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1. Synergies of THESEUS with the large facilities of the 2030s and guest observer opportunities

Author

Stefan Grimm, Enrico Bozzo, P. T. O'Brien, Antonio Martin-Carrillo, Andrea Ferrara, Sandro Mereghetti, Piero Rosati, G. Oganesyan, G. Guidorzi, Nikolaos Stergioulas, S. Turriziani, Francesco Longo, Marica Branchesi, J. P. Osborne, D. Porquet, Lorenzo Amati, S. Basa, Stéphane Paltani, Giancarlo Ghirlanda, Dafne Guetta, Solen Balman, M. H. Erkut, Sarah L. Casewell, Olga Sergijenko, Ruben Salvaterra, Joseph Caruana, Andrew Blain, S. D. Vergani, Giulia Stratta, Michele Maggiore, R. Ciolfi, Maurizio Spurio, E. Le Floc'h, Andreja Gomboc, Andrea Rossi, Lise Christensen, Nial R. Tanvir, Filippo Frontera, F. Schüssler, Jan Harms, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Rosati, P, Basa, S, Blain, A W, Bozzo, E, Branchesi, M, Christensen, L, Ferrara, A, Gomboc, A, O'Brien, P T, Osborne, J P, Rossi, A, Schüssler, F, Spurio, M, Stergioulas, N, Stratta, G, Amati, L, Casewell, S, Ciolfi, R, Ghirlanda, G, Grimm, S, Guetta, D, Harms, J, Le Floc'h, E, Longo, F, Maggiore, M, Mereghetti, S, Oganesyan, G, Salvaterra, R, Tanvir, N R, Turriziani, S, Vergani, S D, Balman, S, Caruana, J, Erkut, M H, Guidorzi, G, Frontera, F, Martin-Carrillo, A, Paltani, S, Porquet, D, Sergijenko, O, Rosati P., Basa S., Blain A.W., Bozzo E., Branchesi M., Christensen L., Ferrara A., Gomboc A., O'Brien P.T., Osborne J.P., Rossi A., Schussler F., Spurio M., Stergioulas N., Stratta G., Amati L., Casewell S., Ciolfi R., Ghirlanda G., Grimm S., Guetta D., Harms J., Le Floc'h E., Longo F., Maggiore M., Mereghetti S., Oganesyan G., Salvaterra R., Tanvir N.R., Turriziani S., Vergani S.D., Balman S., Caruana J., Erkut M.H., Guidorzi G., Frontera F., Martin-Carrillo A., Paltani S., Porquet D., and Sergijenko O.

Subjects
cosmological model, neutron star: binary, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Computer science, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, GW170817, multi-messenger astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, COSMIC cancer database, gamma-ray bursts, REIONIZATION, gravitation wave sources, star: formation, AFTERGLOWS, neutrino: detector, Neutrino detector, Gravitation wave sources, Gamma-ray bursts, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Exploit, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma ray: burst, Observer (physics), X-ray sources, NO, electromagnetic field: production, neutrino: production, binary: coalescence, Neutrino sources, 0103 physical sciences, gamma ray: detector, X-ray: emission, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Gamma-ray burst, Neutrino source, Multi-messenger astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Multi-messenger astrophysic, neutrino: particle source, binary: compact, Data science, Universe, gravitational radiation detector, detector: sensitivity, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, gravitational radiation: emission, Gravitation wave source, gravitational radiation: localization, X-ray: detector
Abstract

The proposed THESEUS mission will vastly expand the capabilities to monitor the high-energy sky, and will exploit large samples of gamma-ray bursts to probe the early Universe back to the first generation of stars, and to advance multi-messenger astrophysics by detecting and localizing the counterparts of gravitational waves and cosmic neutrino sources. The combination and coordination of these activities with multi-wavelength, multi-messenger facilities expected to be operating in the thirties will open new avenues of exploration in many areas of astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics, thus adding considerable strength to the overall scientific impact of THESEUS and these facilities. We discuss here a number of these powerful synergies., Revised version after submission to Experimental Astronomy

