1. The MoN–TaN system: Role of vacancies in phase stability and mechanical properties
- Author
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L. Lobmaier, F.F. Klimashin, David Holec, Paul H. Mayrhofer, and Nikola Koutná
- Subjects
Materials science ,Analytical chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Crystal structure ,010402 general chemistry ,Mo-Ta-N ,01 natural sciences ,Indentation hardness ,Hardness ,Sputtering ,Vacancy defect ,lcsh:TA401-492 ,General Materials Science ,Tie line ,Vacancies ,Stress engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Hexagonal phase ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Crystallographic defect ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,Apparent fracture toughness ,0210 nano-technology ,Solid solution - Abstract
Face-centred cubic (fcc-) Mo N and Ta N exhibit an inherent driving force for vacancy formation. To study their interaction and effects on structural evolution and mechanical properties, we synthesised Mo–Ta–N coatings by reactive magnetron sputtering using nitrogen-to-total pressure ratios, pN2/pT, of 0.32 and 0.69. Low pN2/pT results in high concentration of N vacancies, which stabilise single-phase fcc-Mo1-xTaxNy up to x = 0.76. These solid solutions follow the MoN0.5–Ta0.875N0.875 quasi-binary tie line. Compressive residual stresses, σ, indentation hardness, H, and toughness, KC, increase with Ta content, reaching their maxima of (on average) -2.0 GPa, 28 GPa, and 7.0 MPa√m, respectively, within the x range 0.38–0.69. Higher Ta contents favour higher concentration of metal vacancies deteriorating the properties. High pN2/pT favours the formation of fcc-Mo1-xTaxNy rich in metal vacancies, which however always coexists with a hexagonal phase. Within the x range 0.33–0.66, the fraction of the hexagonal phase is negligible, and σ, H, and KC deviate from −1.0 GPa, 28 GPa, and 2.9 MPa√m, respectively, within the error of measurements. The combination of experimental and theoretical studies demonstrates the power of point defects in stabilising desired crystal structures and improving mechanical properties through the thereby tuned atomic configuration.
- Published
- 2021