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1. Should the Sludge Hit the Farm? – How Chemo-Social Relations Affect Policy Efforts to Circulate Phosphorus in Sweden

Author: Björn Wallsten and Linus Ekman Burgman
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Circular economy, Economic policy, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Geopolitics, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Politics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Circulation (currency), Sewage sludge, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Stakeholder, Phosphorus, Miljövetenskap, Social relation, Environmental Management, Policy, Chemo-social relations, Business, Element (criminal law), Miljöledning, Environmental Sciences, Sludge
Abstract: This article discerns why the substantial political efforts to increase circulation of nutrients in sewage sludge, and phosphorus in particular, have shown such meager results over the last twenty years in Sweden. We have analyzed stakeholders’ statements of opinions to four government-initiated inquiries, to decipher the chemo-social relations between stakeholders and phosphorus, and how these relations have transformed over time and made a difference in the policy process. In our analysis, we found five different relations: 1) a metabolic, 2) a purity, 3) a nutritional, 4) a marketable, and 5) a geopolitical. These relations connect actors, phosphorus and politics in different ways, and obstruct policymaking by creating tensions between political objectives, values and stakeholder positions. We observe how the extraction of phosphorus as a singular, marketable element to be sold for profit reasons on a global market, is increasingly favored in comparison to local eco-cycling of nutrients between farmers and consumers. We see this as a consequence of that the circular economy as a concept has replaced eco-cycle efforts in the Swedish policy debate. We conclude that if circular economy-initiatives are to be successfully implemented, they need to be informed by the current configuration of material flows that they wish to transform as well as the political implications of their efforts. So far, this has not been the case regarding sewage sludge in Sweden. Funding: Swedish Energy Agency Research School on Energy Systems; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2017-02142] Urban Refinery
Published: 2021

2. Updated physics performance of the ESSnuSB experiment

Author: A. Alekou, E. Baussan, N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, M. Blennow, M. Bogomilov, E. Bouquerel, A. Burgman, C. J. Carlile, J. Cederkall, P. Christiansen, M. Collins, E. Cristaldo Morales, L. D’Alessi, H. Danared, J. P. A. M. de André, J. P. Delahaye, M. Dracos, I. Efthymiopoulos, T. Ekelöf, M. Eshraqi, G. Fanourakis, E. Fernandez-Martinez, B. Folsom, M. Ghosh, G. Gokbulut, L. Halić, A. Kayis Topaksu, B. Kliček, K. Krhač, M. Lindroos, M. Mezzetto, M. Oglakci, T. Ohlsson, M. Olvegård, T. Ota, J. Park, G. Petkov, P. Poussot, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, G. Stavropoulos, M. Stipčević, F. Terranova, J. Thomas, T. Tolba, R. Tsenov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, N. Vassilopoulos, E. Wildner, J. Wurtz, O. Zormpa, Y. Zou, Alekou, A, Baussan, E, Blaskovic Kraljevic, N, Blennow, M, Bogomilov, M, Bouquerel, E, Burgman, A, Carlile, C, Cederkall, J, Christiansen, P, Collins, M, Cristaldo Morales, E, D'Alessi, L, Danared, H, de Andre, J, Delahaye, J, Dracos, M, Efthymiopoulos, I, Ekelof, T, Eshraqi, M, Fanourakis, G, Fernandez-Martinez, E, Folsom, B, Ghosh, M, Gokbulut, G, Halic, L, Kayis Topaksu, A, Klicek, B, Krhac, K, Lindroos, M, Mezzetto, M, Oglakci, M, Ohlsson, T, Olvegard, M, Ota, T, Park, J, Petkov, G, Poussot, P, Rosauro-Alcaraz, S, Stavropoulos, G, Stipcevic, M, Terranova, F, Thomas, J, Tolba, T, Tsenov, R, Vankova-Kirilova, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Wildner, E, Wurtz, J, Zormpa, O, Zou, Y, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
Subjects: CP Violation, Antineutrinos, neutrino, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Social Interaction, Física, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: In this paper, we present the physics performance of the ESSnuSB experiment in the standard three flavor scenario using the updated neutrino flux calculated specifically for the ESSnuSB configuration and updated migration matrices for the far detector. Taking conservative systematic uncertainties corresponding to a normalization error of $$5\%$$ 5 % for signal and $$10\%$$ 10 % for background, we find that there is $$10\sigma $$ 10 σ $$(13\sigma )$$ ( 13 σ ) CP violation discovery sensitivity for the baseline option of 540 km (360 km) at $$\delta _\mathrm{CP} = \pm 90^\circ $$ δ CP = ± 90 ∘ . The corresponding fraction of $$\delta _\mathrm{CP}$$ δ CP for which CP violation can be discovered at more than $$5 \sigma $$ 5 σ is $$70\%$$ 70 % . Regarding CP precision measurements, the $$1\sigma $$ 1 σ error associated with $$\delta _\mathrm{CP} = 0^\circ $$ δ CP = 0 ∘ is around $$5^\circ $$ 5 ∘ and with $$\delta _\mathrm{CP} = -90^\circ $$ δ CP = - 90 ∘ is around $$14^\circ $$ 14 ∘ $$(7^\circ )$$ ( 7 ∘ ) for the baseline option of 540 km (360 km). For hierarchy sensitivity, one can have $$3\sigma $$ 3 σ sensitivity for 540 km baseline except $$\delta _\mathrm{CP} = \pm 90^\circ $$ δ CP = ± 90 ∘ and $$5\sigma $$ 5 σ sensitivity for 360 km baseline for all values of $$\delta _\mathrm{CP}$$ δ CP . The octant of $$\theta _{23}$$ θ 23 can be determined at $$3 \sigma $$ 3 σ for the values of: $$\theta _{23} > 51^\circ $$ θ 23 > 51 ∘ ($$\theta _{23} < 42^\circ $$ θ 23 < 42 ∘ and $$\theta _{23} > 49^\circ $$ θ 23 > 49 ∘ ) for baseline of 540 km (360 km). Regarding measurement precision of the atmospheric mixing parameters, the allowed values at $$3 \sigma $$ 3 σ are: $$40^\circ< \theta _{23} < 52^\circ $$ 40 ∘ < θ 23 < 52 ∘ ($$42^\circ< \theta _{23} < 51.5^\circ $$ 42 ∘ < θ 23 < 51 . 5 ∘ ) and $$2.485 \times 10^{-3}$$ 2.485 × 10 - 3 eV$$^2< \varDelta m^2_{31} < 2.545 \times 10^{-3}$$ 2 < Δ m 31 2 < 2.545 × 10 - 3 eV$$^2$$ 2 ($$2.49 \times 10^{-3}$$ 2.49 × 10 - 3 eV$$^2< \varDelta m^2_{31} < 2.54 \times 10^{-3}$$ 2 < Δ m 31 2 < 2.54 × 10 - 3 eV$$^2$$ 2 ) for the baseline of 540 km (360 km).
Published: 2021

3. IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data

Author: Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Anderson, T., Garrappa, Simone, Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Ansseau, I., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Anton, G., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Argüelles, C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Axani, S., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Bai, X., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katori, T., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Balagopal, A., V., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Barbano, A., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Barwick, S. W., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Bastian-Querner, Benjamin, Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, Wing Yan, Madsen, J., Adams, J., Basu, V., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mandalia, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Baum, V., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Baur, S., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Neer, G., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Bay, R., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Beatty, J. J., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Becker, K.-H., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renschler, M., Becker Tjus, J., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Bellenghi, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, BenZvi, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Berley, D., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G. M., Aguilar, J. A., Bernardini, E., Spiering, C., Stachurska, Juliana, Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., Besson, D. Z., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Binder, G., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, Alexander, Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Bindig, D., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., Santen, Jakob van, Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Blaufuss, E., Wallace, A., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Blot, S., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Böser, S., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., IceCube Collaboration, Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Ahlers, M., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, Federica, Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, Jannes, Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Ahrens, M., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Alispach, C., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., Alves, A. A., Jr., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Amin, N. M., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Andeen, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Collaboration, IceCube, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: ASTROPHYSICS, High energy, photon electron, ice, power spectrum, 01 natural sciences, Power law, charged current, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), LIMITS, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), MONTE-CARLO, atmosphere [muon], astro-ph.HE, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, hep-ph, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], atmosphere [neutrino], antineutrino, observatory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, background [muon], Particle physics, neutral current, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, dark matter, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, NEUTRINO EMISSION, SEARCH, 0103 physical sciences, TeV, SCATTERING, ddc:530, spectrum [cosmic radiation], 010306 general physics, SPECTRUM, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Isotropy, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, spectrum [neutrino], flavor [neutrino], flux [neutrino], PERFORMANCE, messenger, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, High Energy Physics::Experiment, statistical
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has established the existence of a high-energy all-sky neutrino flux of astrophysical origin. This discovery was made using events interacting within a fiducial region of the detector surrounded by an active veto and with reconstructed energy above 60 TeV, commonly known as the high-energy starting event sample, or HESE. We revisit the analysis of the HESE sample with an additional 4.5 years of data, newer glacial ice models, and improved systematics treatment. This paper describes the sample in detail, reports on the latest astrophysical neutrino flux measurements, and presents a source search for astrophysical neutrinos. We give the compatibility of these observations with specific isotropic flux models proposed in the literature as well as generic power-law-like scenarios. Assuming $\nu_e:\nu_\mu:\nu_\tau=1:1:1$, and an equal flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos, we find that the astrophysical neutrino spectrum is compatible with an unbroken power law, with a preferred spectral index of ${2.87}^{+0.20}_{-0.19}$ for the $68.3\%$ confidence interval., Comment: 57 pages, 33 figures, 14 tables, additionally this work is accompanied by papers titled "Measurement of Astrophysical Tau Neutrinos in IceCube's High-Energy Starting Events" and "Measurement of the high-energy all-flavor neutrino-nucleon cross section with IceCube"
Published: 2022

