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32 results on '"Werner Heil"'

1. Improved determination of the β−ν¯e angular correlation coefficient a in free neutron decay with the aSPECT spectrometer

Author

Gertrud Konrad, F. Ayala Guardia, R. Virot, Werner Heil, Michael Klopf, R. Maisonobe, J. Kahlenberg, Ulrich Schmidt, M. Borg, C. Schmidt, Ferenc Glück, Marcus Beck, A. Wunderle, R. Muñoz Horta, O. Zimmer, M. Simson, T. Soldner, and S. Baeßler

Subjects
Physics, Coupling constant, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectrum (functional analysis), Lambda, 01 natural sciences, Collimated light, Filter (large eddy simulation), 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Adiabatic process
Abstract

We report on a precise measurement of the electron-antineutrino angular correlation ($a$ coefficient) in free neutron beta-decay from the $a$SPECT experiment. The $a$ coefficient is inferred from the recoil energy spectrum of the protons which are detected in 4$\pi$ by the $a$SPECT spectrometer using magnetic adiabatic collimation with an electrostatic filter. Data are presented from a 100 days run at the Institut Laue Langevin in 2013. The sources of systematic errors are considered and included in the final result. We obtain $a = -0.10430(84)$ which is the most precise measurement of the neutron $a$ coefficient to date. From this, the ratio of axial-vector to vector coupling constants is derived giving $|\lambda| = 1.2677(28)$.

Published
2020
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2. Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron

Author

I. Rienäcker, V. Hélaine, M. Daum, Prajwal Mohanmurthy, J. A. Thorne, J. Krempel, J. Zenner, S. Roccia, Jacek Zejma, Martin Burghoff, E. Wursten, N. J. Ayres, G. Wyszynski, W. C. Griffith, G. Ban, M. G. D. van der Grinten, R. Virot, C. Abel, Bernhard Lauss, Florian M. Piegsa, P. N. Prashanth, P. J. Chiu, Christopher Crawford, Nathal Severijns, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Antoine Weis, S. Afach, Guillaume Pignol, M. Kuźniak, Jens-Uwe Voigt, R. Tavakoli Dinani, A. Knecht, C. Plonka-Spehr, Geza Zsigmond, D. Rozpedzik, Z. Hodge, A. Kraft, Martin Fertl, P. Flaux, Reinhold Henneck, P. A. Koss, M. Horras, G. Rogel, Y. Kermaidic, E. Pierre, Paul E. Knowles, S. Komposch, A. Kozela, Georg Bison, M. Rawlik, D. Rebreyend, E. Chanel, L. Ferraris-Bouchez, Z. Chowdhuri, D. Ries, P. Geltenbort, Klaus Kirch, L. Hayen, Zoran D. Grujić, K. Green, Y. Lemière, Werner Heil, G. Quéméner, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, S. N. Ivanov, C.A. Baker, H. C. Koch, P. Iaydjiev, V. Bondar, T. Lefort, B. Clement, Malgorzata Kasprzak, A. Mtchedlishvili, Philip Harris, Allard Schnabel, M. Musgrave, S. Emmenegger, D. Shiers, D. Pais, N. Hild, A. Fratangelo, Kazimierz Bodek, B. Franke, A. Leredde, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, nEDM, Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Magnetometer, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), S017EDM, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), statistical analysis, law, cesium, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], time reversal: invariance, Statistical analysis, Neutron, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Physics::Atomic Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, n: electric moment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Cesium vapor, Magnetic field, Electric dipole moment, Automatic Keywords, Ultracold neutrons, Elementary Particles and Fields, history, Atomic physics, time reversal: violation, magnetic field: oscillation, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the result of an experiment to measure the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron at the Paul Scherrer Institute using Ramsey’s method of separated oscillating magnetic fields with ultracold neutrons. Our measurement stands in the long history of EDM experiments probing physics violating time-reversal invariance. The salient features of this experiment were the use of a 199Hg comagnetometer and an array of optically pumped cesium vapor magnetometers to cancel and correct for magnetic-field changes. The statistical analysis was performed on blinded datasets by two separate groups, while the estimation of systematic effects profited from an unprecedented knowledge of the magnetic field. The measured value of the neutron EDM is dn=(0.0±1.1stat±0.2sys)×10−26 e.cm., Physical Review Letters, 124 (8), ISSN:0031-9007, ISSN:1079-7114

Published
2020
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3. Measurement of the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of the $^{129}$Xe Atom

Author

Andreas Offenhäusser, B. Niederländer, S. Karpuk, Hans-Joachim Krause, Werner Heil, F. Allmendinger, Ulrich Schmidt, I. Engin, M. Repetto, and S. Zimmer

Subjects
Larmor precession, Physics, Field (physics), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Magnetic field, Physics - Atomic Physics, Electric dipole moment, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, ddc:530, Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics)
Abstract

We report on a measurement of the $CP$-violating permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutral $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ atom. Our experimental approach is based on the detection of the free precession of co-located nuclear spin-polarized $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ and $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ samples. The EDM measurement sensitivity benefits strongly from long spin coherence times of several hours achieved in diluted gases and homogeneous weak magnetic fields of about 400 nT. A finite EDM is indicated by a change in the precession frequency, as an electric field is periodically reversed with respect to the magnetic guiding field. Our result $(\ensuremath{-}4.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}28}e\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{cm}$, is consistent with zero and is used to place a new upper limit on the $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ EDM: $|{d}_{\text{Xe}}|l1.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}27}e\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{cm}$ (95% C.L.). We also discuss the implications of this result for various $CP$-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

Published
2019
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4. The n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute

Author

E. Wursten, A. Kozela, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Prajwal Mohanmurthy, J. A. Thorne, S. Roccia, Allard Schnabel, Georg Bison, M. Rawlik, S. Emmenegger, P. A. Koss, M. Daum, D. Rozpedzik, Guillaume Pignol, E. Chanel, Natalis Severijns, C. Abel, Bernhard Lauss, Kazimierz Bodek, D. Ries, Jacek Zejma, Philip Harris, A. Leredde, Geza Zsigmond, Jens Voigt, G. Ban, W. C. Griffith, Christopher Crawford, D. Pais, J. Krempel, P. Flaux, Y. Lemière, Werner Heil, D. Rebreyend, Nora Hild, N. J. Ayres, Klaus Kirch, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, P.-J. Chiu, T. Lefort, R. Virot, B. Clement, Zoran D. Grujić, Antoine Weis, V. Bondar, Florian M. Piegsa, L. Ferraris-Bouchez, K. U. Ross, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Neutron transport, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutron electric dipole moment, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, QC1-999, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Chamber design, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, spectrometer: design, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, n: electric moment, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), sensitivity, Measuring instrument, Ultracold neutrons, Nucleon, performance
Abstract

