

Author: Christian de Muizon, Manuel Martínez-Cáceres, Olivier Lambert, Giovanni Bianucci, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, and Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, food.ingredient, anatomy, Zygomatic process, Biology, Llanocetus, Mystacodontidae, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, food, Raptorial, stomatognathic system, Cheek teeth, Peru, Animalia, late Eocene, Chordata, feeding strategies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Anterior teeth, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Taxonomy, functional morphology, Holotype, Rostrum, Paleontology, Geology, toothed mysticete, Anatomy, Biodiversity, Cetacea, toothed mysticete, late Eocene, Peru, phylogeny, anatomy, functional morphology, feeding strategies, stomatognathic diseases, Mammalia, Postorbital process, Cetacea, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; Mystacodon selenensis Lambert, Martínez-Cáceres, Bianucci, Di Celma, Salas-Gismondi, Steurbaut, Urbina & Muizon, 2017 is a toothed mysticete that represents the earliest member of the suborder in the current state of knowledge. Its holotype is a relatively complete skeleton from the upper Eocene (early Priabonian, c. 36.4 Ma) Yumaque Member of the Paracas Formation from the southern coast of Peru. The thorough description of this specimen is presented here and reveals numerous similarities with the contemporaneous basilosaurids including the retention of an innominate that originally articulated to the unpreserved hind limb. However, several characters of M. selenensis clearly relate this taxon to the mysticetes, such as the large palate with a dorsoventrally flattened rostrum, the posterior extension of the palate with an infraorbital plate of the maxilla, the shortening of the premaxillary part of the rostrum, the zygomatic process of the squamosal being closely apposed to the postorbital process of the frontal, and the humeral head being oriented more proximally than posteriorly. A parsimony analysis retrieves Mystacodon as the earliest diverging branch of the Mysticeti with no close phylogenetic relationship with Llanocetus the second oldest known mysticete (c. 34.2 Ma). The dental formula of M. selenensis is that of basilosaurids (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3). The anterior teeth (incisors and canine) are distinctly proportionally smaller than in basilosaurids, whereas the cheek teeth are very close in relative length, but are relatively larger than in most other toothed mysticetes (except Coronodon). The large cheek teeth of Mystacodon suggest a raptorial feeding strategy, probably assisted with some degree of suction, as indicated by the large size of the palate. The anterior teeth of the holotype display a subhorizontal apical wear facet and the cheek teeth a moderately sloping wear surface, differing from the subvertical attrition facets of basilosaurids. This pattern suggests an efficient dental abrasion resulting from feeding upon abrasive food items or/and from the ingestion of sediment during prey capture, which could indicate some degree of bottom feeding. On the forelimb, the size and orientation of the acromion, the great length of the deltopectoral crest, the massiveness of the olecranon of the ulna, and the strong radial anterior process indicate powerful shoulder movements, which suggest an active use of the forelimb when foraging for food on the sea floor. The robustness of digits and the pachyosteosclerosis of ribs with pestle-like distal end corroborate such a scenario. Mystacodon selenensis represents a first step in the evolutionary history of feeding adaptations of early mysticetes; the latter are likely to have experimented an abundant set of feeding strategies and were probably very eclectic in prey choice and capture before hyperspecialized filter feeding became widespread in the suborder.; Mystacodon selenensis Lambert, Martínez-Cáceres, Bianucci, Di Celma, Salas-Gismondi, Steurbaut, Urbina & Muizon, 2017 est un mysticète à dents qui constitue le plus ancien représentant du sousordre dans l’état actuel des connaissances. L’holotype est un squelette relativement complet provenant de l’Éocène supérieur (Priabonien inférieur) du Membre Yumaque de la Formation Paracas, de la côte sud du Pérou. La description détaillée de ce spécimen est présentée dans ce travail et révèle de nombreuses similitudes avec les basilosauridés contemporains, incluant la rétention d’un coxal initialement articulé au membre postérieur non préservé. Toutefois, plusieurs caractères de M. selenensis rattachent ce taxon aux mysticètes, tels que le vaste palais avec un rostre aplati dorsoventralement, l’extension postérieure du palais en une plaque infraorbitaire du maxillaire, le raccourcissement de la partie prémaxillaire du rostre, le processus zygomatique du squamosal, étroitement apposé au processus postorbitaire du frontal, et la tête humérale, orientée plus proximalement que postérieurement. Une analyse de parcimonie place Mystacodon à la base des mysticètes, sans lien phylogénétique étroit avec Llanocetus le deuxième plus ancien mysticète connu (c. 34.2 Ma). La formule dentaire deM. selenensis est celle des basilosauridés (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3). Les dents antérieures (incisives et canine) sont relativement plus petites que celles des basilosauridés, tandis que les dents jugales sont très proches en longueur relative; ces dernières sont, en revanche, nettement plus grandes que celles de tous les autres mysticètes à dents (à l’exception de Coronodon). Les