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15 results on '"Rodriguez, O"'

1. Search for coincident air showers over large scale distances with the EEE network

Author

A. Scribano, S. Pisano, S. Serci, Giuseppe Mandaglio, F. Nozzoli, A. Corvaglia, P. Galeotti, Rosario Nania, L. Cifarelli, S. De Pasquale, C. Gustavino, C. Avanzini, F. L. Fabbri, Luca Baldini, E. Scapparone, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Selvi, M. C. S. Williams, G. Piragino, Mn Mazziotta, M. Rizzi, A. Chiavassa, A. Trifirò, G. Maron, L. Votano, G. Batignani, S. Miozzi, G. Gemme, M. C. Vistoli, F. Coccetti, S. Grazzi, Francesco Noferini, D. De Gruttola, F. Carnesecchi, E. Coccia, Riccardo Paoletti, I. Gnesi, F. Palmonari, G. Terreni, M. Panareo, C. Ripoli, Antonino Zichichi, L. Galante, M. P. Panetta, R. Baldini Ferroli, S. Boi, Giancarlo C. Righini, W. Park, M. Garbini, M. Battaglieri, C. Cicalò, G. Sartorelli, Despina Hatzifotiadou, L. Zheng, Vladimir Frolov, M. Trimarchi, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, P. La Rocca, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, C. Pellegrino, R. Zuyeuski, Francesco Riggi, E. Bossini, L. Perasso, M. Taiuti, Marco Schioppa, S. Squarcia, Carla Aramo, Mario Buscemi, Rossella Caruso, Roberta Colalillo, Salvatore Costa, Fausto Guarino, Antonio Insolia, Laura Valore, La Rocca, P., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F. L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., Mandaglio, G., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., La Rocca P., Abbrescia M., Avanzini C., Baldini L., Baldini Ferroli R., Batignani G., Battaglieri M., Boi S., Bossini E., Carnesecchi F., Chiavassa A., Cicalo C., Cifarelli L., Coccetti F., Coccia E., Corvaglia A., De Gruttola D., De Pasquale S., Fabbri F.L., Frolov V., Galante L., Galeotti P., Garbini M., Gemme G., Gnesi I., Grazzi S., Gustavino C., Hatzifotiadou D., Mandaglio G., Maragoto Rodriguez O., Maron G., Mazziotta M.N., Miozzi S., Nania R., Noferini F., Nozzoli F., Palmonari F., Panareo M., Panetta M.P., Paoletti R., Park W., Pellegrino C., Perasso L., Pilo F., Piragino G., Pisano S., Riggi F., Righini G.C., Ripoli C., Rizzi M., Sartorelli G., Scapparone E., Schioppa M., Scribano A., Selvi M., Serci S., Squarcia S., Taiuti M., Terreni G., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vistoli M.C., Votano L., Williams M.C.S., Zheng L., Zichichi A., and Zuyeuski R.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Cosmic ray, Context (language use), Scale (descriptive set theory), 01 natural sciences, Sparse array, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, MRPC, extensive air showers, 010306 general physics, Cosmic rays, tracking detectors, Physics, Cosmic rays, extensive air showers, tracking detectors, MRPC, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astronomy, extensive air shower, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The existence of time correlations in detectors separated by distances much larger than the size of the highest energy extensive air showers (EAS) has been long discussed over the years. Several mechanisms have been proposed to justify the existence of such events and, in the last decade, some experiments have also tried to search for correlations on a large scale distance, beyond one hundred kilometers. The approaches were based on the construction of clusters of detectors placed at large relative distances, with the capability of selecting extensive air showers. Within this context, the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment can provide new inputs in the search for long distance correlations, thanks to its sparse array of muon telescopes spanning all the Italian territory. The EEE telescopes are taking data since more than 10 years and enough statistics has been already accumulated to be able to search for such events, whose observation is intrinsically difficult due to the very low rates expected, many order of magnitudes smaller than the overall cosmic ray flux. In order to reduce the accidental correlations, different analysis approaches have been investigated for the selection of EAS events with the EEE telescopes. In this paper we will present preliminary results obtained by analyzing a large fraction of the statistics currently available.

Published
2019

2. Performance of the multigap resistive plate chambers of the extreme energy events project

Author

Corrado Cicalo, Rosario Nania, C. Avanzini, L. Fabbri, Luca Baldini, M. Selvi, A. Chiavassa, C. Gustavino, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, M. Rizzi, M. C. S. Williams, L. Galante, Giancarlo C. Righini, F. Coccetti, A. Scribano, S. De Pasquale, G. Piragino, Antonio Trifiro, G. Maron, Giuseppe Mandaglio, S. Pisano, F. Nozzoli, S. Serci, G. Gemme, M. N. Mazziotta, M. C. Vistoli, S. Grazzi, Antonino Zichichi, Riccardo Paoletti, R. Baldini Ferroli, G. Terreni, I. Gnesi, C. Ripoli, L. Votano, A. Corvaglia, P. La Rocca, Eugenio Scapparone, D. De Gruttola, F. Carnesecchi, E. Coccia, L. Perasso, M. Panareo, W. Park, L. G. Batignani, G. Sartorelli, S. Miozzi, M. Garbini, M. Battaglieri, E. Bossini, F. Palmonari, Despina Hatzifotiadou, Luisa Cifarelli, C. Pellegrino, L. Zheng, Vladimir Frolov, M. Trimarchi, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Boi, M. Taiuti, Marco Schioppa, S. Squarcia, Francesco Noferini, M. P. Panetta, P. Galeotti, M. Abbrescia, R. Zuyeuski, Francesco Riggi, Garbini, M., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, L. G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Gruttola, D. De, Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Pasquale, S. De, Fabbri, F. L., Rocca, P. La, and Rodriguez, O. Maragoto