We present the new spectrometer for the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) search at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), called n2EDM. The setup is at room temperature in vacuum using ultracold neutrons. n2EDM features a large UCN double storage chamber design with neutron transport adapted to the PSI UCN source. The design builds on experience gained from the previous apparatus operated at PSI until 2017. An order of magnitude increase in sensitivity is calculated for the new baseline setup based on scalable results from the previous apparatus, and the UCN source performance achieved in 2016., Submitted as a web of conference proceedings paper

Published
2019
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5. PicoTesla absolute field readings with a hybrid 3He/87Rb magnetometer

Author

M. Pototschnig, Werner Heil, Georg Bison, C. Abel, Bernhard Lauss, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, A. Mtchedlishvili, W. Clark Griffith, D. Pais, Jens Voigt, Allard Schnabel, H.-C. Koch, and Klaus Kirch

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Magnetometer, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Measure (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Residual, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics - Atomic Physics, Magnetic field, Computational physics, law.invention, Magnetization, Magnetic shield, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Reduction (mathematics), QC
Abstract

We demonstrate the use of a hybrid 3He/87 magnetometer to measure absolute magnetic fields in the pT range. The measurements were undertaken by probing time-dependent 3He magnetisation using 87Rb zero-field magnetometers. Measurements were taken to demonstrate the use of the magnetometer in cancelling residual fields within a magnetic shield. It was shown that the absolute field could be reduced to the 10 pT level by using field readings from the magnetometer. Furthermore, the hybrid magnetometer was shown to be applicable for the reduction of gradient fields by optimising the effective 3He T2 time. This procedure represents a convenient and consistent way to provide a near zero magnetic field environment which can be potentially used as a base for generating desired magnetic field configurations for use in precision measurements., The European Physical Journal D, 73 (7), ISSN:1434-6060, ISSN:1434-6079

Published
2019
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6. A new limit of the 129 Xenon Electric Dipole Moment

Author

Andreas Offenhäusser, Olivier Grasdijk, Werner Heil, Hans-Joachim Krause, Ulrich Schmidt, B. Niederländer, M. Repetto, Sergei Karpuk, S. Zimmer, I. Engin, Lorenz Willmann, Klaus Jungmann, and F. Allmendinger

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Free induction decay, Electric dipole moment, Helium-3, 0103 physical sciences, Isotopes of xenon, Diamagnetism, ddc:530, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), Isotopes of helium
Abstract

We report on the first preliminary result of our 129Xe EDM measurement performed by the MIXed collaboration. The aim of this report is to demonstrate the feasibility of a new method to set limits on nuclear EDMs by investigating the EDM of the diamagnetic 129Xe atoms. In our setup, hyperpolarized 3He serves as a comagnetometer needed to suppress magnetic field fluctuations. The free induction decay of the two polarized spin species is directly measured by low noise DC SQUIDs, and the weighted phase difference extracted from these measurements is used to determine a preliminary upper limit on the 129Xe EDM.

Published
2019
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7. Nuclear hyperpolarization of 3He by magnetized plasmas

Author

Andreas Maul, Peter Blümler, Werner Heil, Ernst W. Otten, Pierre-Jean Nacher, G. Tastevin, Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Free electron model, Physics, Spin polarization, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Mean free path, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Plasma, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics - Atomic Physics, Excited state, Metastability, 0103 physical sciences, Hyperpolarization (physics), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Excitation
Abstract

International audience; We describe a method, referred to as PAMP (polarization of atoms in a magnetized plasma), that allowshyperpolarization of 3He nuclear spins at high magnetic field solely by excitation of a rf gas discharge.A magnetized plasma is obtained when the mean free path of the free electrons is much larger than theirgyration radius in the rf gas discharge. Investigations of PAMP are carried out in the 1–15-mbar pressure rangewith rf excitation around 100 MHz. Quantitative NMR measurements at 4.7 T and room temperature showthat, for different cell sizes and gas densities, 3He nuclear polarizations in the 1 to 9% range are achieved(i.e., larger than the Boltzmann equilibrium spin polarization of the free electrons). A description involvingalignment-to-orientation conversion in the excited 23P state is proposed. The PAMP method appears as a veryattractive alternative to established laser polarization techniques (spin exchange or metastability exchange opticalpumping). Application to 3He nuclear magnetometry with a relative precision of 10^(−12) is demonstrated.

Published
2018
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8. Demonstration of sensitivity increase in mercury free-spin-precession magnetometers due to laser-based readout for neutron electric dipole moment searches

Author

Geza Zsigmond, M. Daum, Jacek Zejma, Nathal Severijns, M. Rawlik, Y. Kermaidic, A. Kozela, P. Prashanth, A. Mtchedlishvili, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, Bernhard Lauss, Georg Bison, Florian M. Piegsa, G. Quéméner, Grzegorz Wyszyński, D. Ries, Antoine Weis, H.-C. Koch, D. Rozpedzik, J. Krempel, S. Roccia, Martin Fertl, Malgorzata Kasprzak, B. Franke, Werner Heil, Zoran D. Grujić, M. Horras, G. Ban, D. Rebreyend, S. Komposch, Kazimierz Bodek, Klaus Kirch, Guillaume Pignol, T. Lefort, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen ( LPCC ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen ( ENSICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutron electric dipole moment, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Magnetometer, atomic spectroscopy, FOS: Physical sciences, Atomic spectroscopy, Neutron, electric dipole moment, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), symbols.namesake, neutron, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Zeeman effect, Mercury, Electric dipole moment, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Laser, Computational physics, Magnetic field, symbols
Abstract

International audience; We report on a laser based $^{199}$Hg co-magnetometer deployed in an experiment searching for a permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron. We demonstrate a more than five times increased signal to-noise-ratio in a direct comparison measurement with its $^{204}$Hg discharge bulb-based predecessor. An improved data model for the extraction of important system parameters such as the degrees of absorption and polarization is derived. Laser- and lamp-based data-sets can be consistently described by the improved model which permits to compare measurements using the two different light sources and to explain the increase in magnetometer performance. The laser-based magnetometer satisfies the magnetic field sensitivity requirements for the next generation nEDM experiments.