dents jugales, relativement grandes, de Mystacodon suggèrent une stratégie d’alimentation de type prédateur, probablement aidée par des capacités de succion comme le laisse supposer la grande taille du palais. Les dents antérieures de l’holotype présentent des facettes d’usure apicales subhorizontales et les dents jugales des surfacesd’usure modérément inclinées qui diffèrent des facettes d’attrition subverticales des basilosauridés. Ce modèle suggère une abrasion efficace des dents résultant de l’absorption d’une nourriture abrasive, ou/ et de l’ingestion de sédiment lors de la capture des proies, ce qui impliquerait une alimentation, au moins en partie, sur le fond. Sur le membre antérieur, la taille et l’orientation de l’acromion, la grande longueur de la crête deltopectorale, le caractère massif de l’olécrâne de l’ulna, et le fort processus radial antérieur indiquent de puissants mouvements de l’épaule, qui suggèrent un usage actif du membre antérieur lors de la recherche de nourriture sur les fonds marins. La robustesse des doigts ainsi que la pachyostéosclérose et la dilatation distale des côtes semblent corroborer ce scénario. Mystacodon représente le premier pas dans l’histoire évolutive de l’adaptation alimentaire des premiers mysticètes; ces derniers ont vraisemblablement expérimenté tout un ensemble de stratégies alimentaires et étaient probablement très éclectiques dans le choix et la capture de leurs proies, avant que ne se généralise, au sein du sous-ordre, une alimentation hyperspécialisée par filtration.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. La séquence loessique Pléistocène moyen à supérieur d’Etricourt‑Manancourt (Picardie, France) : un enregistrement pédo‑sédimentaire de référence pour les derniers 350 ka

Author: Magali Barré, Nick Debenham, Michel Lamothe, Laurence Forget Brisson, Stéphane Pirson, David Hérisson, Paolo Spagna, Romain Giros, Sanda Balescu, Yoann Chantreau, Sylvie Coutard, Pierre Antoine, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence wallone du patrimoine, Direction scientifique et technique, Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Quaternary TL surveys, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Middle Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, palaeopedology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Pléistocène moyen, micromorphology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, paléopédologie, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Palaeolithic, Geology, Mousterian, 15. Life on land, Paléolithique, loess, Moustérien, Humanities, Acheuléen, Acheulean, micromorphologie
Abstract: International audience; In this study, we describe a new Middle Pleistocene loess-palaeosol sequence uncovered during a preventive excavation at Étricourt-Manancourt (Somme, France; fig. 1). The full 12-m-thick sequence exhibits five stacked glacial-interglacial cycles and integrates five in situ Palaeolithic levels and remarkably one Acheulean level dated by TL on burned flints at about 280 - 300 ka.Detailed field stratigraphic approach has been completed by (1) a high-resolution sedimentological study (grain size, TOC) based on a set of more than 380 5-cm-thick samples collected from continuous sampling columns covering the entire units, (2) more than 110 micromorphological block samples for thin sections analysis (fig. 3) and (3) a set of 37 sub-samples for the study of heavy minerals. Despite specific samples (tubes) having been extracted for future OSL dating, the geochronological control is mainly based on TL dating of heated (archaeological) flints, completed by IRSL dating on K-feldspars.The archaeological excavation, located on the slope of a dry valley, was opened over more than 4500 m² and led to the discovery of two deep sinkholes developed in the chalk bedrock (fig. 6). The bottom of the deepest one is located at more than 11 m from the surface of the topsoil and 5 m below the average chalk surface. The study of four reference profiles distributed throughout the excavation (figs. 6-9), and their correlation using well defined pedological level marks led to the definition of a ca. 12-m-thick cumulative loess-palaeosols succession including eighteen main stratigraphic units. This approach allowed building a global pedosedimentary sequences for the Étricourt site that presently serves as a reference for northern France (fig. 14 & tab. 2).Here we focus mainly on the detailed description and analysis of palaeosols. The Étricourt sequence includes five luvisols attributed to full interglacial conditions and allocated to MIS 11 (unit 17), MIS 9 (unit 14), MIS 7 (units 8b and 8a) and MIS 5 (unit 5). Two luvisols are thus identified for MIS 7. The pedosedimentary records corresponding to MIS 9 and MIS 5 are represented by well-developed pedocomplexes corresponding to the superimposition of a truncated luvisol and a humic soil complex that includes systematically a grey forest soil (greyzem).During MIS 9e, a luvisol developed on loessic deposits. The truncation of this Bt horizon (unit 14), and its degradation by hydromorphy and solifluction, indicate a phase of climatic degradation following the interglacial optimum, which could be correlated with sub-stage 9d. The “Lower Humic Soil Complex” begins then with a thick layer of dark clayey silts including scattered flint gravels (unit 13). It is characterised by a strong increase in TOC concentrations, compared to the underlying Bt horizon and by an important biological activity attested by numerous earthworm chambers, partially filled with clayey pellets. Two