Published
2021

2. THESEUS: A key space mission concept for Multi-Messenger Astrophysics

Author

F. Fuschino, Ruben Salvaterra, F. Frontera, M. Branchesi, Bruce Gendre, U. Maio, Stefano Covino, Tomaz Rodic, Giancarlo Ghirlanda, Serena Vinciguerra, D. Mereghetti, Andrea Rossi, Lorenzo Amati, Diego Götz, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Monica Colpi, Roberto Mignani, P. D'Avanzo, Riccardo Campana, Eliana Palazzi, Andrea Bulgarelli, M. G. Bernardini, Valerio D'Elia, Jochen Greiner, Elisabetta Maiorano, Enzo Brocato, Joseph Caruana, Piero Rosati, R. L. C. Starling, Nial Tanvir, Riccardo Ciolfi, G. Stratta, S. D. Vergani, S. Colafrancesco, Claudio Labanti, Bing Zhang, Dorottya Szécsi, M. Razzano, Enrico Bozzo, Antonio Stamerra, D. Malesani, René Hudec, Francesco Longo, Luciano Rezzolla, S. Piranomonte, M. de Pasquale, Richard Willingale, B. Patricelli, J. P. Osborne, P. T. O'Brien, Peter G. Jonker, Luciano Nicastro, C. Guidorzi, Aniello Grado, M. Boer, Alessandro Drago, Maria Giovanna Dainotti, Carole Mundell, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, University of Geneva [Switzerland], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), University of Ferrara [Ferrara], Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), INAF-IASF Milano, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ASI-Science Data Center, Rome, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Dark Cosmology Centre (DARK), Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Meudon (OBSPM), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ASU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THESEUS, Stratta, G., Ciolfi, R., Amati, L., Bozzo, E., Ghirlanda, G., Maiorano, E., Nicastro, L., Rossi, A., Vinciguerra, S., Frontera, F., Götz, D., Guidorzi, C., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J. P., Tanvir, N., Branchesi, M., Brocato, E., Dainotti, M. G., De Pasquale, M., Grado, A., Greiner, J., Longo, F., Maio, U., Mereghetti, D., Mignani, R., Piranomonte, S., Rezzolla, L., Salvaterra, R., Starling, R., Willingale, R., Böer, M., Bulgarelli, A., Caruana, J., Colafrancesco, S., Colpi, M., Covino, S., D'Avanzo, P., D'Elia, V., Drago, A., Fuschino, F., Gendre, B., Hudec, R., Jonker, P., Labanti, C., Malesani, D., Mundell, C. G., Palazzi, E., Patricelli, B., Razzano, M., Campana, R., Rosati, P., Rodic, T., Szécsi, D., Stamerra, A., van Putten, M., Vergani, S., Zhang, B., Bernardini, M., Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Stratta, G, Ciolfi, R, Amati, L, Bozzo, E, Ghirlanda, G, Maiorano, E, Nicastro, L, Rossi, A, Vinciguerra, S, Frontera, F, Götz, D, Guidorzi, C, O'Brien, P, Osborne, J, Tanvir, N, Branchesi, M, Brocato, E, Dainotti, M, De Pasquale, M, Grado, A, Greiner, J, Longo, F, Maio, U, Mereghetti, D, Mignani, R, Piranomonte, S, Rezzolla, L, Salvaterra, R, Starling, R, Willingale, R, Böer, M, Bulgarelli, A, Caruana, J, Colafrancesco, S, Colpi, M, Covino, S, D'Avanzo, P, D'Elia, V, Drago, A, Fuschino, F, Gendre, B, Hudec, R, Jonker, P, Labanti, C, Malesani, D, Mundell, C, Palazzi, E, Patricelli, B, Razzano, M, Campana, R, Rosati, P, Rodic, T, Szécsi, D, Stamerra, A, van Putten, M, Vergani, S, Zhang, B, and Bernardini, M

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Computer science, Astronomy, Astronomical and space-research instrumentation, Gamma-ray bursts, Gamma-ray sources, X-ray bursts, X-ray sources, Aerospace Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Economica, astronomical and space-research instrumentation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [PHYS]Physics [physics], energy: high, gamma-ray bursts, Gamma-ray source, neutrino: detector, Geophysics, Upgrade, Neutrino detector, upgrade, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic Vision, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), frequency: high, X-ray source, 0103 physical sciences, gravitational radiation: frequency, Gamma-ray burst, X-ray burst, gamma-ray sources, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, family: 3, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gravitational radiation detector, Universe, messenger, electromagnetic, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

The recent discovery of the electromagnetic counterpart of the gravitational wave source GW170817, has demonstrated the huge informative power of multi-messenger observations. During the next decade the nascent field of multi-messenger astronomy will mature significantly. Around 2030, third generation gravitational wave detectors will be roughly ten times more sensitive than the current ones. At the same time, neutrino detectors currently upgrading to multi km^3 telescopes, will include a 10 km^3 facility in the Southern hemisphere that is expected to be operational around 2030. In this review, we describe the most promising high frequency gravitational wave and neutrino sources that will be detected in the next two decades. In this context, we show the important role of the Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS), a mission concept proposed to ESA by a large international collaboration in response to the call for the Cosmic Vision Programme M5 missions. THESEUS aims at providing a substantial advancement in early Universe science as well as playing a fundamental role in multi-messenger and time-domain astrophysics, operating in strong synergy with future gravitational wave and neutrino detectors as well as major ground- and space-based telescopes. This review is an extension of the THESEUS white paper (Amati et al. 2017), also in light of the discovery of GW170817/GRB170817A that was announced on October 16th, 2017., Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, accepted to Advances in Space Research with minor revisions. Details on the THESEUS instrumentation, science case and expected performances can also be found in Amati et al. 2017 (arXiv:1710.04638) and in the presentations of the THESEUS Workshop 2017 (http://www.isdc.unige.ch/theseus/workshop2017-programme.html). v2 few typos corrected

