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9 results on '"CCLRC"'

1. Comparison of Methods for Image-Based Profiling of Cellular Morphological Responses to Small-Molecule Treatment

Author

Emma Jenkins, Shantanu Singh, Sandeep Daya, Vebjorn Ljosa, Auguste Genovesio, Neil O. Carragher, Mark E. Roberts, Paul A. Clemons, Katherine L. Sokolnicki, Peter D. Caie, Rob ter Horst, Thouis R. Jones, Anne E. Carpenter, Bournemouth University [Poole] (BU), CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Institut Curie [Paris], Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Support Vector Machine, Phenotypic screening, Population, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Computational biology, Biology, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Article, Analytical Chemistry, Small Molecule Libraries, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Profiling (information science), [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, education, Cell Shape, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Scanning Probe Microscopy, 0104 chemical sciences, Software framework, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Phenotype, Microscopy, Fluorescence, High-content screening, Quantitative Microscopy, MCF-7 Cells, Energy and redox metabolism Mitochondrial medicine [NCMLS 4], Molecular Medicine, Factor Analysis, Statistical, computer, Biotechnology, Test data
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext Quantitative microscopy has proven a versatile and powerful phenotypic screening technique. Recently, image-based profiling has shown promise as a means for broadly characterizing molecules' effects on cells in several drug-discovery applications, including target-agnostic screening and predicting a compound's mechanism of action (MOA). Several profiling methods have been proposed, but little is known about their comparative performance, impeding the wider adoption and further development of image-based profiling. We compared these methods by applying them to a widely applicable assay of cultured cells and measuring the ability of each method to predict the MOA of a compendium of drugs. A very simple method that is based on population means performed as well as methods designed to take advantage of the measurements of individual cells. This is surprising because many treatments induced a heterogeneous phenotypic response across the cell population in each sample. Another simple method, which performs factor analysis on the cellular measurements before averaging them, provided substantial improvement and was able to predict MOA correctly for 94% of the treatments in our ground-truth set. To facilitate the ready application and future development of image-based phenotypic profiling methods, we provide our complete ground-truth and test data sets, as well as open-source implementations of the various methods in a common software framework.

Published
2013
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2. Coordination Complexes Exhibiting Anion···π Interactions: Synthesis, Structure, and Theoretical Studies

Author

Simon J. Teat, Guillem Aromí, Olivier Roubeau, P. M. Deya, Patrick Gamez, David Quiñonero, Antonio Frontera, Elizabeth J. Shotton, Leoní A. Barrios, Departament de Quimica Inorganica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Depatment of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centre de recherches Paul Pascal (CRPP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Advanced Light Source [LBNL Berkeley] (ALS), and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL)

Subjects
Anions, Models, Molecular, Denticity, Stereochemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Electrons, Ligands, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, Molecule, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Perchloric acid, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Triazine, Perchlorates, Molecular Structure, Triazines, 010405 organic chemistry, Ligand, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Copper, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, chemistry, chimie de coordination, Crystallization
Abstract

The polydentate ligand 2,4,6-tris(dipyridin-2-ylamino)-1,3,5-triazine (dpyatriz) in combination with the Cu(ClO 4) 2/CuX 2 salt mixtures (X (-) = Cl (-), Br (-), or N 3 (-)) leads to the formation of molecular coordination aggregates with formulas [Cu 3Cl 3(dpyatriz) 2](ClO 4) 3 ( 2), [Cu 3Br 3(dpyatriz) 2](ClO 4) 3 ( 3), and [Cu 4(N 3) 4(dpyatriz) 2(DMF) 4(ClO 4) 2](ClO 4) 2 ( 4). These complexes consist of two dpyatriz ligands bridged via coordination to Cu (II) and disposed either face-to-face in an eclipsed manner ( 2 and 3) or parallel and mutually shifted in one direction. The copper ions complete their coordination positions with Cl (-) ( 2), Br (-) ( 3), or N 3 (-), ClO 4 (-), and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) ( 4) ligands. All complexes crystallize together with noncoordinate ClO 4 (-) groups that display anion...pi interactions with the triazine rings. These interactions have been studied by means of high level ab initio calculations and the MIPp partition scheme. These calculations have proven the ClO 4 (-)...[C 3N 3] interactions to be favorable and have revealed a synergistic effect from the combined occurrence of pi-pi stacking of triazine rings and the interaction of these moieties with perchlorate ions, as observed in the experimental systems.

