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1. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author: G. Forbes, Joseph M. Zawodny, C. Piccolo, Jeffrey R. Taylor, David W. Tarasick, Joe W. Waters, J. J. Jin, I. S. Boyd, B. J. Firanski, Sean D. McLeod, Larry W. Thomason, M. P. McCormick, Jonathan Davies, B.T. Marshall, E. Dupuy, H. Küllmann, C. Tétard, Michael Höpfner, F. Nichitiu, I. Kramer, I. S. McDermid, Alan Parrish, Martin McHugh, T. Steck, C. de Clercq, Nicholas B. Jones, M. De Mazière, P. Gerard, James R. Drummond, T. Blumenstock, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, C. T. McElroy, Emmanuel Mahieu, Greg Bodeker, Ryan Hughes, Chris Roth, T. E. Kerzenmacher, Jacquelyn C. Witte, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Heinrich Bovensmann, Kimberly Strong, David W. T. Griffith, Ashley Jones, Jakub Urban, James W. Hannigan, C. D. Boone, M. A. Wolff, R. Skelton, J. Dodion, Donal P. Murtagh, D. A. Degenstein, Filip Vanhellemont, Nathaniel J. Livesey, Claude Robert, J. C. McConnell, Adam Bourassa, Johan Mellqvist, Ugo Cortesi, J. Kar, P. von der Gathen, Erkki Kyrölä, John P. Burrows, Cora E. Randall, Yasuhiro Murayama, Astrid Bracher, Corinne Vigouroux, Peter F. Bernath, Philippe Baron, T. Christensen, C. von Savigny, Denis Dufour, Florence Goutail, Nicholas D. Lloyd, Matthias Schneider, T. von Clarmann, Anne M. Thompson, S. V. Petelina, Gloria L. Manney, Tobias Borsdorff, M. T. Coffey, Armin Kleinböhl, Simon Chabrillat, Craig S. Haley, José Granville, Valéry Catoire, A. Strandberg, Yasuko Kasai, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Chris A. McLinden, Simone Ceccherini, Herbert Fischer, D. P. J. Swart, A. Kagawa, Richard M. Bevilacqua, Hermann Oelhaf, Colette Brogniez, P. Demoulin, Kenneth W. Jucks, C. Senten, Lucien Froidevaux, Jean-Christopher Lambert, J. Zou, E. J. Llewellyn, Caroline R. Nowlan, Ralf Sussmann, Didier Fussen, Kohei Mizutani, Kevin Strawbridge, M.B. Tully, Kaley A. Walker, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Christchurch] (NIWA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Environmental Research Institute [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory (ESSL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Centre For Atmospheric Research Experiments, Environment Canada Sable Island, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Fujitsu FIP Corporation, Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), GATS Inc., NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], Department of Physics, La Trobe University, La Trobe University (Victoria), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), PennState Meteorology Department, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] (BoM), Australian Government, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Christchurch], Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung ( IMK-IFU ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] ( UMass Amherst ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Danish Meteorological Institute ( DMI ), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory ( ESSL ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), SHTI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [Toronto] ( ESSE ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Australian Antarctic Division, Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Meteorology [PennState], PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] ( BoM ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] ( SSAI ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, and University of Oxford
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Ozone, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sunset, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mesosphere, lcsh:Chemistry, 010309 optics, Troposphere, remote sensing, chemistry.chemical_compound, Altitude, atmospheric composition, 0103 physical sciences, remote-sensing, Atmospheric structrure, ddc:550, Sunrise, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Fourier transform spectroscopy, lcsh:QC1-999, Earth sciences, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric compoistion, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: This paper presents extensive validation analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. The ACE satellite instruments operate in the mid-infrared and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectral regions using the solar occultation technique. In order to continue the long-standing record of solar occultation measurements from space, a detailed quality assessment is required to evaluate the ACE data and validate their use for scientific purposes. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the mean differences range generally between 0 and +10% with a slight but systematic positive bias (typically +5%). At higher altitudes (45-60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments by up to ~40% (typically +20%). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, agreement within ±10% (generally better than ±5%) is found between 18 and 40 km for the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (45-55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (by as much as -10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS and indicate a large positive bias (+10 to +30%) in this altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements. These systematic effects in the ozone profiles retrieved from the measurements of ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO are being investigated. This work shows that the ACE instruments provide reliable, high quality measurements from the tropopause to the upper stratosphere and can be used with confidence in this vertical domain
Published: 2009
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2. High gain wavelength selective ampliﬁcation and cavity ring down spectroscopy in a ﬂuoride glass erbium doped microsphere

Author: Alphonse Rasoloniaina, Patrice Feron, Yannick Dumeige, V. Huet, Stephane Trebaol, E. Le Cren, G. Nunzi Conti, Hélène Serier-Brault, Michel Mortier, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Condensed Matter Physics ( ICMP ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Institut des matériaux Jean Rouxel ( IMN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) ( LCMCP (site ENSCP) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL ( ENSCP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Action R&T SHYRO R-S10/LN-0001-004, ORA, CALIN, SHYRO, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) (LCMCP (site ENSCP)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Scattering, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, OCIS codes: 140.3945, 140.4480, 300.3700, 300.6310, Cavity ring-down spectroscopy, 010309 optics, Erbium, Laser linewidth, Wavelength, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Transient response, Whispering-gallery wave, 010306 general physics, business
Abstract: 3 pages; International audience; We experimentally demonstrate a compact optical amplifier consisting of a rare-earth-doped whispering-gallery-mode microsphere coupled via a tapered fiber. A gain up to 20 dB is reported in an erbium-doped fluoride glass microsphere 135 µm in diameter. Below the amplification regime, the optical gain is used to compensate for unavoidable losses due to surface contamination or scattering. Quality factor as high as 2 × 10^9 has been measured by analyzing the transient response of the microsphere excited by a dynamically shifted frequency input signal.
Published: 2012
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3. Glass microspherical lasers

Author: Yannick Dumeige, Silvia Soria, Alessandro Chiasera, Patrice Feron, Massimo Brenci, Christina Armellini, Laura Ghisa, Stephane Trebaol, Yoann Jestin, Stefano Pelli, Franco Cosi, Maurizio Ferrari, Andrea Chiappini, Giancarlo C. Righini, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, Simone Berneschi, Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' ( Centro Fermi ), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, MDF-Lab ( MDF-Lab, CNR-IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica ( CSMFO ), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università di Trento, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi ( DMD CNR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi (DMD CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Fabrication, erbium doped glass, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Coating, microspherical lasers, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, sol-gel, Composite material, silica-hafnia, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Lasers, Doping, technology, industry, and agriculture, Laser, Microspheres, Whispering gallery modes, engineering, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Layer (electronics), Gels, Erbium
Abstract: Purpose: Smart Optics, Publisher: Scientific.Net (ISSN 1662-0356); International audience; We report experimental results obtained in our laboratories in the development of Er3+-doped glass microspherical cavities for the fabrication of compact and low threshold laser sources at 1.55 µm. We investigate three different approaches in order to fabricate the microspheres including direct melting of Er3+-doped glass powders, coating of silica microspheres with an Er3+-doped sol-gel layer, and synthesis of Er3+-doped monolithic microspheres using the sol-gel route in acid catalysis. Details of the different fabrication processes are presented together with the photoluminescence characterization in free space configuration of the microspheres and of the glass precursor. We analyse the photoluminescence spectra of the whispering gallery modes of the microspheres exited using evanescent coupling and we demonstrate laser action in a wide range of wavelengths around 1.55 µm.
Published: 2008
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4. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author: E. Dupuy, K. A. Walker, J. Kar, C. D. Boone, C. T. McElroy, P. F. Bernath, J. R. Drummond, R. Skelton, S. D. McLeod, R. C. Hughes, C. R. Nowlan, D. G. Dufour, J. Zou, F. Nichitiu, K. Strong, P. Baron, R. M. Bevilacqua, T. Blumenstock, G. E. Bodeker, T. Borsdorff, A. E. Bourassa, H. Bovensmann, I. S. Boyd, A. Bracher, C. Brogniez, J. P. Burrows, V. Catoire, S. Ceccherini, S. Chabrillat, T. Christensen, M. T. Coffey, U. Cortesi, J. Davies, C. De Clercq, D. A. Degenstein, M. De Mazière, P. Demoulin, J. Dodion, B. Firanski, H. Fischer, G. Forbes, L. Froidevaux, D. Fussen, P. Gerard, S. Godin-Beekman, F. Goutail, J. Granville, D. Griffith, C. S. Haley, J. W. Hannigan, M. Höpfner, J. J. Jin, A. Jones, N. B. Jones, K. Jucks, A. Kagawa, Y. Kasai, T. E. Kerzenmacher, A. Kleinböhl, A. R. Klekociuk, I. Kramer, H. Küllmann, J. Kuttippurath, E. Kyrölä, J.-C. Lambert, N. J. Livesey, E. J. Llewellyn, N. D. Lloyd, E. Mahieu, G. L. Manney, B. T. Marshall, J. C. McConnell, M. P. McCormick, I. S. McDermid, M. McHugh, C. A. McLinden, J. Mellqvist, K. Mizutani, Y. Murayama, D. P. Murtagh, H. Oelhaf, A. Parrish, S. V. Petelina, C. Piccolo, J.-P. Pommereau, C. E. Randall, C. Robert, C. Roth, M. Schneider, C. Senten, T. Steck, A. Strandberg, K. B. Strawbridge, R. Sussmann, D. P. J. Swart, D. W. Tarasick, J. R. Taylor, C. Tétard, L. W. Thomason, A. M. Thompson, M. B. Tully, J. Urban, F. Vanhellemont, T. von Clarmann, P. von der Gathen, C. von Savigny, J. W. Waters, J. C. Witte, M. Wolff, J. M. Zawodny, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Danish Climate Centre, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory (ESSL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Environment Canada Sable Island, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Fujitsu FIP Corporation, Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] (IOAC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy-Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), GATS Inc., Atmospheric Sciences Division [Hampton], NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Department of Physics [Victoria], La Trobe University [Melbourne], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), PennState Meteorology Department, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] (BoM), Australian Government, Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] (SSAI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, University of Oxford [Oxford], National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] ( NIWA ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung ( IMK-IFU ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Danish Meteorological Institute ( DMI ), Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory ( ESSL ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [Toronto] ( ESSE ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] ( IOAC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] ( UMass Amherst ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Meteorology [PennState], PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Atmosphere Watch Section, Bureau of Meteorology, Department of Bentho-pelagic processes, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] ( SSAI ), and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC )
Subjects: 010309 optics, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This paper presents extensive validation analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. The ACE satellite instruments operate in the mid-infrared and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectral regions using the solar occultation technique. In order to continue the long-standing record of solar occultation measurements from space, a detailed quality assessment is required to evaluate the ACE data and validate their use for scientific purposes. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the mean differences range generally between 0 and +10% with a slight but systematic positive bias (typically +5%). At higher altitudes (45–60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments by up to ~40% (typically +20%). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, agreement within ±10% (generally better than ±5%) is found between 18 and 40 km for the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (45–55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (by as much as −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS and indicate a large positive bias (+10 to +30%) in this altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements. These systematic effects in the ozone profiles retrieved from the measurements of ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO are being investigated. This work shows that the ACE instruments provide reliable, high quality measurements from the tropopause to the upper stratosphere and can be used with confidence in this vertical domain.
Published: 2008
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5. Photonic properties of erbium activated coated microspheres