Published
2018

3. The THESEUS space mission concept: science case, design and expected performances

Author

Martino Marisaldi, Enrico Bozzo, Valerie Connaughton, Dorottya Szécsi, D. Malesani, L. Maraschi, B. Cordier, P. D'Avanzo, Salvatore Capozziello, Darach Watson, C. Contini, Maryam Modjaz, Pierluigi Bellutti, M. de Pasquale, C. Guidorzi, Colleen A. Wilson-Hodge, O. Boulade, C. Adami, Y. Evangelista, A. Argan, Johan P. U. Fynbo, Y.-W. Dong, Poshak Gandhi, Allan Hornstrup, Eliana Palazzi, Andrea Bulgarelli, Andrea Comastri, E. Geza, Luciano Burderi, Giuseppe Malaguti, D. de Martino, Irfan Kuvvetli, S.-N. Zhang, Claudio Labanti, Fiamma Capitanio, Luca Izzo, Bradley Cenko, A. Melandri, Umberto Maio, Nicola Omodei, Stefano Ettori, C. Butler, S. D. Vergani, S. Zhang, Lajos G. Balázs, Patricia Schady, Federica B. Bianco, M. Branchesi, Jens Hjorth, Jochen Greiner, Felix Ryde, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Piero Malcovati, Lorraine Hanlon, Peter G. Jonker, M. Della Valle, Elena Pian, Piotr Orleanski, Etienne Renotte, W. Skidmore, L. Sabau-Graziati, Mauro Dadina, Carl Budtz-Jørgensen, Tomaz Rodic, Giancarlo Ghirlanda, Luigi Piro, Sheila McBreen, M. Fiorini, M. Topinka, Jan Harms, Riccardo Ciolfi, Yi Chen, Giacomo Vianello, Ester Piedipalumbo, Zsolt Bagoly, Aniello Grado, Yuki Kaneko, Vito Sguera, B. Morelli, E. Le Floc'h, Luciano Rezzolla, K. Wiersema, Remo Ruffini, E. Del Monte, J. P. Osborne, M. G. Bernardini, A. Gomboc, A. De Luca, Stefano Covino, Ian Hutchinson, A. Antonelli, Enzo Brocato, Mark R. Sims, M. Razzano, Elisabetta Maiorano, Jean-Luc Atteia, J. Zicha, S. Korpela, Eros Vanzella, V. D'Elia, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Marco Feroci, Carole Mundell, A. V. Penacchioni, J. Soomin, Gabriele Ghisellini, Sandra Savaglio, N. Shigehiro, Andrea Santangelo, Antonio Martin-Carrillo, Avishay Gal-Yam, A. M. Read, Piergiorgio Casella, Giuseppe Baldazzi, B. Ciardi, Pawan Kumar, Li Song, V. Lebrun, G. Zampa, Daisuke Yonetoku, S. Vojtech, Gregor Rauw, Piero Rosati, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Bruce Gendre, Tsvi Piran, A. Rachevski, S. Basa, T. Li, Michela Uslenghi, Gianluca Morgante, Michèle Lavagna, Pascal Chardonnet, Andrew MacFadyen, Asaf Pe'er, Sandro Mereghetti, Alessandro Drago, M. Hafizi, Richard Willingale, D. Morris, Bing Zhang, Paolo Giommi, Andrea Ferrara, Mauro Orlandini, Maria Giovanna Dainotti, N. Masetti, Yuji Urata, Maxim Lyutikov, A. Vacchi, László L. Kiss, E. Campolongo, M. Boer, Lorenzo Amati, Diego Götz, Andrew Blain, M. T. Botticella, C. Tenzer, Monica Colpi, Victor Reglero, Roberto Mignani, Michael S. Briggs, Joseph Caruana, Elizabeth R. Stanway, S. Colafrancesco, Francesca Panessa, H. U. Nargaard-Nielsen, F. Lu, Giuseppe Bertuccio, A. Paizis, P. Romano, S. Vercellone, Luciano Nicastro, S. Paltani, G. Pareschi, G. Stratta, V. Petrosian, João Braga, N. Zampa, Nial Tanvir, James E. Rhoads, Raffaella Margutti, Luca Valenziano, Søren Brandt, S. Boci, Andrea Rossi, Paul J. Callanan, Annalisa Celotti, N. Kawai, René Hudec, Francesco Longo, Primo Attina, G. L. Israel, F. Fuschino, Fabio Finelli, M. Hernanz, Ruben Salvaterra, F. Frontera, P. T. O'Brien, Sergio Campana, Rupal Basak, Riccardo Campana, Eleonora Troja, Jordan Camp, Petr Páta, S. Piranomonte, G. Tagliaferri, Sylvain Guiriec, R. L. C. Starling, B. B. Zhang, Natalia Auricchio, Serena Vinciguerra, Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, European Commission, Czech Grant Agency, ITA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), THESEUS, Amati, L, O'Brien, P, Götz, D, Bozzo, E, Tenzer, C, Frontera, F, Ghirlanda, G, Labanti, C, Osborne, J, Stratta, G, Tanvir, N, Willingale, R, Attina, P, Campana, R, Castro-Tirado, A, Contini, C, Fuschino, F, Gomboc, A, Hudec, R, Orleanski, P, Renotte, E, Rodic, T, Bagoly, Z, Blain, A, Callanan, P, Covino, S, Ferrara, A, Le Floch, E, Marisaldi, M, Mereghetti, S, Rosati, P, Vacchi, A, D'Avanzo, P, Giommi, P, Piranomonte, S, Piro, L, Reglero, V, Rossi, A, Santangelo, A, Salvaterra, R, Tagliaferri, G, Vergani, S, Vinciguerra, S, Briggs, M, Campolongo, E, Ciolfi, R, Connaughton, V, Cordier, B, Morelli, B, Orlandini, M, Adami, C, Argan, A, Atteia, J, Auricchio, N, Balazs, L, Baldazzi, G, Basa, S, Basak, R, Bellutti, P, Bernardini, M, Bertuccio, G, Braga, J, Branchesi, M, Brandt, S, Brocato, E, Budtz-Jorgensen, C, Bulgarelli, A, Burderi, L, Camp, J, Capozziello, S, Caruana, J, Casella, P, Cenko, B, Chardonnet, P, Ciardi, B, Colafrancesco, S, Dainotti, M, D'Elia, V, De