4. ANTARES and IceCube Combined Search for Neutrino Point-like and Extended Sources in the Southern Sky

Author: Antares, Collaboration, Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, T. N., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coleiro, A., Colomer, M., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., de Wasseige, G., Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., El Bojaddaini, I., El Khayati, N., Elsässer, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fassi, F., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Le Breton, R., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lopez-Coto, D., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nielsen, C., Nuñez-Castiñeyra, A., O'Fearraigh, B., Organokov, M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Randazzo, N., Riccobene, G., Sánchez-Losa, A., Salah-Eddine, A., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Strandberg, B., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thakore, T., Tingay, S. J., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Icecube, Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., A. Balagopal V., Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Becker Tjus, J., Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., Delaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de With, M., Deyoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., W. Y., Ma, Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Mcnally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., KM3NeT (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, ANTARES, IceCube, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, T. N., El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui, Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coleiro, A., Colomer, M., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., Wasseige, G. de, Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Palma, I. Di, Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Bojaddaini, I. El, Khayati, N. El, Elsässer, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fassi, F., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jong, M. de, Jong, P. de, Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Breton, R. Le, Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lopez-Coto, D., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nielsen, C., Nuñez-Castiñeyra, A., O’Fearraigh, B., Organokov, M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Randazzo, N., Riccobene, G., Sánchez-Losa, A., Salah-Eddine, A., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Strandberg, B., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thakore, T., Tingay, S. J., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K.-H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., Clercq, C. De, DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., O’Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., de los Heros, C. Pérez, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Albert, A, Andre, M, Anghinolfi, M, Anton, G, Ardid, M, Aubert, J-J, Aublin, J, Baret, B, Basa, S, Belhorma, B, Bertin, V, Biagi, S, Bissinger, M, Boumaaza, J, Bourret, S, Bouta, M, Bouwhuis, Mc, Branzas, H, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Busto, J, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Carr, J, Celli, S, Chabab, M, Chau, Tn, El Moursli, Rc, Chiarusi, T, Circella, M, Coleiro, A, Colomer, M, Coniglione, R, Costantini, H, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Diaz, Af, de Wasseige, G, Deschamps, A, Distefano, C, Palma, Id, Domi, A, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Drouhin, D, Eberl, T, El Bojaddaini, I, Khayati, Ne, Elsasser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Ettahiri, A, Fassi, F, Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Filippini, F, Fusco, L, Gay, P, Glotin, H, Gozzini, R, Ruiz, Rg, Graf, K, Guidi, C, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Heijboer, Aj, Hello, Y, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hossl, J, Hofestadt, J, Illuminati, G, James, Cw, de Jong, M, de Jong, P, Jongen, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Katz, U, Khan-Chowdhury, Nr, Kouchner, A, Kreter, M, Kreykenbohm, I, Kulikovskiy, V, Lahmann, R, Le Breton, R, Lefevre, D, Leonora, E, Levi, G, Lincetto, M, Lopez-Coto, D, Loucatos, S, Maggi, G, Manczak, J, Marcelin, M, Margiotta, A, Marinelli, A, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Mele, R, Melis, K, Migliozzi, P, Moser, M, Moussa, A, Muller, R, Nauta, L, Navas, S, Nezri, E, Nielsen, C, Nunez-Castineyra, A, O'Fearraigh, B, Organokov, M, Pavalas, Ge, Pellegrino, C, Perrin-Terrin, M, Piattelli, P, Poire, C, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Quinn, L, Randazzo, N, Riccobene, G, Sanchez-Losa, A, Salah-Eddine, A, Samtleben, Dfe, Sanguineti, M, Sapienza, P, Schussler, F, Spurio, M, Stolarczyk, T, Strandberg, B, Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Thakore, T, Tingay, Sj, Trovato, A, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Versari, F, Viola, S, Vivolo, D, Wilms, J, Zaborov, D, Zegarelli, A, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, Aartsen, Mg, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, Ja, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Alispach, C, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Backes, P, Bagherpour, H, Bai, X, Balagopal, Av, Barbano, A, Barwick, Sw, Bastian, B, Baum, V, Baur, S, Bay, R, Beatty, Jj, Becker, K-H, Tjus, Jb, Benzvi, S, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Besson, Dz, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Bohm, C, Boser, S, Botner, O, Bottcher, J, Bourbeau, E, Bourbeau, J, Bradascio, F, Braun, J, Bron, S, Brostean-Kaiser, J, Burgman, A, Buscher, J, Busse, R, Carver, T, Chen, C, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Choi, S, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coleman, A, Collin, Gh, Conrad, Jm, Coppin, P, Correa, P, Cowen, Df, Cross, R, Dave, P, De Clercq, C, Delaunay, Jj, Dembinski, H, Deoskar, K, Ridder, Sd, Desiati, P, de Vries, Kd, With, M, Deyoung, T, Diaz, A, Diaz-Velez, Jc, Dujmovic, H, Dunkman, M, Dvorak, E, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eller, P, Engel, R, Evenson, Pa, Fahey, S, Fazely, Ar, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fox, D, Franckowiak, A, Friedman, E, Fritz, A, Gaisser, Tk, Gallagher, J, Ganster, E, Garrappa, S, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Glauch, T, Glusenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Gonzalez, Jg, Grant, D, Gregoire, T, Griffith, Z, Griswold, S, Gunder, M, Gunduz, M, Haack, C, Hallgren, A, Halliday, R, Halve, L, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Haungs, A, Hebecker, D, Heereman, D, Heix, P, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Henningsen, F, Hickford, S, Hignight, J, Hill, Gc, Hoffman, Kd, Hoffmann, R, Hoinka, T, Hokanson-Fasig, B, Hoshina, K, Huang, F, Huber, M, Huber, T, Hultqvist, K, Hunnefeld, M, Hussain, R, In, S, Iovine, N, Ishihara, A, Jansson, M, Japaridze, G, Jeong, M, Jero, K, Jones, Bjp, Jonske, F, Joppe, R, Kang, D, Kang, W, Kappes, A, Kappesser, D, Karg, T, Karl, M, Karle, A, Kauer, M, Kelley, Jl, Kheirandish, A, Kim, J, Kintscher, T, Kiryluk, J, Kittler, T, Klein, Sr, Koirala, R, Kolanoski, H, Kopke, L, Kopper, C, Kopper, S, Koskinen, Dj, Kowalski, M, Krings, K, Kruckl, G, Kulacz, N, Kurahashi, N, Kyriacou, A, Lanfranchi, Jl, Larson, Mj, Lauber, F, Lazar, Jp, Leonard, K, Leszczynska, A, Leuermann, M, Liu, Qr, Lohfink, E, Mariscal, Cjl, Lu, L, Lucarelli, F, Lunemann, J, Luszczak, W, Lyu, Y, Ma, Wy, Madsen, J, Mahn, Kbm, Makino, Y, Mallik, P, Mallot, K, Mancina, S, Maris, Ic, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Maunu, R, Mcnally, F, Meagher, K, Medici, M, Medina, A, Meier, M, Meighen-Berger, S, Merino, G, Meures, T, Micallef, J, Mockler, D, Momente, G, Montaruli, T, Moore, Rw, Morse, R, Moulai, M, Muth, P, Nagai, R, Naumann, U, Neer, G, Niederhausen, H, Nisa, Mu, Nowicki, Sc, Nygren, Dr, Pollmann, Ao, Oehler, M, Olivas, A, O'Murchadha, A, O'Sullivan, E, Palczewski, T, Pandya, H, Pankova, Dv, Park, N, Peiffer, P, de los Heros, Cp, Philippen, S, Pieloth, D, Pieper, S, Pinat, E, Pizzuto, A, Plum, M, Porcelli, A, Price, Pb, Przybylski, Gt, Raab, C, Raissi, A, Rameez, M, Rauch, L, Rawlins, K, Rea, Ic, Reimann, R, Relethford, B, Renschler, M, Renzi, G, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Richman, M, Robertson, S, Rongen, M, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Ryckbosch, D, Rysewyk, D, Safa, I, Herrera, Se, Sandrock, A, Sandroos, J, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Satalecka, K, Schaufel, M, Schieler, H, Schlunder, P, Schmidt, T, Schneider, A, Schneider, J, Schroder, Fg, Schumacher, L, Sclafani, S, Seckel, D, Seunarine, S, Shefali, S, Silva, M, Snihur, R, Soedingrekso, J, Soldin, D, Song, M, Spiczak, Gm, Spiering, C, Stachurska, J, Stamatikos, M, Stanev, T, Stein, R, Stettner, J, Steuer, A, Stezelberger, T, Stokstad, Rg, Stosssl, A, Strotjohann, Nl, Sturwald, T, Stuttard, T, Sullivan, Gw, Taboada, I, Tenholt, F, Ter-Antonyan, S, Terliuk, A, Tilav, S, Tollefson, K, Tomankova, L, Tonnis, C, Toscano, S, Tosi, D, Trettin, A, Tselengidou, M, Tung, Cf, Turcati, A, Turcotte, R, Turley, Cf, Ty, B, Unger, E, Elorrieta, Mau, Usner, M, Vandenbroucke, J, Van Driessche, W, van Eijk, D, van Eijndhoven, N, van Santen, J, Verpoest, S, Vraeghe, M, Walck, C, Wallace, A, Wallraff, M, Wandkowsky, N, Watson, Tb, Weaver, C, Weindl, A, Weiss, Mj, Weldert, J, Wendt, C, Werthebach, J, Whelan, Bj, Whitehorn, N, Wiebe, K, Wiebusch, Ch, Wille, L, Williams, Dr, Wills, L, Wolf, M, Wood, J, Wood, Tr, Woschnagg, K, Wrede, G, Xu, Dl, Xu, Xw, Xu, Y, Yanez, Jp, Yodh, G, Yoshida, S, Yuan, T, Zocklein, M, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, Elementary Particle Physics, Andre, M., Aubert, J. -J., Branzas, H., El Moursli, R. C., Diaz, A. F., Wasseige, G. D., Palma, I. D., Bojaddaini, I. E., Khayati, N. E., Elsasser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Ruiz, R. G., Van Haren, H., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hossl, J., Hofestadt, J., Jong, M. D., Jong, P. D., Breton, R. L., Lefevre, D., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Nuez-Castieyra, A., O'Fearraigh, B., Pavalas, G. E., Poire, C., Sanchez-Losa, A., Schussler, F., Stolarczyk, T., Zuiga, J., Arguelles, C., V. A., B., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. B., Benzvi, S., Boser, S., Bottcher, J., Clercq, C. D., Delaunay, J. J., Ridder, S. D., Vries, K. D. D., With, M. D., Deyoung, T., Diaz-Velez, J. C., Glusenkamp, T., Gregoire, T., Gunder, M., Gunduz, M., Hunnefeld, M., Kopke, L., Kruckl, G., Leszczynska, A., Lunemann, J., Maris, I. C., Mcnally, F., Momente, G., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., De Los Heros, C. P., Schroder, F. G., Stossl, A., Sturwald, T., Tonnis, C., Elorrieta, M. A. U., Van Eijk, D., Van Eijndhoven, N., Van Santen, J., and Zocklein, M.
Subjects: Astrofísica, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science and engineering, 01 natural sciences, Point like and extended sources, IceCube, particle source [neutrino], High-throughput computing, detector [neutrino], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrinos, astrophysical neutrinos, neutrino telescopes, GAMMA RAY EMISSION, COSMIC RAYS, COSMIC-RAYS, neutrino: detector, Neutrino astronomy, Science policy, Engineering research, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Antares neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, Neutrins, Neutrinos, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Astroparticle physics, IceCube neutrino telescope, ANTARES, Telescopis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, DESY, neutrino: particle source, sensitivity, Neutrino astrophysics, Computing center, flux, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Research council, FISICA APLICADA, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], ddc:520, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, Telescopes
Abstract: [EN] A search for point-like and extended sources of cosmic neutrinos using data collected by the ANTARES and IceCube neutrino telescopes is presented. The data set consists of all the track-like and shower-like events pointing in the direction of the Southern Sky included in the nine-year ANTARES point-source analysis, combined with the throughgoing track-like events used in the seven-year IceCube point-source search. The advantageous ¿eld of view of ANTARES and the large size of IceCube are exploited to improve the sensitivity in the Southern Sky by a factor of ~2 compared to both individual analyses. In this work, the Southern Sky is scanned for possible excesses of spatial clustering, and the positions of preselected candidate sources are investigated. In addition, special focus is given to the region around the Galactic Center, whereby a dedicated search at the location of SgrA* is performed, and to the location of the supernova remnant RXJ 1713.7-3946. No signi¿cant evidence for cosmic neutrino sources is found, and upper limits on the ¿ux from the various searches are presented., The authors of the IceCube Collaboration acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions: USA-U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium-Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing Cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden-Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia - Australian Research Council; Canada-Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark-Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand-Marsden Fund; Japan-Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom-Department of Physics, University of Oxford.
Published: 2020