Author: Yannick Dumeige, Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, L. Ghisa, Stephane Trebaol, G. Nunzi Conti, Yoann Jestin, A. Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), SPIE, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Optical fiber, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Doping, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Erbium, Optics, Coating, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, engineering, Optoelectronics, Fiber, Whispering-gallery wave, 010306 general physics, business, Luminescence, Sol-gel
Abstract: conference 6890 " Components and Materials V ", Session 2 " Glass Photonic Devices " [6890-08], http://spie.org/x19316.xml; International audience; A simple method based on the sol-gel technology has been developed to coat passive microspheres with an active coating. The microspheres were prepared by fusion of a standard telecom fiber with a dimension of about 200 μm and 400 μm and have been respectively dipped in a 70SiO2-30HfO2 sol activated by 1 mol% and 0.1 mol% of erbium ions.Here we first report about the luminescence properties of a silica-hafnia coating doped with erbium ions and then whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed for different sphere diameters, thickness of coating and erbium concentration. The thickness of the coating has been chosen in order to support at least one whispering gallery mode at 1.5 μm. A simple method based on the sol-gel technology has been developed to coat passive microspheres with an active coating. The microspheres were prepared by fusion of a standard telecom fiber with a dimension of about 200 μm and 400 μm and have been respectively dipped in a 70SiO2-30HfO2 sol activated by 1 mol% and 0.1 mol% of erbium ions.Here we first report about the luminescence properties of a silica-hafnia coating doped with erbium ions and then whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed for different sphere diameters, thickness of coating and erbium concentration. The thickness of the coating has been chosen in order to support at least one whispering gallery mode at 1.5 μm.
Published: 2008
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6. MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Author: C. E. Blom, M. Endemann, D. H. Ehhalt, Marco Ridolfi, Bruno Carli, T. von Clarmann, Rob Koopman, J. Langen, Jean-Marie Flaud, Peter Mosner, Anu Dudhia, Gabriele Stiller, Manuel López-Puertas, L. Delbouille, Horst Fischer, Hermann Oelhaf, Roland Gessner, John Remedios, Rodolphe Zander, Anne Kleinert, Herbert Nett, Manfred Birk, Massimo Carlotti, Gaetan Perron, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Groupe Infra-Rouge de Physique Atmosphérique et Solaire (GIRPAS), GIRPAS, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie [Jülich], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EADS Astrium GmbH, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), ABB Bomem Inc., Earth Observation Science Group [Leicester] (EOS), Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester-University of Leicester, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), EGU, Publication, DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre ( IPA ), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] ( DLR ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), European Space Research Institute ( ESRIN ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Earth Observation Science (EOS), Space Research Centre, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), H. Fischer, M. Birk, C. Blom, B. Carli, M. Carlotti, T. von Clarmann, L. Delbouille, A. Dudhia, D. Ehhalt, M. Endemann, J. M. Flaud, R. Gessner, A. Kleinert, R. Koopman, J. Langen, M. López-Puerta, P. Mosner, H. Nett, H. Oelhaf, G. Perron, J. Remedio, M. Ridolfi, G. Stiller, and R. Zander
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, atmospheric chemistry, Meteorology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Instrumentation, Fourier transform spectrometers, 010501 environmental sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, lcsh:Chemistry, Troposphere, 010309 optics, law, limb sounding, 0103 physical sciences, Fourier-transform spectroscopy, ddc:550, ENVISAT, Remote sensing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Observational error, Payload, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Michelson interferometer, lcsh:QC1-999, MIPAS, Earth sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, infrared, atmospheric dynamics, lcsh:Physics, Emission Spectrometer
Abstract: MIPAS, the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, is a mid-infrared emission spectrometer which is part of the core payload of ENVISAT. It is a limb sounder, i.e. it scans across the horizon detecting atmospheric spectral radiances which are inverted to vertical temperature, trace species and cloud distributions. These data can be used for scientific investigations in various research fields including dynamics and chemistry in the altitude region between upper troposphere and lower thermosphere. The instrument is a well calibrated and characterized Fourier transform spectrometer which is able to detect many trace constituents simultaneously. The different concepts of retrieval methods are described including multi-target and two-dimensional retrievals. Operationally generated data sets consist of temperature, H2O, O3, CH4, N2O, HNO3, and NO2 profiles. Measurement errors are investigated in detail and random and systematic errors are specified. The results are validated by independent instrumentation which has been operated at ground stations or aboard balloon gondolas and aircraft. Intercomparisons of MIPAS measurements with other satellite data have been carried out, too. As a result, it has been proven that the MIPAS data are of good quality. MIPAS can be operated in different measurement modes in order to optimize the scientific output. Due to the wealth of information in the MIPAS spectra, many scientific results have already been published. They include intercomparisons of temperature distributions with ECMWF data, the derivation of the whole NOy family, the study of atmospheric processes during the Antarctic vortex split in September~2002, the determination of properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds, the downward transport of NOx in the middle atmosphere, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the influence of solar variability on the middle atmosphere, and the observation of Non-LTE effects in the mesosphere.
Published: 2008

7. Validation and data characteristics of methane and nitrous oxide profiles observed by MIPAS and processed with Version 4.61 algorithm

Author: Payan, Camy-Peyret, Oelhaf, Wetzel, Maucher, Keim, Pirre, Huret, Engel, Volk, M. C., Kuellmann, Kuttippurath, Cortesi, Bianchini, Mencaraglia, Raspollini, Redaelli, Vigouroux, De Mazière, Mikuteit, Blumenstock, Velazco, Notholt, Mahieu, Duchatelet, Smale, Wood, Jones, Piccolo, Payne, Bracher, Glatthor, Stiller, Grunow, Jeseck, Pfeilsticker, Butz, A, Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique (LPMAA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt [Frankfurt/Main] (IAU), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Remote Sensing Department [Bremen] (IFE), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen-University of Bremen, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), University of Wollongong, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. (AER), Institut für Meteorologie [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Wollongong [Australia], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique ( LPMAA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt [Frankfurt/Main] ( IAU ), Institute of Remote Sensing [Bremen] ( IFE ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] ( IUP ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), University of L'Aquila [Italy] ( UNIVAQ ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] ( NIWA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Atmospheric and Environment Research ( AER ), and Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin]
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Nitrous oxide, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Systematic deviation, Remote sensing, 01 natural sciences, Methane, SCIAMACHY, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Atmospheric composition and structure, chemistry, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, Positive bias, Algorithm, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The ENVISAT validation programme for the atmospheric instruments MIPAS, SCIAMACHY and GOMOS is based on a number of balloon-bone, aircraft and ground-based correlative measurements. In particular the activities of validation scientists were coordinated by ESA within the ENVISAT Stratospheric Aircraft and Balloon Campaign of ESABC. As part of a series of similar papers on other species [this issue] and in parallel to the contribution of the individual validation teams, the present paper provides a synthesis of comparisons performed between MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles produced by the current ESA operational software (Instrument Processing Facility version 4.61 or IPF v4.61) and correlative measurements obtained from balloon and aircraft experiments as well as from satellite sensors or from ground-based instruments. The MIPAS-E CH4 values show a positive bias in the lower stratosphere of about 10%. In case of N2O no systematic deviation with respect to the validation experiments could be identified. The individual used MIPAS data version 4.61 still exhibits some unphysical oscillations in individual CH4 and N2O profiles caused by the processing algorithm (with almost no regularization). Taking these problems into account, the MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles are behaving as expected from the internal error estimation of IPF v4.61.
Published: 2007
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8. Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) version 2.2 temperature using ground-based and space-borne measurements

Author: Sica, R. J., Izawa, M. R. M., Walker, K. A., Boone, Petelina, S. V., Argall, P. S., Bernath, Burns, G. B., Catoire, Collins, R. L., Daffer, W. H., De Clercq, Fan, Z. Y., Firanski, B. J., French, W. J. R., Gerard, Gerding, Granville, Innis, J. L., Keckhut, Kerzenmacher, Klekociuk, A. R., Kyrö, Lambert, J. C., Llewellyn, E. J., Manney, G. L., McDermid, I. S., Mizutani, Murayama, Piccolo, Raspollini, Ridolfi, Robert, Steinbrecht, Strawbridge, K. B., Strong, Stübi, Thurairajah, B.: Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) version 2.2 temperature using ground-based, space-borne measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 7, 12463-12539, Department of Physics and Astronomy [London, ON], University of Western Ontario ( UWO ), Department of Earth Sciences [London, ON], Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Department of Physics [Victoria], La Trobe University [Melbourne], Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] ( IOAC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy-Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Geophysical Institute [Fairbanks], University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), Columbus Technologies Inc., Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics ( AIP ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Arctic Research Centre of Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology ( NICT ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg ( MOHp ), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] ( DWD ), Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, R. J. Sica, M. R. M. Izawa, K. A. Walker, C. Boone, S. V. Petelina, P. S. Argall, P. Bernath, G. B. Burns, V. Catoire, R. L. Collins, W. H. Daffer, C. De Clercq, Z. Y. Fan, B. J. Firanski, W. J. R. French, P. Gerard, M. Gerding, J. Granville, J. L. Innis, P. Keckhut, T. Kerzenmacher, A. R. Klekociuk, E. Kyrö, J. C. Lambert, E. J. Llewellyn, G. L. Manney, I. S. McDermid, K. Mizutani, Y. Murayama, C. Piccolo, P. Raspollini, M. Ridolfi, C. Robert, W. Steinbrecht, K. B. Strawbridge, K. Strong, R. St&#369, bi, B. Thurairajah, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Ice, Ocean, Atmosphere and Climate Program [Kingston] (IOAC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (AIP), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Science and Technology Branch, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space (mathematics), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mesosphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Troposphere, 010309 optics, remote sensing, Atmospheric composition and structure, Quality (physics), Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, validation, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Chemistry, Temperature, lcsh:QC1-999, Lidar, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Retrieval techniques, Atmospheric chemistry, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: An ensemble of space-borne and ground-based instruments has been used to evaluate the quality of the version 2.2 temperature retrievals from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS). The agreement of ACE-FTS temperatures with other sensors is typically better than 2 K in the stratosphere and upper troposphere and 5 K in the lower mesosphere. There is evidence of a systematic high bias (roughly 3–6 K) in the ACE-FTS temperatures in the mesosphere, and a possible systematic low bias (roughly 2 K) in ACE-FTS temperatures near 23 km. Some ACE-FTS temperature profiles exhibit unphysical oscillations, a problem fixed in preliminary comparisons with temperatures derived using the next version of the ACE-FTS retrieval software. Though these relatively large oscillations in temperature can be on the order of 10 K in the mesosphere, retrieved volume mixing ratio profiles typically vary by less than a percent or so. Statistical comparisons suggest these oscillations occur in about 10% of the retrieved profiles. Analysis from a set of coincident lidar measurements suggests that the random error in ACE-FTS version 2.2 temperatures has a lower limit of about ±2 K.
Published: 2007
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9. Geophysical validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data