Martino, D, De Pasquale, M, Del Monte, E, Della Valle, M, Drago, A, Evangelista, Y, Feroci, M, Finelli, F, Fiorini, M, Fynbo, J, Gal-Yam, A, Gendre, B, Ghisellini, G, Grado, A, Guidorzi, C, Hafizi, M, Hanlon, L, Hjorth, J, Izzo, L, Kiss, L, Kumar, P, Kuvvetli, I, Lavagna, M, Li, T, Longo, F, Lyutikov, M, Maio, U, Maiorano, E, Malcovati, P, Malesani, D, Margutti, R, Martin-Carrillo, A, Masetti, N, Mcbreen, S, Mignani, R, Morgante, G, Mundell, C, Nargaard-Nielsen, H, Nicastro, L, Palazzi, E, Paltani, S, Panessa, F, Pareschi, G, Pe'Er, A, Penacchioni, A, Pian, E, Piedipalumbo, E, Piran, T, Rauw, G, Razzano, M, Read, A, Rezzolla, L, Romano, P, Ruffini, R, Savaglio, S, Sguera, V, Schady, P, Skidmore, W, Song, L, Stanway, E, Starling, R, Topinka, M, Troja, E, van Putten, M, Vanzella, E, Vercellone, S, Wilson-Hodge, C, Yonetoku, D, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Zhang, B, Zhang, S, Antonelli, A, Bianco, F, Boci, S, Boer, M, Botticella, M, Boulade, O, Butler, C, Campana, S, Capitanio, F, Celotti, A, Chen, Y, Colpi, M, Comastri, A, Cuby, J, Dadina, M, De Luca, A, Dong, Y, Ettori, S, Gandhi, P, Geza, E, Greiner, J, Guiriec, S, Harms, J, Hernanz, M, Hornstrup, A, Hutchinson, I, Israel, G, Jonker, P, Kaneko, Y, Kawai, N, Wiersema, K, Korpela, S, Lebrun, V, Lu, F, Macfadyen, A, Malaguti, G, Maraschi, L, Melandri, A, Modjaz, M, Morris, D, Omodei, N, Paizis, A, Páta, P, Petrosian, V, Rachevski, A, Rhoads, J, Ryde, F, Sabau-Graziati, L, Shigehiro, N, Sims, M, Soomin, J, Szécsi, D, Urata, Y, Uslenghi, M, Valenziano, L, Vianello, G, Vojtech, S, Watson, D, Zicha, J, Amati, L., O'Brien, P., Götz, D., Bozzo, E., Tenzer, C., Frontera, F., Ghirlanda, G., Labanti, C., Osborne, J. P., Stratta, G., Tanvir, N., Willingale, R., Attina, P., Campana, R., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Contini, C., Fuschino, F., Gomboc, A., Hudec, R., Orleanski, P., Renotte, E., Rodic, T., Bagoly, Z., Blain, A., Callanan, P., Covino, S., Ferrara, A., Le Floch, E., Marisaldi, M., Mereghetti, S., Rosati, P., Vacchi, A., D'Avanzo, P., Giommi, P., Piranomonte, S., Piro, L., Reglero, V., Rossi, A., Santangelo, A., Salvaterra, R., Tagliaferri, G., Vergani, S., Vinciguerra, S., Briggs, M., Campolongo, E., Ciolfi, R., Connaughton, V., Cordier, B., Morelli, B., Orlandini, M., Adami, C., Argan, A., Atteia, J. -L., Auricchio, N., Balazs, L., Baldazzi, G., Basa, S., Basak, R., Gian Luca, Israel, Bellutti, P., Bernardini, M. G., Bertuccio, G., Braga, J., Branchesi, M., Brandt, S., Brocato, E., Budtz-Jorgensen, C., Bulgarelli, A., Burderi, L., Camp, J., Capozziello, S., Caruana, J., Casella, P., Cenko, B., Chardonnet, P., Ciardi, B., Colafrancesco, S., Dainotti, M. G., D'Elia, V., De Martino, D., De Pasquale, M., Del Monte, E., Della Valle, M., Drago, A., Evangelista, Y., Feroci, M., Finelli, F., Fiorini, M., Fynbo, J., Gal-Yam, A., Gendre, B., Ghisellini, G., Grado, A., Guidorzi, C., Hafizi, M., Hanlon, L., Hjorth, J., Izzo, L., Kiss, L., Kumar, P., Kuvvetli, I., Lavagna, M., Li, T., Longo, F., Lyutikov, M., Maio, U., Maiorano, E., Malcovati, P., Malesani, D., Margutti, R., Martin-Carrillo, A., Masetti, N., Mcbreen, S., Mignani, R., Morgante, G., Mundell, C., Nargaard-Nielsen, H. U., Nicastro, L., Palazzi, E., Paltani, S., Panessa, F., Pareschi, G., Pe'Er, A., Penacchioni, A. V., Pian, E., Piedipalumbo, E., Piran, T., Rauw, G., Razzano, M., Read, A., Rezzolla, L., Romano, P., Ruffini, R., Savaglio, S., Sguera, V., Schady, P., Skidmore, W., Song, L., Stanway, E., Starling, R., Topinka, M., Troja, E., van Putten, M., Vanzella, E., Vercellone, S., Wilson-Hodge, C., Yonetoku, D., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zhang, B., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, S. -N., Antonelli, A., Bianco, F., Boci, S., Boer, M., Botticella, M. T., Boulade, O., Butler, C., Campana, S., Capitanio, F., Celotti, A., Chen, Y., Colpi, M., Comastri, A., Cuby, J. -G., Dadina, M., De