5. Protecting biodiversity and economic returns in resource‐rich tropical forests

Author: Elizabeth Dow Goldman, Janeth Lessmann, James G. C. Ball, and Mark A. Burgman
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, EFFICIENCY, Opportunity cost, Natural resource economics, Biodiversity & Conservation, CONSERVATION, 05 Environmental Sciences, DIVERSITY, Biodiversity, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, POLLUTION, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, spatial conservation prioritization, fossil fuels, DISTURBANCE, spatial conservation prioritisation, Amazon, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biodiversity, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Science & Technology, Ecology, OIL INDUSTRY, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, AREA, TRADE-OFFS, 06 Biological Sciences, Natural resource, Petroleum industry, Threatened species, Biodiversity Conservation, Ecuador, Natural capital, Protected area, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences, COSTS, Global biodiversity
Abstract: In pursuit of socioeconomic development, many countries are expanding oil and mineral extraction into tropical forests. These activities seed access to remote, biologically rich areas, thereby endangering global biodiversity. Here we demonstrate that conservation solutions that effectively balance the protection of biodiversity and economic revenues are possible in biologically valuable regions. Using spatial data on oil profits and predicted species and ecosystem extents, we optimise the protection of 741 terrestrial species and 20 ecosystems of the Ecuadorian Amazon, across a range of opportunity costs (i.e. sacrifices of extractive profit). For such an optimisation, giving up 5% of a year's oil profits (US$ 221 million) allows for a protected area network that retains of an average of 65% of the extent of each species/ecosystem. This performance far exceeds that of the network produced by simple land area optimisation which requires a sacrifice of approximately 40% of annual oil profits (US$ 1.7 billion), and uses only marginally less land, to achieve equivalent levels of ecological protection. Applying spatial statistics to remotely sensed, historic deforestation data, we further focus the optimisation to areas most threatened by imminent forest loss. We identify Emergency Conservation Targets: areas that are essential to a cost-effective conservation reserve network and at imminent risk of destruction, thus requiring urgent and effective protection. Governments should employ the methods presented here when considering extractive led development options, to responsibly manage the associated ecological-economic trade-offs and protect natural capital. Article Impact Statement: Governments controlling resource extraction from tropical forests can arrange production and conservation to retain biodiversity and profits. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020

6. EFFECTS OF THE DIFFERENT IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGISLATION RELATING TO SEWAGE SLUDGE DISPOSAL IN THE EU

Author: Anders Lagerkvist, Lale Andreas, Linus Ekman Burgman, and Torben Bauer
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Legislation, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Environmental protection, Member state, Environmental Chemistry, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Sewage sludge, Waste Management and Disposal, Land application, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Pollutant, business.industry, Other Environmental Engineering, Directive, Incineration, Nutrient recovery, Phosphorus recovery, Agriculture, Annan naturresursteknik, Environmental science, business, Sludge
Abstract: The European Directive 86/278/EEC implemented in 1986 was a means adopted by the European Union to improve use of the valuables in sewage sludge by applying treated sludge on agricultural soils. To prevent an accumulation of pollutants, the Directive provided suggestions limiting concentrations of toxic elements in sewage sludge and agricultural soil. The Directive was implemented diversely throughout EU member states, with current national legislations only partly reflecting the initial intentions of the EU Directive from 30 years ago. This study demonstrates how the European Directive was implemented in three countries currently at different stages of replacing the agricultural application of sewage sludge with incineration (Netherlands, Germany and Sweden). Additionally, recent changes in the legislation with regards to the re-use and final disposal of sewage sludge in the three chosen member states are analysed. The aim was to investigate how each member state has solved the conflict between improvement of nutrient recovery from sludge and limitation of pollutants in agricultural soil. Based on this review, limit values are not necessarily reflected in application rates of sewage sludge in agriculture. Following changes in current legislation, phosphorus recovery will become a priority task. The recovery of other valuables from sewage sludge is currently not regulated in the legislation of the three member states investigated. Validerad;2020;Nivå 2;2020-08-17 (marisr)
Published: 2020