Published
2018
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9. Study of 3He Rabi nutations by optically-pumped cesium magnetometers

Author

Werner Heil, Malgorzata Kasprzak, Zoran D. Grujić, A. S. Pazgalev, A. Kraft, Jens Voigt, Georg Bison, Paul E. Knowles, H.-C. Koch, Allard Schnabel, and Antoine Weis

Subjects
Physics, Rabi cycle, Condensed matter physics, Spin polarization, Magnetometer, Nutation, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Magnetic field, 010309 optics, Magnetization, law, Rabi resonance method, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Rabi frequency
Abstract

We describe a method for recording the Rabi nutation of nuclear spin polarized 3He by optically pumped cesium magnetometers. The measurement is performed by detecting the time-dependent magnetic field produced by the 3He magnetization. The observed signals are compared to theoretical models and the results are used to precisely trace the evolution of the magnetization. This procedure represents a convenient way to control and measure the Rabi flip angle and the degree of spin polarization in experiments using 3He magnetometers. The method requires only very coarse knowledge of the applied magnetic field’s magnitude.

Published
2017
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10. Comparison of ultracold neutron sources for fundamental physics measurements

Author

D. Ries, P. Geltenbort, Marcus Beck, Geza Zsigmond, S. Karpuk, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, T. Brenner, K. U. Ross, T. Jenke, O. Zimmer, Norbert Trautmann, Klaus Eberhardt, M. Daum, Georg Bison, Klaus Kirch, Christopher Geppert, J. Kahlenberg, Bernhard Lauss, Werner Heil, Tobias Reich, J. Karch, Y. Sobolev, C. Siemensen, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, and Institut Laue-Langevin ( ILL )

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics beyond the Standard Model, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 25.40Fq, 0103 physical sciences, CP: violation, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics, n: density, n: electric moment, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 29.25.Dz, n: particle source, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 31.30.jn, 28.20.Pr, 3. Good health, Fundamental physics, Moment (physics), 14.20.Dh, Ultracold neutrons, Neutron source, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Ultracold neutrons (UCNs) are key for precision studies of fundamental parameters of the neutron and in searches for new CP violating processes or exotic interactions beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The most prominent example is the search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM). We have performed an experimental comparison of the leading UCN sources currently operating. We have used a 'standard' UCN storage bottle with a volume of 32 liters, comparable in size to nEDM experiments, which allows us to compare the UCN density available at a given beam port., 20 pages, 30 Figures

Published
2017
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11. A measurement of the neutron to 199Hg magnetic moment ratio

Author

M. G. D. van der Grinten, M. Perkowski, S. Afach, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, T. Lefort, Guillaume Pignol, Antoine Weis, E. Pierre, Georg Bison, Kazimierz Bodek, Bernhard Lauss, A. Mtchedlishvili, P. N. Prashanth, J. Zenner, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Florian M. Piegsa, Allard Schnabel, Klaus Kirch, Reinhold Henneck, M. Daum, Werner Heil, J. M. Pendlebury, D. Rebreyend, S. N. Ivanov, Y. Lemière, M. Horras, Geza Zsigmond, Malgorzata Kasprzak, Andreas Knecht, Philip Harris, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Y. Kermaidic, Nathal Severijns, K. F. Smith, G. Quéméner, K. Green, G. Ban, D. Shiers, D. Ries, P. Geltenbort, J. Krempel, S. Roccia, B. Franke, Zoran D. Grujić, H.-C. Koch, Jacek Zejma, G. Wyszynski, V. Hélaine, Martin Burghoff, Z. Chowdhuri, M. Kuźniak, Martin Fertl, C.A. Baker, P. Iaydjiev, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSNSM SNO, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutron magnetic moment, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gyromagnetic ratio, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, Nuclear physics, Magnetic moment, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics::Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Proton magnetic moment, technology, industry, and agriculture, QC0793, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Ultracold neutrons, Mercury atoms, QC0770, lcsh:QC1-999, Electric dipole moment, biological sciences, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Atomic physics, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

The neutron gyromagnetic ratio has been measured relative to that of the 199Hg atom with an uncertainty of 0.8 ppm. We employed an apparatus where ultracold neutrons and mercury atoms are stored in the same volume and report the result γn/γHg=3.8424574(30)., Physics Letters B, 739, ISSN:0370-2693, ISSN:0031-9163, ISSN:1873-2445

Published
2014
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12. First measurement of the helicity dependence of 3He photoreactions in the Δ(1232) resonance region

Author

David Hamilton, L.V. Filʼkov, A. Polonski, D. G. Middleton, M. Thiel, M. Oberle, B. Oussena, Werner Heil, A. Braghieri, J. R. M. Annand, D. P. Watts, F. Rigamonti, T. Rostomyan, D. I. Sober, B. Krusche, V. S. Bekrenev, V. Lisin, H. Berghäuser, K. Livingston, T. C. Jude, P. Pedroni, A. Starostin, O. Jahn, A. Nikolaev, Susanna Costanza, H. J. Arends, D. I. Glazier, A. Fix, P. Aguar Bartolomé, M. Romaniuk, G. Giardina, B. M. K. Nefkens, J. C. McGeorge, R. Beck, J. Krimmer, S. Cherepnya, F. Pheron, D. Werthmüller, I. Keshelashvili, D. Hornidge, J. Mancell, M. Ostrick, A. Kulbardis, I. Jaegle, R. Kondratiev, I. Supek, J. Ahrens, I. J. D. MacGregor, Volker Metag, E. Heid, H. Ortega, S. Schumann, P. B. Otte, D. Howdle, P. Drexler, S. N. Prakhov, Andy Thomas, M. Unverzagt, W. J. Briscoe, S. P. Kruglov, G. Rosner, A. N. Mushkarenkov, V. L. Kashevarov, D. M. Manley, and M. Korolija

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Nucleon spin structure, Photon energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Helicity, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Crystal Ball
Abstract

The first measurement of the helicity dependence of the total inclusive 3He photo-absorption cross section and of the partial cross sections for several reaction channels was carried out at MAMI (Mainz) in the photon energy range between 150 and 500 MeV. The experiment used the large acceptance Crystal Ball spectrometer, complemented by charged particle and vertex detectors, a circularly polarised tagged photon beam and a longitudinally polarised high-pressure 3He gas target. The results obtained give information on the GDH integral on 3He and on the neutron and allow an investigation of the modifications of nucleon properties inside 3He.

