Author: "Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN)" / Topic: 01 natural sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. The Twilight Zone as a Major Foraging Habitat and Mercury Source for the Great White Shark

Author: Jeroen E. Sonke, James T. Ketchum, Gador Muntaner-López, Barbara A. Block, Marc Aquino-Baleytó, Lucien Besnard, Gauthier Schaal, Gaël Le Croizier, David Point, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Omar Santana-Morales, Salvador J. Jorgensen, Armelle Jung, Edgar E. Becerril-García, Anne Lorrain, Aaron B. Carlisle, E. Mauricio Hoyos-Padilla, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pelagios Kakunjá, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Hopkins Marine Station [Stanford], Stanford University, School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment [Newark] (CEOE), University of Delaware [Newark]-University of Delaware [Newark], Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet, ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), ANR-17-CE34-0010,MERTOX,Découvrir l'origine de la toxine methylmercure dans les écosystèmes marins(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: food.ingredient, Mesopelagic zone, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Predation, food, biology.animal, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Apex predator, Trophic level, Pacific Ocean, biology, Ecology, Mercury, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Carcharias, Carcharodon, Mercury Isotopes, Great white shark, Habitat, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sharks
Abstract: International audience; The twilight zone contains the largest biomass of the world's ocean. Identifying its role in the trophic supply and contaminant exposure of marine megafauna constitutes a critical challenge in the context of global change. The white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) is a threatened species with some of the highest concentrations of neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) among marine top predators. Large white sharks migrate seasonally from coastal habitats, where they primarily forage on pinnipeds, to oceanic offshore habitats. Tagging studies suggest that while offshore, white sharks may forage at depth on mesopelagic species, yet no biochemical evidence exists. Here, we used mercury isotopic composition to assess the dietary origin of MeHg contamination in white sharks from the Northeast Pacific Ocean. We estimated that a minimum of 72% of the MeHg accumulated by white sharks originates from the consumption of mesopelagic prey, while a maximum of 25% derives from pinnipeds. In addition to highlighting the potential of mercury isotopes to decipher the complex ecological cycle of marine predators, our study provides evidence that the twilight zone constitutes a crucial foraging habitat for these large predators, which had been suspected for over a decade. Climate change is predicted to expand the production of mesopelagic MeHg and modify the mesopelagic biomass globally. Considering the pivotal role of the twilight zone is therefore essential to better predict both MeHg exposure and trophic supply to white sharks, and effectively protect these key vulnerable predators.
Published: 2020

2. Two distinctive Rhizobium genospecies nodulating Vicia villosa Roth in alkaline soils of Northwest China

Author: En Tao Wang, Shanshan Peng, Chunzeng Liu, Chen Guo, Junjie Zhang, Wenfeng Chen, Brigitte Brunel, Hou Pei, Shuo Li, Benyin Li, Yimin Shang, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety of Henan Province, Partenaires INRAE, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Research and Innovation Center of Chunlun Group, Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31970006, 31400008), and Foundation of China Agriculture Research System - Green Manure CARS-22
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Genospecies, Soil Science, Plant Science, Northwest China, 01 natural sciences, Genetic diversity, Rhizobia, Soil pH, Rhizobium sophorae, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Symbiosis, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Villosa, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vicia villosa Roth, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Vicia villosa, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Rhizobium, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Aims To estimate the relative abundance, diversity and distribution of rhizobia associated with Vicia villosa Roth in soils of Northwest China. Method Rhizobia were trapped with V. villosa Roth plants from soils at seven sites and identified into genotypes by PCR-RFLP of IGS genes. They were further characterized by phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA, housekeeping genes (atpD, recA, glnII) and symbiotic genes (nodC). Soil physicochemical characteristics were recorded and Canonical Correlation Analysis was performed to correlate soil features and the distribution of IGS genotypes. Results 253 rhizobial strains were obtained from soils with pH 7.1-7.9. They were discriminated into 27 IGS types and further affiliated by phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) into two clusters in Rhizobium. One corresponds to Rhizobium sophorae covering 228 strains in 25 IGS types and the other includes a novel genospecies containing two IGS types only detected in Shanxi Province, with higher soil pH and intermediate available phosphate and potassium contents. Representative strains of the novel genospecies show a specific phylogenetic nodC lineage, which may reflect differences in symbiosis properties. Furthermore, the Shanxi site was the less IGS diversified, based on Shannon diversity indices varying from 0.96 to 2.19 along the sampled area. Conclusions As the first study on diversity of rhizobia nodulating V. villosa Roth in China, R. sophorae and a novel Rhizobium genospecies with specific symbiotic genes were identified; and biogeographic patterns were found, mainly directed by soil pH, organic matter and soil salinity, including available phosphorus salts.
Published: 2020

3. Nanobiomechanical behavior of Fe3O4@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles over HeLa cells interfaces

Author: Juan Carlos Camacho-Fernández, Childérick Séverac, Génesis Karendash González-Quijano, Véronique Gigoux, Etienne Dague, Adrian Martinez-Rivas, Jaime Santoyo-Salazar, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Institut des Technologies Avancées en sciences du Vivant (ITAV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Ingénierie pour les sciences du vivant (LAAS-ELIA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Materials science, Coprecipitation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, biomechanics, HeLa, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], General Materials Science, Statistical analysis, HeLa cells, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Magnetite, biology, Atomic force microscopy, Mechanical Engineering, Significant difference, fungi, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Magnetic nanocore-shells, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, AFM analysis, Biophysics, Magnetic nanoparticles, alternating magnetic fields, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we studied the impact of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interactions with HeLa cells when they are exposed to high frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF). Specifically, we measured the nanobiomechanical properties of cell interfaces by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The Magnetite (Fe3O4) MNPs were synthesized by coprecipitation and encapsulated with silica (SiO2): Fe3O4@SiO2 and functionalized with amino groups (-NH2): Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2, by sonochemical processing. HeLa cells were incubated or not with MNPs, then exposed or not to AMF at 37 °C. A biomechanical analysis was then performed through AFM, providing the Young's modulus and stiffness of the cells. The statistical analysis (p < 0.001) showed that AMF application or MNPs interaction modify the biomechanical behavior of the cell interfaces. Interestingly, the most significant difference was found for HeLa cells incubated with Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 and exposed to AMF, showing that local heat of these MNPs modify elasticity and stiffness.
Published: 2021

4. Foraging depth depicts resource partitioning and contamination level in a pelagic shark assemblage: insights from mercury stable isotopes

Author: Raul Octavio Martinez Rincon, James T. Ketchum, Gaël Le Croizier, David Point, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Lucien Besnard, Gauthier Schaal, Edouard Kraffe, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Pelagios Kakunjá, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Lucien Besnard doctoral grant was funded by the École Doctorale des Sciences de la Mer et du Littoral (EDSML) and by the Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO). The project is supported by ISblue project, interdisciplinary graduate school for the blue planet (ANR-17-EURE-0015) and co-funded by a grant from the French government under the program 'Investissements d’Avenir'. It is also backed by MIC ERASMUS+ and Ecos Annuies projects. Gaël Le Croizier was supported by a postdoctoral grant from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD). Mercury concentration and stable isotopic analyses were financially supported by the French National Research Agency (project ANR-17-CE34-0010 MERTOX, PI David Point). Felipe Galván-Magaña thanks the Instituto Politecnico Nacional for fellowships (COFAA, EDI)., ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), ANR-17-CE34-0010,MERTOX,Découvrir l'origine de la toxine methylmercure dans les écosystèmes marins(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: Isurus, Food Chain, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Top predator, Mesopelagic zone, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Mercury accumulation, Foraging, Foraging depth, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Hammerhead shark, Trophic ecology, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Resource partitioning, SUD, UBO, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Apex predator, Trophic level, Carbon Isotopes, Nitrogen Isotopes, biology, ANR-17-EURE-0015, Ecology, ACL, Prionace glauca, Mercury, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Mercury stable isotopes, Mercury Isotopes, Seafood, Shortfin mako shark, DISCOVERY, Sharks, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, MERTOX_ ANR-17-CE34-0010
Abstract: International audience; The decline of shark populations in the world ocean is affecting ecosystem structure and function in an unpredictable way and new ecological information is today needed to better understand the role of sharks in their habitats. In particular, the characterization of foraging patterns is crucial to understand and foresee the evolution of dynamics between sharks and their prey. Many shark species use the mesopelagic area as a major foraging ground but the degree to which different pelagic sharks rely on this habitat remains overlooked. In order to depict the vertical dimension of their trophic ecology, we used mercury stable isotopes in the muscle of three pelagic shark species (the blue shark Prionace glauca, the shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus and the smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena) from the northeastern Pacific region. The Δ199Hg values, ranging from 1.40 to 2.13‰ in sharks, suggested a diet mostly based on mesopelagic prey in oceanic habitats. We additionally used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) alone or in combination with Δ199Hg values, to assess resource partitioning between the three shark species. Adding Δ199Hg resulted in a decrease in trophic overlap estimates compared to those based on δ13C/δ15N alone, demonstrating that multi-isotope modeling is needed for accurate trophic description of the three species. Mainly, it reveals that they forage at different average depths and that resource partitioning is mostly expressed through the vertical dimension within pelagic shark assemblages. Concomitantly, muscle total mercury concentration (THg) differed between species and increased with feeding depth. Overall, this study highlights the key role of the mesopelagic zone for shark species foraging among important depth gradients and reports new ecological information on trophic competition using mercury isotopes. It also suggests that foraging depth may play a pivotal role in the differences between muscle THg from co-occurring high trophic level shark species.
Published: 2021

5. Dominance style is a key predictor of vocal use and evolution across nonhuman primates

Author: Samantha J. Green, Daria Valente, Zarin P. Machanda, Erica van de Waal, Joan B. Silk, Christopher Young, Daniela Hedwig, Klaus Zuberbühler, Oliver Schülke, Lindsey Hagberg, Sally E. Street, Anna Zanoli, Mary S. M. Pavelka, Martha M. Robbins, Martin N. Muller, Chloe Chen-Kraus, Roberta Salmi, Barbara Fruth, Cristina Giacoma, Isaac Schamberg, Michelle Brown, Louise Peckre, Fredy Quintero, Richard W. Wrangham, Andrew J. J. MacIntosh, Shreejata Gupta, Gillian King-Bailey, Felix O. Angwela, Eithne Kavanagh, Stuart Semple, Zanna Clay, Melissa Emery Thompson, Claudia Wilke, Camille Coye, Julia Ostner, Cyril C. Grueter, Marco Gamba, Raffaella Ventura, Margarita Briseño-Jaramillo, Hugh Notman, Sophie Marshall, Jérôme Micheletta, Thore J. Bergman, Bonaventura Majolo, Anna H. Weyher, Megan Petersdorf, Valérie A. M. Schoof, Gabriel Ramos-Fernández, Maryjka B. Blaszczyk, Kirsty E. Graham, Adriano R. Lameira, Morgan L. Gustison, Alban Lemasson, Karim Ouattara, Alejandro Estrada, Laura M. Bolt, David Macgregor Inglis, Peter M. Kappeler, Valeria Torti, Claudia Fichtel, Barbora Kuběnová, Stéphanie Mercier, J. Roberto Sosa-López, Katharine M. Jack, Katie E. Slocombe, University of York [York, UK], Nottingham Trent University, Durham University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, Yale University [New Haven], University of Exeter, Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), No funding was provided specifically for the current paper, but funding which supported data collection at field sites is acknowledged in electronic supplementary material, S11., University of St Andrews. School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences, University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution, Mountains of the Moon University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], German Primate Center - Deutsches Primatenzentrum -- Leibniz Insitute for Primate Research -- [Göttingen, Allemagne] (GPC - DPZ), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), School of Psychology and Neuroscience [University of St. Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Harvard University, Cornell University [New York], Tulane University, Kyoto University, University of Roehampton, United Kingdom, Tufts University [Medford], University of Lincoln, Université de Neufchätel (UNIME), University of Portsmouth, Athabasca University (AU), Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire [Abidjan] (CSRS-CI), University of Calgary, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Georgia [USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Abertay University (Abertay University), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), University of Pretoria [South Africa], and University of Lethbridge
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Key (music), Style (sociolinguistics), social behaviour, [SCCO]Cognitive science, biology.animal, ddc:570, Behavioral and Social Science, dominance style, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal communication, Primate, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Research Articles, Sociality, QL, Multidisciplinary, biology, communication, QH, Repertoire, 05 social sciences, DAS, QL Zoology, sociality, vocal, C800 Psychology, vocal, sociality, communication, dominance style, social behaviour, Dominance hierarchy, Dominance (ethology), communication, sociality, social behaviour, dominance style, vocal, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Animal communication has long been thought to be subject to pressures and constraints associated with social relationships. However, our understanding of how the nature and quality of social relationships relates to the use and evolution of communication is limited by a lack of directly comparable methods across multiple levels of analysis. Here, we analysed observational data from 111 wild groups belonging to 26 non-human primate species, to test how vocal communication relates to dominance style (the strictness with which a dominance hierarchy is enforced, ranging from 'despotic' to 'tolerant'). At the individual-level, we found that dominant individuals who were more tolerant vocalized at a higher rate than their despotic counterparts. This indicates that tolerance within a relationship may place pressure on the dominant partner to communicate more during social interactions. At the species-level, however, despotic species exhibited a larger repertoire of hierarchy-related vocalizations than their tolerant counterparts. Findings suggest primate signals are used and evolve in tandem with the nature of interactions that characterize individuals' social relationships. Publisher PDF
Published: 2021