7. All-flavor constraints on nonstandard neutrino interactions and generalized matter potential with three years of IceCube DeepCore data

Author: Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Andeen, K., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, Erik, Garcia, A., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Anderson, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, Christoph, Haack, Christian, Hallgren, A., Ansseau, I., Halliday, R., Halve, Lasse Yannik, Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Haungs, A., Hauser, Simon, Hebecker, D., Anton, G., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E. C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Argüelles, C., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ashida, Y., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Joppe, Robert, Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Axani, S., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, Moritz, Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Bai, X., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Balagopal V., A., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lad, N., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Barbano, A., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Lincetto, M., Liu, Q. R., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Adams, J., Barwick, S. W., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Bastian, B., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McElroy, T., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, Johannes, Basu, V., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Baur, S., Nguyễn, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Bay, R., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, Saskia, Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pittermann, M., Beatty, J. J., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Becker, K.-H., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, René, Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Becker Tjus, J., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, Martin, Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Bellenghi, C., Saffer, J., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, Satalecka, K., Scharf, Maximilian Karl, Schaufel, Merlin, BenZvi, S., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, Lisa Johanna, Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Aguilar, J. A., Berley, D., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Bernardini, E., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, Jöran Benjamin, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Besson, D. Z., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Binder, G., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Bindig, D., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Blaufuss, E., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B. J., Blot, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, Christopher, Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Bontempo, F., Yoshida, S., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., IceCube Collaboration, Borowka, Jürgen, Böser, S., Ahlers, M., Botner, O., Böttcher, Jakob, Bourbeau, E., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Ahrens, M., Campana, M. A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Alispach, C., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Alves Jr., A. A., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, Sukeerthi, Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Amin, N. M., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, Hannah, Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fazely, A. R., An, R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, Philipp, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics beyond the Standard Model, FOS: Physical sciences, Scale (descriptive set theory), GeV, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, PARAMETRIC-RESONANCE, IceCube, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), matter, effect, Subatomic Physics, 0103 physical sciences, OSCILLATIONS, ddc:530, mediation, structure, scale, new physics, SOLAR, 010306 general physics, BARYON, Physics, Coupling, matter, potential, flavor, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, momentum transfer, neutrino, interaction, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Momentum transfer, coupling constant, hep-ph, Limiting, Fermion, ddc, MODEL, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics and Astronomy, neutrino, atmosphere, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS, Neutrino, Event (particle physics)
Abstract: We report constraints on nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSI) from the observation of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube, limiting all individual coupling strengths from a single dataset. Furthermore, IceCube is the first experiment to constrain flavor-violating and nonuniversal couplings simultaneously. Hypothetical NSI are generically expected to arise due to the exchange of a new heavy mediator particle. Neutrinos propagating in matter scatter off fermions in the forward direction with negligible momentum transfer. Hence the study of the matter effect on neutrinos propagating in the Earth is sensitive to NSI independently of the energy scale of new physics. We present constraints on NSI obtained with an all-flavor event sample of atmospheric neutrinos based on three years of IceCube DeepCore data. The analysis uses neutrinos arriving from all directions, with reconstructed energies between 5.6 GeV and 100 GeV. We report constraints on the individual NSI coupling strengths considered singly, allowing for complex phases in the case of flavor-violating couplings. This demonstrates that IceCube is sensitive to the full NSI flavor structure at a level competitive with limits from the global analysis of all other experiments. In addition, we investigate a generalized matter potential, whose overall scale and flavor structure are also constrained., Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures. This submission matches the published version
Published: 2021

8. Alternative futures for global biological invasions

Author: Helen E. Roy, Franz Essl, Lucas Rutting, Jonathan M. Jeschke, Ingolf Kühn, Reuben P. Keller, Guillaume Latombe, Bernd Lenzner, Núria Roura-Pascual, Marten Winter, Mark A. Burgman, Garry D. Peterson, Piero Genovesi, Stefan Dullinger, Andrew M. Liebhold, Hanno Seebens, Riccardo Scalera, Aníbal Pauchard, Betsy Von Holle, Melodie A. McGeoch, Sven Bacher, Joost Vervoort, Gregory M. Ruiz, Michael R. Springborn, Stelios Katsanevakis, Karl-Heinz Erb, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Philip E. Hulme, Michael Obersteiner, Brian Leung, Environmental Governance, and Commonwealth of Australia
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Health (social science), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sociology and Political Science, Biosecurity, Geography, Planning and Development, Future narratives, Environmental scenarios, 01 natural sciences, Land use, land-use change and forestry, Global environmental change, Green & Sustainable Science & Technology, Uncategorized, Global and Planetary Change, Geography, Policy and Law, Ecology, Introduced organisms, Biodiversity, SCENARIOS, Management, Impacts, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Biodiversity models, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Espècies introduïdes, Monitoring, Process (engineering), Alien species, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, Health(social science), Scenario analysis, Biological invasions, Invasions biològiques, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Planning and Development, Sustainable development, Science & Technology, Citizen journalism, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie, FRAMEWORK, Biodiversitat, Canvi mediambiental global, Landscape ecology, PLANT INVASIONS, Futures contract, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Scenario analysis has emerged as a key tool to analyze complex and uncertain future socio-ecological developments. However, currently existing global scenarios (narratives of how the world may develop) have neglected biological invasions, a major threat to biodiversity and the economy. Here, we use a novel participatory process to develop a diverse set of global biological invasion scenarios spanning a wide range of plausible global futures through to 2050. We adapted the widely used “two axes” scenario analysis approach to develop four families of four scenarios each, resulting in 16 scenarios that were later clustered into four contrasting sets of futures. Our analysis highlights that socioeconomic developments and technological innovation have the potential to shape biological invasions, in addition to well-known drivers, such as climate and human land use change and global trade. Our scenarios partially align with the shared socioeconomic pathways created by the climate change research community. Several factors that drive differences in biological invasions were underrepresented in the shared socioeconomic pathways; in particular, the implementation of biosecurity policies. We argue that including factors related to public environmental awareness and technological and trade development in global scenarios and models is essential to adequately consider biological invasions in global environmental assessments and thereby obtain a more integrative picture of future social–ecological developments This research was funded through the COST Action “Alien Challenge” [Grant number TD1209]; the 2017–2018 Belmont Forum and BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND programme, and with the funding organisations AEI, FWF and BMBF [grant numbers AEI PCI2018-092966 (NRP)/FWF project 4011-B32 (FE, SD, GL, BeL)/BMBF projects 01LC1807A (HS) and 01LC1807B (JMJ)]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [grant numbers InDyNet, JE 288/8-1; JE 288/9-1, 9-2 (JMJ)/via iDiv FZT 118, 202548816 (MW)]; OP RDE grant EVA4.0 [grant number CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803] (AML); CONICYT [grant number AFB170008] (AP); UK-SCAPE programme, Natural Environment Research Council [grant number NE/R016429/1] (HER)
Published: 2021

9. Search for Multimessenger Sources of Gravitational Waves and High-energy Neutrinos with Advanced LIGO during Its First Observing Run, ANTARES, and IceCube