Author: M. De Mazière, T. E. Kerzenmacher, W. J. Reburn, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, C. Piccolo, Yasjka Meijer, Michel Pirre, S. Mikuteit, Valéry Catoire, Gerald Wetzel, Ugo Cortesi, Corinne Vigouroux, C. Keim, Giovanni Bianchini, Kenneth W. Jucks, Costas A. Varotsos, Yehan Liu, Elisa Castelli, Stephen W. Wood, Nicholas B. Jones, C. de Clercq, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Piera Raspollini, I. S. McDermid, Hermann Oelhaf, John Remedios, A. Taddei, H. Kuellmann, Marco Iarlori, T. Steck, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Thomas Blumenstock, Kelly Chance, Dan Smale, Gianluca Redaelli, F. Mencaraglia, Astrid Bracher, Alison Waterfall, Harjinder Sembhi, P. Demoulin, Fabrizio Ravegnani, G. Y. Liu, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing [Bremen] (IUP/IFE), University of Bremen, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Wollongong [Australia], University of Toronto, CETEMPS, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), University of Leicester, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, Universität Bremen, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima ( ISAC ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( CfA ), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] ( UNIVAQ.IT ), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] ( IAP ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] ( RIVM ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ), National Institute for Water and Air Research Ltd., National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Collocation (remote sensing), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Troposphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Data assimilation, Atmospheric composition and structure, Ozone, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Stratosphere, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QC1-999, Trace gas, Depth sounding, Earth sciences, Lidar, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), on-board the European ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT) launched on 1 March 2002, is a middle infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer measuring the atmospheric emission spectrum in limb sounding geometry. The instrument is capable to retrieve the vertical distribution of temperature and trace gases, aiming at the study of climate and atmospheric chemistry and dynamics, and at applications to data assimilation and weather forecasting. MIPAS operated in its standard observation mode for approximately two years, from July 2002 to March 2004, with scans performed at nominal spectral resolution of 0.025 cm−1 and covering the altitude range from the mesosphere to the upper troposphere with relatively high vertical resolution (about 3 km in the stratosphere). Only reduced spectral resolution measurements have been performed subsequently. MIPAS data were re-processed by ESA using updated versions of the Instrument Processing Facility (IPF v4.61 and v4.62) and provided a complete set of level-2 operational products (geo-located vertical profiles of temperature and volume mixing ratio of H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2) with quasi continuous and global coverage in the period of MIPAS full spectral resolution mission. In this paper, we report a detailed description of the validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data, that was based on the comparison between MIPAS v4.61 (and, to a lesser extent, v4.62) O3 VMR profiles and a comprehensive set of correlative data, including observations from ozone sondes, ground-based lidar, FTIR and microwave radiometers, remote-sensing and in situ instruments on-board stratospheric aircraft and balloons, concurrent satellite sensors and ozone fields assimilated by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting. A coordinated effort was carried out, using common criteria for the selection of individual validation data sets, and similar methods for the comparisons. This enabled merging the individual results from a variety of independent reference measurements of proven quality (i.e. well characterized error budget) into an overall evaluation of MIPAS O3 data quality, having both statistical strength and the widest spatial and temporal coverage. Collocated measurements from ozone sondes and ground-based lidar and microwave radiometers of the Network for the Detection Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) were selected to carry out comparisons with time series of MIPAS O3 partial columns and to identify groups of stations and time periods with a uniform pattern of ozone differences, that were subsequently used for a vertically resolved statistical analysis. The results of the comparison are classified according to synoptic and regional systems and to altitude intervals, showing a generally good agreement within the comparison error bars in the upper and middle stratosphere. Significant differences emerge in the lower stratosphere and are only partly explained by the larger contributions of horizontal and vertical smoothing differences and of collocation errors to the total uncertainty. Further results obtained from a purely statistical analysis of the same data set from NDACC ground-based lidar stations, as well as from additional ozone soundings at middle latitudes and from NDACC ground-based FTIR measurements, confirm the validity of MIPAS O3 profiles down to the lower stratosphere, with evidence of larger discrepancies at the lowest altitudes. The validation against O3 VMR profiles using collocated observations performed by other satellite sensors (SAGE II, POAM III, ODIN-SMR, ACE-FTS, HALOE, GOME) and ECMWF assimilated ozone fields leads to consistent results, that are to a great extent compatible with those obtained from the comparison with ground-based measurements. Excellent agreement in the full vertical range of the comparison is shown with respect to collocated ozone data from stratospheric aircraft and balloon instruments, that was mostly obtained in very good spatial and temporal coincidence with MIPAS scans. This might suggest that the larger differences observed in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere with respect to collocated ground-based and satellite O3 data are only partly due to a degradation of MIPAS data quality. They should be rather largely ascribed to the natural variability of these altitude regions and to other components of the comparison errors. By combining the results of this large number of validation data sets we derived a general assessment of MIPAS v4.61 and v4.62 ozone data quality. A clear indication of the validity of MIPAS O3 vertical profiles is obtained for most of the stratosphere, where the mean relative difference with the individual correlative data sets is always lower than ±10%. Furthermore, these differences always fall within the combined systematic error (from 1 hPa to 50 hPa) and the standard deviation is fully consistent with the random error of the comparison (from 1 hPa to ~30–40 hPa). A degradation in the quality of the agreement is generally observed in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, with biases up to 25% at 100 hPa and standard deviation of the global mean differences up to three times larger than the combined random error in the range 50–100 hPa. The larger differences observed at the bottom end of MIPAS retrieved profiles can be associated, as already noticed, to the effects of stronger atmospheric gradients in the UTLS that are perceived differently by the various measurement techniques. However, further components that may degrade the results of the comparison at lower altitudes can be identified as potentially including cloud contamination, which is likely not to have been fully filtered using the current settings of the MIPAS cloud detection algorithm, and in the linear approximation of the forward model that was used for the a priori estimate of systematic error components. The latter, when affecting systematic contributions with a random variability over the spatial and temporal scales of global averages, might result in an underestimation of the random error of the comparison and add up to other error sources, such as the possible underestimates of the p and T error propagation based on the assumption of a 1 K and 2% uncertainties, respectively, on MIPAS temperature and pressure retrievals. At pressure lower than 1 hPa, only a small fraction of the selected validation data set provides correlative ozone data of adequate quality and it is difficult to derive quantitative conclusions about the performance of MIPAS O3 retrieval for the topmost layers.
Published: 2007
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10. Spectroscopic and lasing properties of Er3+-doped glass microspheres

Author: Laura Ghisa, S. Sebastiani, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Yannick Dumeige, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, G. Nunzi Conti, Patrice Féron, Maurizio Ferrari, Simone Berneschi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie ( IFN ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica ( DEIS ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Optical fiber, Luminescence, Optical spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, Laser pumping, Time resolved measurements, 01 natural sciences, Phosphate glass, law.invention, Phosphates, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Rare-earths in glasses, Materials Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], PACS: 42.55.Sa, 42.70.Ce, 78.55.Qr, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Lasers, Silicates, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, laser, 3. Good health, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Glass microsphere, Ceramics and Composites, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: session "Photo-Induced Processes"; International audience; We report experimental results on the characterization of microspherical cavities fabricated in Er3+-doped modified-silica and phosphate glasses. The spectroscopic properties of the bulk precursor glasses as compared to the obtained microspheres were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy and lifetime measurement for the 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions. In both types of glasses we demonstrate whispering gallery mode laser action at various wavelengths around 1550 nm by using a 1480 nm pump laser coupled through a tapered fiber.
Published: 2006
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11. MIPAS Level 2 operational analysis

Author: C. Belotti, Marco Ridolfi, Bruno Carli, Manuel López-Puertas, C. Piccolo, Anu Dudhia, Simone Ceccherini, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Reinhold Spang, Michael Höpfner, Vivienne H. Payne, Bernd Funke, Jean-Marie Flaud, Massimo Carlotti, John Remedios, Piera Raspollini, A. Burgess, P.Raspollini, C.Belotti, A.Burge, B.Carli, M.Carlotti, S.Ceccherini, B.M.Dinelli, A.Dudhia, J.-M.Flaud, B.Funke, M.Höpfner, M.Lopez-Puerta, V.Payne, C.Piccolo, J.J.Remedio, M.Ridolfi, R.Spang, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Earth Observation Science, EGU, Publication, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Istituto di Scienza dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Earth Observation Science Group [Leicester] (EOS), Space Research Centre [Leicester], and University of Leicester-University of Leicester
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Opacity, Meteorology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extrapolation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Code (cryptography), Radiative transfer, Range (statistics), ddc:550, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Retrieval, Atmospheric composition, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Michelson interferometer, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, Environmental science, Satellite, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: International audience; The MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) instrument has been operating on-board the ENVISAT satellite since March 2002. In the first two years, it acquired in a nearly continuous manner high resolution (0.025 cm-1 unapodized) emission spectra of the Earth's atmosphere at limb in the middle infrared region. This paper describes the level 2 near real-time (NRT) and off-line (OL) ESA processors that have been used to derive level 2 geophysical products from the calibrated and geolocated level 1b spectra. The design of the code and the analysis methodology have been driven by the requirements for NRT processing. This paper reviews the performance of the optimized retrieval strategy that has been implemented to achieve these requirements and provides estimated error budgets for the target products: pressure, temperature, O3, H2O, CH4, HNO3, N2O and NO2, in the altitude measurement range from 6 to 68 km. From application to real MIPAS data, it was found that no change was needed in the developed code although an external algorithm was introduced to identify clouds with high opacity and to exclude affected spectra from the analysis. In addition, a number of updates were made to the set-up parameters and to auxiliary data. In particular, a new version of the MIPAS dedicated spectroscopic database was used and, in the OL analysis, the retrieval range was extended to reduce errors due to uncertainties in extrapolation of the profile outside the retrieval range and more stringent convergence criteria were implemented. A statistical analysis on the ?2 values obtained in one year of measurements shows good agreement with the a priori estimate of the forward model errors. On the basis of the first two years of MIPAS measurements the estimates of the forward model and instrument errors are in general found to be conservative with excellent performance demonstrated for frequency calibration. It is noted that the total retrieval error is limited by forward model errors which make effectless a further reduction of random errors. However, such a reduction is within the capabilities of MIPAS measurements, which contain many more spectral signatures of the target species than what has currently been used. Further work is needed to reduce the amplitude of the forward model errors, so that the random error and the total error budget can be reduced accordingly. The importance of the Averaging kernels for a full characterization of the target products is underlined and the equations are provided for their practical applications.
Published: 2006
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12. Non-resonant secular dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects perturbed by a distant super-Earth

Author: Melaine Saillenfest, Giacomo Tommei, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Marc Fouchard, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Trans-Neptunian object (TNO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Argument of periapsis, FOS: Physical sciences, Perturbation (astronomy), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Secular model, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Trans-Neptunian object, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Poincaré map, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Super-Earth, Secular model · Trans-Neptunian object (TNO) · Poincaré section, Applied Mathematics, Apsidal precession, Poincaré section, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Kozai mechanism, Computational Mathematics, Space and Planetary Science, Modeling and Simulation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We use a secular model to describe the non-resonant dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects in the presence of an external ten-earth-mass perturber. The secular dynamics is analogous to an "eccentric Kozai mechanism" but with both an inner component (the four giant planets) and an outer one (the eccentric distant perturber). By the means of Poincar�� sections, the cases of a non-inclined or inclined outer planet are successively studied, making the connection with previous works. In the inclined case, the problem is reduced to two degrees of freedom by assuming a non-precessing argument of perihelion for the perturbing body. The size of the perturbation is typically ruled by the semi-major axis of the small body: we show that the classic integrable picture is still valid below about 70 AU, but it is progressively destroyed when we get closer to the external perturber. In particular, for a>150 AU, large-amplitude orbital flips become possible, and for a>200 AU, the Kozai libration islands are totally submerged by the chaotic sea. Numerous resonance relations are highlighted. The most large and persistent ones are associated to apsidal alignments or anti-alignments with the orbit of the distant perturber., 34 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2017
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13. FORUM: unique far-infrared satellite observations to better understand how Earth radiates energy to space

Author: Daniel Feldman, Claude Camy-Peyret, Quentin Libois, S. Del Bianco, Luca Palchetti, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Helen Brindley, Martin Riese, Bruno Carli, Laurent C.-Labonnote, Ugo Cortesi, M. Ridolfi, Roger Saunders, Hilke Oetjen, Tiziano Maestri, Carmine Serio, J. E. Murray, Stefan A. Buehler, G. Di Natale, Xianglei Huang, M. G. Mlynczak, Richard Bantges, Jacqueline E. Russell, National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), National Research Council - Florence, Italy, NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universität Hamburg (UHH), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Earth Science Division [LBNL Berkeley] (ESD), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, UK METOFFICE EXETER GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Scuola di Ingegneria [Potenza], Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), European Space Agency / Estec, Palchetti, L., Brindley, H., Bantges, R., Buehler, S. A., Camy-Peyret, C., Carli, B., Cortesi, U., Del Bianco, S., Di Natale, G., Dinelli, B. M., Feldman, D., Huang, X. L., C.-Labonnote, L., Libois, Q., Maestri, T., Mlynczak, M. G., Murray, J. E., Oetjen, H., Ridolfi, M., Riese, M., Russell, J., Saunders, R., Serio, C., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Space (mathematics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Far infrared, 13. Climate action, FORUM, far infrared, ESA Earth explorer, water vapour, cirrus clouds, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Environmental science, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Satellite, Earth (chemistry), 0401 Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Explorer9, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, FarInfrared, Energy (signal processing), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) emitted to space is a fundamental component of the Earth’s energy budget. There are numerous, entangled physical processes that contribute to OLR and that are responsible for driving, and responding to, climate change. Spectrally resolved observations can disentangle these processes, but technical limitations have precluded accurate space-based spectral measurements covering the far infrared (FIR) from 100 to 667 cm−1 (wavelengths between 15 and 100 µm). The Earth’s FIR spectrum is thus essentially unmeasured even though at least half of the OLR arises from this spectral range. The region is strongly influenced by upper-tropospheric–lower-stratospheric water vapor, temperature lapse rate, ice cloud distribution, and microphysics, all critical parameters in the climate system that are highly variable and still poorly observed and understood. To cover this uncharted territory in Earth observations, the Far-Infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) mission has recently been selected as ESA’s ninth Earth Explorer mission for launch in 2026. The primary goal of FORUM is to measure, with high absolute accuracy, the FIR component of the spectrally resolved OLR for the first time with high spectral resolution and radiometric accuracy. The mission will provide a benchmark dataset of global observations which will significantly enhance our understanding of key forcing and feedback processes of the Earth’s atmosphere to enable more stringent evaluation of climate models. This paper describes the motivation for the mission, highlighting the scientific advances that are expected from the new measurements.
Published: 2020
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14. SiO2-SnO2 Photonic Glass-Ceramic