Published
2013
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13. Helium Magnetometers

Author

Werner Heil

Subjects
0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas
Published
2016
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14. Limit on Lorentz-Invariance- and CPT-Violating Neutron Spin Interactions Using a $^3$He-$^{129}$Xe Comagnetometer

Author

Werner Heil, F. Allmendinger, Yu. Sobolev, Ulrich Schmidt, S. Karpuk, and K. Tullney

Subjects
Physics, Spins, Field (physics), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Lorentz covariance, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Sidereal time, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Precession, Neutron, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Anisotropy, Spin (physics)
Abstract

We performed a search for a Lorentz-invariance- and CPT-violating coupling of the $^3$He and $^{129}$Xe nuclear spins to posited background fields. Our experimental approach is to measure the free precession of nuclear spin polarized $^3$He and $^{129}$Xe atoms using SQUID detectors. As the laboratory reference frame rotates with respect to distant stars, we look for a sidereal modulation of the Larmor frequencies of the co-located spin samples. As a result we obtain an upper limit on the equatorial component of the background field $\tilde{b}^n_{\bot}< 8.4 \cdot 10^{-34}$ GeV (68\% C.L.). Furthermore, this technique was modified to search for an electric dipole moment (EDM) of $^{129}$Xe., Presented at the Seventh Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 20-24, 2016

Published
2016

15. HP-Xe to go: Storage and Transportation of Hyperpolarized 129-Xe

Author

M. Repetto, Klaus-Peter Jungmann, S. Karpuk, Hans-Joachim Krause, Y. Sobolev, F. Allmendinger, M. Doll, Ulrich Schmidt, Werner Heil, Peter Blümler, Lorenz Willmann, Andreas Offenhäusser, S. Zimmer, J.O. Grasdijk, and Precision Frontier

Subjects
Coupling, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Angular momentum, Spins, Condensed matter physics, Chemistry, Relaxation (NMR), Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, symbols.namesake, Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, van der Waals force, Total pressure, 010306 general physics, Longitudinal Relaxation Time
Abstract

Recently the spin–lattice relaxation time T 1 of hyperpolarized (HP)- 129 Xe was significantly improved by using uncoated and Rb-free storage vessels of GE180 glass. For these cells, a simple procedure was established to obtain reproducible wall relaxation times of about 18 h. Then the limiting relaxation mechanism in pure Xe is due to the coupling between the nuclear spins and the angular momentum of the Xe–Xe van-der-Waals-molecules. This mechanism can be significantly reduced by using different buffer gases of which CO 2 was discovered to be the most efficient so far. From these values, it was estimated that for a 1:1 mixture of HP-Xe with CO 2 a longitudinal relaxation time of about 7 h can be expected, sufficient to transport HP-Xe from a production to a remote application site. This prediction was verified for such a mixture at a total pressure of about 1 bar in a 10 cm glass cell showing a storage time of T 1 ≈ 9 h (for T 1 wall = ( 34 ± 9 ) h) which was transported inside a magnetic box over a distance of about 200 km by car.

Published
2016

16. Spherical fused silica cells filled with pure helium for nuclear magnetic resonance-magnetometry

Author

Andreas Maul, Ernst W. Otten, Andreas Petrich, Anna Nikiel, Thomas Schmidt, Werner Heil, and Peter Blümler

Subjects
Materials science, Magnetometer, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Magnetic field, law.invention, Sphericity, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Homogeneity (physics), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Diffusion bonding, Helium, Coherence (physics)
Abstract

High magnetic fields (> 1 T) are measured by NMR magnetometers with un-rivaled precision if the precessing spin sample provides long coherence times. The longest coherence times are found in diluted ${}^{3}$He samples, which can be hyperpolarized for sufficient signal strength. In order to have minimal influence on the homogeneity and value of the measured magnetic field the optimal container for the ${}^{3}$He should be a perfect sphere. A fused silica sphere with an inner diameter of 8 mm and an outer diameter of 12 mm was made from two hemispheres by diffusion bonding leaving only a small hole for cleaning and evacuation. This hole was closed in vacuum by a CO${}_{2}$ laser and the inner volume was filled with a few mbars of ${}^3$He via wall permeation. NMR-measurements on such a sample had coherence times of 5 min. While the hemispheres were produced with < 1 $\mu$m deviation from sphericity, the bonding left a step of ca. 50 $\mu$m at maximum. The influence of such a mismatch, its orientation and materials in the direct vicinity of the sample are analyzed by FEM-simulations and discussed in view of coherence times and absolute fields.

Published
2016

17. Precise Measurement of Magnetic Field Gradients from Free Spin Precession Signals of $^{3}$He and $^{129}$Xe Magnetometers

Author

Andreas Offenhäusser, Olivier Grasdijk, M. Repetto, Michael Doll, Werner Heil, S. Zimmer, Yuri Sobolev, S. Karpuk, Ulrich Schmidt, Hans-Joachim Krause, Lorenz Willmann, F. Allmendinger, Klaus Jungmann, Peter Blümler, K. Tullney, and Precision Frontier

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, POLARIZATION, Field (physics), Magnetometer, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, XENON, Xenon, law, SYSTEMS, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), EXCHANGE, Helium, Physics, MIXTURES, NOBLE-GAS, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Magnetic flux, chemistry, XE, Precession, Atomic physics, HELIUM
Abstract

We report on precise measurements of magnetic field gradients extracted from transverse relaxation rates of precessing spin samples. The experimental approach is based on the free precession of gaseous, nuclear spin polarized 3He and 129Xe atoms in a spherical cell inside a magnetic guiding field of about 400 nT using LT C SQUIDs as low-noise magnetic flux detectors. The transverse relaxation rates of both spin species are simultaneously monitored as magnetic field gradients are varied. For transverse relaxation times reaching 100 h, the residual longitudinal field gradient across the spin sample could be deduced to be |∇ B z | = (5.6 ± 0.2) pT/cm. The method takes advantage of the high signal-to-noise ratio with which the decaying spin precession signal can be monitored that finally leads to the exceptional accuracy to determine magnetic field gradients at the sub pT/cm scale.