Author: Albert, A, Andre, M, Anghinolfi, M, Ardid, M, Aubert, J-J and Aublin, J, Avgitas, T, Baret, B, Barrios-Marti, J, Basa, S, Belhorma, B, Bertin, V and Biagi, S, Bormuth, R, Boumaaza, J, Bourret, S, Bouwhuis, M. C, Branzas, H, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Busto, J, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Carr, J, Celli, S, Chabab, M, Moursli, El, Cherkaoui and Chiarusi, R., T, Circella, M, Coelho, J. A. B, Coleiro, A, Colomer, M, Coniglione, R, Costantini, H, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Diaz, A. F, Deschamps, A, Distefano, C, Palma, Di, I and Domi, A, Dona, R, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Drouhin, D, Eberl, T, Bojaddaini, El, I and El Khayati, N, Elsaesser, D, Enzenhoefer, A, Ettahiri, A, Fassi, F, Felis, I and Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Fusco, L, Gay, P, Glotin, H, Gregoire, T, Ruiz, Gracia and Graf, R., K, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Heijboer, A. J, Hello, Y, Hernandez-Rey, J. J, Hoessl, J, Hofestaedt, J, Illuminati, G, de Jong, M, Jongen, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Katz, U, Khan-Chowdhury, N. R, Kouchner, A, Kreter, M, Kreykenbohm, I and Kulikovskiy, V and Lachaud, C, Lahmann, R, Lefevre, D, Leonora, E, Levi, G, Lotze, M, Loucatos, S, Maggi, G, Marcelin, M, Margiotta, A, Marinelli, A, Martinez-Mora, J. A, Mele, R, Melis, K, Migliozzi, P, Moussa, A, Navas, S, Nezri, E, Nunez, A, Organokov, M, Pavalas, G. E, Pellegrino, C, Piattelli, P, Popa, V and Pradier, Quinn, L, Racca, C, Randazzo, N, Riccobene, G, Sanchez-Losa, A, Saldana, M, Salvadori, I and Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M, Sapienza, P, Schussler, F, Spurio, M, Stolarczyk, Th and Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Trovato, A, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Versari, F, Vivolo, D, Wilms, J, Zaborov, D, Zornoza, J. D, Zuniga, J, Aartsen, M. G, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, J. A, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I and Anton, G, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Backes, P, Bagherpour, H, Bai, X, Barbano, A, Barron, J. P, Barwick, S. W, Baum, V and Bay, R, Beatty, J. J, Tjus, Becker and Becker, J., K-H and BenZvi, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Besson, D. Z, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Bohm, C, Boerner, M, Bos, F, Boeser, S, Botner, O, Bourbeau, E, Bourbeau, J, Bradascio, F, Braun, J, Brenzke, M, Bretz, H-P and Bron, Brostean-Kaiser, J, Burgman, A, Busse, R. S, Carver, T, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Clark, K, Classen, L, Collin, G. H, Conrad, J. M, Coppin, P, Correa, P, Cowen, D. F, Cross, R, Dave, P, Day, M, de Andre, J. P. A. M, De Clercq, C, Delaunay, J. J, Dembinski, H, Deoskar, K, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, K. D, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, Deyoung, T, Diaz-Velez, J. C, Lorenzo, Di, V and Dujmovic, H, Dumm, J. P, Dunkman, M, Dvorak, E, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eller, P, Evenson, P. A, Fahey, S, Fazely, A. R, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Franckowiak, A, Friedman, E, Fritz, A, Gaisser, T. K, Gallagher, J, Ganster, E, Garrappa, S, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Giang, W, Glauch, T, Gluesenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Gonzalez, J. G, Grant, D, Griffith, Z, Haack, C, Hallgren, A, Halve, L, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Hebecker, D, Heereman, D, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Hickford, S, Hignight, J, Hill, G. C, Hoffman, K. D, Hoffmann, R, Hoinka, T, Hokanson-Fasig, B, Hoshina, K, Huang, F, Huber, M, Hultqvist, K, Huennefeld, M, Hussain, R, In, S, Iovine, N, Ishihara, A, Jacobi, E, Japaridze, G. S, Jeong, M, Jero, K, Jones, B. J. P, Kalaczynski, P, Kang, W, Kappes, A, Kappesser, D, Karg, T, Karle, A, Kauer, M, Keivani, A, Kelley, J. L, Kheirandish, A, Kim, J, Kintscher, T, Kiryluk, J, Kittler, T, Klein, S. R, Koirala, R, Kolanoski, H, Koepke, L, Kopper, C, Kopper, S, Koschinsky, J. P, Koskinen, D. J, Kowalski, M, Krings, K, Kroll, M, Krueckl, G, Kunwar, S, Kurahashi, N, Kyriacou, A, Labare, M, Lanfranchi, J. L, Larson, M. J, Lauber, F, Leonard, K, Leuermann, M, Liu, Q. R, Lohfink, E, Mariscal, Lozano and Lu, C. J., L, Lunemann, J, Luszczak, W, Madsen, J, Mahn, K. B. M, Makino, Y, Mancina, S, Maris, I. C, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Maunu, R, Meagher, K, Medici, M, Meier, M, Menne, T, Merino, G, Meures, T, Miarecki, S, Micallef, J, Momente, G, Montaruli, T, Moore, R. W, Moulai, M, Nagai, R, Nahnhauer, R, Nakarmi, P, Naumann, U, Neer, G, Niederhausen, H, Nowicki, S. C, Nygren, D. R, Pollmann, Obertacke and Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A, O'Sullivan, E, Palczewski, T, Pandya, H, Pankova, V, D, Peiffer, P, Pepper, J. A, de los Heros, Perez and Pieloth, C., Pinat, E, Pizzuto, A, Plum, M, Price, P. B, Przybylski, G. T, Raab, C, Rameez, M, Rauch, L, Rawlins, K, Rea, I. C, Reimann, R, Relethford, B, Renzi, G, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Richman, M, Robertson, S, Rongen, M, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Ryckbosch, D, Rysewyk, D, Safa, I and Herrera, Sanchez and Sandrock, S. E., Sandroos, J, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Satalecka, K, Schaufel, M, Schlunder, P, Schmidt, T, Schneider, A, Schneider, J, Schoeneberg, S, Schumacher, L, Sclafani, S, Seckel, D, Seunarine, S, Soedingrekso, J, Soldin, D, Song, M, Spiczak, G. M, Spiering, C, Stachurska, J, Stamatikos, M, Stanev, T, Stasik, A, Stein, R, Stettner, J, Steuer, A, Stezelberger, T, Stokstad, R. G, Stossl, A, Strotjohann, N. L, Stuttard, T, Sullivan, G. W, Sutherland, M, Taboada, I and Tenholt, F, Ter-Antonyan, S, Terliuk, A, Tilav, S, Toale, P. A, Tobin, M. N, Tonnis, C, Toscano, S, Tosi, D, Tselengidou, M, Tung, C. F, Turcati, A, Turcotte, R, Turley, C. F, Ty, B, Unger, E, Elorrieta, Unland and Usner, M. A., Vandenbroucke, J, Van Driessche, W, van Eijk, D, van Eijndhoven, N, Vanheule, S, van Santen, J, Vraeghe, M, Walck, C, Wallace, A, Wallraff, M, Wandler, F. D, Wandkowsky, N, Watson, T. B, Waza, A, Weaver, C, Weiss, M. J, Wendt, C, Werthebach, J, Westerhoff, S, Whelan, B. J, Whitehorn, N, Wiebe, K, Wiebusch, C. H, Wille, L, Williams, D. R, Wills, L, Wolf, M, Wood, J, Wood, T. R, Woolsey, E, Woschnagg, K, Wrede, G, D. L, Xu, X. W, Xu, Xu, Y, Yanez, J. P, Yodh, G, Yoshida, S, Yuan, T, Abbott, B. P, Abbott, R, Abbott, T. D, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adya, V. B, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, O. D, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Aloy, M. A, Altin, P. A, Amato, A, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, S. B, Anderson, W. G, Angelova, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Araya, M. C, Areeda, J. S, Arene, M, Arnaud, N, Arun, K. G, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aston, S. M, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V and Avila-Alvarez, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, M. K. M, Bae, S, Baker, P. T, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, S. W, Banagiri, S, Barayoga, J. C, Barclay, S. E, Barish, B. C, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barnum, S, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Bartos, I and Bassiri, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, J. C, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I and Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D, Berger, B. K, Bergmann, G, Bernuzzi, S, Bero, J. J, Berry, C. P. L, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Bhandare, R, Bidler, J, Bilenko, I. A, Bilgili, S. A, Billingsley, G, Birch, J, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, M. A, Blackburn, J. K, Blair, C. D, Blair, D. G, Blair, R. M, Bloemen, S, Bode, N, Boer, M, Boetzel, Y, Bogaert, G, Bondu, F, Bonilla, E, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, B. A, Booth, C. D, Bork, R, Boschi, V and Bose, Bossie, K, Bossilkov, V and Bosveld, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, P. R, Bramley, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, J. E, Briant, T, Briggs, J. H, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brisson, V and Brockill, Brooks, A. F, Brown, D. D, Brunett, S, Buikema, A, Bulik, T, Bulten, H. J, Buonanno, A, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, R. L, Cabero, M, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, Calderon and Callister, J., T. A., Calloni, E, Camp, J. B, Campbell, W. A, Cannon, K. C, Cao, H, Cao, J, Capocasa, E, Carbognani, F, Caride, S, Carney, M. F, Carullo, G, Diaz, Casanueva and Casentini, J., Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cerretani, G, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, O, Chakravarti, K, Chamberlin, S. J, Chan, M, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, E. A, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Cheeseboro, B. D, Chen, H. Y, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cheng, H-P and Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H. S, Cho, M, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chua, S, Chung, K. W, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Ciobanu, A. A, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, J. A, Clearwater, P, Cleva, F, Cocchieri, C, Coccia, E, Cohadon, P-F and Cohen, Colgan, R, Colleoni, M, Collette, C. G, Collins, C, Cominsky, L. R, Constancio Jr, M, Conti, L, Cooper, S. J, Corban, P, Corbitt, T. R, Cordero-Carrion, I and Corley, K. R., Cornish, N, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, C. A, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, M. W, Coughlin, S. B, Coulon, J-P and Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P, Covas, P. B, Cowan, E. E, Coward, D. M, Cowart, M. J, Coyne, D. C, Coyne, R, Creighton, J. D. E, Creighton, T. D, Cripe, J, Croquette, M, Crowder, S. G, Cullen, T. J, Cumming, A, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Dal Canton, T, Dalya, G, Danilishin, S. L, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Dasgupta, A, Costa, Da Silva and Datrier, C. F., L. E. H., Dattilo, V and Dave, I and Davier, Davis, D, Daw, E. J, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, L. M, Demos, N, Dent, T, Denys, M, De Pietri, R, Derby, J, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, de Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, M. C, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Renzo, F, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donovan, F, Dooley, K. L, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I and Downes, T. P., Drago, M, Driggers, J. C, Du, Z, Ducoin, J-G and