types of clay coatings are superimposed in this soil unit: 1) light brown to orange clay coatings and 2) brownish red to blackish micro-laminated clay coatings, typical of grey forest soils (greyzems). This soil type today is associated with forest-steppe environments and continental cool climates. The overlying horizon (unit 12), in which the Acheulean level HUD is preserved, is represented by a compacted grey-brownish loam showing a strong banded fabric of cryogenic origin. However, the lithic artefacts are very well preserved and not gelifracted.This Acheulean level has been dated around 288 ± 21 ka using TL on heated flint. The overlying dark-brown horizon (unit 11) is then characterised by a strong biological activity attested by pluricentimetric burrows and a peak in TOC values (0.20 %) indicating a typical humic steppe soil (Ah) horizon, probably of the chernozem type. According to palaeo-pedological data the Étricourt “Lower Humic Soil Complex” thus exhibits a progressive mutation of the environments from continental forest to forested steppe or steppe associated to a progressive climatic degradation directly following an interglacial (Early Glacial phase). According to both the location of the soil complex within the full sequence and TL dating results, this phase is allocated to the transition between MIS 9 and MIS 8.Within the “Lower Humic Soil Complex” occurs an intense frost episode responsible for the banding of unit 12. Since the lithic artefacts from HUD are not gelifracted, this episode of freezing-thawing must have occurred after the burial of the Palaeolithic artefacts. The following sequence of events may thus be proposed (fig. 17): erosion and degradation of the interglacial Bt horizon (unit 14) at the end of MIS 9e and 9d; formation of unit 13 during MIS 9c (HUZ occupation); erosion of unit 13 during MIS 9d; and formation of steppe soils (units 12 to 10b) during MIS 9a, according to the LR04 stack (Lisiecki & Raymo, 2005), or MIS8 according to Railsback et al. (2015); degradation and intense freeze-thaw episode responsible for the cryoturbation of unit 12 and transition to gleys and loess at the transition between MIS 9a and 8.The following glacial period that can be allocated to MIS 8 is recorded by the deposition of a non-calcareous loess (unit 8c). The overlying luvisol (unit 8b) shows mainly layered grainy clay coatings including alternations of limpid orange clays and layers of quartz grains similar to the surrounding sediment. The subsequent erosion (truncation) of this interglacial Bt horizon is underlined by a flint gravel bed (Cx). The overlying horizon (unit 8a) shows many pedorelics, papules and large soil aggregates resulting from the erosion and the reworking of the underlying Bt (unit 8b). A new illuviation phase then takes place in the channels and inter-aggregate spaces indicating the formation of a luvisol on the colluvium produced by the erosion of the underlying Bt. It is proposed that the first luvisol (unit 8b) correlates with the first peak of the curve LR04 corresponding to a temperate phase of MIS 7, 7e at ca. 240 ka, and the second luvisol (unit 8a) with the two near peaks 7c and 7a (fig. 17).The subsequent erosion of the Saalian luvisol soil complex results in the deposition of a new colluvial unit (unit 7b). The overlying greyish horizon (unit 7a), including a Middle Palaeolithic archaeological level, appears in the same stratigraphic position than the humic soil layers described in regional sequences as Mautort or Gentelles, at the transition between MIS 7 and MIS 6. At Étricourt, the Upper Saalian (MIS 6) is represented by clayey loess (unit 6b), and “limons à doublets” (wavy banded fabric, unit 6a), separated by a strong erosion phase indicated by a bed of gelifracted flints. This gravel bed contains reworked lithic industry, among which a flint likely originating from the underlying Middle Palaeolithic level included in the second MIS 7 luvisol has been dated to 222 ± 20 ka. Finally at the top of the Saalian loess unit (MIS 6) occurs a typical luvisol showing a well-marked Bt argillic horizon (unit 5) allocated to the Last Interglacial optimum (MIS 5e). The overlying Upper Humic Soil Complex exhibits the same pedostratigraphic succession than the Weichselian Early Glacial reference sequence of Saint-Sauflieu (grey forest soils with numerous earthworm chambers and several steppe soils).MIS 8 and MIS 6 loess deposits have been dated using the IRSL dating technique applied to both single and multiple aliquots (IRSLSAR and IRSLMAAD, fig. 15). The MIS 6 loess deposit has been dated to 144-180 ka, in good agreement with its chronostratigraphic attribution. By contrast, the MIS 8 loess deposit yielded an apparent MIS 7 IRSL age (215-251 ka). These underestimated IRSL ages together with the large scatter of the IRSLSAR ages, suggest that the MIS 8 loess has been reworked at the beginning of MIS 7.Using litho-pedostratigraphy and the available geochronological data (TL and IRSL dating), some correlations can be proposed between the Étricourt loess-palaeosols sequence and other sequences from NW Europe (figs. 1 & 20). This approach shows that the “Lower Humic Soil Complex”, corresponding to MIS 9 is definitely better expressed at Étricourt than in other sections of northern France and can be proposed as a new reference for this interglacial. In addition, in the section of Saint-Pierre-lès-Elbeuf in Normandy, the micromorphological study also highlights the development of a grey forest soil during MIS 9/8 transition. MIS 9 would also be represented by the Achenheim III