Published
2016
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18. An improved measurement of the electric dipole moment of the neutron

Author

C. Plonka-Spehr, Guillaume Pignol, Georg Bison, J. Zenner, Klaus Kirch, G. Hampel, M. Horras, Andreas Knecht, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, C. Grab, Martin Fertl, G. Quéméner, T. Lefort, G. Ban, Werner Heil, Y. Lemière, N. V. Khomutov, C. Düsing, R. Stoepler, Peter Fierlinger, Soumen Paul, Reinhold Henneck, Natalis Severijns, Bernhard Lauss, J. V. Kratz, Martin Burghoff, Kazimierz Bodek, I. Altarev, A. Kozela, Yu. Sobolev, Norbert Wiehl, Jacek Zejma, Antoine Weis, Beatrice Franke, Erwin Gutsmiedl, S. Roccia, Paul E. Knowles, E. Pierre, D. Rebreyend, Z. Chowdhuri, Geza Zsigmond, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, S. Knappe-Grüneberg, G. Petzoldt, A. S. Pazgalev, F. Kuchler, Allard Schnabel, A. Mtchedlishvili, St. Kistryn, G. Rogel, T. Lauer, M. Daum, A. Kraft, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutron magnetic moment, Neutron electric dipole moment, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Dipole, Electric dipole moment, Magnetization, Polarization density, 0103 physical sciences, Ultracold neutrons, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Magnetic dipole
Abstract

International audience; We describe the status of the new measurement of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) to be performed at the strong source of ultra-cold neutrons at the Paul Scherrer Institut. The experimental technique is based on Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields, applied to UCN stored in vacuum in a chamber at room temperature. Our approach is performed in three phases: in phase one, new components have been developed and tested at the Institut Laue-Langevin. Phase two is being performed at PSI, where the apparatus was moved in 2009. Here, together with the optimization of the magnetic environment, the prospective UCN density of not, vert, similar 100 cm-3 should enable an improvement of the currently best limit by a factor of five within two years of data taking. In the third phase, a new spectrometer will then gain another order of magnitude in sensitivity. The improvements will be mainly due to (1) much higher UCN intensity, (2) improved magnetometry and magnetic field control, and (3) a double chamber configuration with opposite electric field directions.

Published
2010
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19. Towards a new measurement of the neutron electric dipole moment

Author

S. Roccia, Lutz Trahms, G. Hampel, Soumen Paul, D. Rebreyend, Werner Heil, Peter Fierlinger, Jacek Zejma, N. V. Khomutov, Paul E. Knowles, A. Mtchedlishvili, S. Knappe-Grüneberg, M. Daum, G. Rogel, Yu. Sobolev, Allard Schnabel, Norbert Wiehl, Antoine Weis, M. Horras, G. Petzoldt, A. S. Pazgalev, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, A. Kozela, I. Altarev, T. Sander-Thoemmes, Natalis Severijns, Bernhard Lauss, Kazimierz Bodek, C. Plonka-Spehr, Geza Zsigmond, Georg Bison, G. Quéméner, M. Kuźniak, Andreas Knecht, T. Lauer, Reinhold Henneck, Milan Cvijovic, G. Ban, St. Kistryn, Erwin Gutsmiedl, J. V. Kratz, Martin Burghoff, T. Lefort, R. Stoepler, E. Pierre, Klaus Kirch, F. Kuchler, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T. Soldner, V. Nesvizhevsky, C. Plonka-Spehr, K. Protasov, K. Schreckenbach, and O. Zimmer

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time reversal violation, Electric dipole moment, Spectrometer, Neutron electric dipole moment, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Magnetometer, Phase (waves), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, law.invention, law, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Ultracold neutrons, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

International audience; The effort towards a new measurement of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) at the Paul Scherrer Institut's (PSI) new high intensity source of ultracold neutrons (UCN) is described. The experimental technique relies on Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields, using UCN in vacuum with the apparatus at ambient temperature. In the first phase, R&D towards the upgrade of the RAL/Sussex/ILL apparatus is being performed at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL). In the second phase the apparatus, moved from ILL to PSI, will allow an improvement in experimental sensitivity by a factor of 5. In the third phase, a new spectrometer should gain another order of magnitude in sensitivity. The improvements will be mainly due to (1) much higher UCN intensity, (2) improved magnetometry and magnetic field control, and (3) a double chamber configuration with opposite electric field directions.

Published
2009
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20. Observation of Gravitationally Induced Vertical Striation of Polarized Ultracold Neutrons by Spin-Echo Spectroscopy

Author

D. Rebreyend, Z. Chowdhuri, A. Kozela, Malgorzata Kasprzak, G. Ban, Philip Harris, Y. Lemière, J. A. Thorne, J. Krempel, S. Roccia, C. Plonka-Spehr, M. Rawlik, Werner Heil, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, B. Franke, J. M. Pendlebury, H.-C. Koch, Guillaume Pignol, V. Hélaine, D. Rozpedzik, M. Daum, Martin Fertl, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Jacek Zejma, E. Wursten, Y. Kermaidic, S. Afach, T. Lefort, Zoran D. Grujić, W. C. Griffith, Antoine Weis, N. J. Ayres, A. Mtchedlishvili, M. Musgrave, Nathal Severijns, Florian M. Piegsa, Paul E. Knowles, G. Quéméner, Bernhard Lauss, P. N. Prashanth, Geza Zsigmond, S. Komposch, Georg Bison, Kazimierz Bodek, J. Zenner, D. Ries, G. Wyszynski, Klaus Kirch, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM SNO), and Université Paris-Saclay-Univ. Paris-Sud-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Dephasing, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, QC, Physics, Neutrons, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Models, Theoretical, Neutron spectroscopy, Magnetic field, Cold Temperature, Electric dipole moment, Kinetics, Spin echo, Ultracold neutrons, Atomic physics, Gravitation
Abstract

We describe a spin-echo method for ultracold neutrons (UCNs) confined in a precession chamber and exposed to a $|B_0|=1~\text{\mu T}$ magnetic field. We have demonstrated that the analysis of UCN spin-echo resonance signals in combination with knowledge of the ambient magnetic field provides an excellent method by which to reconstruct the energy spectrum of a confined ensemble of neutrons. The method takes advantage of the relative dephasing of spins arising from a gravitationally induced striation of stored UCN of different energies, and also permits an improved determination of the vertical magnetic-field gradient with an exceptional accuracy of $1.1~\text{pT/cm}$. This novel combination of a well-known nuclear resonance method and gravitationally induced vertical striation is unique in the realm of nuclear and particle physics and should prove to be invaluable for the assessment of systematic effects in precision experiments such as searches for an electric dipole moment of the neutron or the measurement of the neutron lifetime., Comment: 7 pages 5 figures, accepted by PRL, September, 08 2015

Published
2015
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21. Design and performance of an absolute $^3$He/Cs magnetometer

Author

Jens Voigt, Antoine Weis, A. Kraft, Werner Heil, H.-C. Koch, Georg Bison, Paul E. Knowles, A. S. Pazgalev, Allard Schnabel, Zoran D. Grujić, and Malgorzata Kasprzak

Subjects
Physics, Field (physics), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Magnetometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Highly sensitive, law.invention, Magnetic field, Computational physics, Physics::Geophysics, Physics - Atomic Physics, Electric dipole moment, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ultracold neutrons, Precession, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics)
Abstract