Dupej, Dwyer, S. E, Easter, P. J, Edo, T. B, Edwards, M. C, Effler, A, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S. S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, R. A, Essick, R. C, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Z. B, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, T. M, Fafone, V and Fair, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, W. M, Fauchon-Jones, E. J, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, M. M, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I and Ferreira, E. C., Ferreira, T. A, Ferrini, F, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I and Fiorucci, Fishbach, M, Fisher, R. P, Fishner, J. M, Fitz-Axen, M, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, J. A, Forsyth, P. W. F, Fournier, J-D and Frasca, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V and Fritschel, Frolov, V. V, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, H. A, Gadre, B. U, Gaebel, S. M, Gair, J. R, Gammaitoni, L, Ganija, M. R, Gaonkar, S. G, Garcia, A, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V and Gemme, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Germain, V and Ghonge, Ghosh, Abhirup and Ghosh, Archisman and Ghosh, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, J. A, Giardina, K. D, Giazotto, A, Gill, K, Giordano, G, Glover, L, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Castro, Gonzalez and Gopakumar, J. M., Gorodetsky, M. L, Gossan, S. E, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grado, A, Graef, C, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, A. C, Green, R, Gretarsson, E. M, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, G. M, Gulati, H. K, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, M. K, Gustafson, E. K, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, B. R, Hall, E. D, Hamilton, E. Z, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, M. M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannuksela, O. A, Hanson, J, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G. M, Harry, I. W, Haster, C-J and Haughian, Hayes, F. J, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, M. C, Heitmann, H, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I. S, Hennig, J, Heptonstall, A. W, Hernandez, F. J, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hoak, D, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, A. M, Holland, N. A, Holt, K, Holz, D. E, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, E. J, Hoy, C. G, Hreibi, A, Huerta, E. A, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hulko, M, Husa, S, Huttner, S. H, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, H. N, Isac, J-M and Isi, Iyer, B. R, Izumi, K, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, S. J, Jani, K, Janthalur, N. N, Jaranowski, P, Jenkins, A. C, Jiang, J, Johnson, D. S, Jones, A. W, Jones, I, Jones, R, Jonker, R. J. G, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, Kalogera, V and Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J. B, Kapadia, S. J, Karki, S, Karvinen, K. S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Keerthana, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J. S, Khalili, F. Y, Khan, H, Khan, I and Khan, Khan, Z, Khazanov, E. A, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, Chunglee and Kim, J. C., Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, W. S, Y-M and Kimball, King, E. J, King, P. J, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J. S, Kleybolte, L, Klika, J. H, Klimenko, S, Knowles, T. D, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, S. M, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V and Kontos, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, W. Z, Kowalska, I and Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V and Krishnendu, Krolak, A, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Kwang, S, Lackey, B. D, Lai, K. H, Lam, T. L, Landry, M, Lane, B. B, Lang, R. N, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, R. K, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P. D, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Y. K, Lee, C. H, Lee, H. K, Lee, H. M, Lee, H. W, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Lenon, A, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, J, K. J. L, Li, T. G. F, Li, Li, X, Lin, F, Linde, F, Linker, S. D, Littenberg, T. B, Liu, J, Liu, X, R. K. L, Lo, Lockerbie, N. A, London, L. T, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V and Lormand, Losurdo, G, Lough, J. D, Lousto, C. O, Lovelace, G, Lower, M. E, Lueck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A. P, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D. M, Macquet, A, Magana-Sandoval, F, Zertuche, Magana and Magee, L., R. M., Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I and Malik, Man, N, Mandic, V and Mangano, V and Mansell, G. L., Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A. S, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I. W, Martin, R. M, Martynov, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, T. J, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mazumder, N, Mccann, J. J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D. E, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, S. C, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, D. J, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S. T, Meacher, D, Meadors, G. D, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A. K, Meidam, J, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, R. A, Mereni, L, Merilh, E. L, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, P. M, Miao, H, Michel, C, Middleton, H, Mikhailov, E. E, Milano, L, Miller, A. L, Miller, A, Millhouse, M, Mills, J. C, Milovich-Goff, M. C, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V. P, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Mo, G, Moffa, D, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, S. R. P, Montani, M, Moore, C. J, Moraru, D, Moreno, G, Morisaki, S, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, C. M, Mukherjee, Arunava and Mukherjee, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, E. A, Muratore, M, Murray, P. G, Nardecchia, I and Naticchioni, Nayak, R. K, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, T. J. N, Nery, M, Neunzert, A, K. Y, Ng, Ng, S, Nguyen, P, Nichols, D, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, North, C, Nuttall, L. K, Obergaulinger, M, Oberling, J, O'Brien, B. D, O'Dea, G. D, Ogin, G. H, J. J, Oh, S. H, Oh, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, M. A, Oliver, M, Oppermann, P, Oram, Richard J, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, R. G, Ortega, L. F, O'Shaughnessy, R, Ossokine, S, Ottaway, D. J, Overmier, H, Owen, B. J, Pace, A. E, Pagano, G, Page, M. A, Pai, A, Pai, S. A, Palamos, J. R, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pal-Singh, A, Pan, Huang-Wei and Pang, Pang, P. T. H, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B. C, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Parida, A, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patil, M, Patricelli, B, Pearlstone, B. L, Pedersen, C, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perez, C. J, Perreca, A, Pfeiffer, H. P, Phelps, M, Phukon, K. S, Piccinni, O. J, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Poggiani, R, Pong, D. Y. T, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, E. K, Powell, J, Prajapati, A. K, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Privitera, S, Prodi, G. A, Prokhorov, L. G, Puncken, O, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Puerrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V and Quinonez, P. J., Quintero, E. A, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, F. J, Radkins, H, Radulescu, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K. E, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, Javed and Rao, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V and Razzano, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D. H, Ren, W, Ricci, F, Richardson, C. J, Richardson, J. W, Ricker, P. M, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, N. A, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, J. G, Roma, V. J, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, C. L, Romie, J. H, Rose, K, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, S. G, Ross, M. P, Rowan, S, Ruediger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, M, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sammut, L, Sanchez, E. J, Sanchez, L. 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A, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stevenson, S. P, Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, D. J, Strain, K. A, Stratta, G, Strigin, S. E, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A. L, Sudhir, V and Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L, Sunil, S, Suresh, J, Sutton, P. J, Swinkels, B. L, Szczepanczyk, M. J, Tacca, M, Tait, S. C, Talbot, C, Talukder, D, Tanner, D. B, Tapai, M, Taracchini, A, Tasson, J. D, Taylor, R, Thies, F, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, S. R, Thorne, K. A, Thrane, E, Tiwari, Shubhanshu and Tiwari, Srishti and Tiwari, V and Toland, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Toyra, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, M. C, Trozzo, L, Trudeau, R, Tsang, K. W, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tuyenbayev, D, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C. S, Urban, A. L, Usman, S. A, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, J. F. J, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D. C, van der Schaaf, L, Van, Heijningen, van Veggel, A. A, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P. J, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, A. D, Vine, D. J, Vinet, J-Y and Vitale, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S. P, Wade, A. R, Wade, L. E, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, G, Wang, H, Wang, J. Z, Wang, W. H, Wang, Y. F, Ward, R. L, Warden, Z. A, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, L-W and Weinert, Weinstein, A. J, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, E. K, Wessels, P, Westhouse, J. W, Wette, K, Whelan, J. T, Whiting, B. F, Whittle, C, Wilken, D. M, Williams, D, Williamson, A. R, Willis, J. L, Willke, B, Wimmer, M. H, Winkler, W, Wipf, C. C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J. K, Worden, J, Wright, J. L, D. S, Wu, Wysocki, D. M, Xiao, L, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, C. C, Yang, L, Yap, M. J, Yazback, M, Yeeles, D. W, Hang and Yu, Haocun and Yuen, S. H. R., Yvert, M, Zadrozny, A. 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J., Lauber, F., Leonard, K., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Micallef, J., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Moulai, M., Nagai, R., Nahnhauer, R., Nakarmi, P., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Pepper, J. A., De Los Heros, C. Pérez, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., Van Eijk, D., Van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., Van Santen, J., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandler, F. D., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Waza, A., Weaver, C., Weiss, M. 