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18 results on '"Peter Rosenbusch"'

1. UTC(OP) based on LNE-SYRTE atomic fountain primary frequency standards

Author

G. D. Rovera, Ph. Laurent, M. Abgrall, Sébastien Bize, P. Uhrich, B. Chupin, J. Guéna, Peter Rosenbusch, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Coordinated Universal Time, Computer science, business.industry, General Engineering, Electrical engineering, 01 natural sciences, Atomic fountain, 010309 optics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

UTC(OP), the French national realization of the international coordinated universal time, was redesigned and rebuilt. The first step was the implementation in October 2012 of a new algorithm based on a H-maser and on atomic fountain data. Thanks to the new implementation, the stability of UTC(OP) was dramatically improved and UTC(OP) competes with the best time scales available today. Then the hardware generation and distribution of the UTC(OP) physical signals were replaced. Part of the new hardware is composed of commercial devices, but the key elements were specifically developed. One of them is a special switch that allows the UTC(OP) signals to be derived from one of two time scales, based on two different H-masers, which are generated simultaneously. This insures the continuity of the UTC(OP) signal even when a change of the reference H-maser is required. With the new hardware implementation, UTC(OP) is made available through three coherent signals: 100 MHz, 10 MHz and 1 PPS. For more than 3 years, UTC(OP) remained well below 10 ns close to UTC, with a difference even less than 5 ns if we except a short period around MJD 56650.

Published
2016
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2. First international comparison of fountain primary frequency standards via a long distance optical fiber link

Author

Heiner Denker, M. Lours, Sébastien Bize, Sebastian Koke, Gesine Grosche, Y. Le Coq, Anne Amy-Klein, Daniele Nicolodi, Christian Chardonnet, Burghard Lipphardt, Giorgio Santarelli, J. Guena, Paul-Eric Pottie, S. M. F. Raupach, M. Abgrall, Peter Rosenbusch, Nicolas Quintin, Christian Grebing, Stefan Weyers, F. Meynadier, R. Le Targat, Fabrice Wiotte, A. Kuhl, Nicola Chiodo, Emilie Camisard, Olivier Lopez, Vladislav Gerginov, Fabio Stefani, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt [Braunschweig] (PTB), Institut für Erdmessung, Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIP RENATER, RENATER, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Labex First-TF ANR-10-LABX-48-01, Equipex REFIMEVE+ ANR-11-EQPX-0039), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Conseil Régional Ile-de-France (DIM Nano'K), CNRS with Action Spécifique GRAM, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the CRC 1128, ANR-11-BS04-0009,LIOM,Lien optique multiplexé pour la métrologie et la physique fondamentale(2011), European Project: SIB02, European Project: SIB55, European Project: 15SIB05, Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Optical fiber, International Atomic Time, Frequency standards, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Optical link, Frequency standard, 01 natural sciences, Primary frequency standard, Physics - Atomic Physics, law.invention, Optical fiber frequency transfer, Optical frequency standard, Engineering (all), law, Transfer (computing), ddc:550, Atomic fountain clocks, International fountain clock comparison, Hyperfine structure, Clocks, Physics, primary standard, General Engineering, Redefinition of the seconds, time and frequency metrology, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physikalisch-technische bundesanstalt, Clock comparisons, optical fiber link, Fibers, Atomic physics, International atomic time (TAI), Standards, atomic clock, Atomic clocks, Frequency transfer, Ground state, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Natural frequencies, 010309 optics, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Optical fibers, 010306 general physics, Rubidium, Computational physics, Optical materials, Fountain, Satellite links
Abstract

