1. Aboveground forest biomass varies across continents, ecological zones and successional stages: refined IPCC default values for tropical and subtropical forests
- Author
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Danaë M A Rozendaal, Daniela Requena Suarez, Veronique De Sy, Valerio Avitabile, Sarah Carter, C Y Adou Yao, Esteban Alvarez-Davila, Kristina Anderson-Teixeira, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Luzmila Arroyo, Benjamin Barca, Timothy R Baker, Luca Birigazzi, Frans Bongers, Anne Branthomme, Roel J W Brienen, João M B Carreiras, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Susan C Cook-Patton, Mathieu Decuyper, Ben DeVries, Andres B Espejo, Ted R Feldpausch, Julian Fox, Javier G P Gamarra, Bronson W Griscom, Nancy Harris, Bruno Hérault, Eurídice N Honorio Coronado, Inge Jonckheere, Eric Konan, Sara M Leavitt, Simon L Lewis, Jeremy A Lindsell, Justin Kassi N’Dja, Anny Estelle N’Guessan, Beatriz Marimon, Edward T A Mitchard, Abel Monteagudo, Alexandra Morel, Anssi Pekkarinen, Oliver L Phillips, Lourens Poorter, Lan Qie, Ervan Rutishauser, Casey M Ryan, Maurizio Santoro, Dos Santos Silayo, Plinio Sist, J W Ferry Slik, Bonaventure Sonké, Martin J P Sullivan, Gaia Vaglio Laurin, Emilio Vilanova, Maria M H Wang, Eliakimu Zahabu, Martin Herold, Rozendaal D.M.A., Requena Suarez D., De Sy V., Avitabile V., Carter S., Adou Yao C.Y., Alvarez-Davila E., Anderson-Teixeira K., Araujo-Murakami A., Arroyo L., Barca B., Baker T.R., Birigazzi L., Bongers F., Branthomme A., Brienen R.J.W., Carreiras J.M.B., Cazzolla Gatti R., Cook-Patton S.C., Decuyper M., Devries B., Espejo A.B., Feldpausch T.R., Fox J., G P Gamarra J., Griscom B.W., Harris N., Herault B., Honorio Coronado E.N., Jonckheere I., Konan E., Leavitt S.M., Lewis S.L., Lindsell J.A., N'Dja J.K., N'Guessan A.E., Marimon B., Mitchard E.T.A., Monteagudo A., Morel A., Pekkarinen A., Phillips O.L., Poorter L., Qie L., Rutishauser E., Ryan C.M., Santoro M., Silayo D.S., Sist P., Slik J.W.F., Sonke B., Sullivan M.J.P., Vaglio Laurin G., Vilanova E., Wang M.M.H., Zahabu E., Herold M., and University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development
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0106 biological sciences ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Suivi et d’évaluation ,forest plot ,forêt tropicale ,E-DAS ,Tropical and subtropical forests ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,biomasse aérienne des arbres ,Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing ,Environmental Science(all) ,надземная биомасса ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,старовозрастные леса ,General Environmental Science ,GE ,Enquête ,IPCC ,tropical and subtropical forests ,Aboveground biomass ,PE&RC ,Forest plots ,secondary and old-growth forest ,Plant Production Systems ,aboveground bioma ,Collecte de données ,P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières ,Crop and Weed Ecology ,aboveground biomass ,GE Environmental Sciences ,Monitoring ,тропические леса ,Secondary and old-growth forests ,010603 evolutionary biology ,Objectif 13 Mesures relatives à la lutte contre les changements climatique ,лесные участки ,forest plots ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,вторичные леса ,forêt primaire ,Bosecologie en Bosbeheer ,Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing ,SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,MCC ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,субтропические леса ,15. Life on land ,Forest Ecology and Forest Management ,K10 - Production forestière ,secondary and old-growth forests ,monitoring ,13. Climate action ,Plantaardige Productiesystemen ,forêt secondaire - Abstract
Funding: We acknowledge funding from the following organizations: Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad); Norwegian International Climate and Forest Initiative (NICFI); International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German; Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB); CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (CRP‐FTA) with financial support from the CGIAR Fund Donors; EU Horizon 2020 project VERIFY (776810); European Space Agency GlobBiomass project (ESRIN Contract No. 4000113100/14/I-NB); European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grants T-FORCES (291585) and PANTROP (834775); JAXA (RA-6, EO-RA2); UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC; including NE/F005806/, NE/D005590/1, NE/T01279X/1, NE/P008755/1 and NE/N012542/1); agreement PR140015 between NERC and the National Centre for Earth Observation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; CNPq (National Council of Science and Technology, Brazil), Grants #401279/2014‐4 (PVE) and #441244/2016‐5 (PELD); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; the Children's Investment 309 Fund Foundation; COmON Foundation and Good Energies Foundation. For monitoring and reporting forest carbon stocks and fluxes, many countries in the tropics and subtropics rely on default values of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories. Default IPCC forest AGB values originated from 2006, and are relatively crude estimates of average values per continent and ecological zone. The 2006 default values were based on limited plot data available at the time, methods for their derivation were not fully clear, and no distinction between successional stages was made. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for GHG Inventories, we updated the default AGB values for tropical and subtropical forests based on AGB data from >25 000 plots in natural forests and a global AGB map where no plot data were available. We calculated refined AGB default values per continent, ecological zone, and successional stage, and provided a measure of uncertainty. AGB in tropical and subtropical forests varies by an order of magnitude across continents, ecological zones, and successional stage. Our refined default values generally reflect the climatic gradients in the tropics, with more AGB in wetter areas. AGB is generally higher in old-growth than in secondary forests, and higher in older secondary (regrowth >20 years old and degraded/logged forests) than in young secondary forests (20 years old). While refined default values for tropical old-growth forest are largely similar to the previous 2006 default values, the new default values are 4.0-7.7-fold lower for young secondary forests. Thus, the refined values will strongly alter estimated carbon stocks and fluxes, and emphasize the critical importance of old-growth forest conservation. We provide a reproducible approach to facilitate future refinements and encourage targeted efforts to establish permanent plots in areas with data gaps. Publisher PDF
- Published
- 2022