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1. Contrasting impacts of climate change on connectivity and larval recruitment to estuarine nursery areas

Author

Maud Pierre, Henrique N. Cabral, Susanne E. Tanner, Ana Teles-Machado, Patrick Reis-Santos, Mario Lepage, Jérémy Lobry, Hilaire Drouineau, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), University of Adelaide, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), and Fundaçao para a Ciencia e a Tec-nologia (FCT) via strategic (UID/MAR/04292/2020)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population structure, Nurseries, Temperature salinity diagrams, Climate change, Aquatic Science, Larval dispersal, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Marine-estuarine, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Larva, Connectivity, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Iberian coast, Soleá, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, North Atlantic, Geology, Estuary, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, Oceanography, opportunist fishes, Estuarine recruitment, 13. Climate action, Biological dispersal, Dicentrarchus
Abstract

International audience; Connectivity between spawning grounds and recruitment areas of marine fish species drives population structure and dynamics, and may be affected by climate-induced changes in oceanographic processes. We analysed the variability in recruitment success of larvae to estuarine nursery areas along the Iberian Atlantic coast of four fish species with distinct spawning grounds and periods (Solea solea, Solea senegalensis, Platichthys flesus and Dicentrarchus labrax). Concomitantly, we explored the variations in connectivity patterns between "cold" and "warm" year archetypes. We used a three-dimensional Lagrangian transport particle-tracking model integrating time series of velocity, temperature and salinity fields archived from the Regional Ocean Modelling System. We simulated individual larval dispersal, over extended spawning periods, from multiple coastal spawning areas to estuarine recruitment areas over 20 years (1989-2008). Overall, high inter-and intra-annual variation were found for all species. Nonetheless, highest overall average recruitment estimates were obtained for S. solea and D. labrax (with 7.3% and 5.7% of the particles released in spawning areas reaching a recruitment area, respectively) compared to S. senegalensis and P. flesus (3.4% and 1.7%, respectively). Recruitment estimates were overall higher at earlier spawning dates but peak values occurred at later spawning events. Regarding spawning origin, particles that recruited to the northern part of the Iberian coast were mainly from southern source areas. For estuarine systems located in southern Portugal, the relative contributions of northern and southern coastal spawning areas were more balanced, or with a preponderance of northern spawning areas (namely for S. senegalensis and D. labrax). Recruitment was higher in "warm" years compared to "cold" years, except for P. flesus for which nil recruitment was registered in the southern Iberian coast during "warm" years. Larvae also travelled farther in "warm" years compared to "cold" years. Ultimately, understanding how oceanographic conditions govern larval recruitment to estuarine nursery areas is pivotal to forecast the potential impacts of climate change on species with segregated life histories, and will underpin long term management and safeguarding of estuarine nursery role.

Published
2021
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2. Historical Data in the CoastNet Geoportal: Documenting Fish Assemblages in Portuguese Estuaries

Author

Susana França, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Susanne E. Tanner, Rita P. Vasconcelos, Patrick Reis-Santos, Anabela Maia, Miguel Ruano, Inês Cardoso, Sofia Henriques, Miguel Pessanha Pais, Pedro Brandão, Ana C. Brito, Paola Castellanos, Paula Chainho, Bernardo Quintella, Luís da Costa, Maria José Costa, José Lino Costa, Henrique N. Cabral, UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA MARE LISBOA PRT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project, and Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, CoastNet research infrastructure, global changes, Science, Estuarine ecosystems, Ocean Engineering, QH1-199.5, Aquatic Science, estuarine fish communities, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Estuary, language.human_language, Fishery, estuarine ecosystems, historical data, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, language, %22">Fish , Portuguese, Geoportal
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021
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3. Determining natal origin for improved management of Atlantic bluefin tuna

Author

Jean-Marc Fromentin, John F. Walter, David E. Richardson, Fambaye N Sow, Matthew V. Lauretta, Işık Oray, Joseph M. Quattro, Noureddine Abid, José Luis Varela, Leif Nøttestad, Francisco Alemany, Simeon Deguara, Molly Lutcavage, Pedro J Pascual-Alayón, Miguel N. Santos, Nicolas Goñi, Yohei Tsukahara, Natalia Díaz-Arce, F. Saadet Karakulak, Jay R. Rooker, Alex Hanke, Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta, Piero Addis, Haritz Arrizabalaga, Tomoyuki Itoh, James S. Franks, Igaratza Fraile, AZTI - Tecnalia, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Texas A&M University [College Station], Institute of Marine Research [Bergen] (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, University of Southern Mississippi (USM), AquaBioTech Ltd, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Department of Biology [Univ. of Cadiz], University of Cadiz, Acadia University, Institut National de Recherche Halieutique de Tanger (INRH), Centro Oceanografico de Baleares (IEO), Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Istanbul University, University of South Carolina [Columbia], Centre de Recherche Océanographique de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA), National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, National Research Institut of Far Seas Fisheries, Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, IEO, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), ICCAT, University of Massachusetts [Boston] (UMass Boston), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AquaBioTech Group [Malta], and Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, Sede Central IEO, Fish stock, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Marine fisheries, 14. Life underwater, Population-structure, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Stock (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, Fishery, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Natal homing, Geography, Sustainable management, [SDV.SA.STP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of fishery, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Tuna
Abstract

Effective sustainable management of marine fisheries requires that assessed management units (that is, fish stocks) correspond to biological populations. This issue has long been discussed in the context of Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT, Thunnus thynnus) management, which currently considers two unmixed stocks but does not take into account how individuals born in each of the two main spawning grounds (Gulf of Mexico and Mediterranean Sea) mix in feeding aggregations throughout the Atlantic Ocean. Using thousands of genome-wide molecular markers obtained from larvae and young of the year collected at the species’ main spawning grounds, we provide what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first direct genetic evidence for “natal homing” in ABFT. This has facilitated the development of an accurate, cost-effective, and non-invasive tool for tracing the genetic origin of ABFT that allows for the assignment of catches to their population of origin, which is crucial for ensuring that ABFT management is based on biologically meaningful stock units rather than simply on catch location., Sí

Published
2019
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4. Food-web dynamics in the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem between 1986 and 2017: Unravelling drivers of sardine decline

Author

Henrique N. Cabral, T. Veiga-Malta, Alexandra Silva, Susana Garrido, Corina Chaves, M.A. Torres, Maria Manuel Angélico, Pedro Ré, L. Sobrinho-Gonçalves, B. Alcoforado, Dorota Szalaj, Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Instituto Espagňol de Oceanografia (IEO), DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecosystem modelling, Sardine fisheries, Aquatic Science, Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Hindcast analysis, Chub mackerel, Ecosystem model, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Medio Marino, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, fish, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Continental shelf, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, food, Sardine, Food webs, dynamics, biology.organism_classification, Food web, Fishery, continental shelves, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, rights, Ecopath with ecosim, Portuguese shelf
Abstract

The Ecopath food web model that describes the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem was fitted to available time series to investigate the ecosystem dynamics and decline of the Portuguese sardine stock. Our results showed that the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem model is a good predictor of biomass and catch time series trends for many species. Moreover, our results suggested that the main factors that drove the ecosystem dynamics were trophic interactions, fishing and environmental forcing (sea surface temperature). The same drivers were important in explaining sardine decline among which the largest contribution was observed when incorporating sea surface temperature forcing on adult sardine, followed by fishing. Moreover, sardine eggs predators (i.e., chub mackerel, horse mackerel and bogue) were emphasised as the most important among trophic interactions in explaining sardine trend between 1986 and 2017. Furthermore, a flow control hypothesis test, showed that model parametrization allows explaining sardine behaviour through wasp-waist control mechanism, characteristic for upwelling systems. This study represents an important step forward in understanding the changes that occurred in the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem and provides helpful insights to explain Portuguese sardine decline., SI

Published
2021
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5. Effects of scale on the assessment of fish biodiversity in the marine strategy framework directive context

Author

Teresa Moura, Inês Machado, Ivone Figueiredo, Henrique N. Cabral, José Lino Costa, Corina Chaves, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the project UIDB/04292/2020, granted to MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, and under the project UIDB/50019/2020, granted to IDL – Instituto Dom Luiz. The leading author has received funding support from the FCT through a PhD fellowship (PD/BD/135065/2017).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Spatial scales, Ecology (disciplines), Population, Biodiversity, General Decision Sciences, Context (language use), Biodiversity Environmental, 010501 environmental sciences, Marine Strategy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Framework Directive, Status Breakpoint and Trend Analysis, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Non-commercial fish species, Biomass (ecology), education.field_of_study, Ecology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Trend analysis, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, Scale (map)
Abstract

International audience; The Marine Strategy Framework Directive is undergoing its second implementation cycle while work is ongoingto promote further harmonization, especially regarding the European Commission standards on datasets, metrics, and thresholds. Even though spatial scales for Biodiversity descriptor criteria concerning fish are set by theDirective at subdivision of region, subregion or region level (depending on the fish species group), the scales ofthe assessment have never been confirmed across the multiple metrics, taxons and regions. In this work,Descriptor 1 – Biodiversity and Criterion 2 – Population abundance of the species (D1C2) was evaluated andcompared for six non-commercial fish species, at five geographical scales in the Portuguese Continental waters,to understand if scales used in the assessment affect species group status and hinder the establishment of adequate monitoring or management measures. For comparability purposes, the methods used were identical to theMSFD; a Breakpoint analysis combined with a Trend analysis of the last five years. Results showed that assessments at Portuguese continental Economic Exclusive Zone level mask local population patterns that were visible when smaller size scales were used, and that each species had different scale requirements. Argentyna sphyraena had low biomass index in the northern region of Aveiro, and species analysed in the Algarve region presented distinct patterns. Downsizing scales revealed that Microchirus variegatus was not in good status – i.e., below threshold - in the southern coastal area, requiring further attention to understand how pressures are impacting populations locally. Although the overall status of the species was maintained, when species assessment was integrated, smaller sized assessment scales are required to understand how populations respond to pressures locally and therefore how monitoring and management of status and pressures should be implemented. Results highlight the need to consider species biology, ecology and population dynamics to define precise scales of assessment and to identify areas of risk at locally relevant scales.