Luca, A., Dong, Y. -W., Ettori, S., Gandhi, P., Geza, E., Greiner, J., Guiriec, S., Harms, J., Hernanz, M., Hornstrup, A., Hutchinson, I., Israel, G., Jonker, P., Kaneko, Y., Kawai, N., Wiersema, K., Korpela, S., Lebrun, V., Lu, F., Macfadyen, A., Malaguti, G., Maraschi, L., Melandri, A., Modjaz, M., Morris, D., Omodei, N., Paizis, A., Páta, P., Petrosian, V., Rachevski, A., Rhoads, J., Ryde, F., Sabau-Graziati, L., Shigehiro, N., Sims, M., Soomin, J., Szécsi, D., Urata, Y., Uslenghi, M., Valenziano, L., Vianello, G., Vojtech, S., Watson, D., Zicha, J., Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-16-CE31-0003,BEaPro,Using the most powerful explosion as probes of the high-redshift Universe(2016), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation ( GEPI ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique ( LAPTH ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux ( ARTEMIS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Gotz, D., Pata, P., Szecsi, D., Department of Physics, and Amati, L. and O'Brien, P. and Götz, D. and Bozzo, E. and Tenzer, C. and Frontera, F. and Ghirlanda, G. and Labanti, C. and Osborne, J.P. and Stratta, G. and Tanvir, N. and Willingale, R. and Attina, P. and Campana, R. and Castro-Tirado, A.J. and Contini, C. and Fuschino, F. and Gomboc, A. and Hudec, R. and Orleanski, P. and Renotte, E. and Rodic, T. and Bagoly, Z. and Blain, A. and Callanan, P. and Covino, S. and Ferrara, A. and Le Floch, E. and Marisaldi, M. and Mereghetti, S. and Rosati, P. and Vacchi, A. and D'Avanzo, P. and Giommi, P. and Piranomonte, S. and Piro, L. and Reglero, V. and Rossi, A. and Santangelo, A. and Salvaterra, R. and Tagliaferri, G. and Vergani, S. and Vinciguerra, S. and Briggs, M. and Campolongo, E. and Ciolfi, R. and Connaughton, V. and Cordier, B. and Morelli, B. and Orlandini, M. and Adami, C. and Argan, A. and Atteia, J.-L. and Auricchio, N. and Balazs, L. and Baldazzi, G. and Basa, S. and Basak, R. and Bellutti, P. and Bernardini, M.G. and Bertuccio, G. and Braga, J. and Branchesi, M. and Brandt, S. and Brocato, E. and Budtz-Jorgensen, C. and Bulgarelli, A. and Burderi, L. and Camp, J. and Capozziello, S. and Caruana, J. and Casella, P. and Cenko, B. and Chardonnet, P. and Ciardi, B. and Colafrancesco, S. and Dainotti, M.G. and D'Elia, V. and De Martino, D. and De Pasquale, M. and Del Monte, E. and Della Valle, M. and Drago, A. and Evangelista, Y. and Feroci, M. and Finelli, F. and Fiorini, M. and Fynbo, J. and Gal-Yam, A. and Gendre, B. and Ghisellini, G. and Grado, A. and Guidorzi, C. and Hafizi, M. and Hanlon, L. and Hjorth, J. and Izzo, L. and Kiss, L. and Kumar, P. and Kuvvetli, I. and Lavagna, M. and Li, T. and Longo, F. and Lyutikov, M. and Maio, U. and Maiorano, E. and Malcovati, P. and Malesani, D. and Margutti, R. and Martin-Carrillo, A. and Masetti, N. and McBreen, S. and Mignani, R. and Morgante, G. and Mundell, C. and Nargaard-Nielsen, H.U. and Nicastro, L. and Palazzi, E. and Paltani, S. and Panessa, F. and Pareschi, G. and Pe'er, A. and Penacchioni, A.V. and Pian, E. and Piedipalumbo, E. and Piran, T. and Rauw, G. and Razzano, M. and Read, A. and Rezzolla, L. and Romano, P. and Ruffini, R. and Savaglio, S. and Sguera, V. and Schady, P. and Skidmore, W. and Song, L. and Stanway, E. and Starling, R. and Topinka, M. and Troja, E. and van Putten, M. and Vanzella, E. and Vercellone, S. and Wilson-Hodge, C. and Yonetoku, D. and Zampa, G. and Zampa, N. and Zhang, B. and Zhang, B.B. and Zhang, S. and Zhang, S.-N. and Antonelli, A. and Bianco, F. and Boci, S. and Boer, M. and Botticella, M.T. and Boulade, O. and Butler, C. and Campana, S. and Capitanio, F. and Celotti, A. and Chen, Y. and Colpi, M. and Comastri, A. and Cuby, J.-G. and Dadina, M. and De Luca, A. and Dong, Y.-W. and Ettori, S. and Gandhi, P. and Geza, E. and Greiner, J. and Guiriec, S. and Harms, J. and Hernanz, M. and Hornstrup, A. and Hutchinson, I. and Israel, G. and Jonker, P. and Kaneko, Y. and Kawai, N. and Wiersema, K. and Korpela, S. and Lebrun, V. and Lu, F. and MacFadyen, A. and Malaguti, G. and Maraschi, L. and Melandri, A. and Modjaz, M. and Morris, D. and Omodei, N. and Paizis, A. and Páta, P. and Petrosian, V. and Rachevski, A. and Rhoads, J. and Ryde, F. and Sabau-Graziati, L. and Shigehiro, N. and Sims, M. and Soomin, J. and Szécsi, D. and Urata, Y. and Uslenghi, M. and Valenziano, L. and Vianello, G. and Vojtech, S. and Watson, D. and Zicha, J.