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Resistive plate chamber, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Tracking (particle physics), Timing detectors, 01 natural sciences, Cosmic rays, Multi gap resistive plate chambers, Tracking detectors, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Instrumentation, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Tracking detectors, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Muon spectrometer, Particle tracking detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Aerospace engineering, physics.ins-det, Cosmic rays, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Resistive-plate chambers, Physics, Resistive touchscreen, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Tracking detectors, Cosmic rays, Multi gap resistive plate chambers, Detector, Time resolution, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle tracking detector, Multi gap resistive plate chambers, Global Positioning System, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The muon telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project are made of three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). The EEE array is composed, so far, of 59 telescopes and is organized in clusters and single telescope stations distributed all over the Italian territory. They are installed in High Schools with the aim to join research and teaching activities, by involving researchers, teachers and students in the construction, maintenance, data taking and data analysis. The unconventional working sites, mainly school buildings with non-controlled environmental parameters and heterogeneous maintenance conditions, are a unique test field for checking the robustness, the low-ageing features and the long-lasting performance of the MRPC technology for particle tracking and timing purposes. The measurements performed with the EEE array require excellent performance in terms of time and spatial resolution, efficiency, tracking capability and stability. The data from two recent coordinated data taking periods, named Run 2 and Run 3, have been used to measure these quantities and the results are described, together with a comparison with expectations and with the results from a beam test performed in 2006 at CERN., 6 pages, 4 figures, conference RPC 2018

Published
2019

3. Optical and magnetic resonance imaging approaches for investigating the tumour microenvironment: state-of-the-art review and future trends

Author

L.L. del Mercato, Stanley T. Fricke, Yichien Lee, Marta Cavo, Olga Rodriguez, Saumya Prasad, Erika Parasido, Giuseppe Gigli, Anil Chandra, Christopher Albanese, Eliana D'Amone, Prasad S., Chandra A., Cavo M., Parasido E., Fricke S., Lee Y., D'Amone E., Gigli G., Albanese C., Rodriguez O., and Del Mercato L.L.

Subjects
Nanostructure, Fluorescent Dye, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, fluorescence microscopy, Neoplasms, Tumor Microenvironment, General Materials Science, medicine.diagnostic_test, Optical Imaging, State of the art review, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, optical sensing, Acidosi, Metalloporphyrin, Mechanics of Materials, Positron emission tomography, Acidosis, 0210 nano-technology, Human, Tumour heterogeneity, Metalloporphyrins, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, 010402 general chemistry, Optical imaging, Optical sensing, Medical imaging, medicine, Animals, Humans, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Fluorescent Dyes, business.industry, Animal, Mechanical Engineering, Critical factors, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Chemistry, Physics - Medical Physics, Nanostructures, 0104 chemical sciences, Neoplasm, Tumor Hypoxia, Medical Physics (physics.med-ph), sense organs, business, Neuroscience
Abstract

The tumour microenvironment (TME) strongly influences tumorigenesis and metastasis. Two of the most characterized properties of the TME are acidosis and hypoxia, both of which are considered hallmarks of tumours as well as critical factors in response to anticancer treatments. Currently, various imaging approaches exist to measure acidosis and hypoxia in the TME, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography and optical imaging. In this review, we will focus on the latest fluorescent-based methods for optical sensing of cell metabolism and MRI as diagnostic imaging tools applied both in vitro and in vivo. The primary emphasis will be on describing the current and future uses of systems that can measure intra- and extra-cellular pH and oxygen changes at high spatial and temporal resolution. In addition, the suitability of these approaches for mapping tumour heterogeneity, and assessing response or failure to therapeutics will also be covered., Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures

Published
2021

4. State-of-the-Art Production Chains for Peas, Beans and Chickpeas-Valorization of Agro-Industrial Residues and Applications of Derived Extracts

Author

Chiara Zurlini, Marika Bondi, Patrizia Cinelli, Tullia Tedeschi, Geert Bruggerman, Laura Sisti, Janos-Istvan Petrusan, Philippe F X Corvini, Francesca Signori, Stefanie Verstringe, Simona Neri, Ilaria Maria Cigognini, Georgios Tsatsos, Annamaria Celli, Annalisa Tassoni, Oscar Rodríguez, Tassoni A., Tedeschi T., Zurlini C., Cigognini I.M., Petrusan J.-I., Rodriguez O., Neri S., Celli A., Sisti L., Cinelli P., Signori F., Tsatsos G., Bondi M., Verstringe S., Bruggerman G., and Corvini P.F.X.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Bioactive molecules, legumes, Phytochemicals, Pharmaceutical Science, Biomass, Context (language use), Review, fibers, 01 natural sciences, Agro-industrial by-product, 12. Responsible consumption, Analytical Chemistry, lcsh:QD241-441, Bioma, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Waste Management, 010608 biotechnology, Drug Discovery, Production (economics), Fiber, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Agro-industrial by-products, Biowaste, Fibers, Legumes, Plant proteins, Cicer, Peas, Waste Products, Legume, 2. Zero hunger, biomass, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Resource depletion, Biorefinery, Pulp and paper industry, biowaste, 040401 food science, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Food processing, Molecular Medicine, Environmental science, business, agro-industrial by-products, plant proteins
Abstract

The world is confronted with the depletion of natural resources due to their unsustainable use and the increasing size of populations. In this context, the efficient use of by-products, residues and wastes generated from agro-industrial and food processing opens the perspective for a wide range of benefits. In particular, legume residues are produced yearly in very large amounts and may represent an interesting source of plant proteins that contribute to satisfying the steadily increasing global protein demand. Innovative biorefinery extraction cascades may also enable the recovery of further bioactive molecules and fibers from these insufficiently tapped biomass streams. This review article gives a summary of the potential for the valorization of legume residual streams resulting from agro-industrial processing and more particularly for pea, green bean and chickpea by-products/wastes. Valuable information on the annual production volumes, geographical origin and state-of-the-art technologies for the extraction of proteins, fibers and other bioactive molecules from this source of biomass, is exhaustively listed and discussed. Finally, promising applications, already using the recovered fractions from pea, bean and chickpea residues for the formulation of feed, food, cosmetic and packaging products, are listed and discussed.