6. Silicate melt inclusions in the new millennium: A review of recommended practices for preparation, analysis, and data presentation

Author: M. E. Newcombe, D. J. Rasmussen, Alexander R. L. Nichols, Matthew Jones, Oded Navon, Graham D. Layne, M. Myers, Horst R. Marschall, C. M. Allison, A. Lorenzo-Merino, K. Shimizu, Federica Schiavi, Mark D. Kurz, A. Daly, Ping-Ping Liu, A. Barth, Margaret E. Hartley, Nivea Magalhães, Yuxu Zhang, Roger L. Nielsen, Terry Plank, Janne M. Koornneef, Alexander A. Iveson, K.-Y. Lin, M. Laubier, T. Zhou, Charlotte L. DeVitre, Jordan Tucker, Glenn A. Gaetani, Yves Moussallam, M. Gaborieau, Masataka Kawaguchi, N. Luciani, Nobumichi Shimizu, Ayla S. Pamukcu, T. Kagoshima, Elizabeth Cottrell, A. Castillejo, J. Andrys, Robert J. Bodnar, Ery C. Hughes, B. Chilson-Parks, D. Butters, J. Roberge, M. Cole, Anne-Sophie Bouvier, M. Muth, Yaron Katzir, Emma Gatti, B.R. Choudhary, Felix S. Genske, Diego Narváez, A. H. Lerner, Mélissa J. Drignon, Jay B. Thomas, C. Waelkens, L. Moore, G. T. Thompson, Gokce Ustunisik, Tatsuhiko Kawamoto, B. D. Monteleone, E Johnson, A.J.J. Bracco Gartner, Katherine A. Kelley, Michael O. Garcia, D. M. Schwartz, Nicolas Cluzel, Paul J. Wallace, C.A. Angeles de la Torre, Leonid V. Danyushevsky, Estelle Rose-Koga, Peter J. Michael, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des sciences de la terre [Lausanne] (ISTE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Department of Earth Sciences [Eugene OR], University of Oregon [Eugene], Cornell University [New York], Graduate School of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Department of Geosciences [Blacksburg], Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Brown University, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), New Mexico State University, Smithsonian Institution, School of Earth Sciences [Hobart], University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Geophysics [Mānoa], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Earth Sciences [Durham], Durham University, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Kumamoto University, University of Shizuoka, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], University of Delaware [Newark], School of Earth and Space Sciences [Beijing], Peking University [Beijing], Instituto de Geofisica [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, University of Toronto, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Tulsa, Department of Earth Sciences [MSU Bozeman], Montana State University (MSU), Departamento de Geologia [Quito], Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSM&T), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Boise State University, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Syracuse University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), China University of Petroleum, ANR-10-LABX-0006,CLERVOLC,Clermont-Ferrand centre for research on volcanism(2010), ANR-16-IDEX-0001,CAP 20-25,CAP 20-25(2016), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Carnegie Institution for Science, and Geology and Geochemistry
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Library science, Geology, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, In situ analysis, Data presentation, Inclusion (mineral), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Melt inclusions
Abstract: Mineral-hosted melt inclusions have become an important source of information on magmatic processes. As the number of melt inclusion studies increases, so does the need to establish recommended practice guidelines for collecting and reporting melt inclusion data. These guidelines are intended to ensure certain quality criteria are met and to achieve consistency among published melt inclusion data in order to maximize their utility in the future. Indeed, with the improvement of analytical techniques, new processes affecting melt inclusions are identified. It is thus critical to be able to reprocess any previously published data, such that reporting the raw data is one of the first “recommended practices” for authors and a publication-criteria that reviewers should be sensitive to. Our guidelines start with melt inclusion selection, which is a critical first step, and then continue on to melt inclusion preparation and analysis, covering the entire field of methods applicable to melt inclusions. Dedication In March of 2000, a melt inclusion workshop was held at the Chateau de Sassenage in Grenoble and a companion issue of Chemical Geology entitled “Melt Inclusions at the Millennium” was published. Erik Hauri was heavily involved with the meeting and contributed two landmark papers to the topical issue of Chemical Geology on the use of secondary ion mass spectrometry to analyze volatiles in melt inclusions. When the melt inclusion community re-convened at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in August of 2018, we were saddened that Erik was unable to join us due to his failing health. Less than a month later came the devastating news of his passing at only 52 years of age. In recognition of his incredible contributions to science in general and to the in situ analysis of melt inclusions in particular, the participants and organizers of the WHOI melt inclusion workshop dedicate this collegial paper to Erik Hauri, our colleague, mentor and friend. Thank you Erik.
Published: 2021

7. Interfacial strain defines the self-organization of epitaxial MoO2 flakes and porous films on sapphire: experiments and modelling

Author: O. Concepción, Guillermo Santana, Jaafar Ghanbaja, C. de Melo, David Horwat, O. de Melo, Vicente Torres-Costa, Andreas Ruediger, Estrella Ramos, A. Escobosa, Y. González, University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana) (UH), Departamento de Física Aplicada [UAM Madrid], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales (Mexico, Mexico), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), and UAM. Departamento de Física Aplicada
Subjects: Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Interfacial strain, 010402 general chemistry, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, Strain energy, molybdenum oxide, Epitaxial growth, Composite material, Porosity, Deposition (law), density functional theory, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, flakes, epitaxial growth, Física, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Heterojunction, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Physics - Applied Physics, Molybdenum oxide, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Flakes, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, interfacial strain, Density functional theory, Sapphire, Close space vapour transport, 0210 nano-technology, Layer (electronics), close space vapour transport
Abstract: The epitaxy of MoO2 on c-plane sapphire substrates is examined. A theoretical approach, based on density functional theory calculations of the strain energy, allowed to predict the preferred layer/substrate epitaxial relationships. To test the results of these calculations, MoO2/(0 0 1) Al2O3 heterostructures were grown using the chemically-driven isothermal close space vapour transport technique. At the early stages of the growth, two kinds of morphologies were obtained, using the same growth parameters: lying and standing flakes. The composition and morphology, as well as the layer/substrate epitaxial relationships were determined for both kind of morphologies. Experimental epitaxial relationships coincide with those predicted by DFT calculation as the most favourable ones in terms of strain energy. For thicker films, the standing flakes evolve to form an epitaxial porous layer composed by coalesced epitaxial flakes. The interfacial strain between the sapphire substrate and MoO2 enables a self-organization from nanometer to micron scales between separated or coalesced flakes, depending on deposition condition, OdM, OC, DH and YG gratefully acknowledge the support from the program ‘‘Cátedras de Excelencia de la Comunidad de Madrid (2016- T3/IND-1428)”
Published: 2021

8. Characterization of Bean Seeds, Germination, and Phenolic Compounds of Seedlings by UV-C Radiation

Author: Mariana Palma Tenango, A. Dominguez-Pacheco, Alfredo Cruz-Orea, Claudia Hernández-Aguilar, C. Valderrama-Bravo, Marcos Soto Hernández, Jose Ordonez-Miranda, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), and Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, food.ingredient, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Bean seeds, Dry weight, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, biology, Chemistry, Secondary metabolites, Plant physiology, food and beverages, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, Sclereid, UV-C radiation, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, Seedling, Germination, Phaseolus, Agronomy and Crop Science, Cotyledon, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; We quantitatively evaluate the effects of UV-C radiation on bean seeds Oti (Phaseolus vulgaris), their germination and phenolic compounds of seedlings, by means of photoacoustic spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that (i) The photoacoustic signal produced by the bean seeds exposed to UV-C radiation during 15 min, reduces from 0.24 to 0.10 mV for the wavelengths of 295 and 340 nm, as a result of their degradation. This significant reduction of 58.3% decreases, but keeps over 50% for other spectral UV wavelengths within the interval (270-400 nm). (ii) As the UV-C radiation time increases from 2 to 15 min, the morphological changes at the surface of the bean seeds exhibit micro-holes and detachment of the cotyledon sclereids. (iii) There are no significant statistical differences in the variables of germination, dry weight, and seedling length, for exposure times up to 15 min. (iv). The phenolic acids and flavonoids of the bean seedlings of seeds treated by UV-C for different exposure times (0, 2, 5, 10, and 15 min) display significant statistical differences (P ≤ 0.05) in both roots and foliage. For both the roots and foliage, the highest concentration of phenolic acids is observed at 10 and 15 min, while for root flavonoids, it appears at 5 and 15 min.
Published: 2021

9. Rhizobium sophorae, Rhizobium laguerreae, and two novel Rhizobium genospecies associated with Vicia sativa L. in Northwest China

Author: Shanshan Peng, Philippe de Lajudie, Benyin Li, Chunzeng Liu, Chen Guo, Yimin Shang, Junjie Zhang, En Tao Wang, Wenfeng Chen, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Partenaires INRAE, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety of Henan Province, State Key Laboratory, China Agricultural University (CAU), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Agriculture Research System - Green Manure [CARS-22], National Natural Science Foundation of China [31400008], National Human and Social Security Ministry of Science and Technology for Overseas Returnees [21104000005], and Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico [SIP20171259]
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Vicia sativa, Soil Science, Plant Science, Biology, Northwest China, 01 natural sciences, Rhizobia, Phylogenetics, Rhizobium sophorae, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Rhizobium laguerreae, Rhizobium spp. nov, Phylogenetic tree, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Rhizobium, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Aims To identify the rhizobia nodulating Vicia sativa in Northwestern China and to estimate their geographic distribution. Methods Rhizobia trapped with V. sativa plants from soils at six sites in the northwest of China were classified into genotypes by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) and 16S rRNA genes, and phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping (16S rRNA, recA, atpD) and symbiotic genes were performed for the representative strains. Soil physicochemical characteristics were recorded and canonical correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations between soil features and distribution of rhizobial genotypes. Results A total of 202 rhizobial isolates were discriminated by RFLP analyses into 15 IGS types and a single 16S rRNA type, which were identified as Rhizobium by 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and as four clusters by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). Cluster 1 covering 86 strains and 7 IGS types prevalent in all sites was identified as Rhizobium laguerreae; cluster 2 was R. sophorae with 18 strains in 2 IGS types found in the site Q-GD. Each of cluster 3 and cluster 4 contained three IGS types representing two novel Rhizobium genospecies specific to Gansu Province and Shanxi Province, respectively. Four nodC phylogenetic clades were defined among the isolates. Conclusions R. sophorae, R. laguerreae, and two novel Rhizobium genospecies with diverse symbiotic genotypes are associated with Vicia sativa L. in Northwest China. Their biogeographic patterns are mainly directed by soil pH and salinity. This is the first study on the diversity of rhizobia nodulating Vicia sativa in China.
Published: 2019

10. Light emission and structure of Nd-doped Si-rich-HfO2 films prepared by magnetron sputtering in different atmospheres

Author: Vega Macotela, Leonardo Gabriel, Macotela, Vega, Torchynska, Tetyana, Khomenkova, Larysa, Gourbilleau, Fabrice, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Infrared, Annealing (metallurgy), Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], General Materials Science, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Argon, Doping, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Light emission, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Radio-frequency magnetron sputtering was used to produce HfO 2 films doped with Nd, Si and N. The deposition was carried out in two different atmospheres: i) in pure argon plasma to grow Si-HfO 2 :Nd films, and ii) in argon-nitrogen mixed plasma to produce SiN -HfO 2 :Nd films. The effect of annealing temperature on optical and structural properties of the films was investigated. Annealing was performed at T A = 800-1100 °C for t A = 15 min in nitrogen atmosphere. The evolution of film's properties was studied by means of the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photo-luminescence (PL) methods. It was observed that the film morphology depends significantly on the deposition atmosphere. For the Si-HfO 2 :Nd films, the presence of the grains with the mean size about 100 nm was detected by the SEM method. The tetragonal HfO 2 and SiO 2 phases have been detected by the XRD method after film annealing at 950 °C. PL spectra of these films are complex and demonstrate several PL bands in the visible (400-750 nm) and infrared (800-1430 nm) spectral ranges. Their contribution depends on the annealing temperature and governs the shape of total PL spectrum. In contrary, the SiN -HfO 2 :Nd films showed unstructured smooth surface as well as featureless PL spectra. Whatever the annealing temperature, they demonstrate broad unstructured PL band with the peak within 440-480 nm. Peculiarities of PL spectra of both types of the films and the mechanism of phase separation are analyzed and discussed.
Published: 2019

11. Structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its natural mutants found in Mexican population

Author: Martiniano Bello, Bruno Landeros-Rivera, Yudibeth Sixto-López, José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado, José Correa-Basurto, Sarita Montaño, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire de chimie théorique (LCT), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Protein Conformation, Science, Sequence alignment, Plasma protein binding, Biology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, medicine.disease_cause, Ligands, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, Point Mutation, Amino Acid Sequence, Binding site, Peptide sequence, Mexico, Coronavirus, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, 010304 chemical physics, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Drug discovery, SARS-CoV-2, Point mutation, Wild type, virus diseases, COVID-19, 3. Good health, Computational biology and bioinformatics, Molecular Docking Simulation, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Medicine, Sequence Alignment
Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerged coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); it become a pandemic since March 2020. To date, there have been described three lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating worldwide, two of them are found among Mexican population, within these, we observed three mutations of spike (S) protein located at amino acids H49Y, D614G, and T573I. To understand if these mutations could affect the structural behavior of S protein of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the binding with S protein inhibitors (cepharanthine, nelfinavir, and hydroxychloroquine), molecular dynamic simulations and molecular docking were employed. It was found that these punctual mutations affect considerably the structural behavior of the S protein compared to wild type, which also affect the binding of its inhibitors into their respective binding site. Thus, further experimental studies are needed to explore if these affectations have an impact on drug-S protein binding and its possible clinical effect.
Published: 2021

12. Thermal-Wave Diode

Author: Juan Jose Alvarado-Gil, Sebastian Volz, Jose Ordonez-Miranda, Masahiro Nomura, Yangyu Guo, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronics Systems (LIMMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), and Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV)
Subjects: Materials science, Diffusion equation, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, PACS: 65.40.-b, 65.60.+a, 65.90.+i, Thermal conductivity, Heat flux, Rectification, Volumetric heat capacity, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Diode
Abstract: International audience; Based on the spatiotemporal modulation of thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity, we propose a thermal-wave diode characterized by the rectification of the heat currents carried by thermal waves. By transforming Fourier's law for the heat flux and the diffusion equation for the temperature into equations with constant coefficients, it is shown that: (i) the rectification effect is generated by the simultaneous wavelike modulation of both thermal properties, such that it disappears in the absence of either of them, and (ii) the rectification factor can be optimized and tuned by means of the speed and phase difference of the variations of the heat capacity and thermal conductivity. High rectification factors, greater than 86%, are obtained for lower frequencies driving the propagation of thermal waves. The proposed thermal-wave diode is thus analogous to its electronic counterpart operating with modulated electrical currents and can open a vista for developing different types of thermal-wave logic components.
Published: 2021

13. Evolution of Morphology, Structure and Emission in Si-rich HfO 2 :Nd films with Annealing Times

Author: Tetyana Torchynska, Larysa Khomenkova, Fabrice Gourbilleau, L Vega, J Casas, A Rivero, UPIITA-IPN [Mexico], Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Escuela Superior de Fisica y Matematicas [Mexico] (ESFM), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME Ticomán (IPM), V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanomatériaux, Ions et Métamatériaux pour la Photonique (NIMPH), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)
Subjects: History, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Scanning electron microscope, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Education, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010309 optics, Crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Tetragonal crystal system, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Argon, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, Computer Science Applications, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]
Abstract: The impact of the time at high temperature annealing on the morphology, crystal structure and emission in visible spectral range has been studied in Si rich HfO2:Nd films produced by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering in pure argon plasma. The annealing was carried out at 900 °C for 1, 5, 10, 30 and 60 min in the nitrogen atmosphere. A set of experimental methods have been used, such as: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL). In the present work the joint analysis of PL and XRD results permits us to estimate the optimal time parameters of annealing at 900 °C the Si-HfO2: Nd films for obtaining the bright emission via 4f electronic levels of the Nd ions embedded in the tetragonal HfO2 phase mainly after long annealing (30- 60 min). The film oxidation for annealing times (60 min) stimulated some crystal phase transformation with the start of formation of the tetragonal SiO2 phase, that is accompanied by the defect generation and decreasing the PL intensity. The discussion of PL and XRD results is presented in detail.
Published: 2021

14. Defining the Rhizobium leguminosarum Species Complex

Author: En Tao Wang, Aregu Amsalu Aserse, Raúl Rivas González, José David Flores Félix, Anastasia P. Tampakaki, Marta Maluk, Encarna Velázquez, Arvind Gulati, Stéphane Boivin, M. Harun-or Rashid, Marc Lepetit, Euan K. James, Chang Fu Tian, Sara Moeskjær, Beatriz Jorrin, Sameh H. Youseif, Alexey M. Afonin, Michael F. Hynes, Evgeny E. Andronov, Martha-Helena Ramírez-Bahena, Gregory Kenicer, Alvaro Peix, J. Peter W. Young, Praveen Rahi, Benjamin J. Perry, Maria Izabel A. Cavassim, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, European Commission, Velázquez, Encarna, Rivas, Raúl, Peix, Álvaro, Ramírez Bahena, M. Helena, University of York [York, UK], Aarhus University [Aarhus], All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology [Saint-Pétersbourg, Russie] (ARRIAM), Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Inst Biochim & Biophys Mol & Cellulaire, Unite Mixte Rech 8619, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), The James Hutton Institute, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Inst Politecn Nacl, CICATA, Queretaro 76090, Mexico, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Universidad de Salamanca, Agricultural University of Athens, University of Beira Interior [Portugal] (UBI), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas [Egypte] (ICARDA), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Oxford, Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], University of Calgary, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, China Agricultural University (CAU), ANR-16-CE20-0021,GRaSP,Caractérisation du déterminisme génétique du choix du partenaire symbiotique pour une amélioration de la symbiose fixatrice d'azote chez le pois(2016), European Project: 613551,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,LEGATO(2014), Velázquez, Encarna [0000-0002-5946-7241], Rivas, Raúl [0000-0003-2202-1470], Peix, Álvaro [0000-0001-5084-1586], and Ramírez Bahena, M. Helena [0000-0002-0744-8313]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 0106 biological sciences, Species complex, housekeeping, lcsh:QH426-470, Genospecies, bacterial taxonomy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Speciation, 030106 microbiology, housekeeping genes, macromolecular substances, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Rhizobium leguminosarum, 03 medical and health sciences, genospecies, Phylogenetics, Genetics, Core genes, medicine, biochemistry, core genes, genes, Clade, species complex, Gene, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Housekeeping genes, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, average nucleotide identity, Bacterial taxonomy, Average nucleotide identity, musculoskeletal system, Housekeeping gene, body regions, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Sister group, speciation, Evolutionary biology, Rhizobium, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Bacteria currently included in Rhizobium leguminosarum are too diverse to be considered a single species, so we can refer to this as a species complex (the Rlc). We have found 429 publicly available genome sequences that fall within the Rlc and these show that the Rlc is a distinct entity, well separated from other species in the genus. Its sister taxon is R. anhuiense. We constructed a phylogeny based on concatenated sequences of 120 universal (core) genes, and calculated pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) between all genomes. From these analyses, we concluded that the Rlc includes 18 distinct genospecies, plus 7 unique strains that are not placed in these genospecies. Each genospecies is separated by a distinct gap in ANI values, usually at approximately 96% ANI, implying that it is a &lsquo, natural&rsquo, unit. Five of the genospecies include the type strains of named species: R. laguerreae, R. sophorae, R. ruizarguesonis, &ldquo, R. indicum&rdquo, and R. leguminosarum itself. The 16S ribosomal RNA sequence is remarkably diverse within the Rlc, but does not distinguish the genospecies. Partial sequences of housekeeping genes, which have frequently been used to characterize isolate collections, can mostly be assigned unambiguously to a genospecies, but alleles within a genospecies do not always form a clade, so single genes are not a reliable guide to the true phylogeny of the strains. We conclude that access to a large number of genome sequences is a powerful tool for characterizing the diversity of bacteria, and that taxonomic conclusions should be based on all available genome sequences, not just those of type strains.
Published: 2021

15. A closer examination of the ‘abundant centre’ hypothesis for reef fishes

Author: Valeriano Parravicini, Jonathan Belmaker, Itai Granot, Jesús Ernesto Arias-González, Alan M. Friedlander, Pascale Chabanet, Hagar Yancovitch Shalom, Shane A. Blowes, Sergio R. Floeter, Camille Mellin, Carlos E. L. Ferreira, Michel Kulbicki, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Partenaires INRAE, Australian Institute of Marine Science [Townsville] (AIMS Townsville), Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), University of Adelaide, Fluminense Federal University [Niterói], Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Perpignan]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina = Federal University of Santa Catarina [Florianópolis] (UFSC), Ecologie marine tropicale dans les Océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Réunion]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and This work was partially supported by an Israel Science Foundation (ISF) grant number 1356/15 to JB.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Range (biology), Coral reef fish, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biogeography, Marine habitats, ‘abundant centre’ hypothesis, Occupancy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Meta-analysis, Segmented regression, Abundance, Abundance (ecology), Reef fish, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Transect, Reef, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: AIM: The ‘abundant centre’ hypothesis states that species are more abundant at the centre of their range. However, several recent large‐scale studies have failed to find evidence for such a pattern. Here we used extensive global data of reef fishes to test the ‘abundant centre’ pattern, and to examine variation in the abundance patterns across species using life history and ecological traits. LOCATION: Marine habitat at a global extent: from Indo‐Pacific to Atlantic reefs. METHODS: We used underwater visual estimates of fish abundance, containing 22,963 transects and 1,215 species. For each species we calculated the slope between abundance and distance to the range centre, with the range centre estimated using four different methods. We tested whether abundance patterns differ between the range core and margins using segmented regression. Meta‐analytic methods were used to synthesize results across species, and to test whether species traits can explain variation in the fit to the pattern among species. RESULTS: The method used to define the range centre had a large effect on the results. Nevertheless, in all cases we found large variation between species. Results of the segmented regression revealed that changes in abundance across the range core are very small and that steep declines in abundance happen only towards the range margins. Body size and mean abundance were the main traits affecting the fit to the pattern across species. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: We find large variation across species in the fit to the abundance centre pattern. Nevertheless, we do find support for a general pattern of a range core with high, but variable, abundance and steep decline in abundance towards the range periphery. Thus, species do tend to be rare at the range margins, making them sensitive to extirpation due to both natural and anthropogenic impacts.
Published: 2020

16. Exploring Antifouling Activity of Biosurfactants Producing Marine Bacteria Isolated from Gulf of California

Author: Monserrat Alemán-Vega, Ilse Sánchez-Lozano, Claire Hellio, Erika T. Quintana, Claudia J. Hernández-Guerrero, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This research was funded by INSTITUTO POLITECNICO NACIONAL, grant number SIP-20202083., and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Geologic Sediments, Biofouling, Ralstoniasp, Bacillus niabensis, Bacillus, paint particles, Ralstonia, 01 natural sciences, Bacterial Adhesion, biofilm, surfactants, lcsh:Chemistry, biosurfactants, Marine bacteriophage, Ralstonia sp, Food science, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, degradation, mechanisms, biology, Chemistry, actinobacteria, General Medicine, natural-products, Antimicrobial, environmentally friendly antifouling, Hemolysis, Computer Science Applications, Anti-Bacterial Agents, adhesion, purification, field assays, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Catalysis, Article, diversity, soil, Inorganic Chemistry, settlement, 03 medical and health sciences, Surface-Active Agents, 010608 biotechnology, Gram-Negative Bacteria, medicine, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Mexico, ACL, Organic Chemistry, Biofilm, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Sponge, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Biofilms, Culture Media, Conditioned, Artemia, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bacteria
Abstract: Biofouling causes major problems and economic losses to marine and shipping industries. In the search for new antifouling agents, marine bacteria with biosurfactants production capability can be an excellent option, due to the amphipathic surface-active characteristic that confers antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifouling activity of biosurfactants producing marine bacteria from the Gulf of California. The cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Bacillus niabensis (S-69), Ralstonia sp. (S-74) (isolated from marine sediment) and of B. niabensis (My-30) (bacteria associated to the sponge Mycale ramulosa) were screened for production of biosurfactants (using hemolysis and drop collapse test, oil displacement and emulsifying activity). The toxicity and antifouling activity were evaluated against biofoulers (bacteria forming biofilm and macrofoulers) both in laboratory and field assays. The results indicate that all bacteria were biosurfactant producers, but the higher capability was shown by B. niabensis (My-30) with high emulsifying properties (E24) of 71%. The CFCS showed moderate toxicity but were considered non-toxic against Artemia franciscana at low concentrations. In the antifouling assay, the CFCS of both strains of B. niabensis showed the best results for the reduction of the biofilm formation (up 50%) against all Gram-positive bacteria and most Gram-negative bacteria with low concentrations. In the field assay, the CFCS of B. niabensis (My-30) led to the reduction of 30% of biofouling compared to the control. The results indicate that the biosurfactant produced by B. niabensis (My-30) has promising antifouling activity.
Published: 2020

17. Coastline variability of several Latin American cities alongside Pacific Ocean due to the unusual 'Sea Swell' events of 2015