Published
2020
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6. Use of GNSS Tropospheric Products for Climate Monitoring (Working Group 3)

Author

Janusz Bogusz, Alberto Sá, S. Beirle, S. Nahmani, Zofia Baldysz, E. Pottiaux, Kyriakos Balidakis, D. Landskron, Rosa Pacione, José Antonio Guijarro, Marta Gruszczynska, R. Fernandes, M. Elias, Gunnar Elgered, B. Chimani, Olivier Bock, Tong Ning, C. Hackman, Grzegorz Nykiel, Katarzyna Stepniak, V. Mattioli, Wouter Dorigo, R. Van Malderen, E. Fionda, S. Zengin Kazancı, Robert Heinkelmann, Machiel Bos, Johannes Böhm, Andrzej Araszkiewicz, F. Ahmed, A. Ramos, Carla Barroso, H. Valentim, B. Mircheva, A. Xaver, M. Cadeddu, G. Stankunavicius, Jonathan Jones, Pedro Viterbo, J. P. Martins, Paul Rebischung, R. Nilsson, J. Berckmans, Mariusz Figurski, Harald Schuh, A. Parracho, Sophie Bastin, E. Brockmann, Anna Klos, Guergana Guerova, Jan Dousa, Pascal Willis, Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Centro di Geodesia Spaziale [Matera], Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Centre of Applied Geomatics [Warsaw], Military University of Technology, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] (IRM), Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation [Wien], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), University of Beira Interior [Portugal] (UBI), Federal Office of Topography Swisstopo, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik [Wien] (IMGW), Universität Wien, Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP), Research Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Topography, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, Department of Meteorology and Geophysics [Sofia], Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet), United States Naval Observatory (USNO), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), Centre of Excellence CETEMPS, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), The Swedish Mapping, Cadastral and Land Registration Authority, Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda (IPG), Vilnius University [Vilnius], Advanced Methods for Satellite Positioning Laboratory, University of Warmia and Mazury [Olsztyn], Jonathan Jones, Guergana Guerova, Jan Douša, Galina Dick, Siebren de Haan, Eric Pottiaux, Olivier Bock, Rosa Pacione, and Roeland van Malderen (eds)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Troposphere, 13. Climate action, GNSS applications, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Environmental science, Anomaly detection, Climate model, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; There has been growing interest in recent years in the use of homogeneously reprocessed ground-based GNSS, VLBI, and DORIS measurements for climate applications. Existing datasets are reviewed and the sensitivity of tropospheric estimates to the processing details is discussed. The uncertainty in the derived IWV estimates and linear trends is around 1 kg m−2 RMS and ± 0.3 kg m−2 per decade, respectively. Standardized methods for ZTD outlier detection and IWV conversion are proposed. The homogeneity of final time series is limited however by changes in the stations equipment and environment. Various homogenization algorithms have been evaluated based on a synthetic benchmark dataset. The uncertainty of trends estimated from the homogenized times series is estimated to ±0.5 kg m−2 per decade. Reprocessed GNSS IWV data are analysed along with satellites data, reanalyses and global and regional climate model simulations. A selection of global and regional reprocessed GNSS datasets and ERA-interim reanalysis are made available through the GOP-TropDB tropospheric database and online service. A new tropo SINEX format, providing new features and simplifications, was developed and it is going to be adopted by all the IAG services.

Published
2020
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7. Single and multiple excitations in double-core-hole states of free water molecules

Author

Renaud Guillemin, Maria Novella Piancastelli, M. Simon, Stéphane Carniato, Denis Céolin, J. Martins, I. Ismail, Gildas Goldsztejn, Tatiana Marchenko, Dimitris Koulentianos, Oksana Travnikova, Ralph Püttner, L. Journel, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), and Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Binding energy, water, electron spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Electron spectroscopy, Molecular physics, double-corehole, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, HAXPES, 010306 general physics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Core (optical fiber), hard x-rays, Excited state, Absorption (chemistry), Ionization energy, 0210 nano-technology, shake-up processes, Excitation, dissociation dynamics
Abstract

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the double-core-hole photoelectron spectrum obtained in isolated water molecules irradiated with hard x-rays above the oxygen K −2 threshold. States of the type O K −2 V and multiply excited states are created by single-photon absorption and subsequent one-electron emission. A detailed analysis enabled by high experimental resolution reveals dissociative nuclear dynamics in the K −2 V pre-edge states. At the binding energies above the K −2 double-ionization potential, a complex spectral pattern is observed and attributed to highly excited states involving multiple shake-up excitation processes with the aid of state-of-the-art theoretical calculations. A strong broadening due to the nuclear motion indicates a highly dissociative nature of these multiply excited states, in agreement with the theoretical analysis.

Published
2020
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8. Species richness in North Atlantic fish: Process concealed by pattern

Author

Jón Sólmundsson, Didier Gascuel, Jónas P. Jonasson, Luis Gil de Sola, Jakov Dulčić, Jákup Reinert, Melita Peharda, Jan G. Hiddink, Heino O. Fock, Henrik Gislason, Mark R. Payne, Sanja Matić-Skoko, Lilja Stefansdottir, Nedo Vrgoč, F. Velasco, Corina Chaves, Cristina Silva, Remment ter Hofstede, Igor Isajlović, Andrey V. Dolgov, Hicham Masski, Gudrun Marteinsdottir, Maria de Fátima Borges, Anders Nielsen, Jeremy S. Collie, Teresa Bottari, Ole A Jørgensen, Kristján Kristinsson, Daniel E. Duplisea, Brian R. MacKenzie, DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Graduate School of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), RUSSIAN FEDERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FISHERIES AND OCEANOGRAPHY MOSCOW RUS, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries, Maurice-Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Thünen-Institute of Sea Fisheries, Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO). Centro Costero de Málaga, Muelle Pesquero s/n. 29.640 Fuengirola (Málaga), Spain, School of Ocean Sciences [Menai Bridge], Bangor University, MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE REYKJAVIK ISL, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, INRH, Faroe Marine Research Institute, INSTITUTO ESPANOL DE OCEANOGRAFIA SANTANDER ESP, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, abundance, biodiversity, density, marine fish, species size, temperature, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Abundance (ecology), SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, Pesquerías, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Global and Planetary Change, Extinction, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Generalized additive model, [SDV.SA.STP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of fishery, Environmental science, Species richness, Neutral theory of molecular evolution, Global biodiversity
Abstract

Aim: Previous analyses of marine fish species richness based on presence-absence data have shown changes with latitude and average species size, but little is known about the underlying processes. To elucidate these processes we use metabolic, neutral and descriptive statistical models to analyse how richness responds to maximum species length, fish abundance, temperature, primary production, depth, latitude and longitude, while accounting for differences in species catchability, sampling effort and mesh size. Data: Results from 53,382 bottom trawl hauls representing 50 fish assemblages. Location: The northern Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Guinea. Time period: 1977–2013. Methods: A descriptive generalized additive model was used to identify functional relationships between species richness and potential drivers, after which nonlinear estimation techniques were used to parameterize: (a) a ‘best’ fitting model of species richness built on the functional relationships, (b) an environmental model based on latitude, longitude and depth, and mechanistic models based on (c) metabolic and (d) neutral theory. Results: In the ‘best’ model the number of species observed is a lognormal function of maximum species length. It increases significantly with temperature, primary production, sampling effort, and abundance, and declines with depth and, for small species, with the mesh size in the trawl. The ‘best’ model explains close to 90% of the deviance and the neutral, metabolic and environmental models 89%. In all four models, maximum species length and either temperature or latitude account for more than half of the deviance explained. Main conclusions: The two mechanistic models explain the patterns in demersal fish species richness in the northern Atlantic almost equally well. A better understanding of the underlying drivers is likely to require development of dynamic mechanistic models of richness and size evolution, fit not only to extant distributions, but also to historical environmental conditions and to past speciation and extinction rates, Sí

Published
2020
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9. Surface and deep water variability in the Western Mediterranean (ODP Site 975) during insolation cycle 74: High-resolution calcareous plankton and molecular biomarker signals

Author

F. Bassinot, Teresa Rodrigues, Maria Marino, Emilia Salgueiro, Patrizia Maiorano, Ornella Quivelli, Fatima F Abrantes, Angela Girone, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Universita di Bari, Universidade do Porto, Dipartimento Geol & Geofis, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Marine isotope stage, Planktonic foraminifera, 010506 paleontology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Terrigenous biomarkers, Foraminifera, Coccolithophores, C-37-alkenones, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, MIS 19, Organic-rich layer, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sea level, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Total organic carbon, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, biology, Paleontology, Globigerina bulloides, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Surface water, Geology
Abstract

We reconstructed changes in productivity and surface/subsurface and deep-water dynamics in the Western Mediterranean through a multi-proxy study of Ocean Drilling Program Site 975 between late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 20 and early interglacial MIS 19. Our high-resolution study (down to similar to 200-year resolution) combines calcareous plankton assemblages (coccolithophores and foraminifera), biomarkers (C-37-alkenones, n-alkanes, n-alcohols) and elemental proxies (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, calcium carbonate). Surface water conditions are derived (i) from high-resolution delta O-18 and delta C-13 records obtained from the planktonic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides, and (ii) from summer and winter, foraminifera-based sea surface temperature reconstructions (SSTJAS-foram, SSTJFM-foram) achieved through transfer function. The integration of the whole dataset makes it possible to identify in the Balearic Sea, and to accurately characterize for the first time, an Organic Rich Layer (ORL) during latest MIS 20-early MIS 19, close to i-cycle 74. Its presence is marked firstly by higher values of total nitrogen (TN) and an increase of total C-37-alkenone and total organic carbon (TOC) preserved in the sediments. The multi-proxy approach reveals that the deglacial phase played a prominent role for ORL formation that was characterized by centennial scale phases. The alcohol preservation index (API) suggests that the shoaling of the circulation, which boosted marine productivity, started in the deglaciation and, in combination with freshening by Atlantic water inflow/riverine input and surface water buoyancy during sea level rising, culminated during the ORL event. At this time calcareous plankton proliferated on subsurface-surface waters, benefiting from ameliorating conditions, which promoted maximum marine productivity and higher organic matter preservation on the seafloor. Geoscience PhD scholarship, University degli Studi di Bari Fundacao para a Ciencia e a TecnologiaPortuguese Foundation for Science and TechnologyEuropean Commission [SFRH/BPD/111433/2015] dell'Universita degli Studi di Bari, Laboratorio per lo Sviluppo Integrato delle Scienze e delle Tecnologie dei Materiali Avanzati e per dispositivi innovativi (SISTEMA) [PONa3_00369] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2020
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10. Mariana serpentinite mud volcanism exhumes subducted seamount materials: implications for the origin of life

Author

R.T. Kevorkian, Barbara A. Bekins, Jeffrey G. Ryan, Shino Suzuki, Kevin T. M. Johnson, Roy E. Price, Walter Kurz, P. Eickenbusch, Diva J. Amon, Rui Zhang, Elmar Albers, Shirley A. Pomponi, John W. Shervais, S.S. Mantovanelli, C. Geoffrey Wheat, Jianghong Deng, Deborah Glickson, R.M. Johnston, Baptiste Debret, Emanuelle Frery, Jung-Woo Park, Katsuyoshi Michibayashi, B. Walter, Patricia Fryer, Olivier Sissmann, K.K. Mullane, Christopher Kelley, Yanhui Dong, Vitor Magalhães, Yuji Ichiyama, Ken Takai, Trevor Williams, C. D. Menzies, Craig L. Moyer, Walter Menapace, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), International Ocean Discovery Program, School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Florida, Tampa, USA, University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), NAWI Graz Geocentre, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Utah State University (USU), University of Bremen, United States Geological Survey (USGS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), School of Earth and Space Sciences [Hefei], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), CSIRO Division of Petroleum Resources, Kensington, Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Department of Earth Sciences [Chiba], Chiba University, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Oceanographic Institute, Univesidade de Sao Paulo, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Graduate School of Environmental Studies [Nagoya], Nagoya University, Western Washington University (WWU), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul] (SEES), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), State University of New York (SUNY), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (Xiamen University), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), National Academy of Sciences Washington, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute [Fort Pierce], and Florida Atlantic University [Boca Raton]