Author: Maurizio Ferrari, Barbara Rossi, Paola Dentella, Joaquín Fernández, Damiano Massella, Alessandro Chiasera, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Daniele Zonta, Giancarlo C. Righini, Anna Lukowiak, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, James C. Gates, Gloria Ischia, Lidia Zur, Wilfried Blanc, Shane M. Eaton, Pawel Gluchowski, Simone Berneschi, Rolindes Balda, Andrea Chiappini, Brigitte Boulard, Francesco Prudenzano, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Bilbao, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Politecnico di Bari, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Department of civil, environmental and mechanical engineering [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, photorefractivity, SnO2 nanocrystals, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, transparent glass-ceramics, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, planar waveguides, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Doping, sol-gel technology, erbium sensitizer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Engineering physics, Silicate, chemistry, Nanocrystal, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Trabajo presentado en la 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), celebrada en Angers (Francia), del 9 al 13 de julio de 2019, Since the pioneering work of Tick, Borrelli, Cornelius, and Newhouse on transparent glass ceramics performed in 1995, the research regarding photonic glass-ceramics is growing fast. From the considerable number of published studies, covering a broad spectrum of applications, it appears that reliable fabrication techniques and realization of effective photonic devices are the two crucial pivots for an important advance in this glass photonics area. The important results already obtained in rare earth-activated oxyfluoride, fluoride, and silicate transparent glass ceramics are well known. Regarding silicate-based photonic glass-ceramics the binary system SiO 2 -SnO 2 is really appealing when we look at the two above mentioned objectives.In this communication, a brief review of the state of art, consolidated results and recent advances in erbium doped SnO 2 -SiO 2 transparent glass-ceramics, obtained by sol-gel technology will be presented, and short-term perspectives will be outlined.
Published: 2019
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15. Passive and active whispering gallery mode microresonators in optical engineering

Author: Mario Christian Falconi, Daniele Farnesi, Cosimo Scarnera, Silvia Soria, Virginie Nazabal, Francesco Prudenzano, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Francesco Baldini, Francesco Chiavaioli, Maurizio Ferrari, Andrea Chiappini, Tetsuo Kishi, Dario Laneve, Giuseppe Palma, Politecnico di Bari, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kudryashov A.V.Paxton A.H.Ilchenko V.S., Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Microsphere, Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, Optical engineering, Population, Optical spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Microbubble, 010309 optics, Erbium, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optical chemical sensing, 0103 physical sciences, Micro-disk, Optical biological sensing, Whispering gallery mode, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Stimulated emission, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Dopant, business.industry, chemistry, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: The paper illustrates both review and original simulation results obtained via the modelling of different set-ups based on optical microresonators for applications in optical sensing, lasing and spectroscopy. Passive microbubbles and microspheres coupled via long period fiber gratings (LPGs) and tapered fibers are designed and/or constructed for sensing of biological fluids in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength range. Rare earth doped chalcogenide glass integrated microdisks are designed for active sensing in the medium infrared (MIR) wavelength range. A home-made numerical code modelling the optical coupling and the active behavior via rate equations of ion population is employed for a realistic design, by taking into account the most important active phenomena in rare earths, such as the absorption rates, the stimulated emission rates, the amplified spontaneous emission, the lifetime and branching ratios, the ion-ion energy transfers and the excited state absorption. Optical coupling is obtained by employing ridge waveguides, for micro-disks, and tapered fibers, for microspheres and microbubbles. Different dopant rare earths as Erbium (Er3+) and Praseodymium (Pr3+) are considered.
Published: 2019
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16. Coupling analysis of high Q resonators in add-drop configuration through cavity ringdown spectroscopy

Author: Simone Berneschi, Yannick Dumeige, Ayda Aray, Silvia Soria, Francesco Baldini, Stefano Pelli, Andrea Barucci, Mariagiovanna Gianfreda, Daniele Farnesi, Patrice Feron, Mojtaba Arjmand, G. Nunzi Conti, Gabriele Frigenti, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), LENS, Universita' di Firenze, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Optics and Laser Sciences & Technology Research Center, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 2014.0770A2202.8861, Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze, FP7 - 611682, FP7 Health, All optical morphogenesis of nanost, CNR-CONACYT, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Photon, Physics::Optics, Elementary particle, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Resonator, whispering gallery mode resonators, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, cavity ringdown spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, fiber optics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Drop (liquid), optical resonators, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, microcavities, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Massless particle, Wavelength, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; An original method able to fully characterize high-Q resonators in an add-drop configuration has been implemented. The method is based on the study of two cavity ringdown (CRD) signals, which are produced at the transmission and drop ports by wavelength sweeping a resonance in a time interval comparable with the photon cavity lifetime. All the resonator parameters can be assessed with a single set of simultaneous measurements. We first developed a model describing the two CRD output signals and a fitting program able to deduce the key parameters from the measured profiles. We successfully validated the model with an experiment based on a fiber ring resonator of known characteristics. Finally, we characterized a high-Q, home-made, MgF2 whispering gallery mode disk resonator in the add-drop configuration, assessing its intrinsic and coupling parameters.
Published: 2018
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17. Photonic band edge assisted spontaneous emission enhancement from all Er3+1-D photonic band gap structure

Author: Sreeramulu Valligatla, Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Cesare Meroni, G. C. Righini, L. Zur, Yann G. Boucher, Anna Lukowiak, Stefano Varas, Francesco Scotognella, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden (IFW Dresden), Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, and Enrico Fermi Center
Subjects: 1-D dielectric photonic band gap structure, Titania, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Erbium, rf-sputtering, Silica, Spectroscopic features, 0103 physical sciences, Spontaneous emission, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Photonic crystal, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 1-D dielectric photonic band gap, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence
Abstract: International audience; All Er3+ doped dielectric 1-D Photonic Band Gap Structure was fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The structure was constituted by of twenty pairs of SiO2/TiO2 alternated layers doped with Er3+ ions. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the morphology of the structure. Transmission measurements put in evidence the stop band in the range 1500 nm–1950 nm. The photoluminescence measurements were obtained by optically exciting the sample and detecting the emitted light in the 1.5 μm region at different detection angles. Luminescence spectra and luminescence decay curves put in evidence that the presence of the stop band modify the emission features of the Er3+ ions.
Published: 2018
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18. Study and application of the resonant secular dynamics beyond Neptune

Author: Marc Fouchard, Giacomo Tommei, Melaine Saillenfest, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Solar System, Resonant secular model, Transneptunian object (TNO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-perihelion TNOs, Mean-motion resonance, Secular model, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Parameter space, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Orbital elements, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Applied Mathematics, Resonance, Computational Mathematics, 13. Climate action, Modeling and Simulation, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We use a secular representation to describe the long-term dynamics of transneptunian objects in mean-motion resonance with Neptune. The model applied is thoroughly described in Saillenfest et al. (2016). The parameter space is systematically explored, showing that the secular trajectories depend little on the resonance order. High-amplitude oscillations of the perihelion distance are reported and localised in the space of the orbital parameters. In particular, we show that a large perihelion distance is not a sufficient criterion to declare that an object is detached from the planets. Such a mechanism, though, is found unable to explain the orbits of Sedna or 2012VP113, which are insufficiently inclined (considering their high perihelion distance) to be possibly driven by such a resonant dynamics. The secular representation highlights the existence of a high-perihelion accumulation zone due to resonances of type 1:k with Neptune. That region is found to be located roughly at semi-major axes in [100;300] AU, perihelion distances in [50;70] AU and inclinations [30;50]{\deg}. In addition to the flux of objects directly coming from the Scattered Disc, numerical simulations show that the Oort Cloud is also a substantial source for such objects. Naturally, as that mechanism relies on fragile captures in high-order resonances, our conclusions break down in the case of a significant external perturber. The detection of such a reservoir could thus be an observational constraint to probe the external Solar System., Comment: 32 pages, 22 figures, Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, online first (2016)
Published: 2016
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19. Long-term dynamics beyond Neptune: secular models to study the regular motions

Author: Giacomo Tommei, Marc Fouchard, Melaine Saillenfest, Giovanni B. Valsecchi, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Solar System, Transneptunian object (TNO), Resonant secular model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Integrable system, Lidov–Kozai mechanism, Motion (geometry), FOS: Physical sciences, Lidov-Kozai mechanism, 01 natural sciences, Secular model, Mean-motion resonance, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, Secular model, Lidov–Kozai mechanism, Mean-motion resonance, Transneptunian object (TNO), High-perihelion TNOs, Resonant secular model, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Applied Mathematics, Excursion, High-perihelion TNOs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, Term (time), Computational Mathematics, Classical mechanics, Space and Planetary Science, Modeling and Simulation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Two semi-analytical one-degree-of-freedom secular models are presented for the motion of small bodies beyond Neptune. A special attention is given to trajectories entirely exterior to the planetary orbits. The first one is the well-known non-resonant model of Kozai (1962) adapted to the transneptunian region. Contrary to previous papers, the dynamics is fully characterized with respect to the fixed parameters. A maximum perihelion excursion possible of 16.4 AU is determined. The second model handles the occurrence of a mean-motion resonance with one of the planets. In that case, the one-degree-of-freedom integrable approximation is obtained by postulating the adiabatic invariance, and is much more general and accurate than previous secular models found in the literature. It brings out in a plain way the possibility of perihelion oscillations with a very high amplitude. Such a model could thus be used in future studies to deeper explore that kind of motion. For complex resonant orbits (especially of type 1:k), a segmented secular description is necessary since the trajectories are only "integrable by parts". The two models are applied to the Solar System but the notations are kept general so that it could be used for any quasi-circular and coplanar planetary system., Comment: 38 pages, 17 figures
Published: 2016
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20. Photoluminescence and lasing in whispering gallery mode glass microspherical resonators

Author: Patrice Feron, Simone Berneschi, Yannick Dumeige, Silvia Soria, Cosimo Trono, Anna Lukowiak, Mariano Ferrari, A. Chiappini, Daniele Farnesi, Giancarlo C. Righini, M. Camerini, G. Nunzi Conti, Alessandro Chiasera, Davor Ristić, Stefano Pelli, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES, shyro, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Fabrication, Biophysics, 02 engineering and technology, Sol–gel, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, law.invention, 010309 optics, Microspherical lasers, Optics, law, Erbium doped glass, 0103 physical sciences, sol-gel, silica-hafnia, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Silica–hafnia, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Glass microsphere, Whispering gallery modes, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, whispering gallery modes, microspherical lasers, sol–gel, silica–hafnia, Lasing threshold, Tunable laser
Abstract: International audience; We report experimental results regarding the development of Er3+-doped glass microspherical cavities for the fabrication of compact sources at 1.55 μm. We investigate several different approaches in order to fabricate the microspheres including direct melting of Er3+-doped glass powders, synthesis of Er3+-doped monolithic microspheres by drawing Er3+-doped glass, and coating of silica microspheres with an Er3+-doped sol–gel layer. Details of the different fabrication processes are presented together with the photoluminescence characterization in free space configuration of the microspheres and of the glass precursor. We have analyzed the photoluminescence spectra of the whispering gallery modes of the microspheres excited using evanescent coupling and we demonstrate tunable laser action in a wide range of wavelengths around 1.55 μm. As much as 90 μW of laser output power was measured in Er3+-doped glass microspheres.
Published: 2016
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21. Geophysical validation of temperature retrieved by the ESA processor from MIPAS/ENVISAT atmospheric limb-emission measurements