Author: Francisco Reyes Hernandez, M.P. Jonathan, Gowrappan Muthusankar, C. Lakshumanan, P. Godwyn-Paulson, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bharathidasan University [Tiruchirappalli, India]
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sea swell 2015, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Latin American countries, Coastal cities, Bathymetry, 14. Life underwater, Chile, Cities, Coastal flood, Mexico, Sea level, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Shore, geography, Pacific Ocean, geography.geographical_feature_category, Inundation, General Medicine, Pollution, Swell, Latin America, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Thematic Mapper, El Niño/Southern Oscillation, DSAS, Tide gauge, Geology, Environmental Monitoring, Accretion (coastal management)
Abstract: International audience; This study aims to report the short-term coastline dynamics and inundation limits of coastal cities along the Eastern Pacific due to the sea swell events that occurred during April to May 2015. The multi-temporal satellite datasets from Landsat such as Enhanced Thematic Mapper (L7 ETM+) and Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (L8 OLI/TIRS) of different periods before and after the swell events were used to identify the shoreline changes. The satellite images were pre-processed using ERDAS imagine 9.2, and the coastline was digitized in ArcGIS 10.4.1 for ten cities spread across from Mexico to Chile (in Pacific coast) using the spectral water indices, and the shoreline change rate and erosion/accretion pattern at each transect were estimated using the statistical parameters embedded in Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The maximum erosion and accretion were observed in El Salvador (268 m) and Huatulco (Mexico) (115 m), respectively. Likewise, the maximum inundation was observed in El Salvador with 268 m and Acapulco (Mexico) with 254 m, and the tide gauge data suggest a possible relation to the bathymetry and the geomorphological conditions of the coast. Overall, the results indicate that the Eastern Pacific Ocean side sea swell events has led to extreme coastal flooding in recent years due to the increase in the mean sea level and the unpredictable variation in El Niño/Southern Oscillation events.
Published: 2020

18. Light Emission in Nd Doped Si-Rich HfO2 Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

Author: Fabrice Gourbilleau, Larysa Khomenkova, Tetyana Torchynska, L. G. Vega Macotela, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica - Unidad Profesional Ticomán (ESIME-UPT), V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanomatériaux, Ions et Métamatériaux pour la Photonique (NIMPH), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Annealing (metallurgy), Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, symbols, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Light emission, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Raman scattering
Abstract: Hafnium oxide films doped with Si and Nd atoms were produced by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering of a HfO2 target topped with calibrated Si and Nd2O3 pellets in pure argon plasma followed by an annealing in nitrogen atmosphere during tA = 15 min at different temperatures (TA = 800–1100°C). The evolution of structural, chemical and luminescent properties of the films with TA was studied by means of the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) methods. The SEM method revealed that the surface of as-deposited film consists of the grains with the mean size of 20–60 nm. Annealing treatment stimulated the growing of the grains (up to 100 nm in lateral size) and film densification. The presence of Si-rich phase was detected by Raman scattering spectra in as-deposited films and those annealed at low TA. The TA increase results in the phase separation process. For the films annealed at TA > 950°C, the tetragonal HfO2 and SiO2 phases were clearly detected by the XRD method. PL spectra of the films were found to be complex. They demonstrated several PL bands in the visible (400–750 nm) and infrared (800–1430 nm) spectral ranges. Besides PL components caused by the recombination of carriers via host defects, the PL signal from Nd3+ ions due to the transition in the 4f inner electronic shell was observed. The highest Nd3+ related PL signal was observed for the films annealed at TA = 950°C. Peculiarities of PL excitation and the mechanism of the phase separation are analysed and discussed.
Published: 2020

19. Genomic landscape of the global oak phylogeny

Author: Guido W. Grimm, M. Socorro González-Elizondo, Ernst Detlef Schulze, Michael Avishai, Sorel Fitz-Gibbon, Antonio González-Rodríguez, Victoria L. Sork, Xiao-Long Jiang, Andrew L. Hipp, John D. McVay, Andrew A. Crowl, Antoine Kremer, Thomas Denk, Oliver Gailing, Marlene Hahn, Hernando Rodríguez-Correa, Christophe Plomion, Isabelle Lesur, Paul S. Manos, Susana Valencia-Ávalos, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Marco Cosimo Simeone, Catherine Bodénès, Min Deng, The Morton Arboretum, Duke University [Durham], The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Minnesota [Morris], University of Minnesota System, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Gene Flow, genomic mosaicism, Physiology, Lineage (evolution), oaks, Population, education, introgression, Introgression, Plant Science, Biology, restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Quercus, Phylogenetics, tree diversity, Phylogenomics, Clade, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Phylogenetic tree, diversification rates, phylogenomics, Genomics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Fagaceae, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: SummaryThe tree of life is highly reticulate, with the history of population divergence buried amongst phylogenies deriving from introgression and lineage sorting. In this study, we test the hypothesis that there are regions of the oak (Quercus, Fagaceae) genome that are broadly informative about phylogeny and investigate global patterns of oak diversity.We utilize fossil data and restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) for 632 individuals representing ca. 250 oak species to infer a time-calibrated phylogeny of the world’s oaks. We use reversible-jump MCMC to reconstruct shifts in lineage diversification rates, accounting for among-clade sampling biases. We then map the > 20,000 RAD-seq loci back to a recently published oak genome and investigate genomic distribution of introgression and phylogenetic support across the phylogeny.Oak lineages have diversified among geographic regions, followed by ecological divergence within regions, in the Americas and Eurasia. Roughly 60% of oak diversity traces back to four clades that experienced increases in net diversification due to climatic transitions or ecological opportunity.The support we find for the phylogeny contrasts with high genomic heterogeneity in phylogenetic signal and introgression. Oaks are phylogenomic mosaics, and their diversity may in fact depend on the gene flow that shapes the oak genome.
Published: 2020

20. Annealing impact on emission and phase varying of Nd-doped Si-rich-HfO2 films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering

Author: Larysa Khomenkova, Fabrice Gourbilleau, Tetyana Torchynska, L. G. Vega Macotela, L. Lartundo Rojas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica - Unidad Profesional Ticomán (ESIME-UPT), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Analytical chemistry, Thermal treatment, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Tetragonal crystal system, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Light emission
Abstract: International audience; HfO2 films doped with Nd and Si atoms were produced by RF magnetron sputtering in argon plasma atmosphere. The effect of annealing treatment on the morphology, crystal structure and light emission of the films was investigated by means of the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal treatment was performed in the temperature range of TA = 800–1100 °C in horizontal furnace with continuous nitrogen flow. For annealed Si–HfO2:Nd films, the SEM study revealed the formation of the grains with the mean size of about 20–60 nm that show the tendency to enlarge with the TA rise. Besides, the phase separation was observed and tetragonal HfO2 and SiO2 phases were detected by the XRD method for the films annealed at TA > 950 °C. The PL study revealed that both Nd3+ ions and host defects contribute to PL emission whereas their relative contribution depends on the TA and on the crystal phase of host matrix. The highest PL intensity of Nd3+ ions via 4f inner electronic shell levels was detected for TA = 950 °C. The variation of PL intensity of Nd3+ ions was correlated with the change of PL intensity of the band caused by the host defects. These latter participate in the energy transfer towards Nd3+ ions. This statement was confirmed by XPS data, as well as by the shape of PL spectra. It was shown that the bright emission via Nd3+ ions can be achieved for those located in the tetragonal HfO2 matrix.
Published: 2020

21. Background subtraction in real applications: Challenges, current models and future directions

Author: Belmar Garcia-Garcia, Thierry Bouwmans, Alberto Jorge Rosales Silva, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Mathématiques, Image et Applications - EA 3165 (MIA), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)
Subjects: Background subtraction, Foreground detection, General Computer Science, Computer science, business.industry, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, USable, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical Computer Science, Visual surveillance, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Robustness (computer science), [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, Omnidirectional antenna, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Computer vision applications based on videos often require the detection of moving objects in their first step. Background subtraction is then applied in order to separate the background and the foreground. In literature, background subtraction is surely among the most investigated field in computer vision providing a big amount of publications. Most of them concern the application of mathematical and machine learning models to be more robust to the challenges met in videos. However, the ultimate goal is that the background subtraction methods developed in research could be employed in real applications like traffic surveillance. But looking at the literature, we can remark that there is often a gap between the current methods used in real applications and the current methods in fundamental research. In addition, the videos evaluated in large-scale datasets are not exhaustive in the way that they only covered a part of the complete spectrum of the challenges met in real applications. In this context, we attempt to provide the most exhaustive survey as possible on real applications that used background subtraction in order to identify the real challenges met in practice, the current used background models and to provide future directions. Thus, challenges are investigated in terms of camera (i.e CCD cameras, omnidirectional cameras, …), foreground objects and environments. In addition, we identify the background models that are effectively used in these applications in order to find potential usable recent background models in terms of robustness, time and memory requirements.
Published: 2020

22. Metabolic responses of adult lion’s paw scallops Nodipecten subnodosus exposed to acute hyperthermia in relation to seasonal reproductive effort

Author: Rosa L. Salgado-García, M. Teresa Sicard, Ilie S. Racotta, Alma R. Rivera-Camacho, Claudia I. Maytorena-Verdugo, Edouard Kraffe, Marcial Arellano-Martínez, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Hot Temperature, age-dependent changes, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, rates, 01 natural sciences, adductor muscle, Gametogenesis, thermal tolerance, stress, Adenosine Triphosphate, Nodipecten subnodosus, Hexokinase, Energy charge, lcsh:Science, media_common, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Reproduction, Ectotherm, chlamys-islandica, Female, Guanosine Triphosphate, Seasons, adenylate energy-charge, performance, Hyperthermia, Inosine monophosphate, media_common.quotation_subject, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Acclimatization, Article, Oxygen Consumption, Animal science, escape responses, medicine, Animals, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, lcsh:R, intracellular ph, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Pectinidae, 13. Climate action, lcsh:Q, Adductor muscles, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Energy Metabolism, Heat-Shock Response
Abstract: In marine ectotherms, reproduction is an energetically expensive process that affects their thermal window tolerance. For most species, the impacts of hyperthermia during gametogenesis have still not been addressed. Our aim was to assess the metabolic response of adult Nodipecten subnodosus scallops to thermal challenges at early development (spring) and advanced gonad maturation (summer). Scallops collected in both seasons were exposed to acute hyperthermia (26 and 30 °C, 24 h), maintaining a group of scallops at acclimation temperature (22 °C) as a control condition. During the summer, relatively low activity of hexokinase (HK), as well as low levels of ATP and GTP were found in the adductor muscle, suggesting a shift in energy investment for reproduction, although arginine phosphate (ArgP) levels were higher in summer scallops. Hyperthermia (30 °C) induced an increased energy expenditure reflected by a transitory enhanced oxygen consumption (VO2) and relatively high activities of HK and arginine kinase (AK). Moreover, a slight decrease in adenylic energy charge (AEC) was partially compensated by a decrease in ArgP. An increase in nucleotide by-products inosine monophosphate (IMP) and hypoxanthine (HX) indicated a thermal stress at 30 °C. Some of the responses to acute hyperthermia were more pronounced at advanced maturation stages (summer scallops), indicating a possible lack of energy balance, with possible implications in animals challenged to global warming scenario.
Published: 2020

23. Photoacoustic Spectroscopy in the Characterization of Bread with Turmeric Addition

Author: Claudia Hernández-Aguilar, Jose Ordonez-Miranda, C. Valderrama-Bravo, Alfredo Cruz-Orea, E. Martínez Ortiz, A. Dominguez-Pacheco, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronics Systems (LIMMS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, Wheat flour, bread, Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine, antioxidant activity, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, wheat flour, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, 010608 biotechnology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, Food science, Curcuma, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Bread making, photoacoustic spectroscopy, biology, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, turmeric, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Chewiness, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; In this research, we to apply photoacoustic spectroscopy and evaluate bread added with turmeric (Curcuma longa Linnaeus) at different concentrations in relation to wheat flour weight (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10%). The amplitude of the photoacoustic signal was related to measures of antioxidant activity and evaluate the sanitary quality and also, the texture, color and sensory acceptability of the breads. It is shown that: i) The photoacoustic signal produced by bread significantly increases with the turmeric concentration, such that it raises more than 100% for a concentration of 10% at the wavelengths of 428 and 515nm. ii) The Bread antioxidant activity is directly proportional to the level of photoacoustic signal at 515 nm and its value increases from 73.21% to 91.73%, when the concentration increases from 0 to 10%. iii) The sanitary quality of bread added with 2.5 % of turmeric is relatively higher than the ones obtained for other lower concentrations. No fungal colonies were observed in bread mixed with 2.5%, 5% and 10%, after six days of storage. iv) The addition of turmeric powder for bread making can slow down their textural changes (hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, resilience and chewiness) during storage. v) Bread at 2.5 and 5% of turmeric concentration showed the yellowest color, while the one with a 10% concentration exhibited the most reddish color. Finally, through Principal component analysis it was possible to demonstrate that a concentration of either 5 or 10% of turmeric added to wheat flour could be used to improve its sanitary quality and antioxidant activity.
Published: 2020