Subjects
geology, Mariana trench, Serpentinite mud volcanism, Subducted cretaceous seamounts, Exhumed microbes, Evolution of life, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], General Mathematics, Seamount, Origin of Life, Geochemistry, astrobiology, General Physics and Astronomy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Volcanism, Volcanic Eruptions, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, volcanology, Abiogenesis, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, evolution of life, Convergent boundary, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geochemistry, geography, Minerals, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, exhumed microbes, General Engineering, Articles, serpentinite mud volcanism, subducted cretaceous seamounts, 13. Climate action, plate tectonics, Mariana Trench, Ridge (meteorology), Geology, Research Article
Abstract

The subduction of seamounts and ridge features at convergent plate boundaries plays an important role in the deformation of the overriding plate and influences geochemical cycling and associated biological processes. Active serpentinization of forearc mantle and serpentinite mud volcanism on the Mariana forearc (between the trench and active volcanic arc) provides windows on subduction processes. Here, we present (1) the first observation of an extensive exposure of an undeformed Cretaceous seamount currently being subducted at the Mariana Trench inner slope; (2) vertical deformation of the forearc region related to subduction of Pacific Plate seamounts and thickened crust; (3) recovered Ocean Drilling Program and International Ocean Discovery Program cores of serpentinite mudflows that confirm exhumation of various Pacific Plate lithologies, including subducted reef limestone; (4) petrologic, geochemical and paleontological data from the cores that show that Pacific Plate seamount exhumation covers greater spatial and temporal extents; (5) the inference that microbial communities associated with serpentinite mud volcanism may also be exhumed from the subducted plate seafloor and/or seamounts; and (6) the implications for effects of these processes with regard to evolution of life. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Serpentine in the Earth system’.

Published
2020
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11. Cyanobacterial diversity held in microbial biological resource centers as a biotechnological asset: the case study of the newly established LEGE culture collection

Author

Maria Sofia Costa, Vitor Ramos, Bárbara Frazão, João Morais, Pedro N. Leão, Vitor Vasconcelos, Rosário Martins, Raquel Castelo-Branco, Ângela Maria Vieira Pinheiro, Sébastien Brûle, Ana Luísa Pereira, Ana Regueiras, Cristiana Moreira, Viviana R. Lopes, Joana Martins, Martin L. Saker, Silvia Maria Mathes Faustino, Joana Osswald, Dina Gomes, CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research [Matosinhos, Portugal] (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Uppsala University, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Université de Bretagne Sud - Lorient (UBS Lorient), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Universidade Federal do Amapà (UNIFAP), Instituto Politécnico do Porto = Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Alpha Environmental Solutions [Dubai], VR gratefully acknowledges financial support from a Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) fellowship SFRH/BD/80153/2011. The Project NOMORFILM has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 634588. Structured Program of R&D&I INNOVMAR-Innovation and Sustainability in the Management and Exploitation of Marine Resources (reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035, Research Line NOVELMAR), funded by the Northern Regional Operational Program (NORTE2020) through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). PNL acknowledges funding from FCT through contract (IF/01358/2014)., European Project: 634588,H2020,H2020-BG-2014-2,NOMORFILM(2015), Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Universidade do Porto, and Instituto Politécnico do Porto = Oporto Polytechnic Institute

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Biodiversity, Strains, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, Biological resource centers, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Cyanobacteria, Microbiology, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Teknik och teknologier, Botany, 14. Life underwater, Culture collection, Bioprospecting, Synechococcales, Phylogenetic tree, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Strain (biology), 16S ribosomal RNA, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Mikrobiologi, Phylogenetic diversity, Chemodiversity, 030104 developmental biology, GenBank, Engineering and Technology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Cyanobacteria are a well-known source of bioproducts which renders culturable strains a valuable resource for biotechnology purposes. We describe here the establishment of a cyanobacterial culture collection (CC) and present the first version of the strain catalog and its online database (http://lege.ciimar.up.pt/). The LEGE CC holds 386 strains, mainly collected in coastal (48%), estuarine (11%), and fresh (34%) water bodies, for the most part from Portugal (84%). By following the most recent taxonomic classification, LEGE CC strains were classified into at least 46 genera from six orders (41% belong to the Synechococcales), several of them are unique among the phylogenetic diversity of the cyanobacteria. For all strains, primary data were obtained and secondary data were surveyed and reviewed, which can be reached through the strain sheets either in the catalog or in the online database. An overview on the notable biodiversity of LEGE CC strains is showcased, including a searchable phylogenetic tree and images for all strains. With this work, 80% of the LEGE CC strains have now their 16S rRNA gene sequences deposited in GenBank. Also, based in primary data, it is demonstrated that several LEGE CC strains are a promising source of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Through a review of previously published data, it is exposed that LEGE CC strains have the potential or actual capacity to produce a variety of biotechnologically interesting compounds, including common cyanotoxins or unprecedented bioactive molecules. Phylogenetic diversity of LEGE CC strains does not entirely reflect chemodiversity. Further bioprospecting should, therefore, account for strain specificity of the valuable cyanobacterial holdings of LEGE CC. © 2018, The Author(s). Acknowledgements VR gratefully acknowledges financial support from a Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) fellowship SFRH/BD/ 80153/2011. The Project NOMORFILM has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 634588. Structured Program of R&D&I INNOVMAR-Innovation and Sustainability in the Management and Exploitation of Marine Resources (reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035, Research Line NOVELMAR), funded by the Northern Regional Operational Program (NORTE2020) through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). PNL acknowledges funding from FCT through contract (IF/01358/2014).

Published
2018
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12. Conflicts in the coastal zone : Human impacts on commercially important fish species utilizing coastal habitat

Author

Olivier Le Pape, Elliot John Brown, Francesco Colloca, Rita P. Vasconcelos, Karen E. van de Wolfshaar, Giacomo Millisenda, Josianne Støttrup, Ulf Bergström, Håkan Wennhage, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Wageningen Marine Research [The Netherlands], Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Mapping fish habitats, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], habitat loss, Fishing, coastal, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Onderzoeksformatie, ecosystem-based management, Anthropogenic pressure, Ecosystem, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Cumulative effects, habitat degradation, human activity, 15. Life on land, Fishery, Geography, Habitat, 13. Climate action, fisheries, [SDV.SA.STP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of fishery, Water quality, Fisheries management, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eutrophication
Abstract

Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [IF/00058/2013, PTDC/AAG-GLO/5849/2014, UID/MAR/04292/]; European Commission via National Programme for Biological Sampling (PNAB) integrated in the Data Collection Framework; Wageningen Marine Research This work was developed within the context of the ICES Working Group on the Value of Coastal Habitats for Exploited Species (WGVHES). We thank both ICES and all participants of the Working Group during 2014-2017. Contributors to this research were independently funded and supported: EJB was funded by the Danish Recreational Fishers Fund - Marine Fiskepleje and the Otto Monsted Fund; RPV was financed through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) via Investigador FCT Programme 2013 (IF/00058/2013), project PTDC/AAG-GLO/5849/2014 and project UID/MAR/04292/, and through European Commission via National Programme for Biological Sampling (PNAB) integrated in the Data Collection Framework, and KvdW was supported by Wageningen Marine Research.; International audience; Coastal ecosystems are ecologically, culturally, and economically important, and hence are under pressure from diverse human activities. We reviewed the literature for existing evidence of effects of human-induced habitat changes on exploited fish utilizing coastal habitats. We focused on fish species of the Northeast Atlantic for which fisheries advice is provided by International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) and which utilize coastal habitats for at least one life-history stage (LHS). We found that 92% of these species are impacted by human activity in at least one LHS while utilizing coastal habitat and 38% in multiple stages. Anthropogenic pressures most commonly shown to impact these fish species were toxicants and pollutants (75% of species). Eutrophication and anoxia, invasive species, and physical coastal development affected about half of the species (58, 54, and 42% of species, respectively), while indirect fishing impacts affected a minority (17% of species). Moreover, 71% of the ICES advice species that utilize coastal habitats face impacts from more than one pressure, implying cumulative effects. Given that three-fourths of the commercial landings come from fish species utilizing coastal habitats, there is an obvious need for a better understanding of the impacts that human activities cause in these habitats for the development of ecosystem-based fisheries management.

Published
2018
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13. A review of earth surface thermal radiation directionality observing and modeling: Historical development, current status and perspectives

Author

Biao Cao, Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry, Zunjian Bian, Wenfeng Zhan, Jean-Pierre Lagouarde, Yunyue Yu, Tian Hu, Hua Li, Jie Cheng, Qinhuo Liu, J.-L. Roujean, Frédéric Jacob, Isabel F. Trigo, Qing Xiao, Yongming Du, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth (RADI), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Nanjing University (NJU), NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Beijing Normal University (BNU), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Griffith University [Brisbane], Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), UMR1391, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Equipe Image - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image, Automatique et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University (JXAU), China Agricultural University (CAU), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, directional radiometric temperature, Soil Science, Magnitude (mathematics), 02 engineering and technology, Radiation, directional canopy emissivity, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, thermal anisotropy, Radiative transfer, thermal radiation directionality, Computers in Earth Sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, directional thermal emission, Geology, Snow, directional brightness temperature, angular anisotropy, 020801 environmental engineering, directional anisotropy, 13. Climate action, Thermal radiation, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Parametric model, Radiance, thermal emission directionality, Environmental science, land surface temperature anisotropy
Abstract

International audience; The Earth surface thermal infrared (TIR) radiation shows conspicuously an anisotropic behavior just like the bidirectional reflectance of visible and near infrared spectral domains. The importance of thermal radiation directionality (TRD) is being more and more widely recognized in the applications because of the magnitude of the effects generated. The effects of TRD were originally evidenced through experiments in 1962, showing that two sensors simultaneously measuring temperature of the same scene may get significantly different values when the viewing geometry is different. Such effect limits inter-comparison of measurement datasets and land surface temperature (LST) products acquired at different view angles, while raising the question of measurement reliability when used to characterize land surface processes. These early experiments fostered the development of modeling approaches to quantify TRD with the aim of developing a correction for Earth surface TIR radiation. Initiatives for pushing the analysis of TIR data through modeling have been lasted since 1970s. They were initially aimed at mimicking the observed TIR radiance with consideration of canopy structure, component emissivities and temperatures, and Earth surface energy exchange processes. Presently, observing the Earth surface TRD effect is still a challenging task because the TIR status changes rapidly. Firstly, a brief theoretical background and the basic radiative transfer equation are presented. Then, this paper reviews the historical development and current status of observing TRD in the laboratory, in-situ, from airborne and space-borne platforms. Accordingly, the TRD model development, including radiative transfer models, geometric models, hybrid models, 3D models, and parametric models are reviewed for surfaces of water, ice and sea, snow, barren lands, vegetation and urban landscapes, respectively. Next, we introduce three potential applications, including normalizing the LST products, estimating the hemispheric upward longwave radiation using multi-angular TIR observations and separating surface component temperatures. Finally, we give hints and directions for future research work. The last section summarizes the study and stresses three main conclusions.