Author: Jean-Christopher Lambert, Hermann Oelhaf, T. von Clarmann, Alison Waterfall, Claude Robert, Felix Friedl-Vallon, C. de Clercq, Philippe Keckhut, Valéry Catoire, Gerald Wetzel, Yasjka Meijer, Michel Pirre, Brian Kerridge, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Lucia Mona, K. H. Fricke, Marco Iarlori, D. P. J. Swart, Marco Ridolfi, U. Blum, Simone Ceccherini, Bruno Carli, Hans Claude, Vincenzo Rizi, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis (Fraunhofer INT), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Physikalisches Institut [Bonn], Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Dipartimento di Fisica [L'Aquila], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Potenza] (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centre of Excellence CETEMPS, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Universität Bern [Bern], M. Ridolfi, U. Blum, B. Carli, V. Catoire, S. Ceccherini, H. Claude, C. De Clercq, K. H. Fricke, F. Friedl-Vallon, M. Iarlori, P. Keckhut, B. Kerridge, J.-C. Lambert, Y. J. Meijer, L. Mona, H. Oelhaf, G. Pappalardo, M. Pirre, V. Rizi, C. Robert, D. Swart, T. von Clarmann, A. Waterfall, G. Wetzel, and Publica
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, law.invention, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Propagation of uncertainty, Michelson interferometer, Inversion (meteorology), Geophysics, lcsh:QC1-999, Full width at half maximum, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Radiosonde, Environmental science, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) has been operating since March 2002 onboard of the ENVIronmental SATellite of the European Space Agency (ESA). The high resolution (0.035 cm−1 full width half maximum, unapodized) limb-emission measurements acquired by MIPAS in the first two years of operation have very good geographical and temporal coverage and have been re-processed by ESA with the most recent versions (4.61 and 4.62) of the inversion algorithms. The products of this processing chain are pressures at the tangent points and geolocated profiles of temperature and of the volume mixing ratios of six key atmospheric constituents: H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2. As for all the measurements made with innovative instruments and techniques, this data set requires a thorough validation. In this paper we present a geophysical validation of the temperature profiles derived from MIPAS measurements by the ESA retrieval algorithm. The validation is carried-out by comparing MIPAS temperature with correlative measurements made by radiosondes, lidars, in-situ and remote sensors operated either from the ground or stratospheric balloons. The results of the intercomparison indicate that the bias of the MIPAS profiles is generally smaller than 1 or 2 K depending on altitude. Furthermore we find that, especially at the edges of the altitude range covered by the MIPAS scan, the random error estimated from the intercomparison is larger (typically by a factor of two to three) than the corresponding estimate derived on the basis of error propagation. In this work we also characterize the discrepancies between MIPAS temperature and the temperature fields resulting from the analyses of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The bias and the standard deviation of these discrepancies are consistent with those obtained when comparing MIPAS to correlative measurements; however, in this case the detected bias has a peculiar behavior as a function of altitude. This behavior is very similar to that observed in previous studies and is suspected to be due to vertical oscillations in the ECMWF temperature. The current understanding is that, at least in the upper stratosphere (above ≈10 hPa), these oscillations are caused by a discrepancy between model biases and biases of assimilated radiances from primarily nadir sounders.
Published: 2007
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22. Integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers based on erbium-doped oxide glasses

Author: Adolfo Speghini, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, Marco Bettinelli, Maurizio Montagna, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, L. Zampedri, Patrice Féron, Cristina Siligardi, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Carole Arnaud, G. Nunzi Conti, Herve Portales, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico (DST), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e dell'Ambiente (DIMA), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, University of Verona (UNIVR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), and Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)
Subjects: Nonlinear optics, Materials science, Fabrication, Photoluminescence, Optical fiber, Coupled modes theory, Erbium doped glasses, Er3+-doped glass, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, silica glass, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, optical amplifier, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Micro-resonator, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], optical amplifiers, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, PACS: 42.70.Ce, 42.82.Et, 78.66.Jg, 82.65.F, Integrated optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Er doped glass, chemistry, microsphere, Bistability, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: published in " Optical Materials ", special issue " Selected Papers of the Second International Workshop on Photonic and Electronic Materials ", topic " Photonic materials "; International audience; Er3+ -doped glasses have been a subject of great interest in the recent years for their application in the areas of guided wave optical amplifiers and lasers. Oxide-glass matrices, in particular, offer the advantage of relatively simple fabrication processes--both for bulk glasses and optical fibers--and have demonstrated quite good properties in the 1.5 µm wavelength band. Here we present some results we have obtained in the development of different silica-based glasses and in their application to the production of integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers. As to the former application, two classes of silica glasses have been produced and investigated, namely a melted soda-lime-alumino-silicate glass and a sol-gel silica-hafnia glass. Both of them exhibit a wide emission bandwidth and seem quite promising for broadband optical amplifiers. We also demonstrated low-threshold microlasers, based on whispering gallery mode spherical resonators, fabricated in different oxide glasses.
Published: 2005
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23. The Geostationary Fourier Imaging Spectrometer (GeoFIS) as part of the Geostationary Tropospheric Pollution Explorer (GeoTroPE) mission: objectives and capabilities

Author: Marco Ridolfi, J. M. Flaud, Luca Palchetti, Massimo Carlotti, Heinrich Bovensmann, T. v. Clarmann, Herbert Fischer, T. Steck, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Gilles Bergametti, C. Deniel, John P. Burrows, Johannes Orphal, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), J.-M. FLAUD, J. ORPHAL, G. BERGAMETTI, C. DENIEL, TH. VON CLARMANN, F. FRIEDL-VALLON, T. STECK, H. FISCHER, H. BOVENSMANN, J. P. BURROWS, CARLOTTI M., M. RIDOLFI, and L. PALCHETTI
Subjects: Pollution, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, media_common.quotation_subject, Aerospace Engineering, Fourier imaging, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Troposphere, remote sensing, spettroscopia di Fourier, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal infrared, Geostationary orbit, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, composizione dell'atmosfera, Spectrometer, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GeoFIS, GeoTROPE mission, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Tropospheric pollution, cambiamenti climatici
Abstract: International audience; Paris 7-Paris 12, CNRS UMR7583, 61 av. du G en eral de Gaulle, Abstract The Geostationary Fourier Imaging Spectrometer (GeoFIS) is proposed as part of the European Geostationary Tropospheric Pollution Explorer (GeoTroPE) mission. For this mission, two instruments are considered: one covering the thermal infrared region (GeoFIS) and one covering the ultraviolet-visible and near-infrared regions (GeoSCIA). The geostationary orbit (GEO) provides indeed a unique opportunity of monitoring tropospheric pollution and photochemistry on the regional and continental scales. In this paper, the scientific goals and requirements of GeoFIS are described.
Published: 2004
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24. Coated spherical microresonators for cutting-edge photonics application

Author: Alphonse Rasoloniaina, Maurizio Mazzola, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Maurizio Ferrari, Davor Ristić, Mile Ivanda, Andrea Chiappini, Gilles Cibiel, Patrice Feron, Roberta Ramponi, CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CSMFO group, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES R&T projet SHYRO, Petar Biljanovic, SHYRO, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Edge (geometry), engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Resonator, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, sol-gel, Thin film, Mode volume, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, coating, Optically active, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, microresonators, laser, WGM, engineering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Layer (electronics)
Abstract: Coated Spherical Microresonators; International audience; We present some results regarding the coating of spherical microresonators and their different applications in photonics. The spherical microresonators high Q-factor and low mode volume make them perfect for a number of photonics applications. A thin film coating on the surface of the resonator using an optically active or passive layer can be used to modify signifactly the optical properties of the resonator. We have succesfully coated the microresonators with a sol-gel derived coating and have studied the effect of the coating on different optical and spectroscopical properties of the microresonator.
Published: 2014
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25. Whispering gallery mode profiles in a coated microsphere

Author: Andrea Chiappini, Daniele Farnesi, Mile Ivanda, Patrice Feron, Maurizio Mazzola, Davor Ristić, Giancarlo C. Righini, Gilles Cibiel, Maurizio Ferrari, Gualtiero Nunzi-Conti, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES R&T projet SHYRO, SHYRO, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Télécom Bretagne, and Centro Enrico Fermi
Subjects: Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, Optics, Coating, law, 0103 physical sciences, luminescence, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], refractive index, High-refractive-index polymer, business.industry, Optical Cavity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, modal profiles, Core (optical fiber), mode profiles, sol gel coating, Optical cavity, Whispering gallery modes, engineering, optical microresonators, sensing, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: International audience; The properties of whispering gallery modes (WGM) of a microsphere can be tailored by coating the resonator with a thin ﬁlm. If the coating has a higher refractive index than the microsphere core, the resulting structure will have a conﬁguration which has similarities both with a classical WGM resonator and with a planar waveguide. By choosing the ﬁlm thickness and refractive index we can tailor the degree of conﬁnement of the WGMs inside the sphere core, coating and surrounding medium, which will in turn inﬂuence the WGMs contact with its surroundings. We present a study of the eﬀect of the coating on the WGM mode proﬁles in particular of a silicon coating on a silica sphere.
Published: 2014
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26. Dynamics and Thermodynamics beyond the critical point

Author: Federico A. Gorelli, Taras Bryk, Michael Krisch, Mario Santoro, Tullio Scopigno, Giancarlo Ruocco, European Lab Non Linear Spect, LENS, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy, UOS Roma, IPCF CNR, I-00185 Rome, Italy, National Polytechnic University of Lviv (LPNU), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, UA-79011 Lvov, Ukraine, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Computer science, Crossover, Thermodynamics, Observable, 02 engineering and technology, Acoustic wave, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Frenkel line, 01 natural sciences, Supercritical fluid, Article, Critical point (thermodynamics), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Phase diagram
Abstract: International audience; Sudden changes in the dynamical properties of a supercritical fluid model have been found as a function of pressure and temperature (T/Tc52-5 and P/Pc510-103), striving with the notion of a single phase beyond the critical point established by thermodynamics. The sound propagation in the Terahertz frequency region reveals a sharp dynamic crossover between the gas like and the liquid like regimes along several isotherms, which involves, at sufficiently low densities, the interplay between purely acoustic waves and heat waves. Such a crossover allows one to determine a dynamic line in the phase diagram which exhibits a very tight correlation with a number of thermodynamic observables, showing that the supercritical state is remarkably more complex than thought so far
Published: 2013
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27. Simultaneous measurement of gravity acceleration and gravity gradient with an atom interferometer

Author: Yu-Hung Lien, G. Rosi, Guglielmo M. Tino, Marco Prevedelli, Andrea Bertoldi, M. de Angelis, Fiodor Sorrentino, Q. Bodart, Luigi Cacciapuoti, Dipartimento di Fisica and LENS, Università di Firenze-INFN, LENS, INFN, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INFN (MAGIA experiment), ESA (SAI project Contract No. 20578/07/NL/VJ), ESF (Euroquasar program), European Project: 250072,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2009-C,ISENSE(2010), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia [Firenze], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), F. Sorrentino, A. Bertoldi, Q. Bodart, L. Cacciapuoti, M. de Angeli, Y. H. Lien, M. Prevedelli, G. Rosi, and G. Tino
Subjects: Physics, Atom interferometer, Gravity (chemistry), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Gravimeter/Gradiometer, Gravimeter, Mechanics, Seismic noise, Gravitational acceleration, 01 natural sciences, Computational physics, Atom Interferometry, 010309 optics, Gravitation, Acceleration, High Energy Physics::Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, GRAVITY, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomical interferometer, 010306 general physics, ATOMIC INTERFEROMETRY
Abstract: International audience; We demonstrate a method to measure the gravitational acceleration with a dual cloud atom interferometer; the use of simultaneous atom interferometers reduces the effect of seismic noise on the gravity measurement. At the same time, the apparatus is capable of accurate measurements of the vertical gravity gradient. The ability to determine the gravity acceleration and gravity gradient simultaneously and with the same instrument opens interesting perspectives in geophysical applications.
Published: 2012
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28. Characterization technique of optical whispering gallery mode resonators in the microwave frequency domain for optoelectronic oscillators

Author: Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Simone Berneschi, Olivier Llopis, Franco Cosi, Pierre-Henri Merrer, Khaldoun Saleh, Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Materials science, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Opto-electronic oscillator, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, Laser linewidth, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Phase noise, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Engineering (miscellaneous), business.industry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 230.5750, 230.4910, 350.4010, Q factor, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Microwave
Abstract: International audience; Optical Q factor measurements are performed on a whispering gallery mode (WGM) disk resonator using a microwave frequency domain approach instead of using an optical domain approach. An absence of hysteretic behavior and a better linearity are obtained when performing linewidth measurements by using a microwave modulation for scanning the resonances instead of the piezoelectric-based frequency tuning capability of the laser. The WGM resonator is then used to stabilize a microwave optoelectronic oscillator. The microwave output of this system generates a 12.48 GHz signal with −94 dBc ∕ Hz phase noise at 10 kHz offset.
Published: 2012
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29. Rare-earth-activated glasses for solar energy conversion