24. Comment on Stefanescu, D.M.; Alonso, G.; Suarez, R. Recent Developments in Understanding Nucleation and Crystallization of Spheroidal Graphite in Iron-Carbon-Silicon Alloys. Metals 2020, 10, 221

Author: Jacques Lacaze, M. J. Castro-Román, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CINVESTAV-IPN (MEXICO)
Subjects: lcsh:TN1-997, Materials science, Silicon, Matériaux, Nucleation, chemistry.chemical_element, Thermodynamics, Model parameters, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Spheroidal Graphite, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Iron-Carbon-Silicon Alloys, General Materials Science, Graphite, Crystallization, lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy, 010302 applied physics, Metals and Alloys, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, n/a, chemistry, engineering, Cast iron, 0210 nano-technology, Carbon
Abstract: International audience; In an article published in this journal in February 2020, Stefanescu et al. reviewed recent developments in understanding nucleation and growth of spheroidal graphite in cast iron. The intention of the present comment is not to discuss the merits and limits of this highly documentedpaper in general, but to correct erroneous statements made by the authors in their Section 5.1. One of the approaches reviewed in this section is the work by Theuwissen et al., who suggested that the 2-D poly-nucleation-growth (PNG) mechanism applied by Amini and Abbaschian] to describe the formation of polyhedral graphite plates in Ni–C alloys might also be operational for flake and spheroidal graphite in cast iron melts. This hypothesis has been supported by the analytical calculations of Lacaze et al., and it is this latter work which is severely criticized by Stefanescu et al. in section 5.1 of their paper [1]. In the following, we detail that the supposed numerical incongruities and seemingly shortcomings of the work by Lacaze et al. are not real, but are based on a severe misinterpretation of the analytical model parameters and results.
Published: 2020

25. A Roadmap for using the UN decade of ocean science for sustainable development in support of science, policy, and action

Author: Anny Cazenave, Jacqueline Uku, Agathe Euzen, M. Araujo, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Cyrille Barnerias, Elva Escobar-Briones, Patricia Ricard, Nathalie Hilmi, Silva Osvaldina, Stéphanie Thiébault, Johanna J. Heymans, Antoine Pebayle, Alexander Turra, Nele Matz-Lück, Lauren S. Mullineaux, Patricia Miloslavich, Julian Barbière, Martin Visbeck, Cameron Diver, Amadou Thierno Gaye, Robert T. Watson, Romain Troublé, Torsten Thiele, Remi Parmentier, Frédéric Ménard, Norma Patricia Muñoz, Cyril Moulin, Joachim Claudet, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Anna Zivian, Laurent Bopp, Denis Bailly, Françoise Gaill, Isabelle Ansorge, Peter M. Haugan, Rodolphe Devillers, William W. L. Cheung, Salvatore Arico, Ricardo S. Santos, Victor Brun, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Chris Bowler, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia (UBC), Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICMYL), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institute of Marine Research [Bergen] (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB), European Marine Board, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Ocean Conservancy, Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Laboratoria de Oceanografia Fisica Estuarina e Costeira, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Française pour la Biodiversité (AFB), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pacific community (SPC), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Laboratoire de Physique de l'Atmosphère et de l'Océan Siméon Fongang (LPAO-SF), École Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar (ESP), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), The Varda Group, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Instituto Nacional de Desenvolvimento das Pescas (INDP), Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard, Instituto do Mar - Universidade dos Açores (IMAR-UAc), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies [Potsdam] (IASS), Tara Expéditions, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute - KMFRI (KENYA), Plateforme Océan et Climat, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Information et des Systèmes (LSIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DEAL Martinique, MEDDTL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Musee oceanographique de Monaco, UMR 212 EME 'écosystèmes marins exploités' (EME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, United Nations, media_common.quotation_subject, Climate change, [SDU.STU.OC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Fish stock, 01 natural sciences, Literacy, 12. Responsible consumption, Political science, 11. Sustainability, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 14. Life underwater, Environmental planning, human well-being, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, policy levers, Sustainable development, transformative actions, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean chemistry, ocean health, sustainability, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Transformative learning, 13. Climate action, Sustainability, Science policy, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, strategy
Abstract: The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.
Published: 2020

26. Exploring plant root-fungal interactions in a neotropical freshwater wetland

Author: Patricia Castilla-Hernández, Claudia Hernández-Díaz, Gilberto Vela-Correa, A. Penélope Solís-Hernández, Diederik van Tuinen, Jazmín Santillán-Manjarrez, Martha Signoret-Poillon, Aurora Chimal-Hernández, Ignacio E. Maldonado-Mendoza, Facundo Rivera-Becerril, Universidad Autónoma Metropoltana Xochimilco (UAMX), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR Unidad Sinaloa), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)
Subjects: geography, Neotropics, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 020209 energy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant root, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Mimosa pigra, Wetland, gleysol, 02 engineering and technology, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, 15. Life on land, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Cyperus articulatus, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, dark septate endophyte fungi, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Background: Wetlands in Neotropics harbor high fungal diversity, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). This study describes the interaction of plant roots with AMF and DSE in a freshwater wetland belonging to a hotspot of biodiversity. Hypothesis: Differential root colonization between arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi is influenced by plant species and abiotic conditions in a freshwater wetland. Studied species: Plant species colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi. Methods: Properties of soils and the water column, floristic composition, root colonization by AMF and DSE, and molecular identification of AMF inside roots were studied. Results: Soils were Gleysol and flooded during the rainy season. Most of identified plant species were herbaceous, with Cyperus articulatus and Mimosa pigra as the dominant species. Seven of 8 analyzed plant species exhibited differential co-colonization between AMF and DSE. Repeated sampling for one year under flooding/dry conditions demonstrated that C. articulatus and M. pigra were mainly associated with DSE and AMF, respectively. A positive correlation between dissolved O2 in the water column and fungal colonization was observed in C. articulatus . Glomerales and Archaeosporales were molecularly identified inside roots containing arbuscules of M. pigra . Conclusions: Findings highlight differential coexistence between AMF and DSE in plant roots; fungal colonization was influenced by flooding/dry conditions in a neotropical wetland; the community of AMF inside arbusculated roots of M. pigra includes at least four clades.
Published: 2019

27. Biomimetic Approaches for the Development of New Antifouling Solutions: Study of Incorporation of Macroalgae and Sponge Extracts for the Development of New Environmentally-Friendly Coatings

Author: Claudia J. Hernández-Guerrero, Ilse Sánchez-Lozano, Claire Hellio, Mauricio Muñoz-Ochoa, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cell Extracts, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Aquatic Organisms, extracts, Biofouling, phenoloxidase, Haliclona caerulea, 01 natural sciences, Bacterial Adhesion, biofilm, lcsh:Chemistry, Marine bacteriophage, Anti-Infective Agents, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Biomimetics, Sargassum horridum, Ircinia, lcsh:QH301-705.5, sponges, Spectroscopy, metabolites, Laurencia gardneri, algae, biology, Monophenol Monooxygenase, Chemistry, antifouling, General Medicine, natural-products, Computer Science Applications, Chemical ecology, adhesion, Environmental chemistry, Ircinia sp, marine sponge, field assays, bacillus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Article, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Development, 14. Life underwater, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, sargassum beds, Bacteria, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Organic Chemistry, Biofilm, Laurencia, 15. Life on land, Seaweed, biology.organism_classification, Sponge, antibacterial, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Biofilms, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, gulf-of-california, Biomarkers
Abstract: Biofouling causes major economic losses in the maritime industry. In our site study, the Bay of La Paz (Gulf of California), biofouling on immersed structures is a major problem and is treated mostly with copper-based antifouling paints. Due to the known environmental effect of such treatments, the search for environmentally friendly alternatives in this zone of high biodiversity is a priority to ensure the conservation and protection of species. The aim of this work was to link chemical ecology to marine biotechnology: indeed, the natural defense of macroalgae and sponge was evaluated against biofoulers (biofilm and macrofoulers) from the same geographical zone, and some coatings formulation was done for field assays. Our approach combines in vitro and field bioassays to ensure the selection of the best AF agent prospects. The 1st step consisted of the selection of macroalgae (5 species) and sponges (2 species) with surfaces harboring a low level of colonizers, then extracts were prepared and assayed for toxicity against Artemia, activity towards key marine bacteria involved in biofilm formation in the Bay of La Paz, and the potency to inhibit adhesion of macroorganisms (phenoloxidase assays). The most active and non-toxic extracts were further studied for biofouling activity in the adhesion of the bacteria involved in biofilm formation and through incorporation in marine coatings which were immersed in La Paz Bay during 40 days. In vitro assays demonstrated that extracts of Laurencia gardneri, Sargassum horridum (macroalgae), Haliclona caerulea and Ircinia sp. (sponges) were the most promising. The field test results were of high interest as the best formulation were composed of extracts of H. caerulea and S. horridum and led to a reduction of 32% of biofouling compared with the control.
Published: 2019

28. Evolution of southern Mexican Pacific coastline: Responses to meteo-oceanographic and physiographic conditions

Author: Norma Patricia Muñoz-Sevilla, Priyadarsi D. Roy, Gowrappan Muthusankar, P. F. Rodríguez-Espinosa, P. Godwyn-Paulson, M.P. Jonathan, C. Lakshumanan, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre for Disaster Management and Coastal Research, Department of Remote Sensing, Bharathidasan University
Subjects: Oaxaca coast, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteo-oceanographic impact, Wetland, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Future prediction, Short/long-term rate, 0502 economics and business, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Mexico, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shore, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Discharge, 05 social sciences, Landsat imagery, Estuary, 15. Life on land, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Erosion, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, Coastal management, 050203 business & management, Accretion (coastal management)
Abstract: The coast of Oaxaca, along the southern Mexican Pacific coastline, is home to diverse ecosystems, which undergoes significant erosion and accretion due to natural and anthropogenic influences. This study aims in analysing the historical shoreline variations and predicting the future changes for better coastal management plans. In order to study the long-term variations in shoreline, Landsat time-series satellite imageries between 1973 and 2020 were evaluated. Overall, the results indicate that the coast is highly dominated by accretion (74%) process, with the most significant changes occurring at the estuarine areas and beaches. Linear Regression Rate (LRR) and Weighted Linear Regression (WLR) methods showed mean variations at rates of 1.2 ± 2.5 and 0.4 ± 2.5 m/yr for the long-term period. The analysis of seven short-term periods (for every 5 years between 1986–2020) identified the maximum mean erosion of −20.6 m during 2005–2010 and accretion of 18.7 m during 2000–2005. However, the forecasted rate of change for the period 2030 and 2040 using End Point Rate (EPR) statistics revealed that the northern region would continue to move seaward at a rate of + 0 . 26 m/yr and the coastline of southern region would move landward at a possible rate of − 0 . 45 m/yr. The natural factors such as rainfall, river discharge, hurricane, and wave dynamics are the main drivers of shoreline changes along the estuarine and wetland areas. Contrarily, the anthropogenic factors such as breakwaters and urbanization are responsible for coastline dynamics along the beaches and ports. Henceforth, the estuarine region, lagoon openings, and tourist beaches require utmost attention as the sediment flow in these regions are not monitored constantly.
Published: 2021

29. Phase transformation and light emission in Er-doped Si-rich HfO 2 films prepared by magnetron sputtering

Author: Fabrice Gourbilleau, Larysa Khomenkova, Tetyana Torchynska, Xavier Portier, Brahim El Filali, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Instituto Politechnico National (IPN), V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Scanning electron microscope, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Tetragonal crystal system, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Surfaces and Interfaces, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Light emission, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The impact of phase transformation on the emission properties of Er-doped Si-rich HfO2 films obtained by RF magnetron sputtering has been investigated by means of the scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence techniques. It has been observed that thermal treatment of the films at 950 and 1100 °C governs a phase separation process. The formation of HfO2 nanocrystals of the tetragonal phase together with the Si-quantum dots (QDs) occurs at 950 °C. Upon annealing at 1100 °C, the tetragonal SiO2 and monoclinic HfO2 nanocrystals appear. The appearance of bright emission in the visible-near-infrared spectral range, related to the optical transitions in the 4f intrashell energy levels of Er ions, has been detected. The investigation of the annealing effect on the luminescent properties has revealed that the enhancement of Er3+ emission occurs due to an effective energy transfer from Si-QDs toward the Er ions. The oxidation of Si-QDs at high temperature annealing (1100 °C) leads to a reduction in the intensity of the Er ion related emission. Since hafnia-based materials have high density and are very sensitive to high-energy excitation, the results offer multifunctional applications of doped hafnia films, such as the luminescent materials for traditional phosphors.The impact of phase transformation on the emission properties of Er-doped Si-rich HfO2 films obtained by RF magnetron sputtering has been investigated by means of the scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence techniques. It has been observed that thermal treatment of the films at 950 and 1100 °C governs a phase separation process. The formation of HfO2 nanocrystals of the tetragonal phase together with the Si-quantum dots (QDs) occurs at 950 °C. Upon annealing at 1100 °C, the tetragonal SiO2 and monoclinic HfO2 nanocrystals appear. The appearance of bright emission in the visible-near-infrared spectral range, related to the optical transitions in the 4f intrashell energy levels of Er ions, has been detected. The investigation of the annealing effect on the luminescent properties has revealed that the enhancement of Er3+ emission occurs due to an effective energy transfer from Si-QDs toward the Er ions. The...
Published: 2019