Published
2020

5. The new trigger/GPS module for the EEE project

Author

M. Garbini, S. Pisano, S. Serci, M. Battaglieri, L. Perasso, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Taiuti, Rosario Nania, Corrado Cicalo, Giuseppe Mandaglio, Marco Schioppa, F. L. Fabbri, C. Avanzini, M. Selvi, E. Bossini, S. De Pasquale, A. Chiavassa, C. Gustavino, S. Miozzi, M. C. S. Williams, F. Nozzoli, G. Batignani, Antonio Trifiro, G. Maron, M. Panareo, S. Squarcia, R. Zuyeuski, G. Piragino, G. Galante, I. Gnesi, C. Pellegrino, W. Park, Luca Baldini, P. Galeotti, F. Carnesecchi, C. Vistoli, E. Coccia, G. Sartorelli, Marcello Abbrescia, Antonino Zichichi, L. Votano, Francesco Riggi, L. Zheng, Vladimir Frolov, M. Rizzi, A. Corvaglia, R. Baldini Ferroli, Luisa Cifarelli, Despina Hatzifotiadou, G. Gemme, Eugenio Scapparone, S. Grazzi, C. Ripoli, Francesco Noferini, M. Trimarchi, Riccardo Paoletti, Giancarlo C. Righini, G. Terreni, F. Coccetti, M. P. Panetta, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Boi, F. Palmonari, A. Scribano, P. La Rocca, D. De Gruttola, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, Panetta, M. P., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini Ferroli, R., Baldini, L., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Frolov, V., Galante, G., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmic rays detector, Real-time computing, Embedded GPS engine, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, law, 0103 physical sciences, Pulse-per-second signal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Time synchronization detector, Instrumentation, Physics, Time synchronization detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Detector, Trigger, Assisted GPS, Global Positioning System, Cosmic rays detectors, Embedded GPS engine, Time synchronization detectors, Trigger, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Instrumentation, Cosmic rays detectors, Timestamp, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events Project is an experiment devoted to the study of the Extensive Atmospheric Showers (EAS) which consists of a network of Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) muon telescopes distributed over a very large area ∼ 3 t i m e s 1 0 5 k m 2 . It requires a precise time synchronization to correlate the information collected from each single detector. The data acquisition system of each telescope is equipped with a trigger unit and a GPS receiver to perform precision timing of events. The Global Positioning System (GPS) unit provides the one pulse per second signal (1PPS) which is used to create a timestamp in UTC time. A novel VME trigger unit for the EEE telescopes was developed, including an embedded GPS engine for timing application. The trigger/GPS unit is presented, including some preliminary measurements of its time resolution.

Published
2019

6. Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey

Author

G. Tarle, Alyssa Garcia, V. Scarpine, Samuel Hinton, Marcelle Soares-Santos, David J. Brooks, Z. Doctor, C. Lidman, Douglas L. Tucker, G. Gutierrez, N. Meza, B. Flaugher, Kyler Kuehn, A. Carnero Rosell, Alex Drlica-Wagner, D. L. Burke, Eric H. Neilsen, J. Carretero, U. Malik, Huanqing Chen, A. K. Vivas, C. Nicolaou, Tamara M. Davis, Jhon Yana Galarza, Enrique Gaztanaga, Michael Schubnell, M. Sako, David J. James, K. Honscheid, J. Gschwend, Antonella Palmese, D. L. Hollowood, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, S. Serrano, Alfredo Zenteno, F. Paz-Chinchón, Richard Kessler, Sunayana Bhargava, Ryan J. Foley, Daniel Scolnic, Ken Herner, Marcos Lima, Andre Luiz Figueiredo, S. Desai, M. Smith, S. Avila, Jennifer L. Marshall, Peter Doel, T. F. Eifler, Edward R. Cook, Daniel Gruen, Daniel E. Holz, E. Suchyta, M. A. G. Maia, James Annis, Clecio R. Bom, H. T. Diehl, T. M. C. Abbott, Michel Aguena, R. E. Butler, M. Costanzi, Melissa Butner, J. P. Marriner, Josh Frieman, M. S. S. Gill, Mackenna L. Wood, M. Carrasco Kind, S. Everett, D. J. Brout, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, R. Cartier, E. J. Sanchez, D. W. Gerdes, C. J. Conselice, Huan Lin, Ben Farr, Ramon Miquel, N. Kuropatkin, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, W. G. Hartley, L. N. da Costa, Brian Yanny, D. A. Finley, Nora Sherman, Sean D. Points, A. A. Plazas, J. De Vicente, Flavia Sobreira, M. March, M. Wiesner, Tristan Bachmann, R. L. C. Ogando, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Andrew W. Mann, Ofer Lahav, Robert Morgan, A. Roodman, O. Rodriguez, Keith Bechtol, J. Quirola-Vásquez, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Energy (US), Higher Education Funding Council for England, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España), University of Illinois, University of Chicago, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), German Research Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, University of California, University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (España), University of Edinburgh, University of Michigan, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (US), University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, Morgan, R., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Herner, K., Garcia, A., Palmese, A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Kessler, R., Garcia-Bellido, J., Bachmann, T. G., Sherman, N., Allam, S., Bechtol, K., Bom, C. R., Brout, D., Butler, R. E., Butner, M., Cartier, R., Chen, H., Conselice, C., Cook, E., Davis, T. M., Doctor, Z., Farr, B., Figueiredo, A. L., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Galarza, J. Y., Gill, M. S. S., Gruendl, R. A., Holz, D. E., Kuropatkin, N., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Malik, U., Mann, A. W., Marriner, J., Marshall, J. L., Martinez-Vazquez, C. E., Meza, N., Neilsen, E., Nicolaou, C., Olivares, F. E., Paz-Chinchon, F., Points, S., Quirola-Vasquez, J., Rodriguez, O., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Tucker, D. L., Vivas, A. K., Wiesner, M., Wood, M. L., Yanny, B., Zenteno, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. C., Kind, M. C., Carretero, J., Costa, L. N. D., Costanzi, M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., and Tarle, G.