Author: Giancarlo C. Righini, Brigitte Boulard, Simone Berneschi, Enrico Moser, Maurizio Ferrari, Davor Ristić, Belto Dieudonné, Mile Ivanda, Stefano Varas, C. Duverger, André Monteil, Guillaume Alombert Goget, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro di Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi', and Roma
Subjects: Ytterbium, fluoride glasses, rare-earth-activated glasses, Ceramics, optical glass, glass ceramic planar waveguides, 02 engineering and technology, optical fabrication, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Rare earth, solar energy concentrators, Silica-Hafnia, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010302 applied physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], optical planar waveguides, terbium, down-conversion process, fluoride glass, SiO2-HfO2:Tb, ytterbium, aluminium compounds, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, praseodymium, molar composition, Atomic physics, ZrF4-LaF3-AlF3-GaF3:Pr, 0210 nano-technology, light concentrators, Solar cells, hafnium compounds, Materials science, Praseodymium, photovoltaic cells, chemistry.chemical_element, Terbium, sol-gel process, Ion, Quantum cutting, solar energy conversion, 0103 physical sciences, lanthanum compounds, Sol-gel, Ions, energy transfer, Glass-ceramic, glass ceramics, sol-gel processing, Glass-ceramic waveguides, Solar cell efficiency, energy transfer efficiency, Photonics, chemistry, zirconium compounds, Yb, Glass, gallium compounds, Energy exchange, Photovoltaic cells
Abstract: Date du colloque: 06/2011; International audience; The solar cells efficiency may be improved by better exploitation of the solar spectrum, making use of the down-conversion mechanism, where one high energy photon is cut into two low energy photons. The choice of the matrix is a crucial point to obtain an efficient down-conversion process with rare-earth ions. When energy transfer between rare earth ions is used to activate this process, high emission and absorption cross sections as well as low cut-off phonon energy are mandatory. In this paper we present some results concerning 70SiO2-30HfO2 glass ceramic planar waveguides co-activated by Tb3+/Yb3+ ions, fabricated by sol gel route using a top-down approach, and a bulk fluoride glass of molar composition 70ZrF4 23.5LaF3 0.5AlF3 6GaF3 co-activated by Pr3+/Yb3+ ion. Attention is focused on the assessment of the energy transfer efficiency between the two couples of rare earth ions in the different hosts.
Published: 2011
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30. Fabrication and Characterization of Confined Structures for Sensing ans Lasing Applications

Author: Maurizio Ferrari, Alessandro Chiasera, Giancarlo C. Righini, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, G. Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, K. Shadak Alee, Simone Berneschi, D. Narayana Rao, Cristina Armellini, A. Chiappini, Patrice Feron, Sriram Guddala, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Nanostructure, )Confined structures, Nanoparticle, Physics::Optics, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Photonic crystals, 0103 physical sciences, Confined structures, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Metallo-dielectric colloidal crystals, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, symbols, Surface Plasmon resonance, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, Au nanoparticles, Lasing threshold, Raman scattering
Abstract: Huge confinement of light over micro and nano structures is finding various applications in the field of photonics. In this letter the results obtained over two different kinds of confined structures viz., (i) Metallo-Dielectric colloidal structures (MDCS), obtained by immobilization of metallic gold (Au) nanoparticles on the dielectric silica network of inverse silica opal matrix and (ii) Rare-earth activated silica-hafnia film coated silica microresonator is presented in detail. The structural, optical and spectroscopic assessments of these systems are giving an evidence to have applications in the field of sensing and lasing. Preliminary results on MDCS used as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate shows an evidence that an increase of the Raman signal with respect to that observed for other metallic and dielectric structures.
Published: 2010
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31. Rare - earth - doped silicate glass - ceramic thin films for integrated optical devices

Author: Simone Berneschi, Andrea Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Massimo Brenci, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, G. C. Righini, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Maurizio Ferrari, Alessandro Chiasera, Enrico Moser, B.N.S. Bhaktha, Sylvia Turrell, Sriram Guddala, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Laboratoire de physique de la matière condensée (LPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications (CERLA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro di Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi', Roma, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Sol-Gel, Fabrication, Materials science, Mineralogy, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Tin-Silica, Rare Earths, law, 0103 physical sciences, Glass Ceramic, Silica Hafnia, Thin film, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, Amplifier, Doping, Thin Film, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Engineering physics, Characterization (materials science), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The possibility to confine the light in optical planar structures represented the milestone for the development of integrated optical devices in different application areas, such as communications and sensing. In particular, rare-earth (RE) doped planar waveguides demonstrated to be an interesting solution in the realization of integrated optical lasers and amplifiers suitable for the generation/regeneration of the signal in metropolitan and local area networks. Nowadays, although these devices are commercially available, the major contribution of the research consists in discovering and developing better combinations of materials and fabrication processes, in order to reduce the costs and increase the performance of the aforesaid devices. In this context glass-ceramic waveguides, activated by RE ions, seem to fully respond to these requests. The aim of this paper is to offer a comprehensive review on the main results obtained in our Labs in the field of glassceramics. Fabrication and characterization of different silicate glass-ceramic thin films, doped with different percentages of RE ions, will be presented and discussed. The interesting results obtained make these systems quite promising for development of high performance integrated optical amplifiers and lasers.
Published: 2010
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32. Glass-ceramics coating of silica microspheres

Author: Alombert-Goget, G.a, Armellini, C.ab, Berneschi, S.c, Chiasera, A.a, Cosi, F.c, Conti, G.N.c, Féron, P.d, Ferrari, M.a, Lunelli, L.e, Moser, E.af, Pederzolli, C.e, Righini, G.C.c, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: optical properties, Materials science, Photoluminescence, Annealing (metallurgy), chemistry.chemical_element, coatings, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Coating, Erbium, transparent glass-ceramics, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, Composite material, Spectroscopy, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, planar waveguides, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Amorphous solid, erbium, microspheres, chemistry, Nanocrystal, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Sub-conference: 3rd Workshop of European Action COST MP0702 « Towards Functional Sub-Wavelength Photonic Structures », Topic: Plasmonics, Metamaterials, and Non-reciprocity, session Fr2B « COST WG1 » [Fr2B.2 ] http://www.univ-angers.fr/icton/; International audience; Silica spheres with diameters in the order of 100 µm were coated by Er3+-activated silica-hafnia films and then annealed in order to induce formation and growth of nanocrystals. The spectroscopic and morphologic properties of the spheres have been characterized by photoluminescence and atomic force microscopy techniques, respectively. The preliminary information are discussed, taken in account the previous consolidated results obtained in the case of amorphous and glass-ceramic waveguides as well as spherical microresonators coated by amorphous silica-hafnia films.
Published: 2009
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33. Design of erbium doped microsphere lasers

Author: Prudenzano, F.a, Mescia, L.b, Allegretti, L.a, D'Orazio, A.b, De Sario, M.b, Palmisano, T.a, Féron, P.c, Ferrari, M.d, Nunzi Conti, G.e, Righini, G.C.e, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile (DIASS), Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica e Elettronica (DEE), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Ali Serpenguzel, Gonçal Badenes, Giancarlo C. Righini, Collaboration: umr6082, CNR-IFN Trento, CNR-IFAC, DIASS, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Microsphere, Materials science, Optical fiber, rare earth, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Laser, Rare earth, Whispering gallery modes, Applied Mathematics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, 010309 optics, Erbium, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Fiber, whispering gallery modes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Spherical harmonics, Rate equation, laser, chemistry, Whispering-gallery wave, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: conference 7366 « Photonic Materials, Devices, and Applications », session 4A « Photonic Atoms I » [7366-17], http://spie.org/microtechnologies-new-millennium.xml; International audience; The lasing characteristics of an erbium doped silica glass microsphere coupled to a tapered fiber are numerically investigated in the third band of the optical fiber communication. In the model, the electromagnetic field profile of the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) travelling in the microsphere is described by means of spherical Bessel functions for the radial dependence and spherical harmonics for the angular dependence, at both pump and signal wavelengths. Moreover, the microsphere laser operation has been simulated by taking into account the rare earth ion emission, via the rate equations, and the coupling with the tapered fiber. A number of simulations have been performed in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the active microspheres to be employed as distributed micro laser sources or to fabricate active microsensors.
Published: 2009
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34. Photonic properties and applications of glass micro- and nanospheres

Author: Franco Cosi, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Maurizio Ferrari, Silvia Soria, Alessandro Chiasera, Enrico Moser, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Andrea Chiappini, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Core-shell-like structures, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Phosphate glass, 010309 optics, Erbium, PACS: 42.55.Sa, 42.70.Hj, 78.55.Qr, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 82.70.Dd, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, Surfaces and Interfaces, Whispering gallery mode, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Emission quantum efficiency, Quantum efficiency, Micro- and Nano-spheres, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, Lasing threshold
Abstract: Publisher : John Wiley & Sons (ISSN 1862-6300); International audience; Fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of micro- and nano-spheres are reported. Spheres with size ranging from few hundreds of nm to few hundreds of μm have been prepared by different methods, i.e. sol–gel, melting and core-shell techniques. Pure and rare-earth-doped spheres find their major applications as micro-sensors and micro-lasers, respectively. We refer here to Erbium-activated systems only: (i) coated micro spheres where the silica core, obtained by telecom fibre melting, is coated with an Er3+–70SiO2–30HfO2 film; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-spheres obtained from silicate modified glasses and phosphate glasses using a plasma-torch; (iii) sol–gel Er3+-doped silica micro- and nano-spheres. The whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed as a function of sphere diameter, thickness of coating (if any) and Erbium content. Photoluminescence spectra of different systems gave interesting indications on the potential of some activated micro-spheres for lasing applications. For instance, sol–gel Er3+-activated core-shell-like structures exhibited a lifetime of 12.8 ms, leading to a quantum efficiency (QE) of 71%. Even higher QE (~76%) was estimated in sol–gel Er3+- silica spheres.
Published: 2009
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35. Femtosecond laser direct writing of gratings and waveguides in high quantum efficiency erbium-doped Baccarat glass

Author: K. C. Vishnubhatla, S.N.B. Bhaktha, Maurizio Mattarelli, R. Sai Santosh Kumar, S. Venugopal Rao, D. Narayana Rao, A. Chiappini, Maurizio Montagna, Sylvia Turrell, Alessandro Chiasera, Maurizio Ferrari, Giancarlo C. Righini, Roberta Ramponi, Roberto Osellame, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, CSMFO group, Physics Department, Povo-trento, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ARCHEM), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Department of Materials and Devices, CNR, Roma, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: High quantum efficiency, Erbium doped, Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Active waveguides, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), Electromagnetic radiation, law.invention, 010309 optics, Erbium, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Femto-second laser, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Femtosecond, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, Butt coupling, Quantum efficiency, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: The femtosecond laser direct writing technique was employed to inscribe gratings and waveguides in high quantum efficiency erbium-doped Baccarat glass. Using the butt coupling technique, a systematic study of waveguide loss with respect to input pulse energy and writing speed was performed to achieve the best waveguide with low propagation loss (PL). By pumping at 980 nm, we observed signal enhancement in these active waveguides in the telecom spectral region. The refractive index change was smooth and we estimated it to be ~10−3. The high quantum efficiency (~80%) and a best PL of ~0.9 dB cm−1 combined with signal enhancement makes Baccarat glass a potential candidate for application in photonics.
Published: 2009
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36. Modeling of nano- and micro-spheres for sensing applications

Author: Prudenzano, F.a, Mescia, L.b, Allegretti, L.a, De Sario, M.D.b, Di Tommaso, A.b, Palmisano, T.a, Féron, P.c, Chiappini, A.d, Ferrari, M.d, Soria, S.ef, Righini, G.C.f, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile (DIASS), Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica (DEE), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Microsphere, Plasmons, Optical fiber, Materials science, Shell (structure), Nanoparticle, Physics::Optics, Laser, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Nanoshell, Rare earth, Whispering gallery modes (wgms), 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Nano, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Plasmon, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract: Poster Session I [Tu.P.1], http://www.nit.eu/konf/icton/2009/; International audience; The design of both active and passive micro/nano-sphere systems is performed by optimizing their sizes, spatial distribution and the other physical and geometrical parameters. In particular, rare earth doped spherical particles are designed in order to obtain distributed and highly efficient light sources for active sensors. The lasing characteristics of active silica glass microsphere are numerically simulated in the third band of optical fibre communication by means of a home made computer code. Finally, passive and active spherical nanoparticles, covered by a thin metallic shell, surrounded by different dielectric materials and arranged in different lattices are optimized for sensing applications.
Published: 2009
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37. Highly photorefractive Eu3+ activated sol-gel SiO2 – SnO2 thin film waveguides