30. Tools and constraints in monitoring interactions between marine litter and megafauna: Insights from case studies around the world

Author: Tania Pelamatti, Amy Lusher, Rebecca R. McIntosh, Christos Ioakeimidis, Françoise Claro, M. Sorce, W. Mc Fee, Britta Denise Hardesty, Maria Cristina Fossi, Matteo Baini, François Galgani, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Pelagios Kakunjá, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Megafauna, Aquatic Organisms, Dolphins, Species distribution, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Birds, Tools, Entanglement, Marine debris, Aquatic science, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Policies, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Waste Products, business.industry, Litter impact, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ingestion, Environmental resource management, Fishes, Pollution, Environmental Policy, Turtles, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Geographic regions, Litter, Environmental science, %22">Fish , business, Plastics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Adverse impacts of marine litter is documented on >1400 species, including marine megafauna (fish, birds, sea turtles and mammals). The primary impacts include ingestion and entanglement, and there is increasing concern about chemical contamination via ingestion. Numerous survey approaches and monitoring programs have been developed and implemented around the world. They may aim to provide data about parameters such as species distribution and interactions with anthropogenic activities. During the Sixth International Marine Debris Conference, a session was dedicated to the tools and constraints in monitoring interactions between litter and megafauna. In the present paper, we summarize 7 case studies which discuss entanglement and ingestion including macro- and micro-debris in several taxa and across multiple geographic regions. We then discusses the importance of tools and standardizing methods for assessment and management purposes, in the context of international environmental policies and marine litter strategies.
Published: 2019

31. Paleobiodiversity and tectono-sedimentary records in the Mediterranean tethys and related eastern areas

Author: Thouraya Benmoussa, Saadi Abdeljaouad, Samia Khsiba, Kerim Mustapha, Mounir Medhioub, Oula Amrouni, Abdelaziz Sebei, Alessio Satta, Yu Fisjak, Lassâad Chouba, Nejmeddine Akrout, Laurent Dezileau, Nadia Gaâloul, Alberto Sánchez, Fatma Kotti, Hakim Abichou, Michel Condomines, Claudine Dieulin, Ahmed Ghadoum, Abderraouf Hzami, Hechmi Missaoui, Nabil Khélifi, François Sabatier, Wième Ouertani, Domenico Chiarella, Chrystelle Bancon-Montigny, Abdallah Hattour, Boughdiri, M. (ed.), Badenas, B. (ed.), Selden, P. (ed.), Jaillard, E. (ed.), Bengtson, P. (ed.), Granier, B.R.C. (ed.), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université de Tunis, Department of Earth Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), University of London [London], Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National du Patrimoine - Tunisie (INP), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), DICAAR, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ECOSYSTEME, Ecology (disciplines), 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mediterranean, Coastal geography, 01 natural sciences, FACTEUR ANTHROPIQUE, Sensitivity, Hydrology (agriculture), Mediterranean sea, Multidisciplinary approach, SEDIMENTATION MARINE, COTE, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, 020701 environmental engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Coast, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Sediment, GEOMORPHOLOGIE, RYSCMED, EVOLUTION, 6. Clean water, COURS D'EAU, GEOCHIMIE, 13. Climate action, FACTEUR CLIMATIQUE, MER, Medjerda River, Environmental science, business, ZONE HUMIDE, ECOLOGIE
Abstract: The present work is based on The RYSCMED project supported by PHC-UTIQUE 2016-2018 (16G 1005 –34854QC). The RYSCMED is an interdisciplinary project which gathers different disciplines (e.g. sedimentology, hydrology, geochemistry, ecology, paleontology, biochemistry, archeology) to quantify the sediment flow of the land-sea. This research aims at identifying coastal sediment dynamics (via the sand supply sources; i.e. Medjerda River) and hydrodynamic parameters to understand the local environmental problems in an urbanized coastal framework. The outcome is expected to produce original and new findings about the link between dams, river hydrology and sediment origin to the sea, with the impact of climate and anthropogenic activities on the coastal geomorphology and ecosystem sensitivity. The main scientific outcome will be addressed to the socio-economic actors to implement necessary solutions for remediating the Mediterranean coastal vulnerability. (Abstract author)
Published: 2019

32. Pd and Pd@PdO core–shell nanoparticles supported on Vulcan carbon XC-72R: comparison of electroactivity for methanol electro-oxidation reaction

Author: L. M. Palacios-Romero, C. R. Santiago-Ramirez, R. Cabrera-Sierra, E. Ramírez-Meneses, Luis Lartundo-Rojas, Karine Philippot, A. Manzo-Robledo, L. P. A. Guerrero-Ortega, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Universidad Iberoamericana, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CONACyT (Project 157613, 247208), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (COFAA, BEIFI-IPN-20180430), SNI-CONACyT, Direccion de Investigacion-Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) F132021 project, and French-Mexican International Laboratory (LIA) / CNRS - CONACyT
Subjects: Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Redox, Nanomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Core-shell nanoparticles, General Materials Science, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Fuel cells, Mechanical Engineering, Electron energy loss spectroscopy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Hexadecylamine, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, Methanol, 0210 nano-technology, Palladium
Abstract: International audience; Nanomaterials based on Pd nanoparticles supported on Vulcan carbon (XC-72R) were prepared by the organometallic approach in one-pot and mild conditions (3 bar hydrogen and room temperature) using Pd(dba)2 (bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium (0)) as metal source and hexadecylamine (HDA) as stabilizer. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) evidenced the presence of well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles of ca. 4.5 nm mean size onto the carbon support (Pd/HDA/C). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) allowed to determine the chemical composition of the nanomaterials. When the Pd/HDA/C nanomaterial was submitted to heating treatment (ht) at 400 °C under air (referred as Pd/HDA/C@air-ht), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and HR-TEM/STEM-EELS analyses suggested the presence of interactions between PdO and Pd(0) as a result of the formation of Pd@PdO core–shell nanoparticles. The highest oxidation current magnitude during methanol oxidation reaction is ascribed to the heat-treated material, linked with a better electron and mass transfer processes at the electrode interface. This can be attributed to electronic interactions at the core–shell formed, which might promote different redox processes at the electrode interface during CH3OH deprotonation in the alkaline electrolyte.
Published: 2019

33. Proof of a composite repair concept for aeronautical structures: a simplified method

Author: Hilario Hernandez, Yves Davila, Yves-Henri Grunevald, Alexander Morales, François Cénac, Sergio Avila, Laurent Crouzeix, Francis Collombet, Nathalie Rocher, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Composites Expertise & Solutions - CES (Castanet-Tolosan, France), Instituto de Neurobiologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Parent structure, Composite number, Stacking, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], composite bonded assembly, Machining, Proof of concept, abrasive water jet machining, mechanical testing, Shear stress, General Materials Science, Composite repair, Adhesive, Fiber, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, light finite elements modelling
Abstract: This paper provides an illustration of all stages of primary aeronautical composite structure repair by using industrial tools and scientific methodologies, as well as numerical tools to simplify the cross-over analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the repaired area. Economically and scientifically speaking, one of the main challenges of composite repair (for monolithic long fiber composite parts) consists of promoting a bonded composite patch option without additional riveted doublers. To address this challenge, size reduction of the patch could be mandatory. A patent (jointly owned by ICA, Bayab Industries and CES), entitled “Method for repairing a wall consisting of a plurality of layers”, is devoted to reducing repair patch dimensions of monolithic composite parts provided the bonding zone has a stepped-lap geometry. This patent is based on a simple idea that no overlapping length is required between composite plies for load transfer except in the fiber directions of the plies (unidirectional or biaxial long fiber reinforcements with epoxy matrix). To prove this concept, we consider on one hand, a situation unusual in the literature by studying a composite specimen without fibers aligned along the main loading axis, and on the other hand, a classical situation of where the shape of the specimen is adapted to be studied by uniaxial tension tests. After different manufacturing steps, the studied specimen contains three zones representing both the influence of the total thickness of a repair patch, the stepped-lap area assembled with an adhesive film and the parent composite part. Basically, a simple parent structure consisting of 16 plies of UD Hexply® M21/35%/268/T700GC (close to Airbus composite raw materials on board in A380) is manufactured with a stacking sequence of [+45/−45/−45/+45/+45/−45/−45/+45]s. Then, the parent structure is machined by the Airbus Abrasive Water Jet machine and the final repair area has a stepped-lap geometry by overlapping successive plies of the same nature as the parent plate and after having previously applied an adhesive film (cured at 180 °C). Furthermore, 3 values of overlap length (respectively, 6, 8 and 13 mm) are investigated to include the mean value required by Airbus in the case of the use of the studied prepreg. After abrasive water jet machining of the composite parent part, repair patch manufacturing was performed according to Airbus requirements. The studied specimens were cut from the final plate (involving the parent plate, the stepped lap zone and the zone of the patch itself) and tested in an uniaxial tensile configuration with a loading direction shifted 45° with respect to the fiber direction. Furthermore, studying uniaxial tensile tests on multilayer-pasted interface is innovative in the literature. In this paper, it is shown that the stepped-lap area assembled with an adhesive film is not the weak link of the mechanical response but rather the parent area, i.e. the unrepaired monolithic composite. Numerical calculations confirm this proof of concept by underlying that the level of shear stress in the adhesive film, for these three overlapping values, is below the chosen limit value. These results show that the patch size reduction is possible.
Published: 2019

34. Mezcal as a Novel Source of Mixed Yeasts Inocula for Wine Fermentation

Author: Francisco Javier De la Torre-González, Patricia Taillandier, J. A. Narváez-Zapata, C. P. Larralde-Corona, Innovak Global, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Innovak Global (MEXICO), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Instituto Politécnico Nacional - IPN (MEXICO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, non-Saccharomyces, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Non-Saccharomyces, Population, Ingénierie des aliments, Bioengineering, lcsh:Chemical technology, 01 natural sciences, Saccharomyces, lcsh:Chemistry, Mezcal, 03 medical and health sciences, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, 010608 biotechnology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), lcsh:TP1-1185, Food science, education, Yeasts mixed inoculum, 2. Zero hunger, Fermentation in winemaking, Wine, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, lcsh:QD1-999, Fermentation
Abstract: Mezcal yeasts were evaluated for their potential as grape-juice fermenters, characterizing their fermentation performance, both in terms of primary and volatile metabolites. Experiments were first carried-out in a semi-synthetic medium and then on grape juice, and population dynamics of the chosen mixed inoculum was assessed in grape juice. Accordingly, we initially tested 24 mezcal yeasts belonging to ten different species, and chose those that were more productive and stress tolerant for the mixed (dual) inoculum, having a final selection of three Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (plus Fermichamp, a commercial wine strain) and three non-Saccharomyces strains, belonging to Kluyveromyces marxianus, Torulaspora delbrueckii, and Zygosaccharomyces bailii species. For the combination S. cerevisiae/T. delbrueckii (Sc/Td) mixed inoculum, we observed increasing isoamyl alcohol and phenyl ethyl acetate concentrations, as compared with the use of individual Saccharomyces strains, which resulted in a fruitier aroma profile. Alcohol final concentration was in average lower for the Sc/Td inoculum (fermentation power, FP, 13.6) as compared with the individual mezcal Saccharomyces strains (FP 14.3), and it was the highest when Td was co-cultured with the commercial strain (FP 14.6). Overall, our results show the feasibility of using yeasts isolated from mezcal as a novel source of inoculum for wine-type fermentation.
Published: 2020

35. Coastal erosion vs man-made protective structures: evaluating a two-decade history from southeastern India

Author: K. Srinivasa-Raju, C. Lakshumanan, M.P. Jonathan, Gowrappan Muthusankar, Priyadarsi D. Roy, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politechnico National (IPN), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Bharathidasan University [Tiruchirappalli, India], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Department of Civil Engineering, and University of Hyderabad
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Accretion, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 01 natural sciences, Tamil Nadu, Seawall, Mining engineering, Natural hazard, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Shoreline changes, Shore, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Puducherry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, GIS, language.human_language, Coastal erosion, Erosion, Tamil, Breakwater, language, Southeast coast of India, Physical geography, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, Accretion (coastal management)
Abstract: International audience; Remote sensing images of AD 1991–2011 and field observations help evaluate shoreline changes (erosion and accretion) in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu states of southeastern India. A minor harbor was constructed during AD 1986–1989 in the coast of Puducherry, and it initiated the gradual process of shoreline modification. In the subsequent years, beaches located toward the north of the harbor suffered erosion (−0.12–−4.19 m/year) and there was accretion (0.27–7.25 m/year) in the southern beaches. However, the man-made structures (seawall and groin) have reduced the shoreline changes after AD 2004. In the last two decades, the rate of erosion area-wise gradually decreased (0.24–0.013 km2/year) and accretion remained constant (0.019 km2/year). Our results suggest that accretion happened in the southern side of the breakwaters and erosion occurred in the northern part. Presence of groins structures in the region in the northern part has also provoked accretion in the south and erosion in the northern side close to the State of Tamil Nadu.
Published: 2016