pedocomplex in the Rhine Valley, composed of a non-leached reddish brown soil and one or more humic soil horizons. Further east in Europe, no luvisols are to be observed for MIS 7 in Achenheim and Paudorf sections, likely due to more continental climatic conditions as recorded by the development of chernozem-like soils.Finally, the mineralogical study and especially the green amphibole content allows highlighting similarities between the Étricourt sequence and loess deposits from Belgium (fig. 16). These similarities combined with the available results from other loess sequences from northern France suggest that the five green amphibole groups recently defined in Belgium can be extended to the two regions. In this context, one specific contribution of the mineralogical study in Étricourt is to suggest the existence of a hiatus within MIS 6. Beyond the chronostratigraphic interest of the distribution of green amphiboles, it will be necessary in the future to discuss its implications in terms of sources and paleogeography. Indeed, the Étricourt-Manancourt sequence covers the full Saalian complex, a period that is characterised both by major palaeogeographic changes, including the opening of the Strait of Dover and the transition from the Lower to the Middle Palaeolithic.; Cet article se focalise essentiellement sur l’approche paléopédologique d’une nouvelle séquence loessique du Pléistocène moyen découverte à l’occasion d’une fouille archéologique préventive à Étricourt-Manancourt (Somme). Cette séquence, d’une douzaine de mètres cumulés, correspond à cinq cycles glaciaire-interglaciaire et intègre cinq niveaux paléolithiques en place. Elle a fait l’objet d’analyses sédimentologiques et micromorphologiques détaillées ainsi que de datations TL sur silex chauffés et IRSL sur feldspaths potassiques. Elle constitue actuellement une nouvelle séquence de référence pédo-sédimentaire pour la France septentrionale pour la fin du Pléistocène moyen (~ 350-140 ka). L’enregistrement comprend cinq luvisols attribués aux SIM 11, 9, 7 et 5e. Deux luvisols sont identifiés pour le SIM 7. Les enregistrements pédo-sédimentaires des SIM 9 et 5 (complexes de sols) sont dilatés et correspondent à la superposition d’un luvisol et d’un pédocomplexe humifère à sol gris forestier (grisol) de contexte Début Glaciaire. Le complexe de sols humifères inférieur attribuable au SIM 9 (« Complexe de sols d’Étricourt ») représente un enregistrement particulièrement détaillé et unique pour le SIM 9 et la transition avec le SIM 8. Un niveau acheuléen situé au-dessus du sol gris forestier du SIM 9 a été daté autour de 288 ± 21 ka par TL sur silex chauffés. Le loess sus-jacent à ce dernier, corrélé au SIM 8, a donné un âge IRSL apparent SIM 7 (215-251 ka) suggérant un remaniement ou une remobilisation du loess au SIM 7. Un niveau paléolithique moyen conservé dans le second luvisol du SIM 7 a été daté à 222 ± 20 ka par TL. Il est surmonté d’un loess primaire allochtone dont les âges IRSL (144-180 ka) confortent son attribution au SIM 6.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. The titanosaurian dinosaur Atsinganosaurus velauciensis (Sauropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France: New material, phylogenetic affinities, and palaeobiogeographical implications

Author: Xavier Valentin, Koen Stein, Géraldine Garcia, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Verónica Díez Díaz, Benjamin Jentgen-Ceschino, Pascal Godefroit, Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Université de Liège, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Palaios association, Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, and Earth System Sciences
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ampelosaurus, 010506 paleontology, biology, Lithostrotia, Palaeontology, Paleontology, Normanniasaurus, biology.organism_classification, Lirainosaurus, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Titanosauria, Palaeobiogeography, Atsinganosaurus, Late Cretaceous, Lirainosaurinae, Type locality, Paludititan, France, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sauropoda
Abstract: International audience; New remains of the titanosaurian sauropod Atsinganosaurus velauciensis from its Upper Cretaceous type horizon and type locality in Velaux-La Bastide Neuve (Bouches-du-Rhône Department, Provence) in southern France are described. This locality is considered to be upper Campanian (Argiles et Grès à Reptiles Formation, Aix-en-Provence Basin). The new material consists of skull fragments, including a partial braincase, isolated teeth, elements of the axial skeleton (cervical, dorsal and caudal vertebrae, ribs), and appendicular bones (scapula, humeri, ulna, metacarpals, ilia, ischia, femur, tibia, metatarsal) from at least 3 individuals. Histological investigation shows that the analysed individuals were mature. The emended diagnosis of Atsinganosaurus velauciensis includes a pubic peduncle of the ilium with a posterior concave surface in its distal half, surrounded by two sharp ridges. Equations for predicting body mass and size in sauropods suggest a body size up to 12 m and a body mass of at least 3.5–5 tonnes for the largest individuals.A phylogenetic analysis including 29 sauropod taxa was performed, with the European titanosaurs Atsinganosaurus, Ampelosaurus, Lirainosaurus, Lohuecotitan, Paludititan (Late Cretaceous) and Normanniasaurus (Early Cretaceous) all scored in the same analysis for the first time. Atsinganosaurus and Ampelosaurus form a clade that is phylogenetically proximal to Lirainosaurus within Lithostrotia – a clade here named Lirainosaurinae nov. – whereas Lohuecotitan and Paludititan form a clade towards the base of Lithostrotia. Normanniasaurus is resolved outside Lithostrotia, but within Titanosauria. From a palaeobiogeographical perspective, the phylogenetic results suggest that European titanosaurs belong to at least three distinct lineages and that two lithostrotian lineages were present during the latest Cretaceous in the European archipelago.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Mistralazhdarcho Maggii , Gen. Et Sp. Nov., A New Azhdarchid Pterosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Southeastern France