We report on the first comparison of distant caesium fountain primary frequency standards (PFSs) via an optical fiber link. The 1415 km long optical link connects two PFSs at LNE-SYRTE (Laboratoire National de m\'{e}trologie et d'Essais - SYst\`{e}me de R\'{e}f\'{e}rences Temps-Espace) in Paris (France) with two at PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) in Braunschweig (Germany). For a long time, these PFSs have been major contributors to accuracy of the International Atomic Time (TAI), with stated accuracies of around $3\times 10^{-16}$. They have also been the references for a number of absolute measurements of clock transition frequencies in various optical frequency standards in view of a future redefinition of the second. The phase coherent optical frequency transfer via a stabilized telecom fiber link enables far better resolution than any other means of frequency transfer based on satellite links. The agreement for each pair of distant fountains compared is well within the combined uncertainty of a few 10$^{-16}$ for all the comparisons, which fully supports the stated PFSs' uncertainties. The comparison also includes a rubidium fountain frequency standard participating in the steering of TAI and enables a new absolute determination of the $^{87}$Rb ground state hyperfine transition frequency with an uncertainty of $3.1\times 10^{-16}$. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Andr\'{e} Clairon, who passed away on the 24$^{th}$ of December 2015, for his pioneering and long-lasting efforts in atomic fountains. He also pioneered optical links from as early as 1997.

Published
2017
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3. Optical to microwave clock frequency ratios with a nearly continuous strontium optical lattice clock

Author

Daniele Nicolodi, E. Bookjans, Sébastien Bize, Jean-Luc Robyr, Yann Le Coq, J. Guena, S. Bilicki, Peter Rosenbusch, M. Abgrall, Rodolphe Le Targat, Gregoire Vallet, Chunyan Shi, Jérôme Lodewyck, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Time delay and integration, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Optical lattice, Strontium, business.industry, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Clock rate, General Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Metrology, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010309 optics, Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, Optics, Reliability (semiconductor), chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, Order of magnitude, Microwave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Optical lattice clocks are at the forefront of frequency metrology. Both the instability and systematic uncertainty of these clocks have been reported to be two orders of magnitude smaller than the best microwave clocks. For this reason, a redefinition of the SI second based on optical clocks seems possible in the near future. However, the operation of optical lattice clocks has not yet reached the reliability that microwave clocks have achieved so far. In this paper, we report on the operation of a strontium optical lattice clock that spans several weeks, with more than 80% uptime. We make use of this long integration time to demonstrate a reproducible measurement of frequency ratios between the strontium clock transition and microwave Cs primary and Rb secondary frequency standards.

Published
2016
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4. Time and frequency activities at LNE-SYRTE related to global navigation satellite systems

Author

G. D. Rovera, M. Abgrall, Ph. Laurent, Peter Rosenbusch, Sébastien Bize, B. Chupin, J. Guéna, P. Uhrich, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], GNSS augmentation, Computer science, business.industry, Real-time computing, RINEX, 01 natural sciences, Synchronization, 010309 optics, Time to first fix, symbols.namesake, GNSS applications, 0103 physical sciences, Global Positioning System, Galileo (satellite navigation), symbols, Satellite navigation, business, 010301 acoustics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Remote sensing
Abstract

In modern navigation systems the distance measurements are based on the time spent by the information along the path between the emitter and the receiver. In all GNSS the user only receives signals broadcast from satellites, and the synchronization between all the clocks is crucial. The need of synchronization can be considered from two different point of view. In case of navigation the user must know in real time the time offset of each satellite with respect to a common time scale, like GPS system time or Galileo system time. In case of geodetic data analysis, made a-posteriori, the user will need a similar information but with a higher precision. One example are the data published by IGS that allow the estimation of the position at the millimeter level.

Published
2016
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5. Millimeter-long fiber Fabry-Perot cavities

Author

Klemens Schüppert, Jakob Reichel, Ralf Kohlhaas, Sébastien Garcia, Konstantin Ott, Romain Long, Peter Rosenbusch, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Optical fiber, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Curved mirror, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010309 optics, Finesse, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Fiber, 010306 general physics, Mode volume, Quantum Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Optoelectronics, Millimeter, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

International audience; We demonstrate fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) cavities with concave mirrors that can be operated at cavity lengths as large as 1.5 mm without significant deterioration of the finesse. This is achieved by using a laser dot machining technique to shape spherical mirrors with ultralow roughness and employing single-mode fibers with large mode area for good mode matching to the cavity. Additionally, in contrast to previous FFPs, these cavities can be used over an octave-spanning frequency range with adequate coatings. We also show directly that shape deviations caused by the fiber's index profile lead to a finesse decrease as observed in earlier attempts to build long FFP cavities, and show a way to overcome this problem.