Subjects
Gravitational wave sources, Optical observation, Light curve classification, Astronomical simulations, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Kilonova, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Redshift, Galaxy, LIGO, Neutron star, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Gravitational wave source, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Full author list: R. Morgan, M. Soares-Santos, J. Annis, K. Herner, A. Garcia, A. Palmese, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Kessler, J. García-Bellido, T. G. Bachmann, N. Sherman, S. Allam, K. Bechtol, C. R. Bom, D. Brout, R. E. Butler, M. Butner, R. Cartier, H. Chen, C. Conselice, E. Cook, T. M. Davis, Z. Doctor, B. Farr, A. L. Figueiredo, D. A. Finley, R. J. Foley, J. Y. Galarza, M. S. S. Gill, R. A. Gruendl, D. E. Holz, N. Kuropatkin, C. Lidman, H. Lin, U. Malik, A. W. Mann, J. Marriner, J. L. Marshall, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez N. Meza, E. Neilsen, C. Nicolaou, F. Olivares E., F. Paz-Chinchón, S. Points, J. Quirola-Vásquez, O. Rodriguez, M. Sako, D. Scolnic, M. Smith, F. Sobreira, D. L. Tucker, A. K. Vivas, M. Wiesner, M. L. Wood, B. Yanny, A. Zenteno, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Avila, E. Bertin, S. Bhargava, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. Costanzi, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, T. F. Eifler, S. Everett, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, W. G. Hartley, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, M. Lima, M. A. G. Maia, M. March, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, A. Roodman, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, M. Schubnell, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Suchyta, and G. Tarle, On 2019 August 14, the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations detected gravitational waves from a black hole and a 2.6 solar mass compact object, possibly the first neutron star-black hole merger. In search of an optical counterpart, the Dark Energy Survey (DES) obtained deep imaging of the entire 90% confidence level localization area with Blanco/DECam 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 16 nights after the merger. Objects with varying brightness were detected by the DES Pipeline, and we systematically reduced the candidate counterparts through catalog matching, light-curve properties, host-galaxy photometric redshifts, Southern Astrophysical Research spectroscopic follow-up observations, and machine-learning-based photometric classification. All candidates were rejected as counterparts to the merger. To quantify the sensitivity of our search, we applied our selection criteria to full light-curve simulations of supernovae and kilonovae as they would appear in the DECam observations. Because the source class of the merger was uncertain, we utilized an agnostic, three-component kilonova model based on tidally disrupted neutron star (NS) ejecta properties to quantify our detection efficiency of a counterpart if the merger included an NS. We find that, if a kilonova occurred during this merger, configurations where the ejected matter is greater than 0.07 solar masses, has lanthanide abundance less than 10-8.56, and has a velocity between 0.18c and 0.21c are disfavored at the 2σ level. Furthermore, we estimate that our background reduction methods are capable of associating gravitational wave signals with a detected electromagnetic counterpart at the 4σ level in 95% of future follow-up observations., R. Morgan thanks the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining Grant #1829740, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation; his participation in the program has benefited this work. F. O.E. acknowledges support from the FONDECYT grant No. 1201223. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. 1744555. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics at The Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NFS’s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. The UCSC team is supported in part by NASA grant NNG17PX03C, NSF grant AST-1815935, the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, the Heising-Simons Foundation, and by fellowships from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to R.J.F. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory at NSFʼs NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Based on observations obtained at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope, which is a joint project of the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Comunicações (MCTIC) da República Federativa do Brasil, the U.S. NSF’s NOIRLab, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU). The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007- 2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. This manuscript has been authored by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.

Published
2020

7. Study of ageing in glass MRPCs

Author

W. Park, F. Carnesecchi, D. W. Kim, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, M. C. S. Williams, A. Zichichi, Z. Liu, R. Zuyeuski, Carnesecchi, F., Kim, D.W., Liu, Z., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Park, W., Williams, M.C.S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Damaged gla, Polarity, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Polarity (physics), Instrumentation, Resistive plate chamber, Time resolution, Cosmic ray, Dark rate, Efficiency, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, MRPC, business, Nuclear and High Energy Physic
Abstract

The Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) is used in many experiments due to its excellent efficiency and time resolution. We have studied the ageing effect on MRPC’s glass sheets. In particular we analysed an MRPC built with glass sheets that had been used for ten years in a cosmic ray study. We extracted the glass sheets from these old chambers and built a new MRPC chamber. We used different configurations; significant changes in the efficiency and time resolution have been observed.

Published
2018

8. Search for long distance correlations between extensive air showers detected by the EEE network

Author

Marco Schioppa, C. Gustavino, S. Squarcia, G. Piragino, Rosario Nania, A. Scribano, Francesco Noferini, C. Ripoli, Despina Hatzifotiadou, M. P. Panetta, M. Selvi, P. Galeotti, Eugenio Scapparone, S. Pisano, M. Garbini, Corrado Cicalo, M. C. S. Williams, A. Chiavassa, M. C. Vistoli, G. Maron, S. Serci, F. L. Fabbri, G. Batignani, S. De Pasquale, M. Panareo, S. Grazzi, A. Trifirò, M. Battaglieri, Gabriella Sartorelli, I. Gnesi, Riccardo Paoletti, L. Perasso, G. Terreni, Luisa Cifarelli, W. Park, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, F. Carnesecchi, E. Coccia, F. Palmonari, Giancarlo C. Righini, A. Zichichi, F. Coccetti, R. Baldini Ferroli, M. N. Mazziotta, E. Bossini, P. La Rocca, Luca Baldini, D. De Gruttola, Marcello Abbrescia, Giuseppe Mandaglio, F. Nozzoli, L. Votano, S. Miozzi, M. Trimarchi, V. V. Frolov, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Boi, G. Gemme, R. Zuyeuski, Francesco Riggi, L. Zheng, M. Taiuti, Abbrescia, M., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F.L., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Ripoli, C., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Fabbri, F. L., Mazziotta, M. N., Panetta, M. P., Righini, G. C., Vistoli, M. C., and Williams, M. C. S.