Published
2019
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14. Environmental risks associated with contaminants of legacy and emerging concern at European aquaculture areas

Author

Triantafyllos A. Albanis, Vasiliki Boti, Kevin V. Thomas, Yann Aminot, Marianne Köck-Schulmeyer, António Marques, Elena Botteon, Federico Ferrari, Lia Godinho, Stephen J. Sayfritz, James W. Readman, Marinella Farré, M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz, Damià Barceló, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Roma] (Unicatt), University of Ioannina, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universidade do Porto, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, European Commission, Diaz-Cruz, M. Silvia, Barceló, Damià, Diaz-Cruz, M. Silvia [0000-0003-3331-4076], and Barceló, Damià [0000-0002-8873-0491]

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Sewage, Aquaculture, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Sea, Marine ecosystem, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Atlantic Ocean, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fluorocarbons, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Sediment, Estuary, General Medicine, Contamination, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Aquaculture contaminants of legacy and emerging concern, Europe, Acrylates, Alkanesulfonic Acids, 13. Climate action, Personal care products, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Contaminants of legacy and emerging concern, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Ecotoxicity, business, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The contamination of marine ecosystems by contaminants of emerging concern such as personal care products or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances is of increasing concern. This work assessed the concentrations of selected contaminants of emerging concern in water and sediment of European aquaculture areas, to evaluate their co-variation with legacy contaminants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and faecal biomarkers, and estimate the risks associated with their occurrence. The 9 study sites were selected in 7 European countries to be representative of the aquaculture activities of their region: 4 sites in the Atlantic Ocean and 5 in the Mediterranean Sea. Musks, UV filters, preservatives, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in at least one of the sites with regional differences. While personal care products appear to be the main component of the water contamination, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were mostly found in sediments. As expected, generally higher levels of personal care products were found in sewage impacted sites, urbanised coasts and estuaries. The risk assessment for water and sediment revealed a potential risk for the local aquatic environment from contaminants of both legacy and emerging concern, with a significant contribution of the UV filter octocrylene. Despite marginal contributions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the total concentrations, PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate) aqueous concentrations combined to its low ecotoxicity thresholds produced significant hazard quotients indicating a potential risk to the ecosystems., This study was financially supported by the SEA-on-a-CHIP project, funded from European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-OCEAN-2013) under grant agreement No. 614168. Antonio Marques is supported through the FCT Investigator program (IF).

Published
2019
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15. Local fishermen's perceptions of the usefulness of artificial reef ecosystem services in Portugal

Author

Amber Himes-Cornell, Miguel N. Santos, Jorge Ramos, Pedro G. Lino, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), ICCAT, MARE program, within the project 'Implantacao e estudo integrado de sistemas recifais', PROMAR program 'Elaboracao de estudos de caracterizacao do estado de colonizacao e impacto socioeconomico do recife artificial da Nazare' [02-PE/2011/GJ], FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology [UID/SOC/04020/2013], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Artificial reefs, Resource (biology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fishing, Biodiversity, lcsh:Medicine, Ecosystem Science, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ecosystem services, Stakeholders, Local fishermen, 14. Life underwater, Direct use value, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Indirect use value, Portugal, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, General Neuroscience, Environmental resource management, lcsh:R, General Medicine, Geography, Habitat, Software deployment, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science, Perception, Artificial reef, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Null hypothesis, Likert scales
Abstract

Proponents of artificial reef (AR) deployment are often motivated by the usefulness of such structures. The usefulness of ARs is related to their capability of providing ecosystem services/additional functions. We present two distinct Portuguese AR case studies: (1) The Nazaré reef off the central coast of Portugal and (2) the Oura reef off the Algarve coast. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with local fishermen in the fishing towns of Nazaré and Quarteira pre-and post-AR deployment. The main focus of the interviews was to understand fishermen's perception of AR usefulness (or lack thereof) in terms of nine ecosystem services/additional functions potentially provided by the ARs. We tested the null hypothesis that ARs do not provide additional ecosystem services/additional functions. When queried pre-AR deployment, fishermen indicated that ARs are most likely to provide three ecosystem services: "habitat and refuge," "biodiversity preservation" and "food production." Fishermen had similar perceptions post-deployment. For the Nazaré reef, fishermen tended to have a positive or neutral perception of ecosystem services/additional functions being provided by ARs. For the Oura reef, fishermen tended to have a mostly neutral perception of AR ecosystem services; however, there were also some positive and other negative perceptions. It was difficult for stakeholders to conceptualize some of the ecosystem services/additional functions provided by ARs prior to actively using them. As a result, some stakeholders changed their perception of the ecosystem services/additional functions after using the structures. These results indicate that stakeholders likely need to perceive ARs as useful in order for them to provide their support for AR installation. Likewise, their support is often needed to justify the use of public funds to install ARs, therefore making it imperative for resource managers to undertake similar interviews with fishermen when considering the use of ARs in other areas. MARE program, within the project "Implantacao e estudo integrado de sistemas recifais" PROMAR program "Elaboracao de estudos de caracterizacao do estado de colonizacao e impacto socioeconomico do recife artificial da Nazare" - 02-PE/2011/GJ info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2019
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16. The Li isotope composition of marine biogenic carbonates: Patterns and Mechanisms

Author

Clemens V. Ullmann, Justin B. Ries, Frank A. Corsetti, Mathieu Dellinger, Anthony R. Kampf, Robert A. Eagle, Jess F. Adkins, A. Joshua West, Guillaume Paris, Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann, Pedro Freitas, Marie-Laure Bagard, Alberto Pérez-Huerta, Department of Earth Sciences [USC Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Durham University, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), London Geochemistry and Isotope Centre, University of London [London], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck], Birkbeck College [University of London], University of Exeter, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] (AOS), University of California-University of California, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Northeastern University [Boston], University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, European Project: 682760,CONTROLPASTCO2, University of California (UC), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Biomineralization, Biogenic carbonates, lithium isotopes, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Brachiopods, Fractionation, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Foraminifera, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Li/Mg ratio, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Calcite, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Mollusks, biology, Isotope, Aragonite, ACL, mollusks, biology.organism_classification, biomineralization, Lithium isotopes, biogenic carbonates, Mytilus, es, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, engineering, Seawater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, brachiopods
Abstract

Little is known about the fractionation of Li isotopes during formation of biogenic carbonates, which form the most promising geological archives of past seawater composition. Here we investigated the Li isotope composition (delta Li-7) and Li/Ca ratios of organisms that are abundant in the Phanerozoic record: mollusks (mostly bivalves), echinoderms, and brachiopods. The measured samples include (i) modern calcite and aragonite shells from various species and natural environments (13 mollusk samples, 5 brachiopods and 3 echinoderms), and (ii) shells from mollusks grown under controlled conditions at various temperatures. When possible, the mollusk shell ultrastructure was micro-sampled in order to assess intra-shell heterogeneity. In this paper, we systematically characterize the influence of mineralogy, temperature, and biological processes on the delta Li-7 and Li/Ca of these shells and compare with published data for other taxa (foraminifera and corals). Aragonitic mollusks have the lowest delta Li-7, ranging from +16 to +22%, echinoderms have constant delta Li-7 of about +24%, brachiopods have delta Li-7 of +25 to +28%, and finally calcitic mollusks have the largest range and highest delta Li-7 values, ranging from +25% to +40%. Measured brachiopods have similar delta Li-7 compared to inorganic calcite precipitated from seawater (delta Li-7 of +27 to +29%), indicating minimum influence of vital effects, as also observed for other isotope systems and making them a potentially viable proxy of past seawater composition. Calcitic mollusks, on the contrary, are not a good archive for seawater paleo-delta Li-7 because many samples have significantly higher delta Li-7 values than inorganic calcite and display large interspecies variability, which suggests large vital effects. In addition, we observe very large intra-shell variability, in particular for mixed calcite-aragonite shells (over 20% variability), but also in mono-mineralic shells (up to 12% variability). Aragonitic bivalves have less variable delta Li-7 (7% variability) compared to calcitic mollusks, but with significantly lower delta Li-7 compared to inorganic aragonite, indicating the existence of vital effects. Bivalves grown at various temperatures show that temperature has only a minor influence on fractionation of Li isotopes during shell precipitation. Interestingly, we observe a strong correlation (R-2 = 0.83) between the Li/Mg ratio in bivalve Mytilus edulis and temperature, with potential implications for paleo-temperature reconstructions. Finally, we observe a negative correlation between the delta Li-7 and both the Li/Ca and Mg/Ca ratio of calcite mollusks, which we relate to biomineralization processes. To explain this correlation, we propose preferential removal of 6 Li from the calcification site of calcite mollusks by physiological processes corresponding to the regulation of the amount of Mg in the calcifying medium. We calculate that up to 80% of the initial Li within the calcification site is removed by this process, leading to high delta Li-7 and low Li/Ca in some calcite mollusk specimens. Collectively, these results suggest that Mg (and thus [Li]) is strongly biologically controlled within the calcifying medium of calcite mollusks. Overall, the results of this study show that brachiopods are likely to be suitable targets for future work on the determination of paleo-seawater Li isotope composition-an emerging proxy for past weathering and hydrothermal processes.