Published
2008
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3. Self-assembled conjugated polyelectrolyte?surfactant complexes as efficient cathode interlayer materials for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

Author

Rachel C. Evans, Philippe Dubois, Ann E. Terry, Olivier Coulembier, Ahmad Mehdi, Bruno Van Mele, Wouter Maes, Judith E. Houston, Niko Van den Brande, Roberto Lazzaroni, Jurgen Kesters, Sébastien Richeter, Sébastien Clément, Michèle Chevrier, Materials and Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Université de Mons (UMons), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Trinity College Dublin, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), ISIS-CCLRC, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Evans, Rachel Claire [0000-0003-2956-4857], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
3403 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry, 34 Chemical Sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Library science, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 4016 Materials Engineering, 0104 chemical sciences, Self assembled, Conjugated polyelectrolyte, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Work (electrical), Political science, General Materials Science, European commission, Science policy, Cost action, 7 Affordable and Clean Energy, 0210 nano-technology, 40 Engineering
Abstract

International audience; Interfacial engineering is poised to play a key role in delivering solution-processable organic solar cells that simultaneously feature low cost and high efficiency. Here, we report the strategic design, synthesis and characterisation of phosphonium-functionalised polythiophene homo- (P3HTPMe3) and diblock (P3HT-b-P3HTPMe3) conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) coupled with either bromide (Br-) or dodecylsulfate (DS-) surfactant counterions, for application as cathodic interlayers in polymer solar cells. The counterion is shown to have a pronounced effect on the properties of the CPEs in solution. Optical studies revealed that the bulkier DS- counterion hinders interchain interactions more effectively, leading to a moderate blue-shift in the absorption and emission maxima. Similarly, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies also indicated that the solution structures, solvent content, and therefore hydrophobicity, were extremely dependent on both the CPE structure and counterion. The effect of the CPE structure on the thermal properties of the CPE-surfactant complexes was also investigated by Rapid Heat–Cool calorimetry (RHC) measurements. CPE-DS complexes were subsequently employed as cathodic interfacial layers and shown to boost the efficiency of PBDTTPD:PC71BM solar cells, leading to enhanced power conversion efficiencies of 8.65% and 8.78% (on average) for P3HTPMe3,DS and P3HT-b-P3HTPMe3,DS, respectively. These values are siginificantly higher (~20%) than those for the corresponding device incorporating a Ca interfacial layer (7.18%), which is attributed to an increase in short-circuit current density. Atomic force microscopy studies revealed distinctions in the adhesion efficiencies of the CPE-DS complexes to the photoactive layer, which is attributed to differences in the relative hydrophobicity of the CPEs in the deposition solution.

Published
2015
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4. Rearrangement of the structure during nucleation of a cordierite glass doped with TiO2

Author

Dominique Massiot, Alex C. Hannon, Valérie Montouillout, Marie Guignard, Laurent Cormier, Nicolas Menguy, Brigitte Beuneu, Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération RMN du Solide à Hauts Champs (FRMN-SHC), ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB - UMR 12), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-06-JCJC-0010,NUCLEVITRO,Mechanisms of nucleation in nanocomposite glass-ceramics(2006), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, and CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)

Subjects
Ceramics, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Materials science, nucleation, Oxide, Nucleation, FOS: Physical sciences, Magnesium aluminosilicate, Cordierite, 02 engineering and technology, Neutron scattering, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, neutron diffraction, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, X-Ray Diffraction, Glassy matrix, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], glass, Neutrons, Titanium, solid state NMR, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Models, Statistical, Physics, Doping, Temperature, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, Chemical physics, electronic microscopy, engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Nanoparticles, Crystallization, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Ordering of disordered materials occurs during the activated process of nucleation that requires the formation of critical clusters that have to surmount a thermodynamic barrier. The characterization of these clusters is experimentally challenging but mandatory to improve nucleation theory. In this paper, the nucleation of a magnesium alumino-silicate glass containing the nucleating oxide TiO 2 is investigated using neutron scattering with Ti isotopic substitution and 27 Al NMR. We identified the structural changes induced by the formation of crystals around Ti atoms and show important structural reorganization of the glassy matrix.