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Angular distance, Cosmic Rays, air showers, Extreme Energy Events, Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers, Anomaly (natural sciences), array telescope, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Extensive Air Shower, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Coincidence, Confidence interval, law.invention, Telescope, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, 0103 physical sciences, MRPC, Cosmic rays, Extensive Air Showers, MRPC, 010306 general physics, Spurious relationship, Event (particle physics), cosmic ray
Abstract

A search for long distance correlations between individual Extensive Air Showers (EAS) detected by pairs of MRPC telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) network was carried out. The search for an anomaly in these events is the purpose of our work. A dataset obtained by all the possible 45 pairs between 10 EEE cluster sites (hosting at least two telescopes), located at relative distances between 86 and 1200km, was analyzed, corresponding to an overall period of 3968 days time exposure. To estimate the possible event excess with respect to the spurious rate, the number of coincidence events was extracted as a function of the time difference between the arrival of the showers in the two sites, from $\pm 10$ s to the smallest time interval where events are still observed. The analysis was done taking into account both the time and orientation correlation between the showers detected by the telescope pairs. A few candidate events with unusually small time difference and angular distance were observed, with a p-value sensibly smaller than a confidence level of 0.05.

Published
2018

9. The Extreme Energy Events experiment: An overview of the telescopes performance

Author

R. Paoletti, V. V. Frolov, Rosario Nania, C. Avanzini, M. Selvi, S. Pisano, C. Gustavino, A. Chiavassa, S. Serci, G. Batignani, G. Piragino, A. Scribano, L. Galante, L. Votano, Giancarlo C. Righini, C. Ripoli, C. Cicalo, Giuseppe Mandaglio, R. Zuyeuski, F. L. Fabbri, G. Gemme, M. C. Vistoli, M. C. S. Williams, S. Grazzi, F. Nozzoli, R. Baldini Ferroli, F. Carnesecchi, E. Coccia, G. Terreni, Luca Baldini, L. Perasso, I. Gnesi, F. Coccetti, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Rizzi, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, Francesco Riggi, Eugenio Scapparone, C. Pellegrino, M. N. Mazziotta, Antonio Trifiro, G. Maron, P. La Rocca, D. De Gruttola, S. De Pasquale, A. Corvaglia, D. Hatzifotiadou, M. Panareo, L. Zheng, W. Park, Luisa Cifarelli, M. Trimarchi, G. Sartorelli, F. Palmonari, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Boi, M. Garbini, M. Battaglieri, S. Miozzi, A. Zichichi, E. Bossini, M. Taiuti, Marco Schioppa, S. Squarcia, Francesco Noferini, M. P. Panetta, P. Galeotti, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F.L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P. La, Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Fabbri, F. L., Mazziotta, M. N., Panetta, M. P., Righini, G. C., Trifirò, A., Vistoli, M. C., and Williams, M. C. S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Extensive Air Shower, Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber, Particle tracking detectors, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Resistive-plate chambers, Timing detectors, Cosmic Ray, 01 natural sciences, Resistiveplate chambers, RESISTIVE PLATE CHAMBERS, Muon spectrometer, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Resistive plate chamber, Astronomy, COSMIC-RAY TESTS, Time resolution, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle tracking detector, Timing detector, Resistiveplate chamber, Particle tracking detectors, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Resistiveplate chambers, Timing detectors, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). The EEE network is composed, so far, of 53 telescopes, each made of three MRPC detectors; it is organized in clusters and single telescope stations distributed all over the Italian territory and installed in High Schools, covering an area larger than $3\times10^{5}$ km$^{2}$. The study of Extensive Air Showers (EAS), that is one of the goal of the project, requires excellent performance in terms of time and spatial resolution, efficiency, tracking capability and long term stability. The data from two recent coordinated data taking periods, named Run 2 and Run 3, have been used to measure these quantities and the results are here reported, together with a comparison with expectations and with the results from a beam test performed in 2006 at CERN., 21 pages, 17 figures

Published
2018

10. Operation and performance of the EEE network array for the detection of cosmic rays

Author

C. Gustavino, G. Piragino, M. C. S. Williams, G. Maron, M. P. Panetta, M. Dreucci, Antonino Zichichi, M. Panareo, M. D'Incecco, R. Baldini Ferroli, W. Park, P. Galeotti, E. Coccia, A. Maggiora, Eugenio Scapparone, L. Votano, A. Scribano, Luca Baldini, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, F. Licciulli, Rosario Nania, A. Corvaglia, L. Stori, S. Zani, C. Avanzini, M. Selvi, A. Ferraro, Giancarlo C. Righini, S. Serci, S. Miozzi, Marcello Abbrescia, E. Fattibene, M. N. Mazziotta, A. Chiavassa, R. Zuyeuski, G. Batignani, G. Gemme, E. Siddi, P. La Rocca, B. Martelli, M. Garbini, Francesco Riggi, D. De Gruttola, Luisa Cifarelli, F. Nozzoli, F. L. Fabbri, Despina Hatzifotiadou, Vladimir Frolov, Gabriella Sartorelli, I. Gnesi, L. Perasso, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, M. Taiuti, Corrado Cicalo, E. Bossini, S. De Pasquale, Marco Schioppa, A. Di Giovanni, O.B. Visnyei, S. Squarcia, G. Bencivenni, M. C. Vistoli, S. Grazzi, Riccardo Paoletti, G. Terreni, Francesco Noferini, G. Badurek, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, M. Friedl, M. Jeitler, M. Krammer, J. Schieck and C. Schwanda, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F. L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Licciulli, F., Maggiora, A., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, Marco, Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O. B., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Fabbri, F.L., Mazziotta, M.N., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Righini, G.C., Visnyei, O.B., Vistoli, M.C., and Williams, M.C.S.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Sparse array, Cosmic rays, MRPC, Physics education, Telescopes, 0103 physical sciences, Aerospace engineering, 010306 general physics, Telescope, Instrumentation, Nuclear and High Energy Physic, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Cosmic ray muons, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Muon flux, business
Abstract