Published
2016
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6. An optical lattice clock with spin-polarized 87Sr atoms

Author

X. Baillard, Pierre Lemonde, G. D. Rovera, Michel Abgrall, Peter Rosenbusch, Burghard Lipphardt, Rodolphe Le Targat, Harald Schnatz, Giorgio Santarelli, Mathilde Fouché, Philip G. Westergaard, Arnaud Lecallier, André Clairon, Gesine Grosche, F. Chapelet, Philippe Laurent, Sébastien Bize, Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt [Braunschweig] (PTB), Métrologie des fréquences optiques, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Références micro-ondes et échelles de temps, Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

Subjects
Physics, Optical lattice, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Frequency difference, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Clock transition, Atomic physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010306 general physics, Spin-½
Abstract

International audience; We present a new evaluation of an 87Sr optical lattice clock using spin polarized atoms. The frequency of the 1S0-->3P0 clock transition is found to be 429 228 004 229 873.6 Hz with a fractional uncertainty of 2.6×10-15, a value that is comparable to the frequency difference between the various primary standards throughout the world. This measurement is in excellent agreement with a previous one of similar accuracy [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 083002 (2007)].

Published
2007
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7. Atom chips for quantum sensing with cold thermal atoms

Author

Jakob Reichel, M. Ammar, M. Dupont-Nivet, Sylvain Schwartz, C. Westbrook, I. Bouchoule, L. Huet, C. Guerlin, Peter Rosenbusch, J.-P. Pocholle, Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES [France], Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Atom interferometer, Quantum sensor, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Interferometry, Chemical species, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, Astronomical interferometer, Physics::Atomic Physics, Matter wave, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Coherence (physics)
Abstract

International audience; We discuss the possibility of building a matter wave interferometer using thermal (i.e. non condensed) cold atoms trapped in the vicinity of an atom chip for quantum sensing of acceleration and gravity fields with reduced mean-field effects. To maintain a satisfactory level of coherence, a high degree of symmetry is required between the two arms of such an interferometer. We discuss this point quantitatively, and describe the experimental protocol we are developing for this purpose, based on internal state labeling and on the use of two parallel coplanar waveguides deposited on top of the atom chip to selectively address the potential of each internal state through microwave dressing. We also report our recent experimental work demonstrating the possibility of achieving a magneto-optical trap with some of the beams passing through the chip.

Published
2013
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8. Correction: Corrigendum: Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

Author

R. Gartman, Michel Abgrall, Jérôme Lodewyck, D. Rovera, Giorgio Santarelli, M. Lours, J. Guéna, Bartlomiej Nagorny, R. Le Targat, Philip G. Westergaard, Michal Zawada, Mikhail Gurov, P. Laurent, Pierre Lemonde, Michael E. Tobar, Y. Le Coq, S. Bize, Luca Lorini, Peter Rosenbusch, and André Clairon

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Strontium, Multidisciplinary, Clock rate, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Theoretical physics, chemistry, Quantum mechanics, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Nature Communications 4: Article number: 2109 (2013); Published: 9 July 2013; Updated: 31 October 2013. In the legend to Fig. 4c in this Article, references 47 and 48 were incorrectly included in a list of sources for 87Sr clock frequency measurements. The correct sources are Hong et al.49 and Yamaguchi et al.