Published
2018
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17. Reconciling differences in natural tags to infer demographic and genetic connectivity in marine fish populations

Author

Henrique N. Cabral, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Susanne E. Tanner, Montse Pérez, Maria Ana Aboim, Patrick Reis-Santos, Grégory Charrier, Pablo Presa, Jean Laroche, Rita P. Vasconcelos, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), School of Biological Sciences [Adelaïde], University of Adelaide, Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Vigo, ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida = University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences (ISPA), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental change, lcsh:Medicine, Flounder, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, baltic sea, lcsh:Science, 3105 Peces y Fauna Silvestre, Atlantic Ocean, Otolith, education.field_of_study, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, integrated approach, medicine.anatomical_structure, cod gadus-morhua, Biocomplexity, 3105.10 Dinámica de las Poblaciones, Microsatellite, Genetic Markers, Genotype, Population, chemistry, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, quality-assurance, medicine, Animals, 14. Life underwater, EUROPEAN FLOUNDER, education, otolith reference material, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, biology.organism_classification, Genetic marker, physiological influences, 2409.03 Genética de Poblaciones, northeast atlantic, flounder platichthys-flesus, lcsh:Q, stock delineation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Processes regulating population connectivity are complex, ranging from extrinsic environmental factors to intrinsic individual based features, and are a major force shaping the persistence of fish species and population responses to harvesting and environmental change. Here we developed an integrated assessment of demographic and genetic connectivity of European flounder Platichthys flesus in the northeast Atlantic (from the Norwegian to the Portuguese coast) and Baltic Sea. Specifically, we used a Bayesian infinite mixture model to infer the most likely number of natal sources of individuals based on otolith near core chemical composition. Simultaneously, we characterised genetic connectivity via microsatellite DNA markers, and evaluated how the combined use of natural tags informed individual movement and long-term population exchange rates. Individual markers provided different insights on movement, with otolith chemistry delineating Norwegian and Baltic Sea sources, whilst genetic markers showed a latitudinal pattern which distinguished southern peripheral populations along the Iberian coast. Overall, the integrated use of natural tags resulted in outcomes that were not readily anticipated by individual movement or gene flow markers alone. Our ecological and evolutionary approach provided a synergistic view on connectivity, which will be paramount to align biological and management units and safeguard species’ biocomplexity Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. UID/MAR/04292/2013 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. PTDC/AAG-GLO/5849/2014 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. PTDC/MAR-EST/2098/2014

Published
2017
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18. Stakeholders' conceptualization of offshore aquaculture and small-scale fisheries interactions using a Bayesian approach

Author

Miguel Caetano, Jorge Ramos, Amber Himes-Cornell, Miguel N. Santos, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), ICCAT, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Artificial reefs, Economic-analysis, Fishing, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Livelihood, Stakeholders, Aquaculture, Influence diagram, 14. Life underwater, Expected utility hypothesis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Resource-management, Belief networks, River, Small-scale fisheries, Southern Portugal, Offshore aquaculture, Sea, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Natural-resource, Environmental resource management, Bayesian approach, Bayesian network, Fish, Scale (social sciences), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Navigability, business
Abstract

Recent coastal planning measures in south-east Portugal (Algarve), where offshore aquaculture developments were set up in fishing areas aiming to maximize expected utility of seafood production activities, raised some discontentment. Public policies created to safeguard offshore aquaculture (OSA) producers and limit small-scale fishing (SSF) activities must be adjusted accordingly in order to maximize income and keep discontentment at a minimum. We collected primary data from stakeholders, fishers (n = 18) and offshore aquaculture operators (n = 3) through participatory workshops and interviews by eliciting problematic issues derived from the offshore area creation and their relative relevance. We used these data to populate conditional probability tables and construct a related influence diagram (Bayesian belief networks) to model the affected system. We selected nine scenarios based on navigability and aquaculture area size with the aim of finding the best expected utility combinations for the OSA SSF system. The inferred results show that maximizing employment and keep pollution at low levels were the most influential factors to keep the system at a satisfactory level. The best decision was not to enlarge the aquaculture area, but to condition the access to other operational stakeholders, namely SSF operators from nearby areas. The overall results of the Bayesian belief network can be used to recommend coastal planners and decision-makers to deal with the interaction between OSA and SSF activities.(c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FEDER Program through the project IAPAA "Avaliacao do impacto da area de producao aquicola da Armona no ecossistema costeiro e comunidades locais" (Portugal) [31-03-01-FEP-0014] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2017
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19. Image Analysis as a Tool to Age Estimations in Fishes: An Approach Using Blue Whiting on ImageJ

Author

Vitor Vaz da Silva, Patrícia Gonçalves, António Ávila de Melo, Alberto G. Murta, Henrique N. Cabral, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon (OI-FCUL), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Computers Engineering [ISEL, Lisbon], Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL), Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Mafalda Parreira-Rocha, Javaneh Ramezani, TC 5, and WG 5.5

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Stock assessment, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Image analysis, Image processing, Abundance (ecology), Statistics, medicine, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 14. Life underwater, Mathematics, Otolith, Fisheries science, biology, Blue whiting and fisheries science, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Effective management, Blue whiting, biology.organism_classification, Slow growth, Otoliths, Oceanography, medicine.anatomical_structure, Age estimation, Fish ageing
Abstract

Part 5: Smart Sensorial Systems; International audience; Otoliths are the fish bones that allow it to hear sounds and achieve balance. The otolith grows in size as fish grows; ring bands are formed in the otoliths’ surface registering periods of rapid and slow growth, opaque bands appear alternating with translucent bands. Age classification was made considering the number of translucent rings in the otolith; one translucent ring was equivalent to one year. The modeling of fish species abundance on the majority of fisheries assessment use age based models. The task of ring counting and ageing is time consuming and may introduce errors that can have a strong impact in stock assessment results. Thus, accurate and precise age estimates are crucial for the effective management and understanding of fisheries resources because recruitment dynamics, growth and mortality estimates relies on these data. The main goal of this study is to produce automatic reading procedures to help researchers, ageing blue whiting fish, minimize ring error count and improve accuracy and precision on age estimation.

Published
2017
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20. Asynchrony in settlement time between the closely related oysters Crassostrea angulata and C. gigas in Ria Formosa lagoon (Portugal)

Author

Francisco Ruano, Pierre Boudry, Vera G. Fonseca, Frederico M. Batista, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Oyster, animal structures, MICROSATELLITE, INVASION, Hybrids, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, MITOCHONDRIAL, CLASSIFICATION, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Invasion, HYBRIDS, biology.animal, SEQUENCE VARIATION, Seasonal breeder, Pacific oyster, 14. Life underwater, Hybridization, PACIFIC OYSTER, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Larva, Sequence variation, Ecology, biology, ACL, Populations, fungi, Microsatellite, biology.organism_classification, Classification, Mitochondrial, 030104 developmental biology, Taxon, DIFFERENTIATION, Differentiation, Crassostrea, POPULATIONS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, HYBRIDIZATION, Portuguese oyster
Abstract

The Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas are very closely related species originating from Asia that were introduced in Europe. The objectives of the present study were to determine if there is asynchrony in settlement time of C. angulata and C. gigas larvae in an area where both taxa coexist and if hybridization between the two species occurs throughout the breeding season. Oyster collectors were deployed every two weeks during one year in two different sites in Ria Formosa lagoon (Portugal) and the oysters that settled were genotyped with nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Settlement of Crassostrea sp. was observed from April to November 2004 (n = 694), with two distinct periods. In the first period (April), when 19% of the oysters settled, the haplotypes and alleles characteristic of C. gigas were mainly observed. In the following settlement period (July to November), the frequency of haplotypes and alleles of C. gigas decreased over time while those characteristics of C. angulata reached high frequencies by the end of the settlement period. Our results suggest that C. gigas was able to reproduce at lower temperatures than C. angulata in spring. However, the non-significant allelic disequilibrium observed during almost all settlement periods suggests that hybridization is widespread in time. The results obtained in the present study show that there are differences in the reproductive behavior between C. angulata and C. gigas that may limit gene flow between the two species. Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BD/8972/2002] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2017
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21. Investigating stock structure and trophic relationships among island-associated dolphins in the oceanic waters of the North Atlantic using fatty acid and stable isotope analyses

Author

Jeremy J. Kiszka, Irma Cascão, Sophie Quérouil, Ana Dinis, Luís Freitas, Ricardo S. Santos, Filipe Alves, Ana Rita Cordeiro, Narcisa M. Bandarra, Instituto do Mar & Department of Oceanography and Fisheries - University of the Azores (IMAR-DOP), IMAR, Caractérisation et valorisation de la diversité ichtyologique pour une aquaculture raisonnée (CAVIAR), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biological Sciences [Miami], Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Museau de Baleia da Madeira, museu da Baleia, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), University of the Azores, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, MADEIRA, Common dolphin, Population, Delphinus delphis, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biology.animal, Blubber, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Apex predator, Trophic level, Ecological niche, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACORES, biology.organism_classification, Stenella, ATLANTIQUE ILES, OCEAN ATLANTIQUE
Abstract

International audience; Short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) are the two most abundant cetacean species in the oceanic waters of Madeira and the Azores. They are of similar size, occur in similar habitats and are regularly observed in mixed-species groups to forage together. Genetic analyses suggested that, within each species, dolphins ranging around both archipelagos belong to the same panmictic population. We tested the hypotheses that (1) within each species, individuals from the two archipelagos belong to a single ecological stock; (2) between species, common and spotted dolphins have distinct trophic niches; using fatty acid (FA) and stable isotope (SI) analyses. Fatty acids and stable isotopes were analysed from 86 blubber and 150 skin samples of free-ranging dolphins, respectively. Sex-related differences were not significant, except for common dolphin FA profiles. In S. frontalis, FA and SI differences between archipelagos suggested that individuals belonged to different ecological stocks, despite the existence of gene flow between the two archipelagos. In D. delphis, differences were more pronounced, but it was not possible to distinguish between stock structure and a seasonal effect, due to differential sampling periods in the Azores and Madeira. Inter-specific comparisons were restricted to the Azores where all samples were collected during summer. Differences in FA proportions, noticeably for FA of dietary origin, as well as in nitrogen SI profiles, confirmed that both species feed on distinct resources. This study emphasizes the need for an integrated approach including both genetic and biochemical analyses for stock assessment, especially in wide-ranging marine top predators.