The EEE (Extreme Energy Events) Project is an experiment for the detection of cosmic ray muons by means of a sparse array of telescopes, each made of three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC), distributed over all the Italian territory and at CERN. The main scientific goals of the Project are the investigation of the properties of the local muon flux, the detection of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) and the search for long-distance correlations between far telescopes. The Project is also characterized by a strong educational and outreach aspect since the telescopes are managed by teams of students and teachers who had previously constructed them at CERN. In this paper an overall description of the experiment is given, including the design, construction and performance of the telescopes. The operation of the whole array, which currently consists of more than 50 telescopes, is also presented by showing the most recent physics results.

Published
2017

11. The EEE project – Science in schools: state and results

Author

M. Panareo, A. Ferraro, Giancarlo C. Righini, P. Galeotti, W. Park, G. Sartorelli, M. Dreucci, F. Licciulli, Antonino Zichichi, G. Bencivenni, B. Martelli, S. De Pasquale, R. Baldini Ferroli, S. Miozzi, F. L. Fabbri, S. Zani, L. Stori, E. Siddi, Francesco Noferini, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, C. Gustavino, O.B. Visnyei, L. Votano, S. Serci, A. Scribano, E. Coccia, A. Maggiora, R. Zuyeuski, M. Taiuti, Vladimir Frolov, A. Corvaglia, M. P. Panetta, G. Piragino, E. Bossini, Marco Schioppa, M. C. Vistoli, Francesco Riggi, Luisa Cifarelli, Rosario Nania, I. Gnesi, S. Squarcia, C. Avanzini, M. Garbini, F. Nozzoli, Despina Hatzifotiadou, S. Grazzi, M. Selvi, L. Perasso, A. Chiavassa, A. Di Giovanni, Luca Baldini, Marcello Abbrescia, Mn Mazziotta, G. Batignani, M. D'Incecco, Riccardo Paoletti, G. Terreni, M. C. S. Williams, G. Maron, Eugenio Scapparone, Corrado Cicalo, P. La Rocca, D. De Gruttola, E. Fattibene, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, G. Gemme, C. Aramo, M. Buscemi, R. Caruso, R. Colalillo, F. Guarino, A. Insolia and L. Valore, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F. L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Licciulli, F., Maggiora, A., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O. B., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Fabbri, F.L., Mazziotta, M.N., Panetta, M.P., Righini, G.C., Visnyei, O.B., Vistoli, M.C., and Williams, M.C.S.

Subjects
Particle physics, High energy, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic ray, Multigap RPC, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, EAS detection, 0103 physical sciences, Forbush decrease, Muon detection, media_common, Multigap RPC, EAS detection, Muon detection, Forbush decrease, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Engineering physics, EAS detection, Forbush decrease, Multigap RPC, Muon detection, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sky, Christian ministry, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) project is an extended array for cosmic rays survey. It was conceived by Antonino Zichichi and supported by the Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi” with the collaboration of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR). This experiment is aimed to study cosmic rays of extreme high energy, and related phenomena. To achieve this goal, a network of nearly 50 muon telescopes has been installed in high schools, distributed throughout the Italian territory, either as single stations or clusters. During the second coordinated run of data taking, which ended in May 2016, 25 billion muon tracks were detected and reconstructed. This huge amount of data, allows us to undertake various studies: the dependence of the local muon flux on solar activity; the sky anisotropy on sub-TeV scale; event correlations, due to EAS, between clustered telescopes at distances from a few hundred meters to over a kilometre. The status of the project and some results will be presented.