Author: Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Massimo Brenci, Sylvia Turrell, Ilaria Cacciari, G. C. Righini, Christophe Kinowski, G. Nunzi Conti, Stefano Pelli, A. Chiappini, Cosimo Trono, Simone Berneschi, S. N. B. Bhaktha, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Laboratoire de physique de la matière condensée (LPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CBS Lab, Sesto Fiorentini - Florence, and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Materials science, photorefractivity, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, optical waveguides, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), Optics, Europium, 0103 physical sciences, tin-oxide, Thin film, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Nonlinear optics, Silicate, Photorefractive effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Optical Gratings, Amorphous solid, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: We report on the photorefractive properties of tin-silica slab waveguides, deposited on vitreous-SiO2 by means of sol-gel dip-coating technique. The basic composition of these amorphous binary systems is 75 SiO2 - 25 SnO2 mol% with 1 mol% of Eu3+ ions. Europium was chosen as an optical probe of the glass structure. These guiding structures exhibit low propagation losses (around 0.5 dB/cm at 633 nm) and a high refractive index modulation, as large as - 1.5 × 10-3 under the UV irradiation of a KrF excimer laser source at ? = 248 nm, suitable for writing waveguide gratings. © 2010 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Published: 2009
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38. Validation of version-4.61 methane and nitrous oxide observed by MIPAS

Author: Payan, Camy-Peyret, Oelhaf, Wetzel, Maucher, Keim, Pirre, Huret, Engel, Volk, M. C., Kuellmann, Kuttippurath, Cortesi, Bianchini, Mencaraglia, Raspollini, Redaelli, Vigouroux, De Mazière, Mikuteit, Blumenstock, Velazco, Notholt, Mahieu, Duchatelet, Smale, Wood, Jones, Piccolo, Payne, Bracher, Glatthor, Stiller, Grunow, Jeseck, Butz, Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique (LPMAA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt [Frankfurt/Main] (IAU), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing [Bremen] (IUP/IFE), University of Bremen, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica [L'Aquila], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] (UNIVAQ.IT), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), University of Wollongong, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. (AER), Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), University of Wollongong [Australia], University of Oxford, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, and Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Nitrous oxide, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QC1-999, 010305 fluids & plasmas, SCIAMACHY, Troposphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Earth sciences, remote sensing, Atmospheric composition and structure, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Positive bias, Methane, Stratosphere, lcsh:Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract: The ENVISAT validation programme for the atmospheric instruments MIPAS, SCIAMACHY and GOMOS is based on a number of balloon-borne, aircraft, satellite and ground-based correlative measurements. In particular the activities of validation scientists were coordinated by ESA within the ENVISAT Stratospheric Aircraft and Balloon Campaign or ESABC. As part of a series of similar papers on other species [this issue] and in parallel to the contribution of the individual validation teams, the present paper provides a synthesis of comparisons performed between MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles produced by the current ESA operational software (Instrument Processing Facility version 4.61 or IPF v4.61, full resolution MIPAS data covering the period 9 July 2002 to 26 March 2004) and correlative measurements obtained from balloon and aircraft experiments as well as from satellite sensors or from ground-based instruments. In the middle stratosphere, no significant bias is observed between MIPAS and correlative measurements, and MIPAS is providing a very consistent and global picture of the distribution of CH4 and N2O in this region. In average, the MIPAS CH4 values show a small positive bias in the lower stratosphere of about 5%. A similar situation is observed for N2O with a positive bias of 4%. In the lower stratosphere/upper troposphere (UT/LS) the individual used MIPAS data version 4.61 still exhibits some unphysical oscillations in individual CH4 and N2O profiles caused by the processing algorithm (with almost no regularization). Taking these problems into account, the MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles are behaving as expected from the internal error estimation of IPF v4.61 and the estimated errors of the correlative measurements.
Published: 2009
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39. Er3+ - activated photonic structures fabricated by sol-gel and rf-sputtering techniques

Author: Ferrari, M.a, Alombert-Goget, G.a, Armellini, C.a, Berneschi, S.b, Bhaktha, S.N.B.ac, Boulard, B.d, Brenci, M.b, Chiappini, A.a, Chiasera, Duverger-Arfuso, C.d, Féron, P.e, Gonçalves, R.R.f, Jestin, Y.a, Minati, L.g, Moser, E.c, Nunzi Conti, Pelli, Rao, D.N.h, Retoux, R.i, Righini, G.C.b, Speranza, G.g, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Ali Serpenguzel, Gonçal Badenes, Giancarlo C. Righini, Collaboration : umr6082, CNR-IFN Trento, CNR-IFAC, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, Fabrication, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses, 02 engineering and technology, sol-gel route, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Optics, law, SiO2-GeO2, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Photonic crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Photonic integrated circuit, Metamaterial, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, SiO2-HfO2, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: conference 7366 « Photonic Materials, Devices, and Applications », Session: 3B « Nanophotonics II » [7366-13], http://spie.org/microtechnologies-new-millennium.xml; International audience; The realization of photonic structures operating at visible and near infrared frequencies is a highly attractive scientific and technological challenge. Since optical fiber innovation, a huge of activity has been performed leading to interesting results, such as optical waveguides and planar lightwave circuits, microphotonic devices, optical microcavities, nanowires, plasmonic structures, and photonic crystals. These systems have opened new possibilities in the field of both basic and applied physics, in a large area covering Information Communication Technologies, Health and Biology, Structural Engineering, and Environment Monitoring Systems. Several materials and techniques are employed to successfully fabricate photonic structures. Concerning materials, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses still play an important role, although recently interesting results have been published about fluoride glass-ceramic waveguides. As far as regards the fabrication methods sol-gel route and rf sputtering have proved to be versatile and reliable techniques. In this article we will present a review of some Er3+-activated photonic structures fabricated by sol gel route and rf sputtering deposition. In the discussion on the sol-gel approach we focus our attention on the silica-hafnia binary system presenting an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated by Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the sol-gel route for photonics applications four different confined structures are briefly presented: amorphous waveguides, coated microspheres, monolithic waveguide laser, and core-shell nanospheres. As examples of rf sputtering technique, we will discuss Er3+-activated silica-hafnia and silica-germania waveguides, the latter system allowing fabrication of integrated optics structures by UV photo-imprinting. Finally, two examples of photonic crystal structures, one prepared by sol-gel process and the other one fabricated by rf sputtering deposition, will be illustrated.
Published: 2009
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40. SiO2-SnO2 glass-ceramic planar waveguides activated by rare earth ions

Author: Giancarlo C. Righini, Bruno Capoen, Yoann Jestin, Christophe Kinowski, S. N. B. Bhaktha, A. Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, M. Bouazaoui, D. N. Rao, F. Beclin, Enrico Moser, Maurizio Ferrari, Sylvia Turrell, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupati] (NARL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupathi] (NARL), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Physics Department, Povo-trento, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications (CERLA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices, and CNR, Roma
Subjects: optical properties, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Ion, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, europium, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Glass-ceramic, Doping, Silicate, glass-ceramic, Tin-oxide, waveguides, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nanocrystal, chemistry, FTIR, 13. Climate action, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, TEM, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], photoluminescence, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], excitation spectra, 0210 nano-technology, Europium
Abstract: Eu3+ doped (100-x) SiO2 - x SnO2 (x = 8, 16 and 25 mol %) glass-ceramic waveguides were fabricated by sol-gel technique with dip-coating processing at 800 °C. Higher thermal treatments led to the formation and growth of SnO2 nanocrystals in the matrix, enhancing the 5D0 → 7F2 emission of Eu3+. Spectroscopic investigations reveal the evolution of a centro-symmetric local environment around the Eu3+ ion. This property of glass-ceramic waveguides can be exploited for obtaining a higher rare-earth concentration in a smaller volume. The glass-ceramic waveguides exhibited low-losses (0.8 ± 0.2 dB/cm at 632.8 nm) and thus are promising for the development of high-gain integrated optical amplifiers
Published: 2009
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41. Er3+-doped silica-hafnia films for optical waveguides and spherical resonators

Author: Giorgio Speranza, G. Nunzi Conti, Cristina Armellini, Andrea Chiappini, Alessandro Chiasera, R. Retoux, Stefano Pelli, Enrico Moser, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Patrice Féron, Mariano Ferrari, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi (DMD CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica - CSMFO group, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CNRS UMR 6082 / CNR-IFN Trento et CNR-IFAC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Universitade de São Paul, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Infrared properties, Planar waveguides, Materials science, Fabrication, Sol-gel processing, Luminescence, Films and coatings, Glass ceramics, Optical spectroscopy, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, Sol–gel, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, PACS: 42.70.−a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Optics, Rare-earth ions, 0103 physical sciences, Rare-earths in glasses, Materials Chemistry, Fiber, Ceramic, PACS: 42.70.-a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Thin film, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Nanocrystals and nanoparticles, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], biology, business.industry, Silicates, Silica, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, aerogel and solution chemistry, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Core (optical fiber), Optical waveguides, visual_art, Optical materials, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: The silica-hafnia glass system has proved to be highly suitable for photonic applications. The refractive index can be tailored in a wide range by appropriate composition, due to the high refractive index of HfO2. Moreover, its transparency is optimal in both visible and NIR range. Here we report on fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of Er3+-activated planar waveguides and glass ceramic waveguides. Results concerning silica microspheres coated by silica-hafnia film are presented as well. In the case of planar waveguides comparison with other binary systems, in particular SiO2-TiO2, is considered, and concentration quenching and energy transfer processes are discussed. Two examples of silicahafnia-derived waveguiding glass ceramics, prepared by top-down and bottom-up techniques are reported, and the main optical properties are discussed. Finally, some properties of activated microspherical resonators, having a silica core, obtained by melting the end of a telecom fiber, coated with an Er3+-doped 70SiO2-30HfO2 film, are presented.
Published: 2008
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42. Fabrication and spectroscopic properties of glass-based erbium activated micro-nano photonic structures

Author: Maurizio Ferrari, Claire Duverger Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Patrice Féron, S.N.B. Bhaktha, E. Moser, Giorgio Speranza, A. Chiappini, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Yoann Jestin, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, G. Nunzi Conti, Pham Thanh Huy, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), IEEE, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science::Computational Geometry, Waveguiding glass ceramics, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, 1-D photonic crystal, Ceramic, Core-shell silica spheres, Rf-sputtering, Sol-gel, Photonic crystal, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, visual_art, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: session Th.A3 « Novel Glasses II » [Th.A3.2], http://www.ait.gr/ICTON/; International audience; This paper presents optical and spectroscopic assessment, as well as morphological and structural characterization of nanoscaled photonic structures: (i) rare earth-activated oxide and fluoride glass ceramics planar waveguides; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-nano silica spheres and core-shell-like structures; (iii) rf sputteringfabricated planar microcavities
Published: 2008
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43. Erbium-activated silica-hafnia: a reliable photonic system

Author: S.N.B. Bhaktha, Giorgio Speranza, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, T.N. Khiem, Roberto Osellame, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, K. C. Vishnubhatla, Cristina Armellini, A. Chiappini, C. Duverger-Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Roberta Ramponi, André Monteil, G. Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, D. N. Rao, Alexander Quandt, Pham Thanh Huy, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Féron, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), IEEE, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Chemistry [University of São Paulo] | Instituto de Química [Universidade de São Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), and University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, Erbium, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 010306 general physics, Glass-ceramics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Sol-gel, Glass-ceramic, biology, business.industry, Doping, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, Amorphous solid, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Photonics, business, Waveguide, Waveguides
Abstract: Workshop on Advanced Materials and Photonics Application; International audience; Sol gel-derived silica-hafnia is a reliable and flexible binary system that has proved to be suitable for rare earth doping and fabrication of amorphous and glass ceramic planar waveguides as well as for improving thermal stability of spherical microresonators. Here we present an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated with Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the silica-hafnia system for photonics applications three different confined structures are briefly presented: i) amorphous waveguides; ii) glass-ceramic waveguides; iii) coated microspheres
Published: 2008
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44. Enhanced fluorescence from Eu3+ in low-loss silica glass-ceramic waveguides with high SnO2 content

