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We investigated the behavioural and oxidative stress responses in the earthworm, Nsukkadrilus mbae on exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils. This was because the response of thi...

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is among the most famous drugs used for the treatment of psychosis such as delusions, hallucinations, schizophrenia, paranoia, or disordered thought in humans. In the present s...

BackgroundThis study investigated the effect of sublethal concentrations (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg·L-1) of herbicide oxadiazon (ODZ) on the activities of Ca2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase in juvenileClarias gariepinus.MethodsOne hundred eighty juveniles ofClarias gariepinus(mean weight 58.88 ± 1.24 g and mean length 22.34 ± 1.52 cm) were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.00, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg·L-1ODZ) for 21 days in a static renewal bioassay system in which the herbicide and water were replaced completely every day. The changes in Ca2+- and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in the gill, kidney, liver, and heart of the fish were assayed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21.ResultThe result showed significant alteration in the activity of these membrane-bound enzymes. There was duration and concentration-dependent significant (p 2+-ATPase activity in the treatment groups when compared with the control. The Na+/K+-ATPase activity was significantly (p 2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase in this study may be indication of impaired ionic transport and imbalance in the fish which may trigger other biochemical, physiological, and even neurological consequences that may compromise several body functions.ConclusionThe alteration of the ATPase activities inC. gariepinusby ODZ is likely to affect the ATP usage and energy metabolism in the fish serious repercussions on Ca2+homeostasis, Na+/K+sodium pump, and Ca2+/Na+exchanger The results suggested that assay of the enzymes could be used as a biomarker of water pollution.

Ivermectin® (IVM) is one of the most widely used antiparasitic drugs in human and veterinary medicine. This study assesses the effect of IVM on biometric characteristics and organ biomarkers of Afr...

Psychotria microphylla is an ichthyotoxic botanical used to stupefy fish prior to harvesting in aquatic systems. The current study investigated the effect of P. microphylla leaf extract on the oxid...

Clotrimazole (CLO) is an imidazole fungicide used in human and veterinary medicine for treating fungal infection. This study evaluated the changes in morphological, haematological and biochemical indices in Clarias gariepinus juveniles exposed to CLO. After the acute exposure, the 96 h LC50 value of CLO determined by probit analysis was 38.79 mgl−1. Based on this value, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of 7.76, 3.89, 1.94 and 0.00 mgl−1 (control) of CLO for 21 days and were allowed to recover for 7 days. The result revealed no significant effect on the hepatosomatic index and condition factor of the exposed fish. There were concentration and time-dependent significant decreases in red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) with significant increase in the white blood cell (WBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) in the exposed group when compared with the control. A mixed trend was observed in the levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucose values significantly increased, while protein levels were reduced (p

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of sublethal concentrations (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 mg L−1) of the herbicide Ronstar on the hematology and some immune parameters in Clarias gariepinus juvenile (mean weight and length 58.72 ± 2.46 g and 27.60 ± 1.62 cm, respectively). The hematological and some immune parameters were studied for 21 days in a static renewal bioassay system in which the water and the herbicide were changed daily. The erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly (p

The oxidative stress responses of Clarias gariepinus exposed to potassium dichromate at sublethal concentrations for 28 days were studied in 2017. Fish were exposed to 0.165, 0.0825 and 0.033 mg l−...