Published
2017

12. First results from the upgrade of the Extreme Energy Events experiment

Author

Despina Hatzifotiadou, M. Battaglieri, W. Park, L. G. Batignani, Francesco Noferini, C. Gustavino, G. Sartorelli, G. Piragino, C. Ripoli, F. Coccetti, L. Votano, Rosario Nania, M. Abbrescia, C. Avanzini, L. Galante, M. Selvi, M. P. Panetta, Giancarlo C. Righini, L. Perasso, E. Bossini, A. Chiavassa, R. Zuyeuski, I. Gnesi, L. Fabbri, P. La Rocca, M. C. Vistoli, F. Palmonari, D. De Gruttola, S. Grazzi, Antonino Zichichi, P. Galeotti, Francesco Riggi, S. Miozzi, R. Baldini Ferroli, Riccardo Paoletti, G. Terreni, G. Gemme, Corrado Cicalo, Luca Baldini, Luisa Cifarelli, M. Taiuti, Mn Mazziotta, M. Rizzi, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, M. C. S. Williams, Marco Schioppa, Giuseppe Mandaglio, Antonio Trifiro, S. Squarcia, G. Maron, F. Nozzoli, Eugenio Scapparone, M. Trimarchi, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Boi, C. Pellegrino, L. Zheng, Vladimir Frolov, A. Scribano, S. Pisano, S. Serci, F. Carnesecchi, E. Coccia, S. De Pasquale, A. Corvaglia, M. Panareo, M. Garbini, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, L. G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Fabbri, L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P. La, Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Abbrescia M., Avanzini C., Baldini L., Ferroli R.B., Batignani L.G., Battaglieri M., Boi S., Bossini E., Carnesecchi F., Chiavassa A., Cicalo C., Cifarelli L., Coccetti F., Coccia E., Corvaglia A., Gruttola D., Pasquale S., Fabbri L., Frolov V., Galante L., Galeotti P., Garbini M., Gemme G., Gnesi I., Grazzi S., Gustavino C., Hatzifotiadou D., Rocca P.L., Mandaglio G., Rodriguez O.M., Maron G., Mazziotta M.N., Miozzi S., Nania R., Noferini F., Nozzoli F., Palmonari F., Panareo M., Panetta M.P., Paoletti R., Park W., Pellegrino C., Perasso L., Pilo F., Piragino G., Pisano S., Riggi F., Righini G.C., Ripoli C., Rizzi M., Sartorelli G., Scapparone E., Schioppa M., Scribano A., Selvi M., Serci S., Squarcia S., Taiuti M., Terreni G., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vistoli M.C., Votano L., Williams M.C.S., Zheng L., Zichichi A., and Zuyeuski R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Clock signal, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Gaseous detectors, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Muon spectrometer, 0103 physical sciences, Gaseous detector, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Resistive-plate chambers, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Electrical engineering, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Upgrade, Global Positioning System, business, Energy (signal processing), Data transmission
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment is the largest system in the world completely implemented with Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). Presently, it consists of a network of 59 muon telescopes, each made of 3 MRPCs, devoted to the study of secondary cosmic rays. Its stations, sometimes hundreds of kilometers apart, are synchronized at a few nanoseconds level via a clock signal delivered by the Global Positioning System. The data collected during centrally coordinated runs are sent to INFN CNAF, the largest center for scientific computing in Italy, where they are reconstructed and made available for analysis. Thanks to the on-line monitoring and data transmission, EEE operates as a single coordinated system spread over an area of about $3 \times 10^5$ km$^2$. In 2017, the EEE collaboration started an important upgrade program, aiming to extend the network with 20 additional stations, with the option to have more in the future. This implies the construction, testing and commissioning of 60 chambers, for a total detector surface of around 80 m$^2$. In this paper, aspects related to this challenging endeavor are covered, starting from the technological solutions chosen to build these state-of-the-art detectors, to the quality controls and the performance tests carried on., Comment: Prepared for the proceedings of the XIVth Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and related detectors, Feb. 19-23/2018, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco State, MEXICO

Published
2019

13. The EEE Project: a sparse array of telescopes for the measurement of cosmic ray muons

Author

Corrado Cicalo, Rosario Nania, M. Garbini, C. Avanzini, M. Selvi, M. Taiuti, A. Chiavassa, M. D'Incecco, M. C. Vistoli, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, S. Grazzi, Despina Hatzifotiadou, G. Batignani, Eugenio Scapparone, E. Siddi, Marco Schioppa, Giancarlo C. Righini, M. Panareo, A. Ferraro, Francesco Noferini, S. Serci, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, Riccardo Paoletti, S. Zani, G. Terreni, I. Gnesi, S. Miozzi, M. C. S. Williams, W. Park, F. Coccetti, S. Squarcia, F. L. Fabbri, P. La Rocca, A. Di Giovanni, L. Perasso, D. De Gruttola, G. Maron, G. Sartorelli, Antonino Zichichi, E. Fattibene, M. P. Panetta, Luca Baldini, Vladimir Frolov, L. Stori, C. Gustavino, R. Baldini Ferroli, O.B. Visnyei, B. Martelli, G. Gemme, L. Votano, E. Bossini, Marcello Abbrescia, A. Scribano, G. Piragino, A. Corvaglia, M. Rizzi, P. Galeotti, G. Bencivenni, F. Nozzoli, F. Liciulli, R. Zuyeuski, Luisa Cifarelli, E. Coccia, A. Maggiora, S. De Pasquale, Francesco Riggi, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Dreucci, La Rocca, P, Abbrescia, M, Avanzini, C, Baldini, L, Ferroli, RB, Batignani, G, Bencivenni, G, Bossini, E, Chiavassa, A, Cicalo, C, Cifarelli, L, Coccetti, F, Coccia, E, Corvaglia, A, De Gruttola, D, De Pasquale, S, Di Giovanni, A, D'Incecco, M, Dreucci, M, Fabbri, FL, Fattibene, E, Ferraro, A, Frolov, V, Galeotti, P, Garbini, M, Gemme, G, Gnesi, I, Grazzi, S, Gustavino, C, Hatzifotiadou, D, Liciulli, F, Maggiora, A, Rodriguez, OM, Maron, G, Martelli, B, Mazziotta, MN, Miozzi, S, Nania, R, Noferini, F, Nozzoli, F, Panareo, M, Panetta, M, Paoletti, R, Park, W, Perasso, L, Pilo, F, Piragino, G, Riggi, F, Righini, GC, Rizzi, M, Sartorelli, G, Scapparone, E, Schioppa, M, Scribano, A, Selvi, M, Serci, S, Siddi, E, Squarcia, S, Stori, L, Taiuti, M, Terreni, G, Visnyei, OB, Vistoli, MC, Votano, L, Williams, MCS, Zani, S, Zichichi, A, Zuyeuski, R, Rocca, P. La, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Giovanni, A. Di, D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., F., L. Fabbri, Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., Liciulli, F., Maggiora, A., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Martelli, B., M., N. Mazziotta, Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, Marco, Panetta, M., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O. B., M., C. Vistoli, Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Resistive-plate chambers, Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, Sparse array, law, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Resistive-plate chambers, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, cosmic ray, muons, EAS, Physics, Data processing, Large Hadron Collider, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is meant to be the most extensive experiment to detect secondary cosmic particles in Italy. To this aim, more than 50 telescopes have been built at CERN and installed in high schools distributed all over the Italian territory. Each EEE telescope comprises three large area Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) and is capable of reconstructing the trajectories of the charged particles traversing it with a good angular resolution. The excellent performance of the EEE telescopes allows a large variety of studies, from measuring the local muon flux in a single telescope, to detecting extensive air showers producing time correlations in the same metropolitan area, to searching for large-scale correlations between showers detected in telescopes tens, hundreds or thousands of kilometers apart. In addition to its scientific goal, the EEE Project also has an educational and outreach objective, its aim being to motivate young people by involving them directly in a real experiment. High school students and teachers are involved in the construction, testing and start-up of the EEE telescope in their school, then in its maintenance and data-acquisition, and later in the analysis of the data. During the last couple of years a great boost has been given to the EEE Project through the organization of simultaneous and centralized data taking with the whole telescope array. The raw data from all telescopes are transferred to CNAF (Bologna), where they are reconstructed and stored. The data are currently being analyzed, looking at various topics: variation of the rate of cosmic muons with time, upward going muons, muon lifetime, search for anisotropies in the muon angular distribution and for time coincidences between stations. In this paper an overall description of the experiment is given, including the design, construction and performance of the telescopes. The operation of the whole array is also presented by showing the most recent physics results.