Subjects
Ionization, Atmospheric Science, cosmological model, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomy, Dark age, MASSIVE SINGLE STARS, Star formation rates, Gamma ray, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, localization, law.invention, Astrophysic, Einstein Telescope, observational cosmology, law, Observational cosmology, Re-ionization, Cosmology: observations, Dark ages, First stars, Gamma-ray: bursts, LIGO, observations [Cosmology], Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High sensitivity, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Multi-wavelength, energy: high, sezele, gamma-ray bursts, Aerospace Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, imaging, star: formation, burst [Gamma-ray], observatory, Geophysics, X rays, Cosmology: observation, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, signature, Star, TIDAL DISRUPTION, Gamma-ray: burst, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, SIMILAR-TO 6, Socio-culturale, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], galaxy: luminosity, X-ray astronomy: instrumentation, 7 CANDIDATE GALAXIES, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma ray: burst, 114 Physical sciences, Settore FIS/03 - Fisica della Materia, X-ray, bursts [Gamma-ray], FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, First star, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], KAGRA, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, LIGHT CURVES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, redshift, sensitivity, Redshift, NEUTRON-STAR MERGER, messenger, VIRGO, electromagnetic, LUMINOSITY FUNCTION, BLACK-HOLE, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Gamma-ray burst, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

THESEUS is a space mission concept aimed at exploiting Gamma-Ray Bursts for investigating the early Universe and at providing a substantial advancement of multi-messenger and time-domain astrophysics. These goals will be achieved through a unique combination of instruments allowing GRB and X-ray transient detection over a broad field of view (more than 1sr) with 0.5¿1 arcmin localization, an energy band extending from several MeV down to 0.3¿keV and high sensitivity to transient sources in the soft X-ray domain, as well as on-board prompt (few minutes) follow-up with a 0.7¿m class IR telescope with both imaging and spectroscopic capabilities. THESEUS will be perfectly suited for addressing the main open issues in cosmology such as, e.g., star formation rate and metallicity evolution of the inter-stellar and intra-galactic medium up to redshift 10, signatures of Pop III stars, sources and physics of re-ionization, and the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function. In addition, it will provide unprecedented capability to monitor the X-ray variable sky, thus detecting, localizing, and identifying the electromagnetic counterparts to sources of gravitational radiation, which may be routinely detected in the late ¿20s/early ¿30s by next generation facilities like aLIGO/ aVirgo, eLISA, KAGRA, and Einstein Telescope. THESEUS will also provide powerful synergies with the next generation of multi-wavelength observatories (e.g., LSST, ELT, SKA, CTA, ATHENA).© 2018 COSPAR, S.E. acknowledges the financial support from contracts ASI-INAF 1/009/10/0, NARO15 ASI-INAF 1/037/12/0 and ASI 2015-046-R.0. R.H. acknowledges GACR grant 13-33324S. S.V. research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 606176. D.S. was supported by the Czech grant 1601116S GA CR. Maria Giovanna Dainotti acknowledges funding from the European Union through the Marie Curie Action FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, under grant agreement No. 626267 (>Cosmological Candles>).

Published
2018

4. Exploration of the high-redshift universe enabled by THESEUS

Author

Lajos G. Balázs, E. Le Floc'h, René Hudec, Ehud Behar, Giancarlo Ghirlanda, Valentina D'Odorico, Silvia Zane, J. P. Osborne, P. T. O'Brien, Stéphane Paltani, Dorottya Szécsi, A. Gomboc, B. Ciardi, Lise Christensen, U. Maio, Yuji Urata, Sandro Mereghetti, Ruben Salvaterra, F. Frontera, E. Piedipalumbo, Sergio Campana, Joseph Caruana, Olga Sergijenko, Pasquier Noterdaeme, A. De Cia, Lorenzo Amati, Diego Götz, Elizabeth R. Stanway, L. V. Toth, S. D. Vergani, M. de Pasquale, Nial R. Tanvir, Z. Bagoly, L. Graziani, M. Della Valle, S. Basa, Piero Rosati, István T. Horváth, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tanvir, N. R., Le Floc'h, E., Christensen, L., Caruana, J., Salvaterra, R., Ghirlanda, G., Ciardi, B., Maio, U., D'Odorico, V., Piedipalumbo, E., Campana, S., Noterdaeme, P., Graziani, L., Amati, L., Bagoly, Z., Balazs, L. G., Basa, S., Behar, E., De Cia, A., Valle, M. D., De Pasquale, M., Frontera, F., Gomboc, A., Gotz, D., Horvath, I., Hudec, R., Mereghetti, S., O'Brien, P. T., Osborne, J. P., Paltani, S., Rosati, P., Sergijenko, O., Stanway, E. R., Szecsi, D., Toth, L. V., Urata, Y., Vergani, S., Zane, S., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Abundances, Gamma-ray bursts, Reionization, Star forming galaxies, Abundances, Gamma-ray bursts, Reionization, Star forming galaxies, PEAK ENERGY, Metallicity, media_common.quotation_subject, MASS-METALLICITY RELATION, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, DUST FORMATION, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, NO, GAMMA-RAY BURST, X-ray astronomy, NEUTRAL FRACTION, LY-ALPHA, Abundance, 0103 physical sciences, LYMAN-ALPHA EMISSION, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminosity function (astronomy), media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Universe, Cosmology, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, POPULATION III, NO EVIDENCE, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, COSMIC REIONIZATION
Abstract

At peak, long-duration gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous sources of electromagnetic radiation known. Since their progenitors are massive stars, they provide a tracer of star formation and star-forming galaxies over the whole of cosmic history. Their bright power-law afterglows provide ideal backlights for absorption studies of the interstellar and intergalactic medium back to the reionization era. The proposed THESEUS mission is designed to detect large samples of GRBs at $z>6$ in the 2030s, at a time when supporting observations with major next generation facilities will be possible, thus enabling a range of transformative science. THESEUS will allow us to explore the faint end of the luminosity function of galaxies and the star formation rate density to high redshifts; constrain the progress of re-ionisation beyond $z\gtrsim6$; study in detail early chemical enrichment from stellar explosions, including signatures of Population III stars; and potentially characterize the dark energy equation of state at the highest redshifts., Submitted to Experimental Astronomy

Published
2021

5. Recovering the systemic redshift of galaxies from their Lyman alpha line profile

Author

Sebastiano Cantalupo, Nicolas Bouché, Roland Bacon, Floriane Leclercq, Thierry Contini, Johan Richard, Anne Verhamme, Edmund Christian Herenz, Kasper B. Schmidt, B. Clement, Wolfram Kollatschny, Joseph Caruana, Hanae Inami, Johannes Zabl, C. Diener, Lutz Wisotzki, Joop Schaye, Jarle Brinchmann, Michael V. Maseda, Alyssa B. Drake, Vera Patrício, E. Ventou, Takuya Hashimoto, J. Kerutt, Thibault Garel, R. A. Marino, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Verhamme, A, Garel, T, Ventou, E, Contini, T, Bouche, N, Herenz, E, Richard, J, Bacon, R, Schmidt, K, Maseda, M, Marino, R, Brinchmann, J, Cantalupo, S, Caruana, J, Clement, B, Diener, C, Drake, A, Hashimoto, T, Inami, H, Kerutt, J, Kollatschny, W, Leclercq, F, Patricio, V, Schaye, J, Wisotzki, L, and Zabl, J