We report on the design and performance of a highly sensitive combined $^3$He/Cs magnetometer for the absolute measurement of magnetic fields. The magnetometer relies on the magnetometric detection of the free spin precession of nuclear spin polarized $^3$He gas by optically pumped cesium magnetometers. We plan to deploy this type of combined magnetometer in an experiment searching for a permanent electric dipole moment of ultracold neutrons at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland). A prototype magnetometer was built at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) and tested at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (Berlin, Germany). We demonstrate that the combined magnetometer allows Cram\'er-Rao- limited field determinations with recording times in the range of $\sim 500\mathrm{s}$, measurements above $500\mathrm{s}$ being limited by the stability of the applied magnetic field. % With a $100\mathrm{s}$ recording time we were able to perform an absolute measurement of a magnetic field of $\approx1\mathrm{\mu T}$ with a standard uncertainty of $\Delta B\sim60\mathrm{fT}$, corresponding to $\Delta B/B, Comment: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2015-60018-7

Published
2015

22. Gravitational depolarization of ultracold neutrons : comparison with data

Author

G. Ban, M. G. D. van der Grinten, D. Shiers, Jacek Zejma, D. Ries, P. Geltenbort, Werner Heil, Georg Bison, W. C. Griffith, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, M. Musgrave, S. N. Ivanov, Bernhard Lauss, Nathal Severijns, B. Franke, Guillaume Pignol, P. N. Prashanth, Zoran D. Grujić, K. Green, A. Kozela, Malgorzata Kasprzak, J. A. Thorne, J. Krempel, V. Hélaine, S. Roccia, H.-C. Koch, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, Klaus Kirch, Kazimierz Bodek, J. M. Pendlebury, Philip Harris, C. Plonka-Spehr, Geza Zsigmond, T. Lefort, G. Quéméner, D. Rozpedzik, S. Komposch, S. Afach, Martin Fertl, C.A. Baker, Y. Kermaidic, J. Zenner, Y. Lemière, P. Iaydjiev, N. J. Ayres, M. Rawlik, Florian M. Piegsa, E. Wursten, Antoine Weis, D. Rebreyend, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Field (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Gravitation, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutron, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, QC, Larmor precession, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 1420Dh, Depolarization, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Magnetic field gradient, 1130Er, numbers: 1340Em, 0755Ge, Electric dipole moment, Physics::Space Physics, Ultracold neutrons, Atomic physics
Abstract

We compare the expected effects of so-called gravitationally enhanced depolarization of ultracold neutrons to measurements carried out in a spin-precession chamber exposed to a variety of vertical magnetic-field gradients. In particular, we have investigated the dependence upon these field gradients of spin depolarization rates and also of shifts in the measured neutron Larmor precession frequency. We find excellent qualitative agreement, with gravitationally enhanced depolarization accounting for several previously unexplained features in the data., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. Updated: section added about implications for current nEDM limit

Published
2015
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23. Final State Interaction Effects in 3He(e ,e'p)

Author

Ernst-Wilhelm Otten, R. Skibiński, Werner Heil, P. Merle, Michael Seimetz, Ingo Sick, Hiroyuki Kamada, Simon Širca, R. Böhm, M. Weis, Ch. Normand, M. Kohl, A. Nogga, J. Bermuth, M. Potokar, Th. Walcher, H. Schmieden, W. Glöckle, M. Hauger, J.M. Friedrich, Jörg Schmiedeskamp, R. Neuhausen, M. O. Distler, Harald Merkel, J. Jourdan, Jacek Golak, Glen A. Warren, H. Wöhrle, A. Klein, D. Baumann, M. Zeier, M. Ding, Daniela Rohe, P. Bartsch, Th. Pospischil, C. Carasco, D. Bosnar, K. W. Krygier, G. Testa, U. Müller, Henryk Witała, and P. Jennewein

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Current (mathematics), 3He-structure, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Operator (physics), Continuum (design consultancy), Momentum transfer, Kinematics, State (functional analysis), 01 natural sciences, Exact solutions in general relativity, Quantum mechanics, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Final-state interaction, Polarized electron scattering, 010306 general physics, Ground state
Abstract

Asymmetries in quasi-elastic 3 He ( e → , e ′ p ) have been measured at a momentum transfer of 0.67 (GeV/ c ) 2 and are compared to a calculation which takes into account relativistic kinematics in the final state and a relativistic one-body current operator. With an exact solution of the Faddeev equation for the 3 He -ground state and an approximate treatment of final state interactions in the continuum good agreement is found with the experimental data.

Published
2003

24. Helicity dependence of the γ 3He → πX reactions in the Δ(1232) resonance region

Author

M. Unverzagt, I. J. D. MacGregor, R. Beck, F. Pheron, V. L. Kashevarov, F. Rigamonti, S. Cherepnya, B. M. K. Nefkens, W. J. Briscoe, A. N. Mushkarenkov, R. Kondratiev, J. R. M. Annand, G. Rosner, D. M. Manley, A. Starostin, M. Korolija, A. Nikolaev, P. Aguar Bartolomé, M. Oberle, B. Krusche, Giuseppe Mandaglio, A. Polonski, A. Kulbardis, M. Thiel, E. J. Downie, I. Jaegle, D. Hornidge, M. Ostrick, S. Costanza, A. J. Sarty, J. Ahrens, D. Howdle, B. Oussena, D. P. Watts, J. Mancell, D. Werthmüller, L. V. Fil'kov, D. G. Middleton, J. C. McGeorge, V. S. Bekrenev, H. Berghäuser, K. Livingston, T. C. Jude, J. Krimmer, T. Rostomyan, I. Supek, S. Schumann, H. J. Arends, P. B. Otte, A. Fix, P. Pedroni, I. Keshelashvili, A. Braghieri, M. Romaniuk, David Hamilton, S. P. Kruglov, V. Lisin, O. Jahn, Werner Heil, G. M. Huber, D. I. Glazier, S. N. Prakhov, Andy Thomas, C. Collicott, P. Drexler, H. Ortega, Volker Metag, and E. Heid

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Crystal Ball
Abstract

The helicity dependences of the differential cross sections for the semi-inclusive γ 3He → π0 X and γ 3He → π± X reactions have been measured for the first time in the energy region 200 < E γ 450 MeV. The experiment was performed at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz using a longitudinally polarised high-pressure 3He gas target. Hadronic products were measured with the large-acceptance Crystal Ball detector complemented with additional devices for charged-particle tracking and identification. Unpolarised differential cross sections and their helicity dependence are compared with theoretical calculations using the Fix-Arenhovel model. The effect of the intermediate excitation of the Δ(1232) resonance can be clearly seen from this comparison, especially for the polarised case, where nuclear effects are relatively small. The model provides a better theoretical description of the unpolarised charged pion photoproduction data than the neutral pion channel. It does significantly better in describing the helicity-dependent data in both channels. These comparisons provide new information on the mechanisms involved in pion photoproduction on 3He and suggest that a polarised 3He target can provide valuable information on the corresponding polarised quasi-free neutron reactions.