Published
2010
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5. A Supramolecular Ladderlike Structure Formed by the Auto-Assembly of Benzene-1,3,5-triphosphonic Acid

Author

Paul-Alain Jaffrès, Gary B. Hix, Vincent Caignaert, Loïc Le Pluart, Jean Michel Rueff, John E. Warren, Nottingham Trent University, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire et thioorganique (LCMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique (CEMCA), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), and Université de Brest (UBO)

Subjects
010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Hydrogen bond, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Synthon, Supramolecular chemistry, Aromaticity, General Chemistry, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallography, General Materials Science, Metal-organic framework, Trimesic acid, Benzene
Abstract

International audience; Benzene-1,3,5-triphosphonic acid 1, which is the phosphonic acid analogue of trimesic acid, forms a columnar packing in the solid state that is characterized by strong hydrogen bonds (contact distances O···O ranging from 2.55 to 2.60 Å) and π-stacking (d(Ar···Ar) = 3.89 and 3.69 Å) involving the aromatic rings, thus designing an organic supramolecular ladder structure by auto-assembly.

Published
2007
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6. Preparation and Structure of Three Solvatomorphs of the Polymer [Co(dbm)2(4ptz)]n: Spin Canting Depending on the Supramolecular Organization

Author

Olivier Roubeau, Leoní A. Barrios, Simon J. Teat, Joan Ribas, Jordi Ribas-Arino, Patrick Gamez, Guillem Aromí, Departament de Quimica Inorganica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Departament de Quimica Fisica and CERQT, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centre de recherches Paul Pascal (CRPP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 010405 organic chemistry, Hydrogen bond, Stereochemistry, Intermolecular force, Stacking, Supramolecular chemistry, Polymer, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystallography, chemistry, law, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Crystallization, Cis–trans isomerism, Spin canting
Abstract

9 pages; International audience; The syntheses and X-ray structures of three isomeric 1D coordination polymers are reported. The complex [Co- (dbm)2(MeOH)2] (1) was used as a precursor in these reactions. The preparation and structure of 1 is also presented; this mononuclear complex is in the cis configuration because this allows the formation of a network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the solid state. Reaction of 1 with 2,4,6-tris-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (4ptz) yields the polymers [Co(dbm)2(4ptz)]nânTHF (2a), [Co(dbm)2(4ptz)]nâ0.75nTHFâ0.5nEt2O (2b), and [Co(dbm)2(4ptz)]nâ3nDMF (2c) in the form of zigzag chains, instead of the expected honeycomb architectures. This is because of the establishment of extended ð-ð stacking throughout these solids, which could not have occurred otherwise. Compounds 2a, 2b, and 2c are solvatomorphs, and formation of either one of them depends on the exact conditions of crystallization, which lead to significant differences in the supramolecular organization of the chains. Bulk magnetic measurements on 2a reveal weak antiferromagnetic exchange within the chains and small ordering throughout the solid that results in the manifestation of the phenomenon of spin canting, whereas for 2c the different supramolecular organization causes the antiferromagnetic exchange not to result in spin canting.