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: starburst, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Lyman-alpha line, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, Spectral line, galaxies: high-redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: statistic, ultraviolet: galaxies, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

The Lyman alpha (lya) line of Hydrogen is a prominent feature in the spectra of star-forming galaxies, usually redshifted by a few hundreds of km/s compared to the systemic redshift. This large offset hampers follow-up surveys, galaxy pair statistics and correlations with quasar absorption lines when only lya is available. We propose diagnostics that can be used to recover the systemic redshift directly from the properties of the lya line profile. We use spectroscopic observations of Lyman-Alpha Emitters (LAEs) for which a precise measurement of the systemic redshift is available. Our sample contains 13 sources detected between z~3 and z~6 as part of various Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO). We also include a compilation of spectroscopic lya data from the literature spanning a wide redshift range (z~0-8). First, restricting our analysis to double-peaked lya spectra, we find a tight correlation between the velocity offset of the red peak with respect to the systemic redshift, Vpeak, and the separation of the peaks. Secondly, we find a correlation between Vpeak and the full width at half maximum of the lya line. Fitting formulas, to estimate systemic redshifts of galaxies with an accuracy of +-100 km/s when only the lya emission line is available, are given for the two methods., Comment: letter, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2018

6. Dark Galaxy Candidates at Redshift ∼3.5 Detected with MUSE

Author

C. Diener, Roland Bacon, Lorrie A. Straka, Joseph Caruana, Jarle Brinchmann, Raffaella Anna Marino, Thierry Contini, Sofia G. Gallego, Lutz Wisotzki, H. Finley, Elena Borisova, Simon J. Lilly, Joop Schaye, Martin Wendt, Floriane Leclercq, Johan Richard, Simon Conseil, Hanae Inami, Gabriele Pezzulli, Sowgat Muzahid, Sebastiano Cantalupo, C. Marcella Carollo, Anna Marino, R, Cantalupo, S, Lilly, S, Gallego, S, Straka, L, Borisova, E, Pezzulli, G, Bacon, R, Brinchmann, J, Carollo, C, Caruana, J, Conseil, S, Contini, T, Diener, C, Finley, H, Inami, H, Leclercq, F, Muzahid, S, Richard, J, Schaye, J, Wendt, M, Wisotzki, L, Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Red shift -- Observations, galaxies: high-redshift, quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, galaxies: formation, Cosmology -- Observations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Galaxies -- Observations, Galaxies -- Formation, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galaxies -- Evolution, galaxies: star formation, Dark galaxy, intergalactic medium, Equivalent width, quasars: emission line
Abstract

Recent theoretical models suggest that the early phase of galaxy formation could involve an epoch when galaxies are gas-rich but inefficient at forming stars: a "dark galaxy" phase. Here, we report the results of our MUSE (Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer) survey for dark galaxies fluorescently illuminated by quasars at $z>3$. Compared to previous studies which are based on deep narrow-band (NB) imaging, our integral field survey provides a nearly uniform sensitivity coverage over a large volume in redshift space around the quasars as well as full spectral information at each location. Thanks to these unique features, we are able to build control samples at large redshift distances from the quasars using the same data taken under the same conditions. By comparing the rest-frame equivalent width (EW$_{0}$) distributions of the Ly$\alpha$ sources detected in proximity to the quasars and in control samples, we detect a clear correlation between the locations of high EW$_{0}$ objects and the quasars. This correlation is not seen in other properties such as Ly$\alpha$ luminosities or volume overdensities, suggesting the possible fluorescent nature of at least some of these objects. Among these, we find 6 sources without continuum counterparts and EW$_{0}$ limits larger than $240\,\mathrm{\AA}$ that are the best candidates for dark galaxies in our survey at $z>3.5$. The volume densities and properties, including inferred gas masses and star formation efficiencies, of these dark galaxy candidates are similar to previously detected candidates at $z\approx2.4$ in NB surveys. Moreover, if the most distant of these are fluorescently illuminated by the quasar, our results also provide a lower limit of $t=60$ Myr on the quasar lifetime., Comment: 28 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables, submitted to ApJ

Published
2018

7. The MUSE-Wide survey: A measurement of the Ly$\alpha$ emitting fraction among $z>3$ galaxies

Author

Johan Richard, Thibault Garel, Marcella Carollo, C. Diener, Joseph Caruana, Jarle Brinchmann, J. Kerutt, Kasper B. Schmidt, Tanya Urrutia, Alyssa B. Drake, A. Verhamme, Joop Schaye, Lutz Wisotzki, Edmund Christian Herenz, Sebastiano Cantalupo, R. Saust, R. A. Marino, Rychard Bouwens, Caruana, J, Wisotzki, L, Herenz, E, Kerutt, J, Urrutia, T, Schmidt, K, Bouwens, R, Brinchmann, J, Cantalupo, S, Carollo, M, Diener, C, Drake, A, Garel, T, Marino, R, Richard, J, Saust, R, Schaye, J, Verhamme, A, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Galaxies: star formation, Galaxies: statistic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galaxies: high-redshift, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Fraction (chemistry), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, galaxies: statistics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a measurement of the fraction of Lyman $\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) emitters ($X_{\rm{Ly} \alpha}$) amongst HST continuum-selected galaxies at $3, Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures (MNRAS, updated as per version in press)

Published
2017

8. UBIQUITOUS GIANT Lyα NEBULAE AROUND the BRIGHTEST QUASARS at z ∼ 3.5 REVEALED with MUSE

Author

Jeremy Blaizot, C. Marcella Carollo, Elena Borisova, Joseph Caruana, Johan Richard, Raffaella Anna Marino, Lutz Wisotzki, Lorrie A. Straka, Tanya Urrutia, Simon J. Lilly, Monica L. Turner, Joop Schaye, Jarle Brinchmann, Edmund Christian Herenz, Sofia G. Gallego, Roland Bacon, A. Verhamme, Hayley Finley, Nicolas Bouché, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Borisova, E, Cantalupo, S, Lilly, S, Marino, R, Gallego, S, Bacon, R, Blaizot, J, Bouche, N, Brinchmann, J, Carollo, C, Caruana, J, Finley, H, Herenz, E, Richard, J, Schaye, J, Straka, L, Turner, M, Urrutia, T, Verhamme, A, and Wisotzki, L