Published
2014

25. Measurement of the Neutron Electric to Magnetic Form Factor Ratio atQ2=1.58 GeV2Using the ReactionHe→3(e→,e′n)pp

Author

J. Pochodzalla, M. M. Sargsian, S. Širca, T. Hehl, C. J. Yoon, S. Sánchez Majos, Harald Merkel, J. Krimmer, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, M. Wendel, B. S. Schlimme, L. Nungesser, M. O. Distler, M. Weinriefer, U. Müller, P. Grabmayr, Mihael Makek, D. Kiselev, M. Potokar, P. Achenbach, M. Gómez Rodríguez, Ingo Sick, F. Fellenberger, B. A. Ott, H. Fonvieille, Luca Doria, D. G. Middleton, Jan C. Bernauer, Th. Challand, Werner Heil, R. Böhm, and Damir Bosnar

Subjects
Physics, Systematic error, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Polarized target, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetic form factor, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

A measurement of beam helicity asymmetries in the reaction $^{3}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{He}}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{e},{e}^{\ensuremath{'}}n)pp$ is performed at the Mainz Microtron in quasielastic kinematics to determine the electric to magnetic form factor ratio of the neutron ${G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}$ at a four-momentum transfer ${Q}^{2}=1.58\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{2}$. Longitudinally polarized electrons are scattered on a highly polarized $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ gas target. The scattered electrons are detected with a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, and the ejected neutrons are detected with a dedicated neutron detector composed of scintillator bars. To reduce systematic errors, data are taken for four different target polarization orientations allowing the determination of ${G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}$ from a double ratio. We find ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{n}{G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}=0.250\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.058(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017(\mathrm{syst})$.

Published
2013
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26. Search for Spin-Dependent Short-Range Interaction with an 3He/129Xe Clock Comparison Experiment

Author

Sergei Karpuk, Werner Heil, F. Allmendinger, Ulrich Schmidt, K. Tullney, and Yuri Sobolev

Subjects
Larmor precession, Physics, Particle physics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Pseudoscalar, Orders of magnitude (time), 0103 physical sciences, Precession, Neutron, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), Axion, Boson
Abstract

We performed an experiment to search for a new spin-dependent P- and T-violating nucleon–nucleon interaction [Formula: see text] which is mediated by light pseudoscalar bosons such as axions or axionlike particles. This interaction causes a shift [Formula: see text] in the precession frequency of nuclear spin polarized gases in the presence of an unpolarized mass. In order to measure this frequency shift a 3He/[Formula: see text]Xe comagnetometer was used which is based on the detection of free precession of 3He and [Formula: see text]Xe nuclear spins using SQUIDs as detectors. For the upper limit of [Formula: see text] we obtained 7.1[Formula: see text]nHz. With this value, an upper limit of the scalar-pseudoscalar coupling of the axion to the spin of a bound neutron could be deduced within the axion mass window. For axion masses between 2 and 500[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]eV, the laboratory upper bounds were improved by up to 4 orders of magnitude.

Published
2016
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27. Testing isotropy of the universe using the Ramsey resonance technique on ultracold neutron spins

Author

M. Horras, G. Ban, Klaus Kirch, A. Kozela, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, T. Lefort, Jacek Zejma, D. Rebreyend, Martin Rebetez, S. Roccia, Paul E. Knowles, Guillaume Pignol, N. V. Khomutov, E. Pierre, Werner Heil, Erwin Gutsmiedl, J. Zenner, Yu. Sobolev, M. Daum, Y. Lemière, Florian M. Piegsa, Natalis Severijns, Bernhard Lauss, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, G. Quéméner, Martin Fertl, T. Lauer, Peter Fierlinger, A. Kraft, G. Petzoldt, A. S. Pazgalev, I. Altarev, Kazimierz Bodek, Andreas Knecht, A. Mtchedlishvili, B. Franke, Antoine Weis, Reinhold Henneck, Geza Zsigmond, St. Kistryn, Georg Bison, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Neutron electric dipole moment, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Lorentz covariance, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Larmor precession, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Spins, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Neutron spectroscopy, Ultracold neutrons
Abstract

Physics at the Planck scale could be revealed by looking for tiny violations of fundamental symmetries in low energy experiments. In 2008, a sensitive test of the isotropy of the Universe using has been performed with stored ultracold neutrons (UCN), this is the first clock-comparison experiment performed with free neutrons. During several days we monitored the Larmor frequency of neutron spins in a weak magnetic field using the Ramsey resonance technique. An non-zero cosmic axial field, violating rotational symmetry, would induce a daily variation of the precession frequency. Our null result constitutes one of the most stringent tests of Lorentz invariance to date., proceedings of the PNCMI2010 conference

Published
2011
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28. IMPACT OF NEUTRON DECAY EXPERIMENTS ON NON-STANDARD MODEL PHYSICS

Author

Gertrud Konrad, Werner Heil, S. Baeßler, F. Glück, and Dinko Pocanic

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Scalar (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Observable, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

This paper gives a brief overview of the present and expected future limits on physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) from neutron beta decay, which is described by two parameters only within the SM. Since more than two observables are accessible, the problem is over-determined. Thus, precise measurements of correlations in neutron decay can be used to study the SM as well to search for evidence of possible extensions to it. Of particular interest in this context are the search for right-handed currents or for scalar and tensor interactions. Precision measurements of neutron decay observables address important open questions of particle physics and cosmology, and are generally complementary to direct searches for new physics beyond the SM in high-energy physics. Free neutron decay is therefore a very active field, with a number of new measurements underway worldwide. We present the impact of recent developments., 13 pages, 6 figures; Proceedings of the 5th International BEYOND 2010 Conference, Cape Town, South Africa (2010), World Scientific, accepted for publication; Corrected typos

Published
2011
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29. A polarized 3He target for the photon beam at MAMI

Author

Zahir Salhi, H. J. Arends, Saverio Altieri, Andy Thomas, Ernst W. Otten, Werner Heil, P. Aguar Bartolomé, J. Krimmer, S. Karpuk, J. Ahrens, P. Pedroni, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Delta baryon, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Helium-3, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Microtron, Crystal Ball
Abstract

A polarized 3 He target has been installed for the first time inside the 4 π Crystal Ball detector at the tagged photon beam of the MAinz MIcrotron (MAMI). It has been demonstrated that the system works reliably and that the polarization losses during handling of the polarized gas are under control. Initial polarization values up to 70% and total relaxation times up to 20 h could be obtained during a first test beam time devoted to the measurement of the double polarized photoabsorption cross-section in the Δ ( 1232 ) baryon resonance region.