Published
2007
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7. Polycationic Disorder in [Bi6O4(OH)4](NO3)6: Structure Determination Using Synchrotron Radiation and Microcrystal X-Ray Diffraction

Author

Francis Abraham, Natacha Henry, Pascal Roussel, Olivier Mentré, Elisabeth Maclean, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (CCLRC), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille

Subjects
Diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis, Synchrotron radiation, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Bismuth, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, symbols.namesake, law, Materials Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Hydrogen bond, General Medicine, Condensed Matter Physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 0104 chemical sciences, Thermogravimetry, Crystallography, chemistry, X-ray crystallography, Ceramics and Composites, symbols, Raman spectroscopy, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The bismuth basic nitrate [Bi 6 O 4 (OH) 4 ](NO 3 ) 6 crystallizes in a rhombohedral hexagonal unit cell with parameters a = 15.1332 ( 6 ) A , c = 15.7909 ( 9 ) A , V = 3131.8 ( 3 ) A 3 , Z = 6 , space group R -3. The synthesis, formula determination, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrate assay, and finally, its crystal structure refinement determined at 150(2) K by synchrotron X-ray microcrystal diffraction are reported. Its structure is built from [Bi 6 O 4 (OH) 4 ] 6+ polycations, six per unit cell, disordered over two positions. Two oxygen atoms are common to the two antagonist polycations (full occupancy) while the remaining six are partially occupied. The [Bi 6 O 4 (OH) 4 ] 6+ hexanuclear clusters form columns along the c -axis. The cohesion between polycationic entities is effected by nitrate anions through either OH–ONO 2 hydrogen bonds or Bi–ONO 2 bonds. One of the two independent [NO 3 ] − groups is also disordered over two positions. Only a local order in the columns is obtained by formation of pairs of ordered [Bi 6 O 4 (OH) 4 ] 6+ polycations.

Published
2006
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8. Novel interface for cultural heritage at SOLEIL

Author

Loïc Bertrand, Emmanuel Pantos, D. Vantelon, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)

Subjects
Architectural engineering, Engineering, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Interface (Java), 02 engineering and technology, [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, 01 natural sciences, Synchrotron, Optics, Methods, General Materials Science, Analysis method, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Soft X-radiation, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SHS.ART]Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Cultural heritage, Archaeology, 0210 nano-technology, business, Organization
Abstract

The information that can be retrieved from the study of ancient materials and studies on their conservation rely strongly on the development and application of new techniques of physical analysis. This is particularly important at a time when global changes affecting our environment and way of life impose new stresses putting heritage preservation at risk. For this purpose, synchrotron techniques are particularly suited to the non- (or micro-) destructive characterisation of such heterogeneous materials, and a steep increase in the number of publications has been noticed recently from cultural heritage works using synchrotron radiation.

Published
2006
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9. Determination of the limiting low pressure rate constants of the reactions of CH with N2 and CO: a CRESU measurement at 53 K

Author

Bertrand R. Rowe, Ian W. M. Smith, André Canosa, R.A. Brownsword, Se´bastien D. Le Picard, Physique des atomes, lasers, molécules et surfaces (PALMS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (CCLRC), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Chemistry, Radical, Photodissociation, Analytical chemistry, Atmospheric temperature range, 010402 general chemistry, Kinetic energy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, 0104 chemical sciences, Reaction rate constant, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The pulsed laser photolysis, time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence technique has been implemented in a CRESU (Cine′tiquedeRe′actionenEcoulementSupersoniqueUniforme) apparatus to measure the rates of the association reactions of CH radicals with N2 and CO at 53 K and five different densities of the carrier gas Ar. The pressure-dependent rate constants have been combined with those reported previously for the temperature range 202⩽T/K⩽584 (R. A. Brownsword, L. B. Herbert, I. W. M. Smith and D. W. A. Stewart, J. Chem. Soc., FaradayTrans., 1996, 92, 1087) to yield, via a global fitting procedure, the following expressions for the two rate constants in the limit of low pressure: These expressions are very similar to those deduced previously by Brownsword etal., demonstrating that the analysis of rate constants for association reactions by the methods proposed by Troe (J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 66, 4758) can be applied over a wide range of temperature. These low temperature kinetic data, especially those for CH+N2, have some relevance to the chemistry of the atmospheres of some planets and planetary moons.

Published
1998
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