Author: Géraldine Garcia, Aude Cincotta, Pascal Godefroit, Romain Vullo, Xavier Valentin, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Paleontology, Series (stratigraphy), Postcrania, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; A series of pterosaur bones from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) of Velaux (Bouches-du-Rhône, southeastern France) is described. This material, including both cranial and postcranial elements found in close association and likely belonging to a single immature individual, is assigned to a new genus and species of azhdarchid pterosaur, Mistralazhdarcho maggii. This large-sized taxon (wingspan ca. 4.5 m in the holotype, possibly reaching 5–6 m in mature individuals) is characterized by a slightly downturned mandibular symphysis that shows a ‘V’-shaped cross-sectional profile and bears a well-developed, anteriorly located median eminence on its dorsal surface. The presence of a median eminence suggests that Mistralazhdarcho might be closely related to Alanqa from the Cenomanian of Morocco. The material described here represents the first partial skeleton of a pterosaur recovered from the Late Cretaceous deposits of western Europe, and the new taxon is one of the most completely known European azhdarchids. Mistralazhdarcho is intermediate in size between the medium-sized genus Eurazhdarcho and the giant-sized genus Hatzegopteryx, two azhdarchids from the Maastrichtian of Romania. The discovery of Mistralazhdarcho suggests the presence of a third azhdarchid size class in the continental ecosystems of the latest Cretaceous European archipelago.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Nouveaux hyaenodontes (Mammalia) de l’Éocène moyen de Birmanie

Author: Chit Sein, Yaowalak Chaimanee, Floréal Solé, Vincent Lazzari, Aung Naing Soe, Olivier Chavasseau, Jean-Jacques Jaeger, Louis de Bonis, Institut International de Paléoprimatologie, Paléontologie Humaine : Evolution et Paléoenvironnement (IPHEP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Department of Geology, and Dagon University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Hyaenodonta, Nova species, biology, Lineage (evolution), Fauna, Pondaung Formation, General Engineering, Zoology, 15. Life on land, Hyainailouridae, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Southeast asia, Geography, Taxon, Laurasia, Genus, Hyaenodontidae, Formation de Pondaung, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The middle Eocene Pondaung Formation in Myanmar has yielded a rich mammalian fauna including several Primate taxa. Hyaenodonta are known by the genera Kyawdawia, Yarshea, Orienspterodon, and two other indeterminate taxa. We describe here new material of Kyawdawia, including some morphological details, a new species of the hypercarnivorous genus Propterodon and an indeterminate species, different from those described earlier in Myanmar, and characterized by a reduction of m3 and would belong to a third lineage with the same evolutionary trend as Galecyon and the Limnocyoninae. The hyainailourines (Orienspterodon) and hyaenodontines (Propterodon) are recorded for the first time in Southeast Asia and these subfamilies appeared in quasi the same time in Europe illustrating probably a profound change in the carnivorous fauna among Laurasia.; La formation de l’Éocène moyen de Pondaung, en Myanmar, a livré une riche faune mammalienne, dans laquelle on a signalé plusieurs taxons de Primates. Parmi les autres ordres de mammifères, celui des Hyaenodonta était connu jusqu’à présent par les genres Kyawdawia, Yarshea, Orienspterodon et deux autres taxons indéterminés. Nous décrivons dans cet article du nouveau matériel de Kyawdawia, qui apporte des précisions sur certains détails morphologiques, une nouvelle espèce du genre hypercarnivore Propterodon ainsi qu’une forme indéterminée, qui diffère de toutes les espèces décrites à ce jour en Birmanie. Elle se caractérise, en particulier, par la réduction de m3, et peut représenter une troisième lignée montrant la même tendance évolutive que les Limnocyoninae et Galecyon. Les hyainailourinés (Orienspterodon) et les hyaenodontinés (Propterodon) sont les plus anciens connus dans le Sud-Est asiatique. Ces sous-familles apparaissent quasiment à la même époque en Europe, et la fin de l’Éocène moyen pourrait correspondre à un changement majeur de la faune de carnassiers en Eurasie.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Assessment of soil metal distribution and environmental impact of mining in Katanga (Democratic Republic of Congo)

Author: Gilles Colinet, Olivier Pourret, Bastien Lange, Grégory Mahy, Maxime Seleck, Sophie Decrée, Mylor Ngoy Shutcha, Jessica Bonhoure, Michel-Pierre Faucon, Hydrogeochemistry Interactions Soil Environment unit (HYDRISE), Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, UniLaSalle, Laboratoire d'Ecologie végétale et de Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Biosystem Engineering (BioSE), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and Université de Lubumbashi