Published
2013
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22. Downscaling Meteosat Land Surface Temperature over a Heterogeneous Landscape Using a Data Assimilation Approach

Author

Abdelaziz Kallel, Rihab Mechri, Fabienne Maignan, Olivier Pannekoucke, Catherine Ottlé, Dominique Courault, Isabel F. Trigo, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Matériaux Composites céramiques et Polymères [Université de Sfax] (LaMaCoP), Université de Sfax, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques Composites et Polymères (LaMaCop), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, and Université de Sfax - University of Sfax-Université de Sfax - University of Sfax

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Land surface temperature, Mean squared error, landsat, Science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, land surface temperature, 02 engineering and technology, Land cover, satellite landsat, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, assimilation de données, 01 natural sciences, Sciences de la Terre, Data assimilation, Range (statistics), Traitement du signal et de l'image, meteosat satellites, data assimilation, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, genetic particle smoother, modis, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, downscaling, meteosat, température de surface, Signal and Image processing, landsat satellite, Earth Sciences, Global Positioning System, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, satellite météosat, Scale (map), business, échelle paysagère, donnée satellitaire, Downscaling
Abstract

International audience; A wide range of environmental applications require the monitoring of land surface temperature (LST) at frequent intervals and fine spatial resolutions, but these conditions are not offered nowadays by the available space sensors. To overcome these shortcomings, LST downscaling methods have been developed to derive higher resolution LST from the available satellite data. This research concerns the application of a data assimilation (DA) downscaling approach, the genetic particle smoother (GPS), to disaggregate Meteosat 8 LST time series (3 km × 5 km) at finer spatial resolutions. The methodology was applied over the Crau-Camargue region in Southeastern France for seven months in 2009. The evaluation of the downscaled LSTs has been performed at a moderate resolution using a set of coincident clear-sky MODIS LST images from Aqua and Terra platforms (1 km × 1 km) and at a higher resolution using Landsat 7 data (60 m × 60 m). The performance of the downscaling has been assessed in terms of reduction of the biases and the root mean square errors (RMSE) compared to prior model-simulated LSTs. The results showed that GPS allows downscaling the Meteosat LST product from 3 × 5 km2 to 1 × 1 km2 scales with a RMSE less than 2.7 K. Finer scale downscaling at Landsat 7 resolution showed larger errors (RMSE around 5 K) explained by land cover errors and inter-calibration issues between sensors. Further methodology improvements are finally suggested

Published
2016
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23. Particle fluxes in the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system: Hydrodynamical and biological control

Author

Diana Zúñiga, Nicolás Villacieros-Robineau, Emilia Salgueiro, Fatima F Abrantes, F. Alonso-Pérez, Carmen G. Castro, Gabriel Rosón, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Marine Geology Department, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Aquatic Science, Biogenic silica, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Resuspension, Particulate organic carbon, Settling, Photic zone, 14. Life underwater, NE Atlantic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total organic carbon, Particle fluxes, 010505 oceanography, Geology, Sedimentation, Deposition (aerosol physics), 13. Climate action, Sediment trap, Upwelling, Filament, Coastal upwelling
Abstract

9 páginas, 4 tablas, 9 figuras, To better understand sources and transport of particulate material in the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system, a mooring line dotted with an automated PPS 4/3 sediment trap was deployed off Cape Silleiro at the base of the photic zone. The samples were collected from November 2008 through June 2012 over sampling periods of 4-12 days. Our study represents the first automated sediment trap database for the NW Iberian margin. The magnitude and composition of the settling material showed strong seasonal variability with the highest fluxes during the poleward and winter mixing periods (averages of 12.9±9.6 g m−2 d−1 and 5.6±5.6 g m−2 d−1 respectively), and comparatively lower fluxes (3.6±4.1 g m−2 d−1) for the upwelling season. Intensive deposition events registered during poleward and winter mixing periods were dominated by the lithogenic fraction (80±3%). They were associated to high energy wave-driven resuspension processes, due to the occurrence of south-westerly storms, and intense riverine inputs of terrestrial material from Minho and Douro rivers. On the other hand, during the spring - summer upwelling season, the share of biogenic compounds (organic matter, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), biogenic silica (bSiO2)) to downward fluxes was higher, reflecting an increase in pelagic sedimentation due to the seasonal intensification of primary production and negligible river inputs and wave-driven resuspended material. Otherwise, the large variations of biogenic settling particles were mainly modulated by upwelling intensity, which by means of upwelling filaments ultimately controlled the offshore transport of the organic carbon fixed by primary producers towards the adjacent ocean. Based on the average downward flux of organic carbon (212 mg C m−2 d−1) and considering an average primary production of 1013 mg C m−2 d−1 from literature, we estimated that about 21% of the fixed carbon is vertically exported during the upwelling season, This study was sponsored by CAIBEX (CTM2007-66408-C02-01/MAR) and REIMAGE (CTM2011–30155–C03–03) projects funded by the Spanish Government, EXCAPA project (10MDS402013PR) supported by Xunta de Galicia, the EU FEDER funded projects RAIA (INTERREG 2009/2011; 0313/RAIA/E) and RAIA.co (INTERREG 2011/2013; 052/RAIA.co/1E) and the CALIBERIA project (PTDC/MAR/102045/2008) financed by Fundaçao para a Ciència e a Tecnologia (FCT-Portugal). D.Z. was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship (Plan I2C) from Xunta de Galicia (Spain)

Published
2016
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24. Dinoflagellate cyst population evolution throughout past interglacials: Key features along the Iberian margin and insights from the new IODP Site U1385 (Exp 339)

Author

Frédérique Eynaud, Dulce Oliveira, María-Fernanda Sánchez-Goñi, Aurélie Penaud, Stéphanie Desprat, Laurent Londeix, Jean-Louis Turon, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigaçao Marinha e Ambiental (CIMAR), and Universidade do Algarve (UAlg)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, Climate change, Context (language use), Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Interglacials, Biodiversity and climate shifts, Dinocysts, Dinocyst, 14. Life underwater, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, biology, Dinoflagellate, Biota, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Southern Iberian margin, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Interglacial, Hydrography, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract

IODP 339 Site U1385 ("Shackleton site", e.g. Hodell et al., 2013a), from the SW Iberian margin, offers the opportunity to study marine microfossil population dynamics by comparing several past interglacials and to test natural shifts of species that occurred across these warm periods, in a subtropical context. Here, more specifically, we present results obtained for the dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) population integrated at a regional scale thanks to the addition of data from proximal sites from southern Iberian margin. When possible, observations made using the dinocyst bio-indicator are compared to additional proxies from the same records in order to test the synchronicity of the marine biota response. Pollen data available for some of the compiled marine sequences also offer the opportunity to directly compare marine biota with terrestrial ecosystem responses. This spatio-temporal compilation reveals that, over the last 800 ka, surface waters around Iberia were tightly coupled to (rapid) climate changes and were characterised by coherent dinocyst assemblage patterns, highlighting a permanent connection between Atlantic and Mediterranean waters as evidenced through a continuous exchange of dinocyst populations. Some index species well illustrate the evolution of the regional hydrographic context along time, as for instance Spiniferites and Impagidinium species, together with Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Bitectatodinium tepikiense and heterotrophic brown cysts. They constitute key bio-indicators in context of natural environmental shifts at long and short timescales. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2015
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25. The Ocean Sampling Day Consortium

Author

Oleksandra Bobrova, Petra ten Hoopen, Rodrigo Costa, Rania Siam, Rehab Z. Abdallah, Jorge A. Herrera Silveira, Catarina Magalhães, Nedime Serakinci, Marie E. DeLorenzo, Riccardo Rosselli, Paul Malthouse, Lise Øvreås, Eyjólfur Reynisson, Susan Gebbels, Francesca Malfatti, Frank Oliver Glöckner, Federico M. Lauro, Hans Erik Karlsen, David Wallom, Christian Jeanthon, Mark J. Costello, Fergal O'Gara, Nadezhda Todorova, Ana C. Costa, Monia El Bour, Paul D. van Ruth, Ivaylo Kostadinov, Martin Ostrowski, Jed A. Fuhrman, Viggo Marteinsson, Thierry Cariou, Hiroyuki Ogata, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Emilie Villar, Federico Baltar, Sandi Orlić, Valentina Turk, Katja Lehmann, Dawn Field, Renzo Kottmann, Florence Jude-Lemeilleur, Daniel Vaulot, Alessandro Vezzi, Neil M Davies, Mahrous M. Kandil, Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier, Christopher D. Sinigalliano, Timothy W. Davis, Peter N. Golyshin, Stéphane L'Haridon, Jonathan A. Martinez, Sandra Ramos, Pascal Conan, Ma. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Soumya Essayeh, Clara Loureiro, Edvardsen Bente, Noureddine Boukhatem, Rachelle M. Jensen, Sophie Pitois, Bouchra Chaouni, Kate Munnik, Anke Kremp, Stephane Pesant, Roberto Danovaro, Cecilia Alonso, Said Barrijal, Jodie van de Kamp, Michail M. Yakimov, Nicole J. Poulton, Zackary I. Johnson, Adriana Zingone, Bernardo Duarte, Ilkay Salihoglu, Paraskevi N. Polymenakou, Jack A. Gilbert, Melody S. Clark, Ian Salter, Hassan Ghazal, Julie LaRoche, J. Mortelmans, Ranjith Edirisinghe, Grazia Marina Quero, Dion Matthew Frederick Frampton, Isabel Caçador, Georgios Tsiamis, Declan C. Schroeder, Jamie Hinks, Ana Martins, Noga Stambler, Rachel Collin, João Canning-Clode, Tinkara Tinta, Mesude Bicak, Scott Jones, Valentina Amaral, Matthias S. Ullrich, Gunnar Gerdts, Klaas Deneudt, Michael Steinke, Mohamed Bennani, Rafael Santana, Fabio De Pascale, Jennifer Tolman, Juan Iriberri, Levente Bodrossy, Abderrahim Bouali, Antonella Penna, Bruno Cataletto, Josep M. Gasol, Florencia Biancalana, Maribeth L. Gidley, Stephen A. Jackson, Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren, Carolin R. Löscher, Antje Wichels, Ventzislav Karamfilov, R. Eric Collins, Sara Ettamimi, Riccardo Schiavon, Mohammed Timinouni, Christina Bienhold, Julia Schnetzer, Marc E. Frischer, Wayne J. Fuller, Simon Claus, Ibon Cancio, Guy Cochrane, Patrick Martin, Gian Marco Luna, Snejana Moncheva, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Eva C. Sonnenschein, Paul Anders Fronth Nyhus, Shiao Y. Wang, Antonina Dos Santos, Eyal Rahav, Eileen Bresnan, Anna Kopf, Barker Katherine, Michèle Barbier, Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta, Kemal Can Bizsel, Tim Ingleton, Patricia Wecker, Julia A. Busch, Kelly D. Goodwin, El Houcine Zaid, Rajaa Chahboune, Takashi Yoshida, Fatima El Otmani, Marianna Mea, Nina Dzhembekova, Anne-Lise Ducluzeau, Christopher P. Meyer, Georgios Kotoulas, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Jacobs University [Bremen], University of Oxford, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Oxfordshire UK, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), American University in Cairo, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College Cork (UCC), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Institut Ruder Boskovic, Institut Ruđer Bošković (IRB), University of Essex, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg = Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (OFFIS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Smithonian Environmental Research Center, Research Center, Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University, Matis Ltd, Universidade dos Açores, Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), University of Bergen (UiB), Dalhousie University [Halifax], Università di Urbino, Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Smithsonian Institution, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research [Matosinhos, Portugal] (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Smithsonian Marine Station, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, University of Southern California (USC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UDELAR), Bar-Ilan University [Israël], The Interuniversity Institute for marine Science in Eilat, IAMC-CNR, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero &ndash, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Macquarie University, South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), South Australian Research and Development Institute, Flanders Marine Institute, VLIZ, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth] (CEFAS), University of Algarve [Portugal], Marine Biological Association of the UK, Department of Chemistry, Alexandria University [Alexandrie], Argentine Institute of Oceanography, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Waters, wetlands & coasts Sydney, Lwande technologies Cape Town, AZTI (AZTI), AZTI, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda], Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal] (UM5), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi (UAE), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Faculty of Sciences, Rabat, Morocco., Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Université de Brest (UBO), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi = Dokuz Eylül University [Izmir] (DEÜ), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Singapore centre for environmental life sciences engineering, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Indigo V Expeditions, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bremen, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Rajarata University of Sri-Lanka (RUSL), University of Southern Mississippi (USM), Mediterranean Science Commission, National institute of biology Fornace, Near East University, Marine Scotland Marine Laboratory, Kind of Blue Project ABS, University of Oslo (UiO), Marine biology research station, Bangor University, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Fridtjof Nansen Institute of oceanology, Duke University [Durham], Miami University, Miami University [Ohio] (MU), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Polytechnic University of Marche, University of Patras, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), INSTIM, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), University of Hawaii, University of Auckland [Auckland], Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), University of Chicago, Brown University, Zhejiang University, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Department of Mathematics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Kopf, A, Bicak, M, Kottmann, R, Schnetzer, J, Kostadinov, I, Lehmann, K, Fernandez-Guerra, A, Jeanthon, C, Rahav, E, Ullrich, M, Wichels, A, Gerdts, G, Polymenakou, P, Kotoulas, G, Siam, R, Abdallah, Rz, Sonnenschein, Ec, Cariou, T, O'Gara, F, Jackson, S, Orlic, S, Steinke, M, Busch, J, Duarte, B, Cacador, I, Canning-Clode, J, Bobrova, O, Marteinsson, V, Reynisson, E, Loureiro, Cm, Luna, Gm, Quero, Gm, Loscher, Cr, Kremp, A, Delorenzo, Me, Ovreas, L, Tolman, J, Laroche, J, Penna, A, Frischer, M, Davis, T, Katherine, B, Meyer, Cp, Ramos, S, Magalhaes, C, Jude-Lemeilleur, F, Aguirre-Macedo, Ml, Wang, S, Poulton, N, Jones, S, Collin, R, Fuhrman, Ja, Conan, P, Alonso, C, Stambler, N, Goodwin, K, Yakimov, Mm, Baltar, F, Bodrossy, L, Van De Kamp, J, Frampton, Dmf, Ostrowski, M, Van Ruth, P, Malthouse, P, Claus, S, Deneudt, K, Mortelmans, J, Pitois, S, Wallom, D, Salter, I, Costa, R, Schroeder, Dc, Kandil, Mm, Amaral, V, Biancalana, F, Santana, R, Pedrotti, Ml, Yoshida, T, Ogata, H, Ingleton, T, Munnik, K, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N, Berteaux-Lecellier, V, Wecker, P, Cancio, I, Vaulot, D, Bienhold, C, Ghazal, H, Chaouni, B, Essayeh, S, Ettamimi, S, Zaid, E, Boukhatem, N, Bouali, A, Chahboune, R, Barrijal, S, Timinouni, M, El Otmani, F, Bennani, M, Mea, M, Todorova, N, Karamfilov, V, ten Hoopen, P, Cochrane, G, L'Haridon, S, Bizsel, Kc, Vezzi, A, Lauro, Fm, Martin, P, Jensen, Rm, Hinks, J, Gebbels, S, Rosselli, R, De Pascale, F, Schiavon, R, dos Santos, A, Villar, E, Pesant, S, Cataletto, B, Malfatti, F, Edirisinghe, R, Silveira, Jah, Barbier, M, Turk, V, Tinta, T, Fuller, Wj, Salihoglu, I, Serakinci, N, Ergoren, Mc, Bresnan, E, Iriberri, J, Nyhus, Paf, Bente, E, Karlsen, He, Golyshin, Pn, Gasol, Jm, Moncheva, S, Dzhembekova, N, Johnson, Z, Sinigalliano, Cd, Gidley, Ml, Zingone, A, Danovaro, R, Tsiamis, G, Clark, M, Costa, Ac, El Bour, M, Martins, Am, Collins, Re, Ducluzeau, Al, Martinez, J, Costello, Mj, Amaral-Zettler, La, Gilbert, Ja, Davies, N, Field, D, Glockner, Fo, European Commission, University of Oxford [Oxford], Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research - IOLR (ISRAEL), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universidade do Porto, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UCUR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), University of Mohammed V, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Rajarata University of Sri-Lanka, University of Patras [Patras], University of California [Berkeley], and University of California-University of California

