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The objective of this investigation is to utilize the poultry waste of chicken feather fibres into suitable applications and evaluate the mechanical properties. Chicken feather fiber reinforced (epoxy resin) composites were processed by hand layup method. In order to produce the composites, the chicken feather fibers (CFF) were processed with epoxy resins for three fiber reinforcement loadings. Different experimental investigations were conducted to determine mechanical properties of CFF reinforced composites.

In the present designing period surface composites are deeply reasonable for the applications meeting the surface relations. For increasing the wear resistance, quality, ductile strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, formability and fatigue property lacking upsetting the characteristics of the material here we are using friction stir processing, one of the reliable and mounting systems for possessing the above said properties. The present article is organized to exhibit bits of knowledge concerning the effect of procedure parameters, reinforcing particles, dynamic cooling and different passes on microstructure progression during the production of surface composites. Since the complications of hardware wear rate in FSP of high liquefying point and hard external complexes, a fresh note on mechanical assembly materials and the limitation in their treatment is in like manner passed on. The fundamental frameworks in fortifying the surface composite are analyzed with uncovered models. The examination has revealed a couple of openings in investigate external mixtures by methods for FSP way, for instance, age of distortion-free composites, changing microstructures, a progression of solid and monetary contraptions, and enduring on the fortifying frameworks. Huge recommendations for further examination in persuading assembling regarding external composited by FSP are passed on.

The design and implementation of humanoid gesture control robotic arm with multiple actuations is proposed. Utilization of gesture based design is made here. The design is made such a way that five separate movable fingers, flexion and extension installed wrist with tilt feature. Human palm movements are imitated in robotic arm using the motion glove. To develop the processing of arms with additional movement, to improve the aesthetics both for the safety and to look as less artificial. Already in this field metallic and plastic variants are used. The dimensions are made with the help of human palm dimensions. A human design is not sufficient. It also need the movements that is done by actual human [1] . In this paper we propose the number of movements done by the arm is made to 120 [2] .

This study investigated microstructure evolution, thermo-magnetic and mechanical behavior of magnetic shape memory thin film at different substrate temperature. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the evolution of different phase structure concerning substrate temperature. According to microstructure analysis, the grain size increases with the substrate temperature and also the shape of the grain changed from pyramidal to spherical. A strong dependence of magnetic properties on grain size and phase structure is also observed. Coercivity is found to decrease with increasing substrate temperature up to a minimum value of 62 Oe for the film deposited at 773 K and with further increase in substrate temperature it is found to increase. Based on the relationship between grain size and the nanoindentation results, the decline in the hardness and elastic moduli can be reasonably inferred to be associated with enlarged grain size, consistent with the “Hall–Petch” effect and the grain refinement mechanism.

From first principles density functional theory, Li-decorated octagraphene and its usage as a hydrogen storage media is theoretically investigated. Octagraphene is a versatile structure with periodic sp2 – bonded carbon atomic planar sheet. This carbon allotrope consists of carbon octagons and rectangular lattices with two bond lengths. The Li binding energy in octagraphene is 2.5 eV, which is much higher than that of pristine graphene. Maximum of four hydrogen molecules can be adsorbed on Li decorated on one side of octagraphene and this leads to a gravimetric storage capacity of 2.4 wt% with an average adsorption binding energy of 0.35eV/H2. Li decorated on both sides of octagraphene, attains a gravimetric storage capacity of 8.1 wt% with an average binding energy of 0.23 eV/ H2. Thus, the structure investigated here is flattering for the reversible hydrogen adsorption/ desorption at the room temperature.

The influence of Cr doping for Mn on the structural, martensitic transformation and mechanical properties of Ni43Co5Mn44-xCrxSn8 (x = 0, 1.5, 3, 5, 6 and 6.5) alloys has been systematically investigated. The replacement of Mn by Cr changed the alloy microstructure from a single-phase martensite to a refined eutectic dual-phase microstructure consisting of a martensitic/austenitic matrix and a γ phase. The volume fraction of the γ phase increased progressively with increasing the Cr doping. The γ phase formation altered the composition and e/a ratio of the matrix phase. As a result, the martensitic temperatures and the entropy change of the transformation showed a decrease in these alloys. The Cr-doped eutectic Ni–Co–Mn–Sn alloy exhibited superior mechanical properties attributed to the well dispersed γ phase lamellar grains for effective crack retardation while retaining the metamagnetic phase transformation. The compressive strength and ductility of alloys are notably enhanced from 290 MPa to 1420 MPa and from 6.7% to 15.8% respectively with Cr doping from 0 at% to 6.5 at%.

This paper investigates the effects of post-deposition annealing on the evolution of phase structure and magnetic properties of magnetron sputtered Ni2FeGa/Si (001) thin films. The results revealed that the as-deposited film was partially crystallized in an fcc structure, i.e. [Formula: see text] phase. Crystallization of the amorphous structure into the [Formula: see text] phase was greatly encouraged following annealing at 723 K for 1 h. Annealing at higher temperatures for the same period triggered the formation of the bcc austenitic phase, which competed with the [Formula: see text] phase simultaneously for crystallization and grain growth. The evolution of phase structure and grain size also influenced the nanomechanical properties of the films according to the nanoindentation measurement. The film annealed at 873 K for 1 h showed high hardness and elastic modulus values of 11.1 GPa and 156 GPa. The [Formula: see text] phase showed stronger ferromagnetic characteristics relative to the bcc austenite due to the richer Fe content. This leads to the saturation magnetization to be maximized at 80 emu/g when annealed at 773 K for 1 h attributed to the enhanced film crystallinity and dominant volume fraction of [Formula: see text] phase in the thin film.

We report the effect of post-annealing on the crystalline phase, grain growth, magnetic and mechanical properties of Ni–Mn–Ga thin films deposited at room temperature followed by post-annealing at different temperatures. The phase and microstructural analysis reveal that amorphous to crystalline transformation occurs in as-deposited films after post-annealing above 873 K. The transformation of disordered phase into nanocrystalline phase by the influence of annealing has been confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The crystalline films exhibit soft magnetic behavior with the Curie temperature of 314 K, while the amorphous films exhibit the Pauli-paramagnetic behavior even down to 4 K. The mechanical properties like hardness and elastic modulus of the films also show a strong dependence on the annealing temperature with crystalline film exhibiting maximum values of 6 GPa and 103 GPa, respectively. The Ni–Mn–Ga film annealed at 873 K exhibits enhanced nanomechanical properties and room temperature ferromagnetism which make this a potential candidate for use in MEMS devices.

The structure and the magnetic transitions have been investigated as a function of Mn in stoichiometric Ni2MnGa heusler alloys. Particular attention is paid to examine the linear increase of martensite transformation temperature on substituting Mn for Ga. It is observed that the martensite temperature increases and Curie temperature decreases with the effect of Mn content. Room-temperature magnetic measurements show the composition-dependent characteristics with decreasing magnetic saturation values and increasing coercivity values due to decrease in the magnetic exchange interaction strength with increasing Mn in place of Ga. The scanning electron microscopy image confirms that the Mn-rich alloys have the martensitic plates.