Subjects: Katanga, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Co, Guide reference, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, Zinc smelting, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, Cu, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Statistics, Metallurgy, Lead smelting, 15. Life on land, Pollution, Soil contamination, Phytoremediation, Metals, Rhizopshere, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Soils, Metalloid, Environmental impact of mining
Abstract: International audience; Metal and metalloid (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn) distribution in soils from the Katanga Copperbelt (Democratic Republic of Congo) is investigated in order to characterize the environmental impacts of mining and smelting activities in that area. The concentrations of Cu, Co, As, Zn, Pb and Cd in soils from mining sites are higher than in non-metalliferous sites and above permissible metal and metalloid concentrations in soils. Moreover, the fractionation and mobility of Co, and Cu in such environment is assessed using the application of both ammonium acetate-EDTA extraction and speciation modeling (WHAM 6). The resulting data set covers wide range of environmental conditions (pH, trace metals concentration, natural soils and soils affected by mining and ore processing). These extractions show that only a small fraction of Cu and Co is mobile, with variation depending on sites: mobility is higher in soils affected by mining and ore processing. The strong affinity of Mn-oxides for Co may explain lower Co mobility in Mn-rich soils. The high Mn and Fe contents of Cu–Co soils from Katanga may actually exert a protective effect against the toxic effects of Co. Finally, Cu–Co speciation modeling of contaminated sites emphasizes that organic matter strongly sorb Cu whereas Co speciation is mostly by Mn content. This type of study leads to a better understanding of metal fractionation and can guide to define different practices of phytoremediation.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Fluorapatite in carbonatite-related phosphate deposits: the case of the Matongo carbonatite (Burundi)

Author: Jean-Marc Baele, Philippe Boulvais, Sophie Decrée, Luc Tack, Luc André, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Université de Mons (UMons), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Supergene (geology), Fluorapatite, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Carbonatite-related ore deposits, Burundi, Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Siderite, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, Breccia, Metasomatism, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Matongo, Geophysics, Phosphorite, chemistry, Monazite, Carbonatite, Economic Geology, Neoproterozoic, Geology
Abstract: The Matongo carbonatite intrusive body in the Neoproterozoic Upper Ruvubu alkaline plutonic complex (URAPC) in Burundi is overlain by an economic phosphate ore deposit that is present as breccia lenses. The ore exhibits evidence of supergene enrichment but also preserves textures related to the concentration of fluorapatite in the carbonatitic system. Magmatic fluorapatite is abundant in the ore and commonly occurs as millimeter-sized aggregates. It is enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), which is especially apparent in the final generation of magmatic fluorapatite (up to 1.32 wt% LREE2O3). After an episode of metasomatism (fenitization), which led to the formation of K-feldspar and albite, the fluorapatite-rich rocks were partly brecciated. Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions obtained on the calcite forming the breccia matrix (δ18O = 22.1 ‰ and δ13C = −1.5 ‰) are consistent with the involvement of a fluid resulting from the mixing of magmatic-derived fluids with a metamorphic fluid originating from the country rocks. In a subsequent postmagmatic event, the carbonates hosting fluorapatite were dissolved, leading to intense brecciation of the fluorapatite-rich rocks. Secondary carbonate-fluorapatite (less enriched in LREE with 0.07–0.24 wt% LREE2O3 but locally associated with monazite) and coeval siderite constitute the matrix of these breccias. Siderite has δ18O values between 25.4 and 27.7 ‰ and very low δ13C values (from −12.4 to −9.2 ‰), which are consistent with the contribution of organic-derived low δ13C carbon from groundwater. These signatures emphasize supergene alteration. Finally, the remaining voids were filled with a LREE-poor fibrous fluorapatite (0.01 wt% LREE2O3), forming hardened phosphorite, still under supergene conditions. Pyrochlore and vanadiferous magnetite are other minerals accumulated in the eluvial horizons. As a consequence of the supergene processes and fluorapatite accumulation, the phosphate ore, which contains 0.72 to 38.01 wt% P2O5, is also enriched in LREE (LaN/YbN from 47.1 to 83.5; ΣREE between 165 and 5486 ppm), Nb (up to 656 ppm), and V (up to 1232 ppm). In the case of phosphate exploitation at Matongo, REE could prove to have a subeconomic potential to be exploited as by-products of phosphates.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. The Macquenoise sandstone (Devonian – Lochkovian), a suitable raw material for ancient querns and millstones: quarries, properties, manufacture and distribution in France and Belgium