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Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, De Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Díaz, M, Dietrich, T, Fiore, L, Giovanni, M, Girolamo, T, Lieto, A, Ding, B, Pace, S, Renzo, F, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donovan, F, Dooley, K, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Downes, T, Drago, M, Driggers, J, Du, Z, Ducoin, J, Dupej, P, Dwyer, S, Easter, P, Edo, T, Edwards, M, Effler, A, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, R, Essick, R, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Z, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, T, Fafone, V, Fair, H, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, W, Fauchon-Jones, E, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, M, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, E, Ferreira, T, Ferrini, F, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, R, Fishner, J, Fitz-Axen, M, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, J, Forsyth, P, Fournier, J, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, V, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gaebel, S, Gair, J, Gammaitoni, L, Ganija, M, Gaonkar, S, Garcia, A, García-Quirós, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Germain, V, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Giazotto, A, Gill, K, Giordano, G, Glover, L, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, González, G, Castro, J, Gopakumar, A, Gorodetsky, M, Gossan, S, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grado, A, Graef, C, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, A, Green, R, Gretarsson, E, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, G, Gulati, H, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, M, Gustafson, E, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, B, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannuksela, O, Hanson, J, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G, Harry, I, Haster, C, Haughian, K, Hayes, F, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, M, Heitmann, H, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heptonstall, A, Hernandez, F, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hoak, D, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, A, Holland, N, Holt, K, Holz, D, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Hreibi, A, Huerta, E, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hulko, M, Husa, S, Huttner, S, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, H, Isac, J, Isi, M, Iyer, B, Izumi, K, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, S, Jani, K, Janthalur, N, Jaranowski, P, Jenkins, A, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, R, Jonker, R, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, C, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Karki, S, Karvinen, K, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Keerthana, N, Kéfélian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khalili, F, Khan, H, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khan, Z, Khazanov, E, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Y, Kimball, C, King, E, King, P, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kleybolte, L, Klika, J, Klimenko, S, Knowles, T, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, S, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, W, Kowalska, I, Kozak, D, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Królak, A, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Kwang, S, Lackey, B, Lai, K, Lam, T, Landry, M, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, R, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, C, Lee, H, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Lenon, A, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, J, Li, K, Li, T, Li, X, Lin, F, Linde, F, Linker, S, Littenberg, T, Liu, J, Liu, X, Lo, R, Lockerbie, N, London, L, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lovelace, G, Lower, M, Lück, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D, Macquet, A, Magaña-Sandoval, F, Zertuche, L, Magee, R, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Márka, S, Márka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martynov, D, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, T, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mazumder, N, Mccann, J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, S, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, D, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S, Meacher, D, Meadors, G, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A, Meidam, J, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, R, Mereni, L, Merilh, E, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, P, Miao, H, Michel, C, Middleton, H, Mikhailov, E, Milano, L, Miller, A, Millhouse, M, Mills, J, Milovich-Goff, M, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Mo, G, Moffa, D, Mogushi, 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Perreca, A, Pfeiffer, H, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Poggiani, R, Pong, D, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, E, Powell, J, Prajapati, A, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Privitera, S, Prodi, G, Prokhorov, L, Puncken, O, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Pürrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P, Quintero, E, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, F, Radkins, H, Radulescu, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D, Ren, W, Ricci, F, Richardson, C, Richardson, J, Ricker, P, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, N, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Roma, V, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, C, Romie, J, Rose, K, Rosińska, D, Rosofsky, S, Ross, M, Rowan, S, Rüdiger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, 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Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, D, Strain, K, Stratta, G, Strigin, S, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A, Sudhir, V, Summerscales, T, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Suresh, J, Sutton, P, Swinkels, B, Szczepańczyk, M, Tacca, M, Tait, S, Talbot, C, Talukder, D, Tanner, D, Tápai, M, Taracchini, A, Tasson, J, Taylor, R, Thies, F, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forné, A, Torrie, C, Töyrä, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, M, Trozzo, L, Trudeau, R, Tsang, K, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tuyenbayev, D, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, A, Usman, S, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Van Bakel, N, Van Beuzekom, M, Van Den Brand, J, Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, Schaaf, L, Van Heijningen, J, Van Veggel, A, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasúth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Viceré, A, Viets, A, Vine, D, Vinet, J, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, A, Wade, L, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, G, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, W, Wang, Y, Ward, R, Warden, Z, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, L, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, E, Weßels, P, Westhouse, J, Wette, K, Whelan, J, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Wimmer, M, Winkler, W, Wipf, C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Worden, J, Wright, J, Wu, D, Wysocki, D, Xiao, L, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, C, Yang, L, Yap, M, Yazback, M, Yeeles, D, Yu, H, Yuen, S, Yvert, M, Zadrozny, A, Zadrożny, A, Zanolin, M, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhou, M, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, Andre, M., Barrios-Marti, J., Branzas, H., El Moursli, R. C., Diaz, A. F., Dona, R., Elsasser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Gregoire, T., Ruiz, R. G., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hossl, J., Hofestadt, J., Lefevre, D., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Nunez, A., Pavalas, G. E., Sanchez-Losa, A., Saldana, M., Schussler, F., Stolarczyk, T., Zniga, J., Arguelles, C., Tjus, J. B., Borner, M., Boser, S., De Andre, J. P. A. M., Diaz-Velez, J. C., Lorenzo, V. D., Glusenkamp, T., Hunnefeld, M., Kopke, L., Kruckl, G., Mariscal, C. J. L., Lunemann, J., Maris, I. C., Momente, G., Pollmann, A. O., De Los Heros, C. P., Herrera, S. E. S., Schoneberg, S., Stossl, A., Tonnis, C., Elorrieta, M. A. U., Arene, M., Becsy, B., Bustillo, J. C., Diaz, J. C., Cavaglia, M., Cerda-Duran, P., Cordero-Carrion, I., Canton, T. D., Dalya, G., Costa, C. F. D. S., Deleglise, S., Pozzo, W. D., Diaz, M. C., Girolamo, T. Di., Garcia-Quiros, C., Ghosh, A., Gonzalez, G., Castro, J. M. G., Kefelian, F., Kim, C., Krolak, A., Luck, H., Magana-Sandoval, F., Zertuche, L. 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(INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, Andre, M, Aubert, Jj, Barrios-Marti, J, Bouwhuis, Mc, Branzas, H, El Moursli, Rc, Coelho, Jab, Diaz, Af, Dona, R, Elsasser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Gregoire, T, Ruiz, Rg, van Haren, H, Heijboer, Aj, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hossl, J, Hofestadt, J, de Jong, M, Khan-Chowdhury, Nr, Lefevre, D, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Nunez, A, Pavalas, Ge, Sanchez-Losa, A, Saldana, M, Samtleben, Dfe, Schussler, F, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, Aartsen, Mg, Aguilar, Ja, Arguelles, C, Barron, Jp, Barwick, Sw, Beatty, Jj, Tjus, Jb, Becker, Kh, Besson, Dz, Borner, M, Boser, S, Bretz, Hp, Collin, Gh, Conrad, Jm, Cowen, Df, de Andre, Jpam, Delaunay, Jj, de Vries, Kd, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, Diaz-Velez, Jc, di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, Jp, Evenson, Pa, Fazely, Ar, Gaisser, Tk, Glusenkamp, T, Gonzalez, Jg, Hill, Gc, Hoffman, Kd, Hunnefeld, M, Jones, Bjp, Kelley, Jl, Klein, Sr, Kopke, L, Koschinsky, Jp, Koskinen, Dj, Kruckl, G, Lanfranchi, Jl, Larson, Mj, Liu, Qr, Mariscal, Cjl, Lunemann, J, Mahn, Kbm, Maris, Ic, Momente, G, Moore, Rw, Nowicki, Sc, Nygren, Dr, Pollmann, Ao, Pankova, Dv, Pepper, Ja, de los Heros, Cp, Price, Pb, Przybylski, Gt, Rea, Ic, Herrera, Se, Schoneberg, S, Spiczak, Gm, Stokstad, Rg, Stossl, A, Strotjohann, Nl, Sullivan, Gw, Toale, Pa, Tobin, Mn, Tonnis, C, Tung, Cf, Turley, Cf, Elorrieta, Mau, van Eijk, D, van Eijndhoven, N, van