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biodiversity, Marine life, 01 natural sciences, Bacteria, Genomics, Health Index, Marine, Metagenomics, Micro B3, Microorganism, OSD, Ocean sampling day, Standards, 11. Sustainability, Data and Information, Ocean Sampling Day, biodiversity, genomics, health index, bacteria, microorganism, metagenomics, marine, standards, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Environmental resource management, Geology, Computer Science Applications, Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences, Microbial biodiversity, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Ocean sampling day, OSD, Biodiversity, Genomics, Health Index, Bacteria, Microorganism, Metagenomics,Marine, Micro B3, Standards, Oceans and Seas, Microorganisms, Marine Biology, Health Informatics, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Ecology and Environment, Metagenomic, 03 medical and health sciences, Health index, Medisinske Fag: 700 [VDP], SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean sampling, 13. Climate action, Commentary, Genomic, Database Management Systems, Global Ocean, business
Abstract

Kopf, Anna ... et. al.-- 5 pages, 1 figure.-- This manuscript is NOAA-GLERL contribution number 1763, Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits, This work was supported by the Micro B3 project, which is funded from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; Joint Call OCEAN.2011‐2: Marine microbial diversity – new insights into marine ecosystems functioning and its biotechnological potential) under the grant agreement no 287589

Published
2015
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26. The Gibraltar subduction: A decade of new geophysical data

Author

Stephane Dominguez, Valenti Sallares, Belin Jude, Pedro Terrinha, Behzad Nazemroaya, Anwar Shidiq, Rafael Bartolome, Joao Duarte, Filipe Rosas, BHAVANI SANKAR, ‪AQEEL ATTABY, Marc-Andre Gutscher, JORGE MIGUEL MIRANDA, Manmohan Sharma, Arash Issaee, Adi Mursalin, Andi Mallanti, Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Birmingham, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Geology Department, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), School of Geosciences, Monash University [Clayton], Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), FFCUL/CGUL Centro de Geofisica, Universidade de Libsoa, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unitat de Tecnologia Marina, Centre Mediterrani d'Investigacions Marines I ambientals, European Project: 34220,NEAREST, and Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)

Subjects
Accretionary wedge, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), Oceanic crust, Roll-back subduction, Earthquakes, 14. Life underwater, Seismic refraction, Eclogitization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Subduction, Active deformation, Geophysics, Plate tectonics, Tectonics, Tethys oceanic lithosphere, 13. Climate action, Iberia, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

Review article.-- 20 pages, 18 figures, The Gibraltar arc, spans a complex portion of the Africa–Eurasia plate boundary marked by slow oblique convergence and intermediate and deep focus seismicity. The seemingly contradictory observations of a young extensional marine basin surrounded by an arcuate fold-and-thrust belt, have led to competing geodynamic models (delamination and subduction). Geophysical data acquired in the past decade provide a test for these models and support a narrow east-dipping, subduction zone. Seismic refraction studies indicate oceanic crust below the western Gulf of Cadiz. Tomography of the upper mantle reveals a steep, east-dipping high P-wave velocity body, beneath Gibraltar. The anisotropic mantle fabric from SKS splitting shows arc-parallel “fast directions”, consistent with toroidal flow around a narrow, westward retreating subducting slab. The accompanying WSW advance of the Rif–Betic mountain belt has constructed a thick pile of deformed sediments, an accretionary wedge, characterized by west-vergent thrust anticlines. Bathymetric swath‐mapping images an asymmetric embayment at the deformation front where a 2 km high basement ridge has collided. Subduction has slowed significantly since 5 Ma, but deformation of recent sediments and abundant mud volcanoes suggest ongoing activity in the accretionary wedge. Three possible origins for this deformation are discussed; gravitational spreading, overall NW–SE convergence between Africa and Iberia and finally a WSW tectonic push from slow, but ongoing roll-back subduction. In the absence of arc volcanism and shallow dipping thrust type earthquakes, evidence in favor of present-day subduction can only be indirect and remains the object of debate. Continued activity of the subduction offers a possible explanation for great (M > 8.5) earthquakes known to affect the area, like the famous 1755 Great Lisbon earthquake. Recent GPS studies show SW motion of stations in N Morocco at velocities of 3–6 mm/yr indicating the presence of an independent block, a “Rif–Betic–Alboran” microplate, situated between Iberia and Africa, Much of this work was funded by the EU FP6 project NEAREST. The Nearest-Seis survey was funded by the complementary action #CGL2006-27098-E/BTE of the Spanish MICINN. We thank the Captains and crews of the vessels involved in the acquisition of all of this new data, and without whose efforts, this wealth of new data could never have been acquired. We also thank many other Spanish, Portuguese, German and Dutch colleagues who have contributed significantly to the collective efforts to advance our understanding of the tectonics in this complex region. J.C. Duarte acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council through Discovery Grant DP110103387. P.R. and F.R. acknowledge support from the projects TOPOMED — “Plate re-organization in the western Mediterranean: lithospheric causes and topographic consequences”, and SWIMGLO (refs. TOPOEUROPE/0001/2007 and SWIMGLO — PTDC/MAR/100522/2008)

Published
2012
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27. Planktonic foraminifera from modern sediments reflect upwelling patterns off Iberia: Insights from a regional transfer function

Author

Uwe Pflaumann, Paulo B. Oliveira, Neven Loncaric, Helge Meggers, João Moreno, Raquel González-Álvarez, Helga B Bartels-Jonsdottir, Emilia Salgueiro, Antje H L Voelker, Gerold Wefer, Fatima F Abrantes, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, Marine Geology Department, Kiel University, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique - Angers (LPG-ANGERS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Geociencias, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), and Universität Bremen

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Foraminifera, planktonic foraminifera, Sea Surface Temperature, 14. Life underwater, Globigerinoides, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Upwelling, Paleontology, Sediment, Globigerina bulloides, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Iberian margin, Sea surface temperature, Sinistral and dextral, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], transfer functions, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Quantitative and qualitative analyses of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from 134 core-top sediment samples collected along the western Iberian margin were used to assess the latitudinal and longitudinal changes in surface water conditions and to calibrate a Sea Surface Temperature (SST) transfer function for this seasonal coastal upwelling region. Q-mode factor analysis performed on relative abundances yielded three factors that explain 96% of the total variance: factor 1 (50%) is exclusively defined by Globigerina bulloides, the most abundant and widespread species, and reflects the modern seasonal (May to September) coastal upwelling areas; factor 2 (32%) is dominated by Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (dextral) and Globorotalia inflata and seems to be associated with the Portugal Current, the descending branch of the North Atlantic Drift; factor 3 (14%) is defined by the tropical–sub-tropical species Globigerinoides ruber (white), Globigerinoides trilobus trilobus, and G. inflata and mirrors the influence of the winter-time eastern branch of the Azores Current. In conjunction with satellite-derived SST for summer and winter seasons integrated over an 18year period the regional foraminiferal data set is used to calibrate a SST transfer function using Imbrie & Kipp, MAT and SIMMAXndw techniques. Similar predicted errors (RMSEP), correlation coefficients, and residuals' deviation from SST estimated for both techniques were observed for both seasons. All techniques appear to underestimate SST off the southern Iberia margin, an area mainly occupied by warm waters where upwelling occurs only occasionally, and overestimate SST on the northern part of the west coast of the Iberia margin, where cold waters are present nearly all year round. The comparison of these regional calibrations with former Atlantic and North Atlantic calibrations for two cores, one of which is influenced by upwelling, reveals that the regional one attests more robust paleo-SSTs than for the other approaches.