36. Research Priorities to Support Effective Manta and Devil Ray Conservation

Author: Joshua D. Stewart, Fabrice R. A. Jaine, Amelia J. Armstrong, Asia O. Armstrong, Michael B. Bennett, Katherine B. Burgess, Lydie I. E. Couturier, Donald A. Croll, Melissa R. Cronin, Mark H. Deakos, Christine L. Dudgeon, Daniel Fernando, Niv Froman, Elitza S. Germanov, Martin A. Hall, Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez, Jane E. Hosegood, Tom Kashiwagi, Betty J. L. Laglbauer, Nerea Lezama-Ochoa, Andrea D. Marshall, Frazer McGregor, Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara, Marta D. Palacios, Lauren R. Peel, Anthony J. Richardson, Robert D. Rubin, Kathy A. Townsend, Stephanie K. Venables, Guy M. W. Stevens, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Macquarie University, Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Linnaeus University, Murdoch University, Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC), University of Barcelona, Bangor University, Southern Illinois University [Carbondale] (SIU), AZTI - Tecnalia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of the Sunshine Coast (USC), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, gulf-of-mexico, reproductive-biology, lcsh:QH1-199.5, manta, Population, Foraging, extinction risk, Ocean Engineering, natural mortality, devil ray, Aquatic Science, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, mobula, Subject areas, Vulnerable species, trophic amplification, 14. Life underwater, carcharhinus-limbatus, Life history, education, lcsh:Science, Environmental planning, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, biology, ACL, life-history, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, deep scattering layers, habitat use, Effective management, biology.organism_classification, Bycatch, Mobula, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, effective population-size, elasmobranch, management
Abstract: WOS:000457236000001; International audience; Manta and devil rays are filter-feeding elasmobranchs that are found circumglobally in tropical and subtropical waters. Although relatively understudied for most of the Twentieth century, public awareness and scientific research on these species has increased dramatically in recent years. Much of this attention has been in response to targeted fisheries, international trade in mobulid products, and a growing concern over the fate of exploited populations. Despite progress in mobulid research, major knowledge gaps still exist, hindering the development of effective management and conservation strategies. We assembled 30 leaders and emerging experts in the fields of mobulid biology, ecology, and conservation to identify pressing knowledge gaps that must be filled to facilitate improved science-based management of these vulnerable species. We highlight focal research topics in the subject areas of taxonomy and diversity, life history, reproduction and nursery areas, population trends, bycatch and fisheries, spatial dynamics and movements, foraging and diving, pollution and contaminants, and sub-lethal impacts. Mobulid rays remain a poorly studied group, and therefore our list of important knowledge gaps is extensive. However, we hope that this identification of high priority knowledge gaps will stimulate and focus future mobulid research.
Published: 2018

37. Synthesis of magnesium aluminate spinel nanopowder by sol-gel and low-temperature processing

Author: Lucía Téllez-Jurado, G. Fantozzi, Nancy Vargas-Becerril, Heberto Balmori-Ramírez, L. Zarazúa-Villalobos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Instituto de Matematicas (UNAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA )
Subjects: Boehmite, Materials science, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Nanoparticle, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Aluminium, Phase (matter), Materials Chemistry, Sol-gel, Magnesium, Spinel, General Chemistry, Magnesium aluminate spinel, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnesium nitrate, Crystal size, chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Nuclear chemistry, Nanopowders
Abstract: International audience; Nanospinel MgAl2O4 powder was obtained by a sol-gel method at low-temperature processing. It was synthesized using aluminum tri-sec-butoxide and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate as precursors, in an acid medium at 80 A degrees C. Heat treatments of the dried gel were performed from 200 to 1000 A degrees C (a dagger T = 100 A degrees C) and the powders were characterized by SEM, XRD, TG/DTA, FT-IR, and HR-TEM. A mixture of semispherical nanoparticles (< 50 nm) of boehmite and unreacted magnesium nitrate was found after the sol-gel reaction. According to HR-TEM and XRD results, a low-crystalline spinel MgAl2O4 started forming at 300 A degrees C, which is a lower temperature than the reported for the same phase in other works. A mechanism of reaction is proposed to explain the formation of spinel at low temperature. At 800 and 900 A degrees C a spinel mono-phase totally crystalline was observed. At 1000 A degrees C, the spinel MgAl2O4 phase is well defined but a second phase, magnesium oxide, was found to be about 6% of the final composition. The crystal sizes were 2.272 +/- 0.054, 5.222 +/- 0.030, 11.610 +/- 0.064, and 25.140 +/- 0.20 nm for the material heat treated at 700, 800, 900, and 1000 A degrees C, respectively. [GRAPHICS]
Published: 2018

38. Tuning the morphology of Gd x Y 1-x PO 4 :Tb 3+ powders and their emission intensity upon VUV excitation

Author: Rachid Mahiou, Audrey Potdevin, F. de J. Carrillo Romo, Geneviève Chadeyron, Damien Boyer, A. García Murillo, A. Garrido Hernández, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Tecnológica de Tecámac, UTTEC, Instituto Politechnico National (IPN), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), and Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIITEC IPN
Subjects: Diffraction, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Infrared, Scanning electron microscope, VUV excitation, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, GdxY1-xPO4:Tb3+, Organic Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nanocrystal, Transmission electron microscopy, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Nanopowders
Abstract: International audience; This paper addresses the formulae-related enhancement of the GdxY1-xPO4:Tb3+ nanopowders when submitted to (VUV) vacuum ultraviolet. Structural characterizations of GdxY1-xPO4:Tb3+ nanocrystals were conducted by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In particular, for the first time, in this work, the photoluminescence upon VUV excitation of GdxY1-xPO4:Tb3+ powders synthesized by the solvothermal method, is reported, and the optical study reveals that the photoluminescent properties of nanophosphors are strongly dependent on their crystalline structures, as well as on gadolinium-yttrium composition. The highest emission intensity upon 160 nm radiation was observed for the Gd0.5Y0.5PO4:Tb3+ powders which exhibited a two-fold increase in luminescence intensity comparing with YPO4:Tb3+.
Published: 2017

39. From Plant Exploitation to Mutualism

Author: F. Lieutier, K. Bermudez-Torres, J. Cook, M.O. Harris, L. Legal, A. Sallé, B. Schatz, D. Giron, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Western Sydney University, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pollination, Dioecy, Plant exploitation, Biology, Generalist and specialist species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Overcoming of plant defences, Predation, Mutualism, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant remodelling, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, Mutualism (biology), Herbivore, Fig–fig wasps association, Ecology, Host (biology), fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Protection against predation, Plant manipulation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Phytophagous insects have developed mechanisms of various complexity levels to utilize plants in spite of the barriers that plants have built to resist aggressions. Plant exploitation, the simplest level, is the use of plant defence chemicals for the benefit of insects. It is illustrated by the use of plant toxins for defence against predators. The energetic cost of that defence strategy is discussed according to the toxicity of the chemicals and the necessity of protecting the herbivore, and the modes of action on predators are presented. Furthermore, manipulation of the plant can reorient the plant metabolism to satisfy insect needs. Drastic remodelling of the host plant can occur, from ultrastructure to anatomy levels, with alteration of both its nutritional quality and secondary metabolism. The mechanisms involved are being investigated. Outcomes concern optimization of the nutritional value of the host plant and protection from adverse abiotic and biotic (natural enemies, competition) conditions. Cooperation with conspecifics or microorganisms often interferes. At the highest level of complexity, mutualism is the result of a compromise between insect and plant where each partner benefits from the association. Pollination is a typical example. Pollinators vary from generalists to specialists and belong to a community of insect linked to a community of plants. In the fig–fig wasp mutualism, the various mechanisms involved in situations of monoecy and dioecy are discussed, as well as the existence of coadaptations and cospeciations. The chapter ends with a presentation of research perspectives for improving crop productivity.
Published: 2017

40. Hydrogen storage in activated carbons produced from coals of different ranks: Effect of oxygen content

Author: Alain Celzard, M. C. Tellez-Juarez, Edilso Reguera, N. Fernandez-Huerta, Weigang Zhao, Maria Izquierdo, Vanessa Fierro, Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Technologies et Industries du Bois (ENSTIB), Université de Lorraine (UL), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Carbon Nanostructures and Nanotechnology Group (ICB-CSIC), and Carbon Nanostructures and Nanotechnology Group
Subjects: Inorganic chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Hydrogen adsorption, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Hydrogen storage, chemistry.chemical_compound, Desorption, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], medicine, Oxygen content, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Potassium hydroxide, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, Anthracite, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Fuel Technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0210 nano-technology, Activated carbon, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; 20 activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by activation of four coals of different ranks (bituminous, low-ash bituminous and sub-bituminous coals, and one anthracite) with potassium hydroxide, in order to evaluate their hydrogen storage capacities at -196 degrees C. The effect of surface area and oxygen content on hydrogen storage was examined. Oxygen content was determined by temperature-programmed desorption. The significance of oxygen content on hydrogen storage capacity was evaluated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Apparent surface areas higher than 3000 m(2) g(-1) and hydrogen adsorption as high as 6.8 wt.% were obtained. The best results were obtained with ACs from bituminous coals. No significant effect of oxygen content on hydrogen adsorption was observed. We concluded that surface area controls hydrogen storage capacity at -196 degrees C.
Published: 2014

41. Institutional Pressures and Green Practices in Small Agricultural Businesses in Mexico: The Mediating Effect of Farmers’ Environmental Concern

Author: Patricia S. Sánchez-Medina, Gricelda Juárez-Luis, René Díaz-Pichardo, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), École Supérieure de Commerce de Troyes (ESC Troyes), Groupe ESC Troyes en Champagne, Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable (CREIDD), Institut Charles Delaunay (ICD), and Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, institutional pressures, 0502 economics and business, GE1-350, Institutional theory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, institutional theory, Legitimacy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Public economics, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, environmental concern, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 05 social sciences, 15. Life on land, small agricultural business, Environmental sciences, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Sustainability, Environmental behavior, business, 050203 business & management, green practices
Abstract: Based on institutional theory, this study develops the understanding of how the institutional environment influences the propensity to adopt green practices. Taking into consideration the limitations of institutional theory, this research explores the mediating role of farmers&rsquo, environmental concern in the relationship between institutional pressures and green practices. Environmental concern is a factor that can explain why businesses are heterogeneous in their green practices and stances even though they are embedded in the same institutional environment. Data obtained from 130 small businesses in the agricultural sector in Oaxaca, Mexico, reveal that institutional pressures influence green practices directly. The results also reveal that farmers&rsquo, environmental concern partially mediates the relationship between these variables. This study tests the applicability of the theoretical framework of the institutional theory in this context and contributes to this theory by considering the role of the farmer. Specifically, it addresses environmental concern as a means through which businesses respond to institutional pressures, and how farmers implement green practices as a means for legitimacy. Environmental concern motivates environmental behavior in search of environmental conservation, but farmers mainly implement green practices to survive in the market in response to institutional pressures.
Published: 2018

42. Restoration of degraded images using genetic programming

Author: Leonardo Trujillo, Victor H. Diaz-Ramirez, Jose Enrique Hernandez-Beltran, Pierrick Legrand, Instituto Politechnico National (IPN), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Tecnología Digital [Mexico], Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana = Tijuana Institute of Technology [Tijuana], Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quality control and dynamic reliability (CQFD), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), European Project: 612689,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES,ACOBSEC(2013), Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana [Tijuana], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Noise (signal processing), [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Genetic programming, 02 engineering and technology, Filter (signal processing), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Image (mathematics), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 010309 optics, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], 0103 physical sciences, Computer vision, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Artificial intelligence, 0210 nano-technology, business, Algorithm, Linear filter, Image restoration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In image restoration problems it is commonly assumed that image degradations are linear. In real-life this assumption is not always satisfied causing linear restoration methods fail. In this work, we present the design of an image restoration filtering based on genetic programming. The proposed filtering is given by a secuence of basic mathematical operators that allows to retrieve an undegraded image from an image degraded with noise. Computer simulations results obtained with the proposed algorithm in terms of objective metrics are analyzed and discussed by processing images degraded with noise. The obtained results are compared with those obtained with existing linear filters.
Published: 2016

43. Columnar structure formation of a dilute suspension of settling spherical particles in a quiescent fluid

Author: Thomas Barois, Carla E. Bello Morales, Peter Huck, Mickaël Bourgoin, Agathe Chouippe, Markus Uhlmann, Romain Volk, Todor Doychev, Sander G. Huisman, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institute for Hydromechanics, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn], Range (particle radiation), Structure formation, Computational Mechanics, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), FOS: Physical sciences, Mechanics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Horizontal plane, 01 natural sciences, Homogeneous distribution, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Settling, Modeling and Simulation, 0103 physical sciences, Newtonian fluid, Particle, Particle velocity, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The settling of heavy spherical particles in a column of quiescent fluid is investigated. The performed experiments cover a range of Galileo numbers ($110 \leq \text{Ga} \leq 310$) for a fixed density ratio of $\Gamma = \rho_p/\rho_f = 2.5$. In this regime the particles are known (M. Jenny, J. Du\v{s}ek and G. Bouchet, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 508, 201 (2004).) to show a variety of motions. It is known that the wake undergoes several transitions for increasing $\text{Ga}$ resulting in particle motions that are successively: vertical, oblique, oblique oscillating, and finally chaotic. Not only does this change the trajectory of single, isolated, settling particles, but it also changes the dynamics of a swarm of particles as collective effects become important even for dilute suspensions, with volume fraction up to $\Phi_V = \mathcal{O}\left(10^{-3}\right)$, which are investigated in this work. Multi-camera recordings of settling particles are recorded and tracked over time in 3 dimensions. A variety of analysis are performed and show a strong clustering behavior. The distribution of the cell areas of the Vorono\"i tessellation in the horizontal plane are compared to that of a random distribution of particles and shows clear clustering. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the Vorono\"i area and the particle velocity; clustered particles fall faster. In addition, the angle between two adjacent particles and the vertical is calculated and compared to a homogeneous distribution of particles, clear evidence of vertical alignment of particles is found. The experimental findings are compared to simulations., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2016

44. Spectroscopic properties and Judd–Ofelt analysis of Eu3+ doped GdPO4 nanoparticles and nanowires

Author: Rachid Mahiou, Geneviève Chadeyron, M.A. Hassairi, Daniel Zambon, Audrey Potdevin, Mohamed Dammak, T. Kallel, Damien Boyer, A. Garrido Hernández, Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée [Université de Sfax] (LPA), Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Université de Sfax, Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, and Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIITEC IPN
Subjects: Materials science, Luminescence, Judd–Ofelt theory, Solvothermal synthesis, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, Nanowire, Nanotechnology, Phosphate, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Emission spectrum, Doping, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Nanostructures, 13. Climate action, Excited state, 0210 nano-technology, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract: International audience; Eu3+ doped GdPO4 orthophosphates with hexagonal and monoclinic crystal structures were prepared by a solvothermal process at 160 °C. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanowires (NWs) were obtained using a mixture of water and glycerol as solvents. Luminescence properties of 5% Eu3+ doped GdPO4 NPs and NWs were investigated. As-obtained luminescent NWs:Eu and NPs:Eu powders were post-annealed at 750 °C since this temperature did not change neither their initial morphology nor their crystalline structure and led to luminescence efficiency intense enough to suit optical applications. A post-heating treatment of the samples at higher temperature (1000 °C) resulted in a change in both the crystalline structure from hexagonal to monoclinic form and the morphology. Excitation and emission spectra as well as luminescence decays were recorded on both post-annealed luminescent NW:Eu and NP:Eu powders. A comparative study of the optical results obtained for the different morphologies and structures was carried out by calculating the asymmetry ratio (A21) of Eu3+ from emission spectra. The symmetry of the local environment of Eu3+ activators has been described in the frame of Judd–Ofelt theory, using Ω2 and Ω4 intensity parameters derived from emission spectra data analysis, adopting a standard procedure. It was observed that Ω2 value for the NPs is different from that of the NWs indicating that the environment surrounding the active ion changes depending on the sample morphologies. The radiative lifetimes of the 5D0 excited state and the corresponding branching ratios for different emission transitions were also estimated and compared to the recorded luminescence decay rates at room temperature.
Published: 2016

45. A scalable summary generation method based on cross-modal consensus clustering and OLAP cube modeling

Author: Mariko Nakano Miyatake, Gabriel Sargent, Andrei Stoian, Henri Nicolas, Karina Perez-Daniel, Jenny Benois-Pineau, Jean Carrive, Sofian Maabout, Creating and exploiting explicit links between multimedia fragments (LinkMedia), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-MEDIA ET INTERACTIONS (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications (CEDRIC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (INA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)
Subjects: Drill down, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Feature vector, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Data cube, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Consensus clustering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Video summarization, Scalability, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], Automatic summarization, Cross-media space, Hardware and Architecture, OLAP cube, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data mining, Precision and recall, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; Video summarization has been a core problem to manage the growing amount of content in multimedia databases. An efficient video summary should display an overview of the video content and most existing approaches fulfill this goal. However, such an overview does not allow the user to reach all details of interest selectively and progressively. This paper proposes a novel scalable summary generation approach based on the On-Line Analytical Processing data cube. Such a structure integrates tools like the drill down operation allowing to browse efficiently multiple descriptions of a dataset according to increased levels of detail. We adapt this model to video summary generation by expressing a video within a cross-media feature space and by performing clusterings according to particular subspaces. Consensus clustering is used to guide the subspace selection strategy at small dimensions, as the novelty brought by the least consensual subspaces is interesting for the refinements of a summary. Our approach is designed for weakly-structured contents such as cultural documentaries. We perform its evaluation on a corpus of cultural archives provided by the French Audiovisual National Institute (INA) using information retrieval metrics handling single and multiple reference annotations. The performances obtained overall improved results compared to two baseline systems performing random and arbitrary segmentations, showing a better balance between Precision and Recall.
Published: 2015

46. Decadal evolution of a spit in the Baram river mouth in eastern Malaysia

Author: M.P. Jonathan, Gowrappan Muthusankar, C. Lakshumanan, Ramasamy Nagarajan, Priyadarsi D. Roy, Curtin University, Sarawak Malaysia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bharathidasan University [Tiruchirappalli, India]
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Erosion control, Eastern Malaysia, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Core samples, Sarawak, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, River mouth, Flash flood, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shore, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, Geology, Land usechange, 15. Life on land, Debris, Spit formation, 13. Climate action, Erosion, RiverBaram
Abstract: We studied a newly formed spit in the Baram River mouth in Eastern Malaysia and evaluated the effects of climatic conditions and human interference over the last four decades (1974–2014). The development of a spit during a decade (1998–2008) and its maximum expansion over the period 2005–2010 is related to the erosion associated with deforestation and land use changes in the upstream region. The downstream transportation of the heavy sediment load occurred during the events of higher precipitation and flash floods. The recent spit was identified for the first time as a mud flat post the flash flooding of January 2005. It extended towards the south west of the river mouth till 2010 (six fold increase in area from 2005 to 0.29 km2) and gradually disintegrated over the next 3 years. Depositional feature of coarse sediments and organic debris is clearly supported by the alternating thick layers in the top 25 cm of the three core samples (C1–C3) collected from the region. The non-existence of finer particles clearly indicates the supremacy of long shore currents in the region carrying away the fines to deeper regions. Gradual disappearance of the sand barrier post 2011 is due to the reduction in the amount of sediment load as a result of reduction in recent rainfall activity, land use/land cover changes mainly as reforestation, strengthening of palm plantation (controlling soil erosion in the river banks) in the upstream region. The dominant NW wind direction during the major part of the year is also one of the factors for the shift in depositional sequence and it is helped by the long shore currents which lead to the spit being partially connected to the main land.
Published: 2015

47. Observer design for linear systems with commensurate delays

Author: Lei Yu, Francisco Javier Bejarano, Gang Zheng, Wuhan University [China], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Non-Asymptotic estimation for online systems (NON-A), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica - Unidad Profesional Ticomán (ESIME-UPT), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: commensurate delays, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Observer (quantum physics), Computer science, 010102 general mathematics, Linear system, Mathematics::Optimization and Control, observer, unknown inputs, Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, Computer Science::Systems and Control, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, State observer, 0101 mathematics, Delay systems
Abstract: International audience; This paper investigates an unknown input observer design for a large class of linear systems with unknown inputs and commensurate delays. A Luenberger-like observer is proposed by involving only the past and actual values of the system output. Sufficient conditions are given to guarantee the existence of such a Luenberger-like observer.
Published: 2015

48. Production of genetically and developmentally modified seaweeds: exploiting the potential of artificial selection techniques

Author: C.R.K. Reddy, BÃ©nÃ©dicte Charrier, Vishal Gupta, Elodie Rolland, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSIR-center Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, macroalgae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomass, Plant Science, Review, Biology, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, seaweed1, Aquatic organisms, 03 medical and health sciences, Aquaculture, Aquatic plant, Production (economics), lcsh:SB1-1110, 14. Life underwater, varietal improvement4, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, somatic hybridization, business.industry, varietal improvement, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Selection program, somatic hybridization2, genetic manipulation, Biotechnology, Genetically modified organism, mutagenesis3, Agriculture, seaweed, business, mutagenesis
Abstract: International audience; Plant feedstock with specific, modified developmental features has been a quest for centuries. Since the development and spread of agriculture, there has been a desire for plants producing disproportionate—or more abundant and more nutritional—biomass that meet human needs better than their native counterparts. Seaweed aquaculture, targeted for human consumption and the production of various raw materials, is a rapidly expanding field and its stakeholders have increasing vested interest for cost-effective and lucrative seaweed cultivation processes. Thus, scientific research on seaweed development is particularly timely: the potential for expansion of seaweed cultivation depends on the sector's capacity to produce seaweeds with modified morphological features (e.g., thicker blades), higher growth rates or delayed (or even no) fertility. Here, we review the various technical approaches used to modify development in macroalgae, which have attracted little attention from developmental biologists to date. Because seaweed (or marine macroalgae) anatomy is much less complex than that of land plants and because seaweeds belong to three different eukaryotic phyla, the mechanisms controlling their morphogenesis are key to understanding their development. Here, we present efficient sources of developmentally and genetically modified seaweeds—somatic variants, artificial hybrids and mutants—as well as the future potential of these techniques.
Published: 2015

49. Modelling dynamic ecosystems: venturing beyond boundaries with the Ecopath approach

Author: Ekin Akoglu, Isabel Palomera, Lynne J. Shannon, Marta Coll, Didier Gascuel, C. Piroddi, Francisco Arreguín-Sánchez, Villy Christensen, Simone Libralato, Elizabeth A. Fulton, Steven Mackinson, Jeroen Steenbeek, Johanna J. Heymans, Sebastián Villasante, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Ecopath International Initiative Research Association, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (MAR), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), European Commission's Joint Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Marine Research Institutete, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), University of British Columbia (UBC), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Marine conservation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecosystem modelling, Climate change, Conservation, Aquatic Science, Biology, Ecosystem-based management, 01 natural sciences, EcoSim, Environmental impact assessment, 14. Life underwater, End-to-end modelling, Spatial planning, Cumulative impacts, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecospace, business.industry, Impact assessment, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Fishing impacts, 13. Climate action, Ecopath with Ecosim, Sustainability, business
Abstract: Coll, Marta ... et. al.-- 12 pages, 2 figures, Thirty years of progress using the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) approach in different fields such as ecosystem impacts of fishing and climate change, emergent ecosystem dynamics, ecosystem-based management, and marine conservation and spatial planning were showcased November 2014 at the conference “Ecopath 30 years-modelling dynamic ecosystems: beyond boundaries with EwE”. Exciting new developments include temporal-spatial and end-to-end modelling, as well as novel applications to environmental impact analyses, in both aquatic and terrestrial domains. A wide range of plug-ins have been added to extend the diagnostic capabilities of EwE, and the scientific community is applying EwE to a diversified range of topics besides fishing impact assessments, such as the development of scientific advice for management, the analysis of conservation issues, and the evaluation of cumulative impacts of environmental and human activities in marine food webs (including habitat modification and the invasion of alien species). Especially promising is the new potential to include the EwE model in integrated assessments with other models such as those related to climate change research. However, there are still many challenges, including the communication of scientific results in management procedures. In addition, other important scientific issues are how to improve model result validation and perform model quality control. During the conference, the Ecopath International Research and Development Consortium was presented as a way for the EwE user community to become involved in the long-term sustainability of the EwE approach. Overall, exciting times are facing the ecosystem modelling scientific community, and as illustrated by the conference: synergistic cooperation is the future path for the EwE approach, MC was partially supported by a Marie Curie CIG grant to BIOWEB project
Published: 2015

50. Symmetry and Group Theory and Its Application to Few-Body Physics

Author: Shihai Dong, Xiao Yan Gu, Fabien Gatti, Jian Qiang Sun, East China University of Science and Technology, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), and Hainan University
Subjects: Physics, Article Subject, Applied Mathematics, media_common.quotation_subject, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, QC1-999, 010102 general mathematics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Information science, Symmetry (physics), 010101 applied mathematics, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Theoretical physics, Quantum electrodynamics, 0101 mathematics, Group theory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract: 1 Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China 2 CTMM, Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253, Universite Montpellier II, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France 3 Departamento de Fisica, Escuela Superior de Fisica y Matematicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, UPALM, Edificio 9, 07738 Mexico, DF, Mexico 4College of Information Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Published: 2014

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