Author: Picavet, Paul, Renière, Sibrecht, Cnudde, Veerle, De Clercq, Wim, Dreesen, Roland, Fronteau, Gilles, Goemaere, Eric, Hartoch, Else, non-UU output of UU-AW members, Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department for Geology and Soil Science, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB), Groupe d'Étude sur les Géomatériaux et Environnements Naturels, Anthropiques et Archéologiques - EA 3795 (GEGENAA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Dpt VII: Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Gallo-Roman Museum, Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and non-UU output of UU-AW members
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Provenance, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, History and Archaeology, arkose, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Lochkovian, Late iron age, Devonian, geoheritage, milling stone, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Geoheritage, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), distribution area, Gallo-Roman quarry, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: For some years, a French-Belgian team of archaeologists and geologists is investigating the provenance of ancient quern-stones and millstones. Their study revealed the frequent occurrence of particular coarse sandstones derived from Lower Devonian strata in the Ardenne region, known as either the textquotedblleftArkose of Haybestextquotedblright by geologists or the textquotedblleftArkose of Macquenoisetextquotedblright by archaeologists. Material for Late Iron Age and Roman quern-stones and millstones was quarried from open pits located west of the border between France and Belgium, between the Belgian village of Macquenoise (Commune of Momignies, Province of Hainaut) and the French town of Hirson (Aisne Department, Hauts-de-France region). This paper describes the raw materials, presents the different types of grindstones produced through historical times and provides a detailed diffusion map of the millstones.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. A new large squalodelphinid (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from Peru sheds light on the Early Miocene platanistoid disparity and ecology

Author: Christian de Muizon, Olivier Lambert, Elisa Malinverno, Igor M. Villa, Giulia Bosio, Giovanni Bianucci, Mario Urbina, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Bianucci, G, Bosio, G, Malinverno, E, De Muizon, C, Villa, I, Urbina, M, Lambert, O, Département Origines et évolution (O&E), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), and Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Odontoceti, Cetacea, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Earlymiocene, Genus, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Peru, Earth Science, Ecosystem diversity, lcsh:Science, Clade, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecological niche, Early Miocene, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, River dolphin, palaeoecology, biology.organism_classification, Geography, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Earth science Odontoceti, Paleoecology, Squalodelphinidae, lcsh:Q, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Palaeoecology, Phylogeny, Volcanic ash, Research Article
Abstract: The South Asian river dolphin ( Platanista gangetica ) is the only extant survivor of the large clade Platanistoidea, having a well-diversified fossil record from the Late Oligocene to the Middle Miocene. Based on a partial skeleton collected from the Chilcatay Formation (Chilcatay Fm; southern coast of Peru), we report here a new squalodelphinid genus and species, Macrosqualodelphis ukupachai . A volcanic ash layer, sampled near the fossil, yielded the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age of 18.78 ± 0.08 Ma (Burdigalian, Early Miocene). The phylogenetic analysis places Macrosqualodelphis as the earliest branching squalodelphinid. Combined with several cranial and dental features, the large body size (estimated body length of 3.5 m) of this odontocete suggests that it consumed larger prey than the other members of its family. Together with Huaridelphis raimondii and Notocetus vanbenedeni , both also found in the Chilcatay Fm, this new squalodelphinid further demonstrates the peculiar local diversity of the family along the southeastern Pacific coast, possibly related to their partition into different dietary niches. At a wider geographical scale, the morphological and ecological diversity of squalodelphinids confirms the major role played by platanistoids during the Early Miocene radiation of crown odontocetes.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Volcanic influence of Mt. Fuji on the watershed of Lake Motosu and its impact on the lacustrine sedimentary record

Author: Jacqueline Vander Auwera, Laura Lamair, Yusuke Yokoyama, Masanobu Shishikura, Shinya Yamamoto, Atsunori Nakamura, Yosuke Miyairi, Osamu Fujiwara, Marc De Batist, Evelien Boes, Sabine Schmidt, Meriam El Ouahabi, Vanessa M.A. Heyvaert, Stephen P Obrochta, Aurélia Hubert-Ferrari, Giuseppe Siani, University of Liege (Department of Geography), Dpt VII: Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Mount Fuji Research Institute, Yamanashi Prefectural Government, Akita University, Ghent University, Department of Geology, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium., Geological Survey of Japan, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), and The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Stratigraphy, Sediment, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Sedimentation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deposition (geology), Turbidite, Sedimentary depositional environment, Volcano, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Sedimentary rock, 14. Life underwater, Geomorphology, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Lacustrine sediments are particularly sensitive to modifications within the lake catchment. In a volcanic area, sedimentation rates are directly affected by the history of the volcano and its eruptions. Here, we investigate the impact of Mt. Fuji Volcano (Japan) on Lake Motosu and its watershed. The lacustrine infill is studied by combining seismic reflection profiles and sediment cores. We show evidence of changes in sedimentation patterns during the depositional history of Lake Motosu. The frequency of large mass-transport deposits recorded within the lake decreases over the Holocene. Before ~ 8000 cal yr BP, large sublacustrine landslides and turbidites were filling the lacustrine depression. After 8000 cal yr BP, only one large sublacustrine landslide was recorded. The change in sedimentation pattern coincides with a change in sediment accumulation rate. Over the last 8000 cal yr BP, the sediment accumulation rate was not sufficient enough to produce large sublacustrine slope failures. Consequently, the frequency of large mass-transport deposits decreased and only turbidites resulting from surficial slope reworking occurred. These constitute the main sedimentary infill of the deep basin. We link the change in sediment accumulation rate with (i) climate and vegetation changes; and (ii) the Mt. Fuji eruptions which affected the Lake Motosu watershed by reducing its size and strongly modified its topography. Moreover, this study highlights that the deposition of turbidites in the deep basin of Lake Motosu is mainly controlled by the paleobathymetry of the lakefloor. Two large mass-transport deposits, occurring around ~ 8000 cal yr BP and ~ 2000 cal yr BP respectively, modified the paleobathymetry of the lakefloor and therefore changed the turbidite depositional pattern of Lake Motosu.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Pollen-derived biomes in the Eastern Mediterranean-Black Sea-Caspian-Corridor

Author: Mariana Filipova-Marinova, Simon Connor, Natalia Gerasimenko, Fran Bragg, Katerina Kouli, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Petra J. Mudie, Juliana Atanassova, Sandy P. Harrison, Spassimir Tonkov, Ulrich Kotthoff, Elissaveta Bozilova, Eliso Kvavadze, Véronique De Laet, Elena Marinova, Elena Novenko, Maria Lazarova, Carlos E. Cordova, Morteza Djamali, Hülya Caner, Astrid Röpke, Elias Ramezani, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Susanne Jahns, Ioan Tanţǎu, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), University of Bristol [Bristol], Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), The National Museum of Georgia, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai [Cluj-Napoca], University of Sofia, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Софийски университет = Sofia University, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Pollen source, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biome, Climate change, Potential natural vegetation, Land cover, Черное море, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, изменение растительности, Shrubland, Восточное Средиземноморье, Pollen, medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, биомизация, палеоклимат, образцы пыльцы, 15. Life on land, Geography, 13. Climate action, почвенный покров, Physical geography, medicine.symptom, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Vegetation (pathology)
Abstract: International audience; Aim: To evaluate the biomization technique for reconstructing past vegetation in the Eastern Mediterranean-Black Sea-Caspian-Corridor using an extensive modern pollen data set and comparing reconstructions to potential vegetation and observed land cover data. Location: The region between 28-48 degrees N and 22-62 degrees E. Methods: We apply the biomization technique to 1,387 modern pollen samples, representing 1,107 entities, to reconstruct the distribution of 13 broad vegetation categories (biomes). We assess the results using estimates of potential natural vegetation from the European Vegetation Map and the Physico-Geographic Atlas of the World. We test whether anthropogenic disturbance affects reconstruction quality using land use information from the Global Land Cover data set. Results: The biomization scheme successfully predicts the broadscale patterns of vegetation across the region, including changes with elevation. The technique discriminates deserts from shrublands, the prevalence of woodlands in moister lowland sites, and the presence of temperate and mixed forests at higher elevations. Quantitative assessment of the reconstructions is less satisfactory: the biome is predicted correctly at 44% of the sites in Europe and 33% of the sites overall. The low success rate is not a reflection of anthropogenic impacts: only 33% of the samples are correctly assigned after the removal of sites in anthropogenically altered environments. Open vegetation is less successfully predicted (33%) than forest types (73%), reflecting the under-representation of herbaceous taxa in pollen assemblages and the impact of long-distance pollen transport into open environments. Samples from small basins (
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

82 results on '"Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS )"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources