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1. Assessing Management Perceptions Linked to a Flagship Species: A New Approach to Increase Landscape Management Legitimacy and Support

Author

Stephan Arnassant, Olivier Boutron, Lisa Ernoul, Arnaud Béchet, Alain Sandoz, Raphaël Mathevet, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Loïc Willm, Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parc Natural Régional de Camargue, This study was funded by the Fondation de France, Fondation MAVA and Fondation Tour du Valat. We thank Tatiana Fuentes, Katia Lombardini and Camille Muranyi-Kovacs for their support in the participatory workshops., Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental perceptions, Camargue, 15. Life on land, Public relations, 01 natural sciences, Landscape management, Flagship species, Political science, Perception, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, business, Global changes, Legitimacy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common
Abstract

International audience; Integrated socio-ecological decision-making is important in improving legitimacy in management decisions through effective solutions that avert conflicts. This research examined social perceptions in landscape planning and management with regard to the Greater flamingo, a flagship species along the southern French Coast. A strategic delivery to a cross-section in a social catchment (n = 87) captured the perception and the recognition of management strategies through a survey questionnaire. Analysis was conducted through a multi-method approach, triangulating qualitative and quantitative results. Results show the importance of the attachment to flamingos in local landscapes. Knowledge on flamingo ecology was relatively high and participants perceived some of the regional management options to be unfavorable for flamingos. Participants identified threats to the species and expressed concern for the future of the flamingos, challenging the legitimacy of some landscape management decisions and planning policies. This research demonstrates the role of flagship species in stimulating reflection on landscape management, addressing both the ecological and human dimensions. Understanding social perceptions of biodiversity management objectives is fundamental for effective coastal conservation.

Published
2021

2. Integrative Science to Achieve Long-Term Impact in Conservation: The Use of Participatory Mapping to Improve Trans-disciplinarity

Author

Raphaël Mathevet, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Alain Sandoz, Lisa Ernoul, Loïc Willm, Olivier Boutron, Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ecology, lcsh:Evolution, socio-cultural values, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Participatory mapping, Term (time), 010601 ecology, participatory mapping, Biodiversity conservation, lcsh:QH540-549.5, lcsh:QH359-425, integrative science, biodiversity conservation, lcsh:Ecology, Sociology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, spatial planning, Environmental planning, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Spatial planning, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

3. Participatory mapping: Exploring landscape values associated with an iconic species

Author

Raphaël Mathevet, Loïc Willm, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Arnaud Béchet, Lisa Ernoul, Alain Sandoz, Olivier Boutron, Stephan Arnassant, Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biodiversity, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Wilderness, Spatial analysis, Recreation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, biology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Biosphere, 021107 urban & regional planning, Forestry, Concurrence, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Biodiversity hotspot, Geography, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Greater flamingo, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract

Participatory mapping provides a way to collate a wide range of landscape values providing a visual representation to inform conservation planning. We tested the use of an iconic species, the Greater Flamingo, as a lens for participatory mapping to render explicit the socio-cultural values attributed in a landscape. Spatial information on six landscape values in a biodiversity hotspot, the Camargue Biosphere Reserve (southern France) was collected from 113 participants through surveys, interviews and workshops. This data was geo-located through a SoftGIS methodology to map and quantify the overlap of bivariate hotspots identifying value concurrence. The most frequent values recorded through total number of polygons and surface areas were wilderness and recreation. The least frequently mapped values were economic loss and biodiversity. There was frequent concurrence between biodiversity and aesthetic values especially in wetlands (lagoons, salt flats and sea). There was also frequent concurrence between biodiversity and recreational values with more overlap in sites with easy access (along roads and public areas). Our results show that using an iconic species is an effective way to render explicit spatial variations in the values attributed to a landscape and to identify concurrence of values, thus enabling integration of multiple landscape values in conservation planning.

Published
2018

4. A literature review of Algerian salt lakes: values, threats and implications

Author

Farid Allache, Alain Sandoz, Lisa Ernoul, Boujéma Samraoui, and Fatma Demnati

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Fauna, Biodiversity, Soil Science, Wetland, 010501 environmental sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Environmental protection, Agricultural land, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Land use, Agroforestry, business.industry, Geology, Pollution, Arid, Agriculture, business, Tourism
Abstract

Chotts are salt lakes located in the arid regions of Northern Africa. These unique wetlands are recognized for their role in the migration and breeding of waterbirds and economic values generated from mineral extraction, agriculture and tourist activities. Despite their importance for flora and fauna biodiversity, they continue to face important threats due to human activities. This article consolidates a literature review of Algerian chotts from global to local importance. An in-depth view demonstrates the changes in land use of two large chotts in the southeastern region of Algeria: Chotts Merouane and Melghir. Land use images highlight a net expansion of agricultural lands, a decrease in grazing area around the lakes and a decrease of salt lake surface area. The local focus highlights the threats and changes of Algerian and Northern African chotts and proposes some perspectives for the future.

Published
2017

5. Participatory integrated assessment of scenarios for organic farming at different scales in Camargue, France

Author

Christophe Le Page, Alain Sandoz, Santiago Lopez Ridaura, Phillipe Chauvelon, Jacques Wery, Jean Marc Barbier, Jean-Claude Mouret, Sylvestre Delmotte, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, CCAFS Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)

Subjects
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010501 environmental sciences, Développement agricole, 01 natural sciences, Réforme agraire, 11. Sustainability, Développement intégré, Agriculture durable, Environmental impact assessment, bio-economic model, stakeholder, farmer, 2. Zero hunger, Réglementation, indicator, Environmental resource management, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, cap reform, agent-based model, Participation des agriculteurs, Indicateur économique, E16 - Économie de la production, Organic farming, Common Agricultural Policy, multi-scale, Supply chain, Modèle économétrique, Agriculture biologique, Diversification (marketing strategy), 12. Responsible consumption, Agricultural policy, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, E10 - Économie et politique agricoles, business.industry, Modélisation des cultures, Évaluation de l'impact, 15. Life on land, PAC, Pesticide, approches participatives, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Sustainability, Utilisation, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Animal Science and Zoology, Système de culture, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Alternative agricultural systems, such as organic farming (OF), are promising options to sustain both agriculture productivity and environmental health. However, the adoption of OF by farmers is occurring more slowly than is advocated. A key factor limiting farmers is an inability to predict socio-economic consequences of converting to OF. To overcome this, we developed a novel method of integrated assessment of agricultural systems (IAAS) and applied it to scenarios of development of OF in the Camargue region, South of France. In collaboration with the local stakeholders, we characterized the agricultural systems at different spatial scales and defined scenario related to the future of agriculture and to OF. We then used agent-based modeling with farmers and bio-economic modeling with local stakeholders for scenario assessment. We examined the effects on the development of OF systems of key factors such as the ongoing reform in the European Common Agricultural Policy and the effects of regulations for decreased use of pesticides. The policy reform implied trends towards a diversification of crops and greater possibility for conversion to OF. Development of OF at the regional level led to improved environmental performance, but caused a decrease in profitability of the rice supply chains. In light of the observed trade-off between rice production and OF development, objectives and options towards more sustainable agricultural systems were discussed with farmers and local stakeholders. Stakeholders' assessment of the framework provided insights on the positive and specific aspects of the IAAS methodology requiring improvement. The complementarities of agent-based and bio-economic modeling provide stakeholders with a better-informed assessment of diverse scenarios, for the development of more sustainable agricultural systems.

Published
2016

6. Multi-scale integrated assessment of regional conversion to Organic Farming (OF)

Author

Laure Le Quéré, Jean Claude Mouret, Alain Sandoz, Santiago Lopez-Ridaura, Sylvestre Delmotte, Philippe Chauvelon, Gaël Goulevant, Christophe Le Page, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Agro-alimentaire (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat

Subjects
Natural resource economics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, 010501 environmental sciences, Développement agricole, 01 natural sciences, Analyse de système, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, bio-economic model, trade-off, 2. Zero hunger, Utilisation des terres, Trade offs, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, agent-based model, Adaptation de la production, Geography, Economy, Scale (social sciences), Nature Conservation, trajectory, E16 - Économie de la production, Organic farming, Oryza sativa, Agriculture biologique, camargue, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, rice, land-use change analysis, Étude de cas, Modèle de simulation, Analyse économique, 15. Life on land, Développement régional, scenario assessment, Agriculture, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, business, Scenario assessment
Abstract

Part III; International audience; Is the regional conversion to Organic Farming (OF) possible? What could be the consequences at different scales in terms of social and economic development as well as nature conservation? Taking the heterogeneity of farms and farming systems in the region into account, are there farmers more prone to conversion and others that face greater obstacles? The objective of this paper is to shed light on some of these question by presenting the results of a scenario assessment carried out with regard to the extension of OF in the Camargue region in southern France. The application of different modelling approaches with great potential for the multi-scale and multi-criteria evaluation of the extension of OF is presented: bio-economic models, agent-based models and land-use/cover change models. According to our results, the most probable conversion in the near future in the Camargue would take place in fields with low salt pressure that belong to livestock breeders and diversified cereal producers. However, the regional conversion to OF is plausible since the region could maintain its economic productivity while decreasing potential harmful impacts on the environment. Finally, the possible conversion trajectories suggest that certain farmers (specialised in rice production) might need greater assistance to ensure such conversion to OF since their economic performance would be hampered during that period. The application of these three approaches to explore the same scenario in one region revealed their complementarity for tackling the complex issue of regional conversion to OF from different angles.

Published
2014

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