Published
2013
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9. Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

Author

Michel Abgrall, B. Nagorny, Michal Zawada, R. Gartman, Jérôme Lodewyck, Giorgio Santarelli, M. Lours, D. Rovera, Philip G. Westergaard, Pierre Lemonde, Mikhail Gurov, Y. Le Coq, P. Laurent, Michael E. Tobar, André Clairon, J. Guéna, R. Le Targat, Peter Rosenbusch, S. Bize, Luca Lorini, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Hertzienne de l'ENS (LSH-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Western Australia (UWA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Strontium, Optical lattice, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Theoretical models, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Atomic clock, Computational physics, 010309 optics, Optics, chemistry, Caesium, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, Fundamental physics, 010306 general physics, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Microwave
Abstract

International audience; Progress in realizing the SI second had multiple technological impacts and enabled further constraint of theoretical models in fundamental physics. Caesium microwave fountains, realizing best the second according to its current definition with a relative uncertainty of 2-4 Â 10 À 16 , have already been overtaken by atomic clocks referenced to an optical transition, which are both more stable and more accurate. Here we present an important step in the direction of a possible new definition of the second. Our system of five clocks connects with an unprecedented consistency the optical and the microwave worlds. For the first time, two state-of-the-art strontium optical lattice clocks are proven to agree within their accuracy budget, with a total uncertainty of 1.5 Â 10 À 16. Their comparison with three independent caesium fountains shows a degree of accuracy now only limited by the best realizations of the microwave-defined second, at the level of 3.1 Â 10 À 16 .

Published
2013
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10. Testing local position and fundamental constant invariance due to periodic gravitation and boost using long-term comparison of the SYRTE atomic fountains and H-masers

Author

P. Laurent, Michael E. Tobar, Michel Abgrall, J. Guéna, Peter Rosenbusch, D. Rovera, John J. McFerran, André Clairon, Paul L. Stanwix, S. Bize, Giorgio Santarelli, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Hertzienne de l'ENS (LSH-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Fine-structure constant, Electron, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Rest frame, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational potential, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Beta (velocity), Atomic physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The frequencies of three separate Cs fountain clocks and one Rb fountain clock have been compared to various hydrogen masers to search for periodic changes correlated with the changing solar gravitational potential at the Earth and boost with respect to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) rest frame. The data sets span over more than eight years. The main sources of long-term noise in such experiments are the offsets and linear drifts associated with the various H-masers. The drift can vary from nearly immeasurable to as high as 1.3*10^-15 per day. To circumvent these effects we apply a numerical derivative to the data, which significantly reduces the standard error when searching for periodic signals. We determine a standard error for the putative Local Position Invariance (LPI) coefficient with respect to gravity for a Cs-Fountain H-maser comparison of 4.8*10^-6 and 10^-5 for a Rb-Fountain H-maser comparison. From the same data the putative boost LPI coefficients were measured to a precision of up to parts in 10^11 with respect to the CMB rest frame. By combining these boost invariance experiments to a Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillator versus H-maser comparison, independent limits on all nine coefficients of the boost violation vector with respect to fundamental constant invariance (fine structure constant, electron mass and quark mass respectively), were determined to a precision of parts up to 10^10., Comment: accepted for publication in Phys Rev D

Published
2013
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11. Improved Tests of Local Position Invariance UsingRb87andCs133Fountains

Author

Michael E. Tobar, Sébastien Bize, J. Guena, Ph. Laurent, Michel Abgrall, Peter Rosenbusch, André Clairon, and Daniele Rovera

Subjects
Physics, Quark, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Atomic fountain, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Gravitational potential, Position (vector), Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Limit (mathematics), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Ground state, Hyperfine structure
Abstract

We report tests of local position invariance based on measurements of the ratio of the ground state hyperfine frequencies of 133Cs and 87Rb in laser-cooled atomic fountain clocks. Measurements extending over 14 years set a stringent limit to a possible variation with time of this ratio: d ln(ν(Rb)/ν(Cs))/dt=(-1.39±0.91)×10(-16) yr(-1). This improves by a factor of 7.7 over our previous report [H. Marion et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 150801 (2003)]. Our measurements also set the first limit to a fractional variation of the Rb/Cs frequency ratio with gravitational potential at the level of c(2)d ln(ν(Rb)/ν(Cs))/dU=(0.11±1.04)×10(-6), providing a new stringent differential redshift test. The above limits equivalently apply to the fractional variation of the quantity α(-0.49)(g(Rb)/g(Cs)), which involves the fine-structure constant α and the ratio of the nuclear g-factors of the two alkalis. The link with variations of the light quark mass is also presented together with a global analysis combining other available highly accurate clock comparisons.

Published
2012
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12. Spin waves and Collisional Frequency Shifts of a Trapped-Atom Clock

Author

Christian Deutsch, Wilfried Maineult, Jakob Reichel, Peter Rosenbusch, Kurt Gibble, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Optical lattice, Quantum Physics, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Fermion, 01 natural sciences, Atomic clock, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Pulse (physics), Physics - Atomic Physics, Spin wave, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Quantum statistical mechanics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hyperfine structure, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spin-½
Abstract

We excite spin-waves with spatially inhomogeneous pulses and study the resulting frequency shifts of a chip-scale atomic clock of trapped $^{87}$Rb. The density-dependent frequency shifts of the hyperfine transition simulate the s-wave collisional frequency shifts of fermions, including those of optical lattice clocks. As the spin polarizations oscillate in the trap, the frequency shift reverses and it depends on the area of the second Ramsey pulse, exhibiting a predicted beyond mean-field frequency shift. Numerical and analytic models illustrate the observed behaviors., Will appear soon in Physical Review Letters - Typos corrected

Published
2012
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13. Spin self-rephasing and very long coherence times in a trapped atomic ensemble

Author

F. Piéchon, Peter Rosenbusch, T. Schneider, Clément Lacroûte, Friedemann Reinhard, Franck Laloë, F. Ramirez-Martinez, Jean-Noël Fuchs, Jakob Reichel, Christian Deutsch, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interférométrie Atomique et Capteurs Inertiels, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Références micro-ondes et échelles de temps, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laloë, Franck, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics - Atomic Physics, Particle decay, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, effet de rotation des spins identiques, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Quantum statistical mechanics, puces à atomes, ondes de spin, [PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Physics, Quantum Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 3. Good health, Magnetic field, horloges atomiques, Knudsen number, Atomic physics, Ground state, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Coherence (physics)
Abstract

We perform Ramsey spectroscopy on the ground state of ultra-cold 87Rb atoms magnetically trapped on a chip in the Knudsen regime. Field inhomogeneities over the sample should limit the 1/e contrast decay time to about 3 s, while decay times of 58 s are actually observed. We explain this surprising result by a spin self-rephasing mechanism induced by the identical spin rotation effect originating from particle indistinguishability. We propose a theory of this synchronization mechanism and obtain good agreement with the experimental observations. The effect is general and susceptible to appear in other physical systems., Comment: Revised version; improved description of the theoretical treatment

Published
2010
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14. Scissors mode of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate

Author

Marco Cozzini, Sandro Stringari, Jean Dalibard, Vincent Bretin, Peter Rosenbusch, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Condensed matter physics, Rotational symmetry, FOS: Physical sciences, Angular velocity, 01 natural sciences, Omega, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Harmonic, Perpendicular, Symmetry breaking, [PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech], 010306 general physics, Axial symmetry, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Bose–Einstein condensate
Abstract

A scissors mode of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The condensate is confined in an axi-symmetric harmonic trap, superimposed with a small rotating deformation. For angular velocities larger than $\omega_\perp/\sqrt2 $, where $\omega_\perp$ is the radial trap frequency, the frequency of the scissors mode is predicted to vanish like the square root of the deformation, due to the tendency of the system to exhibit spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking. Measurements of the frequency confirm the predictions of theory. Accompanying characteristic oscillations of the internal shape of the condensate are also calculated and observed experimentally., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRA Rapid Communication

Published
2003
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15. Dynamics of a Single Vortex Line in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