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Luminosity, galaxies: high-redshift, quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Surface brightness, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Nebula, cosmology: observation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Intergalactic travel, intergalactic medium, Detection rate, quasars: emission line
Abstract

Direct Lyα imaging of intergalactic gas at $z\sim 2$ has recently revealed giant cosmological structures around quasars, e.g., the Slug Nebula. Despite their high luminosity, the detection rate of such systems in narrow-band and spectroscopic surveys is less than 10%, possibly encoding crucial information on the distribution of gas around quasars and the quasar emission properties. In this study, we use the MUSE integral-field instrument to perform a blind survey for giant $\mathrm{Ly}\alpha $ nebulae around 17 bright radio-quiet quasars at $3\lt z\lt 4$ that does not suffer from most of the limitations of previous surveys. After data reduction and analysis performed with specifically developed tools, we found that each quasar is surrounded by giant $\mathrm{Ly}\alpha $ nebulae with projected sizes larger than 100 physical kiloparsecs and, in some cases, extending up to 320 kpc. The circularly averaged surface brightness profiles of the nebulae appear to be very similar to each other despite their different morphologies and are consistent with power laws with slopes $\approx -1.8$. The similarity between the properties of all these nebulae and the Slug Nebula suggests a similar origin for all systems and that a large fraction of gas around bright quasars could be in a relatively “cold” (T ∼ 10(4 )K) and dense phase. In addition, our results imply that such gas is ubiquitous within at least 50 kpc from bright quasars at $3\lt z\lt 4$ independently of the quasar emission opening angle, or extending up to 200 kpc for quasar isotropic emission.

Published
2016

9. The MUSE 3D view of the Hubble Deep Field South

Author

C. M. Carollo, T.-O. Husser, Marijn Franx, Thomas P. K. Martinsson, Lutz Wisotzki, Tanya Urrutia, Peter M. Weilbacher, Simon J. Lilly, C. Herenz, G. Soucail, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Thierry Contini, J. Kerutt, B. Clément, Sandro Tacchella, Joop Schaye, M. Shirazi, Nicolas Bouché, Alyssa B. Drake, Stefan Dreizler, Joseph Caruana, Rychard Bouwens, Wolfram Kollatschny, V. Patrício, Roland Bacon, Benoît Epinat, Sebastian Kamann, Jarle Brinchmann, Jeremy Blaizot, L. Michel-Dansac, Kurt T. Soto, Matthias Steinmetz, Johan Richard, Davor Krajnović, T. de Zeeuw, David Carton, B. Guiderdoni, Joel Vernet, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AUTRES, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Service de Physique Théorique (SPhT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, UCO/Lick Observatory, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Chicago, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bacon, R, Brinchmann, J, Richard, J, Contini, T, Drake, A, Franx, M, Tacchella, S, Vernet, J, Wisotzki, L, Blaizot, J, Bouche, N, Bouwens, R, Cantalupo, S, Carollo, C, Carton, D, Caruana, J, Clement, B, Dreizler, S, Epinat, B, Guiderdoni, B, Herenz, C, Husser, T, Kamann, S, Kerutt, J, Kollatschny, W, Krajnovic, D, Lilly, S, Martinsson, T, Michel-Dansac, L, Patricio, V, Schaye, J, Shirazi, M, Soto, K, Soucail, G, Steinmetz, M, Urrutia, T, Weilbacher, P, De Zeeuw, T, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), cosmology, observations, evolution, high-redshift, imaging spectroscopy, galaxies formation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxies: formation, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Data cube, Integral field spectrograph, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, Surface brightness, Spectral resolution, Techniques: imaging spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hubble Deep Field South, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We observed the Hubble Deep Field South with the new panoramic integral field spectrograph MUSE that we built and just commissioned at the VLT. The data cube resulting from 27 hours of integration covers one arcmin^2 field of view at an unprecedented depth with a 1 sigma emission line surface brightness limit of 1x$10^{-19}$ erg/s/cm$^2$/arcsec$^2$ and contains ~90,000 spectra. We present the combined and calibrated data cube, and we perform a first-pass analysis of the sources detected in the HDF-S imaging. We measured the redshifts of 189 sources up to a magnitude F814W = 29.5, increasing by more than an order of magnitude the number of known spectroscopic redshifts in this field. We also discovered 26 Lya emitting galaxies which are not detected in the HST WFPC2 deep broad band images. The intermediate spectral resolution of 2.3{\AA} allows us to separate resolved asymmetric Lya emitters, [O II] emitters, and C III] emitters and the large instantaneous wavelength range of 4500{\AA} helps to identify single emission lines. We also show how the three dimensional information of MUSE helps to resolve sources which are confused at ground-based image quality. Overall, secure identifications are provided for 83% of the 227 emission line sources detected in the MUSE data cube and for 32% of the 586 sources identified in the HST catalog of Casertano et al 2000. The overall redshift distribution is fairly flat to z=6.3, with a reduction between z=1.5 to 2.9, in the well-known redshift desert. The field of view of MUSE also allowed us to detect 17 groups within the field. We checked that the number counts of [O II] and Ly-a emitters are roughly consistent with predictions from the literature. Using two examples we demonstrate that MUSE is able to provide exquisite spatially resolved spectroscopic information on intermediate redshift galaxies present in the field., Comment: 21 pages, 20 figures. Note that the catalogues, data cube and associated spectra will be released upon acceptance of the paper

Published
2015

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