Author: F. Beclin, Christophe Kinowski, Bruno Capoen, Sylvia Turrell, S.N.B. Bhaktha, M. Bouazaoui, Giancarlo C. Righini, O. Robbe, Mariano Ferrari, Alessandro Chiasera, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Physics Department, Povo-trento, Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications (CERLA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Materials and Devices, CNR, Roma, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, optical waveguides, 01 natural sciences, Molecular electronic transition, 0103 physical sciences, nanocomposites, Ceramic, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Nanocomposite, glass ceramics, business.industry, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, xerogels, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Absorption band, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, fluorescence, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence
Abstract: We report on the sol-gel fabrication and characterization of (100−x)SiO2–xSnO2 (x=8, 16, and 25 mol %) glass-ceramic waveguides doped with 1 mol % Eu3+. A suitable top-down thermal process led to the formation of SnO2 nanocrystals ~4 nm embedding Eu3+ ions. The excitation spectra evidence the role of interband electronic transition of SnO2 nanocrystals on the luminescence of Eu3+. Monitoring the 5D0→7F2 Eu3+ emission, we observe about 15 times increase in the intensity of SnO2 absorption band, moving from x=8 to 25 mol %. These waveguides also exhibit low losses, making them quite promising for development of high-gain integrated optical amplifiers.
Published: 2008
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45. The Assimilation of Envisat data (ASSET) project

Author: S. Rharmili, Marco Ridolfi, Boris Khattatov, A. F. Vik, Slimane Bekki, T. von Clarmann, D. Fonteyn, Sebastien Massart, Simone Ceccherini, Alan J. Geer, O. Talagrand, Quentin Errera, Arjo Segers, William Lahoz, David Jackson, H. E. Thornton, Niels Bormann, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Marion Marchand, Henk Eskes, Hendrik Elbern, Data Assimilation Research Centre [Reading] (DARC), University of Reading (UOR), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung (RIU), Universität zu Köln, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Fusion Numerics, Inc, Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), CERFACS, Météo-France [Paris], Météo France, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Norsk Institutt for Luftforskning (NILU), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ASSET, COST, ISSI, European Project: EVK2-CT-2002-00137, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Météo-France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), W. A. Lahoz, A. J. Geer, S. Bekki, N. Bormann, S. Ceccherini, H. Elbern, Q. Errera, H. J. Eske, D. Fonteyn, D. R. Jackson, B. Khattatov, S. Massart, V. H. Peuch, S. Rharmili, M. Ridolfi, A. Seger, O. Talagrand, H. E. Thornton, A. F. Vik, and T. von Clarmann
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Earth observation, Meteorological reanalysis, Meteorology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Asset (computer security), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Troposphere, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, Atmospheric composition and structure, Data assimilation, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Inversione, Data archival, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric composition, Assimilation (biology), Remote sensing, Numerical weather prediction, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Assimilation, Environmental science, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: International audience This paper discusses the highlights of the EU-funded "Assimilation of Envisat data" (ASSET) project, which has involved assimilation of Envisat atmospheric constituent and temperature data into systems based on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models and chemical transport models (CTMs). Envisat was launched in 2002 and is one of the largest Earth Observation (EO) satellites ever built. It carries several sophisticated EO instruments providing insights into chemistry and dynamics of the atmosphere. In this paper we focus on the assimilation of temperature and constituents from Envisat. The overarching theme of the ASSET project has been to bring together experts from all aspects of the data assimilation problem. This has allowed ASSET to address several themes comprehensively: enhancement of NWP analyses by assimilation of research satellite data; studies of the distribution of stratospheric chemical species by assimilation of research satellite data into CTM systems; objective assessment of the quality of ozone analyses; studies of the spatial and temporal evolution of tropospheric pollutants; enhanced retrievals of Envisat data; and data archival and dissemination. Among the results from the ASSET project, many of which are firsts in their field, we can mention: a positive impact on NWP analyses from assimilation of height-resolved stratospheric humidity and temperature data, and assimilation of limb radiances; the extraction of temperature information from the assimilation of chemical species into CTMs; a first intercomparison between ozone assimilation systems; the extraction of information on tropospheric pollution from assimilation of Envisat data; and the large potential of the Envisat MIPAS dataset. This paper discusses these, often novel, developments and results. Finally, achievements of, and recommendations from, the ASSET project are presented.
Published: 2007
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46. Technical Note: Regularization performances with the error consistency method in the case of retrieved atmospheric profiles

Author: Bruno Carli, C. Belotti, Piera Raspollini, Simone Ceccherini, Marco Ridolfi, EGU, Publication, S. Ceccherini, C. Belotti, B. Carli, P. Raspollini, M. Ridolfi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), S.Ceccherini, C.Belotti, B.Carli, P.Raspollini, and M.Ridolfi
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Regularization (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Troposphere, lcsh:Chemistry, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Inversione, 0101 mathematics, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Earth observation, Retrieval, Atmospheric composition, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Technical note, lcsh:QC1-999, 010101 applied mathematics, lcsh:QD1-999, Vertical field, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The retrieval of concentration vertical profiles of atmospheric constituents from spectroscopic measurements is often an ill-conditioned problem and regularization methods are frequently used to improve its stability. Recently a new method, that provides a good compromise between precision and vertical resolution, was proposed to determine analytically the value of the regularization parameter. This method is applied for the first time to real measurements with its implementation in the operational retrieval code of the satellite limb-emission measurements of the MIPAS instrument and its performances are quantitatively analyzed. The adopted regularization improves the stability of the retrieval providing smooth profiles without major degradation of the vertical resolution. In the analyzed measurements the retrieval procedure provides a vertical resolution that, in the troposphere and low stratosphere, is smaller than the vertical field of view of the instrument.
Published: 2007
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47. First spectral measurement of the Earth's upwelling emission using an uncooled wideband Fourier transform spectrometer

Author: M. Pellegrini, Giovanni Bianchini, Bruno Carli, Ugo Cortesi, Claude Camy-Peyret, Luca Palchetti, Yao Té, P. Jeseck, F. Castagnoli, C. Belotti, EGU, Publication, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique (LPMAA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Far infrared, Infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer, Water vapour, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Atmospheric structrure, Spectral resolution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Physics, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Spectrometer, business.industry, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Fourier transform, 13. Climate action, Spectral envelope, Fourier spectroscopy, symbols, business
Abstract: The ﬁrst spectral measurement of Earth’s emitted radiation to space in the widebandrange from 100 to 1400cm −1 with 0.5cm −1 spectral resolution is presented. The mea-surement was performed from a stratospheric balloon in tropical region using a Fourier 5 transform spectrometer, during a ﬁeld campaign held in Brazilin June2005. The instru-ment, which has uncooled components including the detector module, is a prototypedeveloped as part of the study for the REFIR (Radiation Explorer in the Far InfraRed)space mission. This paper shows the results of the ﬁeld campaign with particular atten-tion to the measurement capabilities of the prototype. The results are compared with 10 measurements taken by IASI-balloon (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer –Balloon version), aboard the same platform, and with forward model estimations. Theinfrared signature of clouds is observed in the measurements. 1 Introduction The observation of the upwelling emission in the full relevant spectral range, from the
Published: 2006
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48. Odin/SMR limb observations of stratospheric trace gases: Validation of N2O

Author: E. Le Flochmoën, Fabrice Jégou, Patrick Eriksson, Claude Camy-Peyret, Piera Raspollini, Hideaki Nakajima, Marco Ridolfi, N. Lautie, L. El Amraoui, Michel Pirre, Yasuhiro Sasano, Michael Olberg, M. K. Ejiri, C. Piccolo, Armin Kleinböhl, Andrew Robinson, Carlos Jimenez, Takafumi Sugita, Gaëlle Dufour, Urban Frisk, Klaus F. Künzi, Nathalie Huret, Sébastien Payan, E. Dupuy, Donal P. Murtagh, Philippe Ricaud, Neil R. P. Harris, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, Tatsuya Yokota, K. Küllmann, J. de La Noë, H. Bremer, Joachim Urban, Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Atmospheric and Environmental Science [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Swedish Space Corporation (SSC), Onsala Space Observatory (OSO), Laboratoire de Physique Moleculaire pour l'Atmosphere et l'Astrophysique (LPMAA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Atmospheric Science [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Onsala Space Observatory, Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), J. Urban, N. Lautie, E. Le Flochmoen, C. Jimenez, P. Eriksson, J. de La Noe, E. Dupuy, L. El Amraoui, U. Frisk, F. Jegou, D. Murtagh, M. Olberg, P. Ricaud, C. Camy-Peyret, G. Dufour, S. Payan, N. Huret, M. Pirre, A.D. Robinson, N.R.P. Harri, H. Bremer, A. Kleinbohl, K. Kullmann, K. Kunzi, J. Kuttippurath, M. Ejiri, H. Nakajima, Y. Sasano, T. Sugita, T. Yokota, C. Piccolo, P. Raspollini, and M. Ridolfi
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Instrumentation, Soil Science, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Root mean square, Geochemistry and Petrology, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Mixing ratio, Stratosphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Atmospheric sounding, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Radiometer, Ecology, Paleontology, Forestry, Trace gas, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Environmental science, Satellite
Abstract: The Sub‐Millimetre Radiometer (Odin/SMR) on board the Odin satellite, launched on 20 February 2001, performs regular measurements of the global distribution of stratospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) using spectral observations of the J = 20 → 19 rotational transition centered at 502.296 GHz. We present a quality assessment for the retrieved N2O profiles (level 2 product) by comparison with independent balloonborne and aircraftborne validation measurements as well as by cross‐comparing with preliminary results from other satellite instruments. An agreement with the airborne validation experiments within 28 ppbv in terms of the root mean square (RMS) deviation is found for all SMR data versions (v222, v223, and v1.2) under investigation. More precisely, the agreement is within 19 ppbv for N2O volume mixing ratios (VMR) lower than 200 ppbv and within 10% for mixing ratios larger than 150 ppbv. Given the uncertainties due to atmospheric variability inherent to such comparisons, these values should be interpreted as upper limits for the systematic error of the Odin/SMR N2O measurements. Odin/SMR N2O mixing ratios are systematically slightly higher than nonvalidated data obtained from the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer‐II (ILAS‐II) on board the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite‐II (ADEOS‐II). Root mean square deviations are generally within 23 ppbv (or 20% for VMR‐N2O > 100 ppbv) for versions 222 and 223. The comparison with data obtained from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on the Envisat satellite yields a good agreement within 9–17 ppbv (or 10% for VMR‐N2O > 100 ppbv) for the same data versions. Odin/SMR version 1.2 data show somewhat larger RMS deviations and a higher positive bias.
Published: 2005
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49. Laser microsphérique en verre phosphate co-dopé erbium ytterbium: couplage avec une cavité externe

Author: Gualtiero Nunzi-Conti, Mohamed Boustimi, Patrice Feron, Giancarlo C. Righini, Carole Arnaud, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d'Optronique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), coopération 2004/2005 CNRS/CNR Italie Projet n° 16 262 : FERON/NUNZI, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, 0103 physical sciences, External cavity, General Physics and Astronomy, Physical chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Phosphate glass
Abstract: COLOQ 8 - Huitième colloque sur les lasers et l'optique quantique ( Toulouse, France, septembre 2003); National audience; Nous montrons l'effet du couplage entre un laser microsphérique et une cavité externe constituée d'un miroir métallique. Nous observons un effet de contre-réaction optique avec décalage vers de plus courtes longueurs d'ondes.
Published: 2004
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50. Microsphere Laser in Er3+/Yb3+ Co-doped Phosphate Glass: Coupling with an External Cavity

Author: Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, Gualtiero Nunzi-Conti, Mohamed Boustimi, Carole Arnaud, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Ytterbium, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Phosphate glass, law.invention, 010309 optics, Coupling (electronics), Erbium, Wavelength, Optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: conference 5333 « Laser Resonators and Beam Control VII », session 5 « Microresonators and Photonic Crystals I » [5333-18]; International audience; Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass microsphere lasers have been studied under pumping by a fiber taper at 1480 nm. Whispering Gallery Mode laser spectra were analyzed for different sphere diameters. The gain spectrum is calculated for the transition 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 around 1550 nm. Red-shift effect on the wavelengths of both fluorescence and laser spectra is experimentally observed when the pump power is increased, originating from thermal effects. We showed coupling effect between microspherical laser and an external cavity made by a metallic mirror. We observed line shift to lower wavelengths due to optical feedback effect.
Published: 2004
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