Author

Peter Rosenbusch, Jean Dalibard, V. Bretin, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Angular momentum, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Condensed matter physics, Dynamics (mechanics), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Trapping, Function (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Vortex, law, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, [PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech], 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Bose–Einstein condensate, Line (formation)
Abstract

We study experimentally the line of a single quantized vortex in a rotating prolate Bose-Einstein condensate confined by a harmonic potential. In agreement with predictions, we find that the vortex line is in most cases curved at the ends. We monitor the vortex line leaving the condensate. Its length is measured as a function of time and temperature. For a low temperature, the survival time can be as large as 10 seconds. The length of the line and its deviation from the center of the trap are related to the angular momentum per particle along the condensate axis., 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL

Published
2002
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16. Critical rotation of a harmonically trapped Bose gas

Author

Gora Shlyapnikov, Subhasis Sinha, Peter Rosenbusch, Dmitry S. Petrov, Jean Dalibard, Vincent Bretin, Frédéric Chevy, Yvan Castin, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Bose gas, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Condensed Matter::Other, media_common.quotation_subject, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Critical value, Rotation, Infinity, Rigid body, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Trap (computing), Classical mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), [PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech], 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], media_common
Abstract

We study experimentally and theoretically a cold trapped Bose gas under critical rotation, i.e. with a rotation frequency close to the frequency of the radial confinement. We identify two regimes: the regime of explosion where the cloud expands to infinity in one direction, and the regime where the condensate spirals out of the trap as a rigid body. The former is realized for a dilute cloud, and the latter for a Bose-Einstein condensate with the interparticle interaction exceeding a critical value. This constitutes a novel system in which repulsive interactions help in maintaining particles together., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL

Published
2002
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17. Transverse breathing mode of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate

Author

Vincent Bretin, Jean Dalibard, Kirk W. Madison, Peter Rosenbusch, Frédéric Chevy, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mathematics::Number Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Omega, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Rubidium, law.invention, Quality (physics), law, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), [PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech], 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Angular frequency, Condensed matter physics, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Oscillation, Transverse plane, chemistry, Atomic physics, Bose–Einstein condensate, Excitation
Abstract

We study experimentally the transverse monopole mode of an elongated rubidium condensate. Due to the scaling invariance of the non-linear Schr\"odinger (Gross-Pitaevski) equation, the oscillation is monochromatic and sinusoidal at short times, even under strong excitation. For ultra-low temperatures, the quality factor $Q=\omega_0/\gamma_0$ can exceed 2000, where $\omega_0$ and $\gamma_0$ are the mode angular frequency and damping rate. This value is much larger than any previously reported for other eigenmodes of a condensate. We also present the temperature variation of $\omega_0$ and $\gamma_0$., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL

Published
2001

18. Cold Atom Clocks, Precision Oscillators and Fundamental Tests

Author

H. Marion, Luigi Cacciapuoti, C. Vian, Michel Abgrall, André Clairon, Sébastien Bize, J. Grünert, Andre N. Luiten, Giorgio Santarelli, Christophe Salomon, S. Zhang, Peter Rosenbusch, I. Maksimovic, Ph. Laurent, Pierre Lemonde, C. Mandache, F. Pereira Dos Santos, Peter Wolf, Michael E. Tobar, and Yvan R. P. Sortais

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Lorentz covariance, Hydrogen maser, 01 natural sciences, Computational physics, Standard-Model Extension, Ultracold atom, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Sapphire, Fundamental Constant, Physics::Atomic Physics, Equivalence principle, 010306 general physics, Hyperfine structure
Abstract

We describe two experimental tests of the Equivalence Principle that are based on frequency measurements between precision oscillators and/or highly accurate atomic frequency standards. Based on comparisons between the hyperfine frequencies of 8 7 Rb and 1 3 3 Cs in atomic fountains, the first experiment constrains the variability of fundamental constant. The second experiment is based on a comparison between a cryogenic sapphire oscillator and a hydrogen maser. It tests Local Lorentz Invariance. In both cases, we report recent results which improve significantly over previous experiments.

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