Published
2016

14. Recent results and performance of the multi-gap resistive plate chambers network for the EEE Project

Author

C. Avanzini, M. Selvi, Despina Hatzifotiadou, A. Chiavassa, B. Martelli, G. Batignani, E. Bossini, F. Nozzoli, A. Di Giovanni, M. C. Vistoli, S. Grazzi, Luca Baldini, A. Scribano, Marcello Abbrescia, F. L. Fabbri, Antonino Zichichi, S. Miozzi, S. Serci, Riccardo Paoletti, G. Gemme, M. Dreucci, M. Taiuti, R. Baldini Ferroli, G. Terreni, A. Corvaglia, M. C. S. Williams, G. Maron, V. Frolov, Corrado Cicalo, M. Garbini, Marco Schioppa, Francesco Noferini, C. Gustavino, F. Licciulli, E. Coccia, A. Maggiora, E. Fattibene, Luisa Cifarelli, G. Piragino, A. Ferraro, R. Zuyeusky, S. De Pasquale, Eugenio Scapparone, S. Squarcia, Francesco Riggi, L. Perasso, M. P. Panetta, I. Gnesi, E. Siddi, L. Stori, M. N. Mazziotta, S. Zani, Giancarlo C. Righini, P. Galeotti, L. Votano, G. Bencivenni, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, M. D`Incecco, O.B. Visnyei, M. Panareo, W. Park, G. Sartorelli, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, P. La Rocca, D. De Gruttola, Rosario Nania, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F.L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Licciulli, F., Maggiora, A., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O.B., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., Zuyeusky, R., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Giovanni, A. Di, D`incecco, M., Fabbri, F. L., Rocca, P. La, Mazziotta, M. N., Panareo, Marco, Panetta, M. P., Righini, G. C., Visnyei, O. B., Vistoli, M. C., and Williams, M. C. S.

Subjects
Particle physics, Instrumentation, Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), Cosmic ray, multi-gap resistive plate chambers, cosmic rays, EAS, Resistive-plate chamber, 01 natural sciences, Optics, Muon spectrometer, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Resistive-plate chambers, 0103 physical sciences, Mathematical Physics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Spark chamber, 010306 general physics, Image resolution, Physics, Resistive touchscreen, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Resistive plate chamber, Time resolution, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), Resistive-plate chambers, business
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is devoted to the study of Extensive Atmospheric Showers through a network of muon telescopes, installed in High Schools, with the further aim of introducing young students to particle and astroparticle physics. Each telescope is a tracking detector composed of three Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) with an active area of 1.60 × 0.80 m(2). Their characteristics are similar to the ones built for the Time Of Flight array of the ALICE Experimentat LHC . The EEE Project started with a few pilot towns, where the telescopes have been taking data since 2008, and it has been constantly extended, reaching at present more than 50 MRPCs telescopes. They are spread across Italy with two additional stations at CERN, covering an area of around 3 × 10(5) km(2), with a total surface area for all the MRPCs of 190 m(2). A comprehensive description of the MRPCs network is reported here: efficiency, time and spatial resolution measured using cosmic rays hitting the telescopes. The most recent results on the detector and physics performance from a series of coordinated data acquisition periods are also presented.

Published
2016

15. Time resolution measurements with SiPMs coupled to a scintillator

Author

Silvia Arcelli, M. C. S. Williams, D. De Gruttola, Federico Cindolo, Jeremy John Wilkinson, M. Fusco Girard, Chiara Zampolli, Pietro Antonioli, F. Bellini, Luisa Cifarelli, Eugenio Scapparone, D. Cavazza, Francesco Noferini, Roberto Preghenella, Anselmo Margotti, Andrea Alici, D. Hatzifotiadou, S. De Pasquale, Manuel Colocci, A. De Caro, Z. A. Liu, Ombretta Pinazza, M. Basile, F. Carnesecchi, Gilda Scioli, R. Zuyeuski, A. Zichichi, O. Maragoto Rodriguez, Rosario Nania, Elisa Meninno, N. Jacazio, Alici, A., Antonioli, P., Arcelli, S., Basile, M., Bellini, F., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cifarelli, L., Cindolo, F., Colocci, M., Caro, A. De, Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Girard, M. Fusco, Hatzifotiadou, D., Jacazio, N., Liu, Z., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Margotti, A., Meninno, E., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Pinazza, O., Preghenella, R., Scapparone, E., Scioli, G., Wilkinson, J., Williams, M.C.S., Zampolli, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Optical fiber, APDS, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Silicon photomultiplier, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc), 010302 applied physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy, Detector, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Beamline, Timing detector, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Direct coupling, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

This paper reports on the results of time resolution measurements of detectors consisting of SiPMs coupled to a scintillator. The R&D; has been performed both in a cosmic-ray setup, at the Bologna INFN laboratories, and in a beam test, at the CERN T10 beam line. Different couplings, direct or by means of optical fibres, have been tested. The measurements indicate that to reach better time resolutions, it is important to have a direct coupling between the SiPM and the scintillator. A time resolution of 67 ps has been achieved, for the direct coupling, broadened by the full electronics chain jitter.

Published
2018

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