Published
2008
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28. Assimilation of remote sensing data to monitor the terrestrial carbon cycle: the carbon observatory of geoland

Author

B. J. J. M. van den Hurk, A. Kaptein, P. Ciais, Jean-Christophe Calvet, J. Muñoz Sabater, Eddy Moors, M. Leroy, Pedro Viterbo, Météo France, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Météo-France Direction Interrégionale Sud-Est (DIRSE), Météo-France, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, 0207 environmental engineering, Weather forecasting, Eddy covariance, Weather and climate, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Carbon cycle, Data assimilation, 020701 environmental engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Carbon accounting, Biosphere, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, computer
Abstract

The existing land data assimilation projects (NLDAS, GLDAS, ELDAS) do not include interactive vegetation land surface models, which limits the use of remote sensing data. The analysed variable in LDAS is soil moisture, only, and there is a need to account for vegetation biomass to monitor the biosphere vegetation-atmosphere CO2 exchange. The geoland Integrated Project (2004-2007) co-funded by the European Commission, aims at addressing European and global environment issues, based on the use of remote sensing data. The carbon observatory of geoland, hereinafter referred to as "geoland/Carbon", provides a pre-operational global carbon accounting system, dealing with the impact of weather and climate variability on ecosystems fluxes and carbon stocks, on daily to seasonal and inter-annual time scales. The solution chosen in geoland/Carbon is to merge the LDAS approach and the interactive vegetation models, by making two communities work together: the meteorologists involved in ELDAS and the carbon modellers. In particular, we investigate the relationship between weather and climate variability and terrestrial CO2 fluxes. The integration of in situ meteorological measurements and different satellite remote sensing sources of information are made by using assimilation techniques. In order to integrate the existing approaches and to deliver an assessment based on independent modelling results, two land surface models are used: 1) an operational scheme (ECMWF) used in numerical weather forecast models, modified to describe an interactive vegetation (based on ISBA-A-gs, Meteo-France); 2) a carbon-water-energy land surface scheme, fitted with carbon dynamics in biomass and soil pools, and with ecosystem dynamics (LSCE). The assimilation system can be run at the global scale with both carbon models. The assimilated output fields are checked against global observations of different nature, such as eddy covariance networks, long term ecological time series (e.g. IGBP transects), forest and soil carbon inventories, or satellite products that were not used at first in the assimilation procedure. At the end of this project, ECMWF is able to propose a single near-operational system based on components of the two approaches

Published
2004
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29. Are subduction zones invading the Atlantic? Evidence from the southwest Iberia margin: REPLY

Author

Wouter Schellart, Belin Jude, Behzad Nazemroaya, Anwar Shidiq, Joao Duarte, Filipe Rosas, BHAVANI SANKAR, Pedro Terrinha, ‪AQEEL ATTABY, Marc-Andre Gutscher, Manmohan Sharma, Arash Issaee, António Ribeiro, Adi Mursalin, Andi Mallanti, Geology and Geochemistry, School of Geosciences, Monash University [Clayton], Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; We thank Marques for his Comment (Marques, 2014) on our paper (Duarte et al., 2013) about subduction initiation at the southwest Iberia margin (SIM). Here we demonstrate that his comments are based on wrong premises: (1) Marques ignores a fundamental premise of the setting of the stud-ied area: the evidence for two tectonic driving mechanisms: the Gibral-tar subduction and the oblique Nubia-Iberia convergence. Compressive stresses may arise from (a) an imbalance in horizontal forces due to partial slab breakoff and/or a decrease in the subduction rate; (b) expulsion of the Alboran block; (c) torques at the SIM; and (d) pull of the oceanic corridor toward Gibraltar, resisted by the adjacent northern oceanic segment (Gor-ringe area) being dragged against a relatively immobile Iberia. (2) It is widely accepted that the Gibraltar arc formed due to subduc-tion rollback. Evidence includes: 1) tomography showing a high-velocity east-dipping body up to the 660 discontinuity; 2) deep seismic events (>600 km); 3) the presence of a 15-km-thick accretionary wedge rooting in an east-dipping décollement); 4) mud volcanism in the foreland; 5) active thrusting in the wedge; 6) GPS data showing a westward-moving Alboran plate; 7) the existence of an oceanic corridor in the foreland; 8) existence of an extensional back-arc region; 9) calc-alkaline arc volcanism; and 10) pressure-temperature-time paths of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the Betics. The existence of subduction beneath Gibraltar was highly disputed in the past, but in the past decade the debate has shifted from "is there subduction in Gibraltar?" to whether the subduction is still active or not. In Duarte et al. (2013) we discuss both possibilities. (3) Lithospheric-scale structures cannot be directly deduced from crustal seismics. This is a limitation of the method, and not evidence that the structures are too small to be lithospheric. Complementary methods need to be used, such as earthquake hypocenters. In the studied area, the seismic-ity is concentrated at ~40–60 km depth, with focal mechanisms showing reverse faulting and NW-SE shortening (Geissler et al., 2010). Hence, it is reasonable to infer that the compressive structures root into the mantle. (4) We referred the 1969 and 1755 earthquakes because their high magnitudes (~8–9 M w) are characteristic of convergent zones. And even though the location of the 1755 quake is uncertain, the source of the 1969 quake lies 50 km southeast of the Gorringe, in the fl at abyssal plain. The fault plane solution indicates conjugate ~N60°-striking 45°-dipping planes with a reverse motion. Fukao (1973) favored the southern conjugate based on the distribution of the aftershocks, but at the time there was a large uncertainty in their location. No major northwest-dipping structures exist in this area. In our map, we show a set of southeast-dipping thrusts that seem to be connected and could have generated the 1969 quake. When Fu-kao published his paper, the Gorringe root was interpreted as a northwest-dipping megathrusts, with "consumption of oceanic lithosphere" (Purdy, 1975, p. 973). In the models of Purdy (1975) and McKenzie (1977), the African plate was subducting beneath Eurasia (the subduction zone was part of the east-west Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary) and what we pro-pose is the nucleation and northward propagation of a new (convergent) plate boundary along the SIM. (5) The main idea of our paper is that the interference between the Gibraltar subduction zone and the Azores-Gibraltar Fault Zone can seed the reactivation of the SIM. Calculation of the forces involved in this process is complex and beyond the classical 2-D evaluation of buoyancy versus ridge push forces used for spontaneous subduction initiation. Three-dimensional modeling (analog/numerical) would be necessary to understand the forces involved in such case of induced initiation. Two-dimensional models of spontaneous initiation are inadequate to quantitatively gauge subduction initiation along the SIM. Nevertheless, estimation of the Gibraltar slab pull force and the force required to break a passive margin are provided. (6) Marques states "subduction in northern Iberia is overlooked … . By doing so, the evaluation of the force balance along the SIM is fl awed." The northern Iberia incipient accretionary wedge formed due to the clos-ing of the Tethys, and has been inactive since the Burdigalian (ca. 20 Ma). Thus it is irrelevant to the present-day force balance. Marques further ar-gues "overthrusting in northern Iberia could take up all the Nubia-Iberia convergence … , which makes it critical in the evaluation of the force balance in Iberia." At present, this is not the case. The observations show that shortening is being accommodated at the SIM. Marques' main arguments are: (1) lack of "relevant data"; (2) absence of "use [of] critical model results that would constrain their [our] hypothe-sis of subduction initiation"; and (3) overlooking "relevant literature." But Marques fails to explain exactly what relevant data are missing, especially when a new tectonic map was presented to sustain our hypothesis. The second point is based on the wrong premise that 2-D models of spontane-ous subduction initiation can be used to constrain this case of induced initiation, whereas a 3-D approach would be required. Consequently the claim that we "overlooked relevant literature" is mostly unfounded.

Published
2014
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30. Technical mitigation measures for sharks and rays in fisheries for tuna and tuna-like species: turning possibility into reality

Author

Maria Korta, Hilario Murua, Miguel N. Santos, Jim R. Ellis, Pierre Chavance, Rui Coelho, Bach Pascal, Javier Ariz, Bernard Séret, Francois Poisson, Francisco Abascal Crespo, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Lowestoft] (CEFAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), ICCAT, Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mitigation, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Aquatic Science, Biology, bycatch, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Recreational fishing, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, Pesquerías, 14. Life underwater, marine mammals, Recreation, fish, tuna regional fishery management organizations, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, tuna fisheries, Pelagic zone, pelagic, mortality, Great barrier reef, sustainable fishing, Bycatch, Fishery, Current management, Fisheries management, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Tuna, elasmobranch, exploitation
Abstract

Tuna fisheries have been identified as one of the major threats to populations of other marine vertebrates, including sea turtles, sharks, seabirds and marine mammals. The development of technical mitigation measures (MM) in fisheries is part of the code of conduct for responsible fisheries. An in-depth analysis of the available literature regarding bycatch mitigation in tuna fisheries with special reference to elasmobranchs was undertaken. Studies highlighting promising MMs were reviewed for four tuna fisheries (longline, purse seine, driftnets and gillnet, and rod and line – including recreational fisheries). The advantages and disadvantages of different MMs are discussed and assessed based on current scientific knowledge. Current management measures for sharks and rays in tuna Regional Fishery Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) are presented. A review of relevant studies examining at-vessel and postrelease mortality of elasmobranch bycatch is provided. This review aims to help fisheries managers identify pragmatic solutions to reduce mortality on pelagic elasmobranchs (and other higher vertebrates) whilst minimizing impacts on catches of target tuna species. Recent research efforts have identified several effective MMs that, if endorsed by t-RFMOs, could reduce elasmobranchs mortality rate in international tropical purse seine tuna fisheries. In the case of longline fisheries, the number of operational effective MMs is very limited. Fisheries deploying driftnets in pelagic ecosystems are suspected to have a high elasmobranchs bycatch and their discard survival is uncertain, but no effective MMs have been field validated for these fisheries. The precautionary bans of such gear by the EU and by some t-RFMOs seem therefore appropriate. Recreational tuna fisheries should be accompanied by science-based support to reduce potential negative impacts on shark populations. Priorities for research and management are identified and discussed., SI

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