Published
2011
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30. Test of Lorentz invariance with spin precession of ultracold neutrons

Author

J. M. Pendlebury, N. V. Khomutov, Werner Heil, Natalis Severijns, Bernhard Lauss, A. Kozela, Martin Rebetez, A. Knecht, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Yu. Sobolev, A. Mtchedlishvili, Antoine Weis, S. Roccia, Guillaume Pignol, P. Geltenbort, T. Lefort, G. Rogel, Jacek Zejma, D. Shiers, C.A. Baker, G. Ban, Philip Harris, M. Kuźniak, M. G. D. van der Grinten, Reinhold Henneck, P. Iaydjiev, I. Altarev, G. Quéméner, Erwin Gutsmiedl, St. Kistryn, Georg Bison, F. Kuchler, A. S. Pazgalev, S. N. Ivanov, M. Horras, T. Lauer, Kazimierz Bodek, D. Rebreyend, K. Green, Peter Fierlinger, Paul E. Knowles, M. Daum, G. Petzoldt, E. Pierre, Klaus Kirch, Geza Zsigmond, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Elementary particle, Lorentz covariance, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Dipole, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Precession, Ultracold neutrons, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Spin (physics), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A clock comparison experiment, analyzing the ratio of spin precession frequencies of stored ultracold neutrons and $^{199}$Hg atoms is reported. %57 No daily variation of this ratio could be found, from which is set an upper limit on the Lorentz invariance violating cosmic anisotropy field $b_{\bot} < 2 \times 10^{-20} {\rm eV}$ (95% C.L.). This is the first limit for the free neutron. This result is also interpreted as a direct limit on the gravitational dipole moment of the neutron $|g_n| < 0.3 $eV/$c^2$ m from a spin-dependent interaction with the Sun. Analyzing the gravitational interaction with the Earth, based on previous data, yields a more stringent limit $|g_n| < 3 \times 10^{-4} $eV/$c^2 $m., 4 pages, 3 figures accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2009
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31. Additional results from the first dedicated search for neutron–mirror neutron oscillations

Author

N. V. Khomutov, S. Roccia, G. Rogel, Lutz Trahms, G. Quéméner, S. Knappe-Grüneberg, C. Plonka-Spehr, D. Rebreyend, Paul E. Knowles, Martin Burghoff, Andreas Knecht, Jacek Zejma, R. Stoepler, A. Mtchedlishvili, G. Hampel, Klaus Kirch, T. Sander-Thoemmes, T. Lauer, G. Ban, A. S. Pazgalev, Allard Schnabel, St. Kistryn, Georg Bison, Kazimierz Bodek, Geza Zsigmond, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Reinhold Henneck, Natalis Severijns, M. Daum, J. V. Kratz, Bernhard Lauss, Yu. Sobolev, I. Altarev, T. Lefort, Klaus Eberhardt, M. Kuźniak, Werner Heil, Peter Fierlinger, Norbert Wiehl, Antoine Weis, G. Petzoldt, Erwin Gutsmiedl, Soumen Paul, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Mirror neutrons, 01 natural sciences, Neutronoscillations, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Ultracold neutrons, Neutron, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

International audience; The existence of a mirror world holding a copy of our ordinary particle spectrum could lead to oscillations between the neutron (n) and its mirror partner (n′). Such oscillations could manifest themselves in storage experiments with ultracold neutrons whose storage lifetime would depend on the applied magnetic field. Here, extended details and measurements from the first dedicated experimental search for nn′ oscillations published in [G. Ban, K. Bodek, M. Daum, R. Henneck, S. Heule, M. Kasprzak, N. Khomutov, K. Kirch, S. Kistryn, A. Knecht, P. Knowles, M. Kuźniak, T. Lefort, A. Mtchedlishvili, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, C. Plonka, G. Quéméner, M. Rebetez, D. Rebreyend, S. Roccia, G. Rogel, M. Tur, A. Weis, J. Zejma, G. Zsigmond, Direct experimental limit on neutron mirror–neutron oscillations, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (2007) 161603] will be presented, focussing on a possible dependence of the UCN counts on the magnetic field and its direction. However, at present no significant change in the averaged UCN counts with respect to the applied magnetic field has been found.

Published
2008
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32. Measurement of a false electric dipole moment signal from Hg-199 atoms exposed to an inhomogeneous magnetic field

Author

G. Ban, J. Krempel, M. G. D. van der Grinten, Y. Kermaidic, S. Komposch, M. Horras, Paul E. Knowles, Geza Zsigmond, J. M. Pendlebury, D. Ries, P. Geltenbort, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, Guillaume Pignol, T. Lefort, S. Roccia, Oscar Naviliat-Cuncic, Y. Lemière, Jacek Zejma, Werner Heil, Nathal Severijns, Beatrice Franke, Martin Fertl, A. Mtchedlishvili, Plamen Iaydjiev, G. Wyszynski, S. N. Ivanov, S. Afach, Georg Bison, Bernhard Lauss, Zoran D. Grujić, A. Kozela, K. Green, J. Zenner, Kazimierz Bodek, G. Quéméner, H.-C. Koch, D. Rebreyend, Z. Chowdhuri, Malgorzata Kasprzak, V. Hélaine, Philip Harris, Klaus Kirch, P. N. Prashant, Antoine Weis, Reinhold Henneck, C.A. Baker, E. Wursten, Florian M. Piegsa, M. Daum, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, CSNSM SNO, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Larmor precession, Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Magnetometer, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Signal, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics - Atomic Physics, Magnetic field, law.invention, Electric dipole moment, law, Electric field, atomic physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; We report on the measurement of a Larmor frequency shift proportional to the electric-field strength for $^{199}{\rm Hg}$ atoms contained in a volume permeated with aligned magnetic and electric fields. This shift arises from the interplay between the inevitable magnetic field gradients and the motional magnetic field. The proportionality to electric-field strength makes it apparently similar to an electric dipole moment (EDM) signal, although unlike an EDM this effect is P- and T-conserving. We have used a neutron magnetic resonance EDM spectrometer, featuring a mercury co-magnetometer and an array of external cesium magnetometers, to measure the shift as a function of the applied magnetic field gradient. Our results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations.

Published
2015
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