Santen, J, Wandler, Fd, Watson, Tb, Weiss, Mj, Whelan, Bj, Wiebusch, Ch, Williams, Dr, Wood, Tr, Xu, Dl, Xu, Xw, Yanez, Jp, Abbott, Bp, Abbott, Td, Adya, Vb, Aguiar, Od, Aloy, Ma, Altin, Pa, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Angelova, Sv, Araya, Mc, Arene, M, Arun, Kg, Aston, Sm, Bader, Mkm, Baker, Pt, Ballmer, Sw, Barayoga, Jc, Barclay, Se, Barish, Bc, Bayley, Jc, Becsy, B, Berger, Bk, Bero, Jj, Berry, Cpl, Bilenko, Ia, Bilgili, Sa, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Boom, Ba, Booth, Cd, Brady, Pr, Brau, Je, Briggs, Jh, Brooks, Af, Brown, Dd, Bulten, Hj, Byer, Rl, Bustillo, Jc, Callister, Ta, Camp, Jb, Campbell, Wa, Cannon, Kc, Carney, Mf, Diaz, Jc, Cavaglia, M, Cerda-Duran, P, Chamberlin, Sj, Chase, Ea, Cheeseboro, Bd, Chen, Hy, Cheng, Hp, Cheong, Ck, Chia, Hy, Chung, Kw, Ciobanu, Aa, Clark, Ja, Cohadon, Pf, Collette, Cg, Cominsky, Lr, Cooper, Sj, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corley, Kr, Costa, Ca, Coughlin, Mw, Coughlin, Sb, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Covas, Pb, Cowan, Ee, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Crowder, Sg, Cullen, Tj, Dal Canton, T, Dalya, G, Danilishin, Sl, Costa, Cfd, Datrier, Leh, Daw, Ej, Deleglise, S, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, Lm, de Varona, O, Diaz, Mc, Di Fiore, L, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Di Pace, S, Di Renzo, F, Dooley, Kl, Downes, Tp, Driggers, Jc, Ducoin, Jg, Dwyer, Se, Easter, Pj, Edo, Tb, Edwards, Mc, Eisenstein, Ra, Essick, Rc, Etienne, Zb, Evans, Tm, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Fejer, Mm, Ferreira, Ec, Ferreira, Ta, Fisher, Rp, Fishner, Jm, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Fournier, Jd, Frolov, Vv, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gaebel, Sm, Gair, Jr, Ganija, Mr, Gaonkar, Sg, Garcia-Quiros, C, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gonzalez, G, Castro, Jmg, Gorodetsky, Ml, Gossan, Se, Green, Ac, Gretarsson, Em, Guidi, Gm, Gulati, Hk, Gupta, Mk, Gustafson, Ek, Hall, Br, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hanke, Mm, Hannuksela, Oa, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Haster, Cj, Hayes, Fj, Heintze, Mc, Heptonstall, Aw, Hernandez, Fj, Holgado, Am, Holland, Na, Holz, De, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Huerta, Ea, Huttner, Sh, Isa, Hn, Isac, Jm, Iyer, Br, Jadhav, Sj, Janthalur, Nn, Jenkins, Ac, Jones, Aw, Jones, Di, Jonker, Rjg, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kanner, Jb, Kapadia, Sj, Keerthana, Nv, Kefelian, F, Khalili, Fy, Khazanov, Ea, Kim, Jc, Kim, Ym, King, Ej, King, Pj, Klika, Jh, Knowles, Td, Koehlenbeck, Sm, Korth, Wz, Kozak, Db, Krolak, A, Lackey, Bd, Lai, Kh, Lam, Tl, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lanza, Rk, Lasky, Pd, Lecoeuche, Yk, Lee, Ch, Lee, Hk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Li, Kjl, Li, Tgf, Linker, Sd, Littenberg, Tb, Lo, Rkl, Lockerbie, Na, London, Lt, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lower, Me, Luck, H, Lundgren, Ap, Macleod, Dm, Magana-Sandoval, F, Zertuche, Lm, Magee, Rm, Mansell, Gl, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martynov, Dv, Massinger, Tj, Mccann, Jj, Mcclelland, De, Mcguire, Sc, Mcmanus, Dj, Mcwilliams, St, Meadors, Gd, Mehta, Ak, Mercer, Ra, Merilh, El, Meyers, Pm, Mikhailov, Ee, Miller, Al, Mills, Jc, Milovich-Goff, Mc, Mitrofanov, Vp, Mohapatra, Srp, Moore, Cj, Mow-Lowry, Cm, Muniz, Ea, Murray, Pg, Nayak, Rk, Nelson, Tjn, Ng, Ky, Nuttall, Lk, O'Brien, Bd, O'Dea, Gd, Ogin, Gh, Oh, Jj, Oh, Sh, Okada, Ma, Oram, Rj, Ormiston, Rg, Ortega, Lf, Ottaway, Dj, Owen, Bj, Pace, Ae, Page, Ma, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Pan, Hw, Pang, Pth, Pant, Bc, Pearlstone, Bl, Perez, Cj, Pfeiffer, Hp, Piccinni, Oj, Pong, Dyt, Porter, Ek, Prajapati, Ak, Prodi, Ga, Prokhorov, Lg, Purrer, M, Quinonez, Pj, Quintero, Ea, Raab, Fj, Ramirez, Ke, Reitze, Dh, Richardson, Cj, Richardson, Jw, Ricker, Pm, Robertson, Na, Rollins, Jg, Roma, Vj, Romel, Cl, Romie, Jh, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, Sg, Ross, Mp, Rudiger, A, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Le, Sanders, Jr, Santiago, Ka, Saulson, Pr, Savage, Rl, Schofield, Rm, Schonbeck, A, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Schwalbe, Sg, Scott, Sm, Shaddock, Da, Shaner, Mb, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Silva, Ad, Singer, Lp, Sintes, Am, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Son, Ej, Spencer, Ap, Srivastava, Ak, Steer, Da, Stevenson, Sp, Stops, Dj, Strain, Ka, Strigin, Se, Stuver, Al, Summerscales, Tz, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, Bl, Szczepanczyk, Mj, Tait, Sc, Tanner, Db, Tapai, M, Tasson, Jd, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Ci, Toyra, D, Tringali, Mc, Tsang, Kw, Urban, Al, Usman, Sa, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, Jfj, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van der Schaaf, L, van Heijningen, Jv, van Veggel, Aa, Vasuth, M, Veitch, Pj, Vicere, A, Viets, Ad, Vine, Dj, Vinet, Jy, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Ar, Wade, Le, Wang, Jz, Wang, Wh, Wang, Yf, Ward, Rl, Warden, Za, Wei, Lw, Weinstein, Aj, Wessel, Ek, Wessels, P, Westhouse, Jw, Whelan, Jt, Whiting, Bf, Wilken, Dm, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Wimmer, Mh, Wipf, Cc, Wofford, Jk, Wright, Jl, Wysocki, Dm, Yancey, Cc, Yap, Mj, Yeeles, Dw, Yu, Hc, Yuen, Shr, Zadrozny, Ak, Zendri, Jp, Zhu, Xj, Zucker, Me, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, Elementary Particle Physics, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Astrofísica, collapse [supernova], neutron star: binary, EVENTS GW150914, Gravitació, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, neutrino: energy: high, Astronomy, RAY, Binary number, binary [neutron star], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, IceCube, neutrino, Particle and Plasma Physics, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, black hole, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, LIGO, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, gravitational wave, ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS, QC, QB, Settore FIS/01, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrinos, gravitational waves, 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, ddc, observatory, Supernova, astrophysics: density, Physical Sciences, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomical and Space Sciences, signature, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), supernova: collapse, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Gravitational waves, emission [gravitational radiation], Ones gravitacionals, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Gravitational Waves, Neutrinos, LIGO, Virgo, Antares, IceCube, Nuclear, ddc:530, Neutrins, energy: high [neutrino], Neutrinos, STFC, Astrophysique, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, ANTARES, Gravitational wave, Virgo, Organic Chemistry, RCUK, Molecular, Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysic, 530 Physik, Sciences de l'espace, Black hole, messenger, Neutron star, Antares, Physics and Astronomy, FISICA APLICADA, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], gravitational radiation: emission, density [astrophysics], ddc:520, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], EMISSION
Abstract: [EN] Astrophysical sources of gravitational waves, such as binary neutron star and black hole mergers or core-collapse supernovae, can drive relativistic outflows, giving rise to non-thermal high-energy emission. High-energy neutrinos are signatures of such outflows. The detection of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from common sources could help establish the connection between the dynamics of the progenitor and the properties of the out¿ow. We searched for associated emission of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical transients with minimal assumptions using data from Advanced LIGO from its first observing run O1, and data from the ANTARES and IceCube neutrino observatories from the same time period. We focused on candidate events whose astrophysical origins could not be determined from a single messenger. We found no significant coincident candidate, which we used to constrain the rate density of astrophysical sources dependent on their gravitational-wave and neutrino emission processes., The ANTARES Collaboration acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities. The IceCube Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the following support: USA-U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium-Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden-Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia-Australian Research Council; Canada-Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark-Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF); New Zealand-Marsden Fund; Japan-Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council, etc.
Published: 2019

10. Joint Constraints on Galactic Diffuse Neutrino Emission from the ANTARES and IceCube Neutrino Telescopes

Author: Albert, A., André, M., Belhorma, B., Piattelli, P., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Randazzo, N., Riccobene, G., Sánchez-Losa, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Bertin, V., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Biagi, S., Elewyck, V. Van, Versari, F., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, Markus, Adams, J., Bormuth, R., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Samarai, I. Al, Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Boumaaza, J., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., Barbano, A., Barron, J. P., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Bourret, S., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K.-H., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Bouwhuis, M. C., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Böser, S., Botner, O., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Brânzaş, H., Brenzke, M., Bretz, H.-P., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Bruijn, R., Clark, K., Classen, L., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., Day, M., Brunner, J., de André, J. P. A. M., Clercq, C. De, DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, Anghinolfi, M., Busto, J., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Capone, A., Eller, P., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Caramete, L., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Carr, J., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Celli, S., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Chabab, M., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, Emanuel, Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui, Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Kalaczynski, P., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Chiarusi, T., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Circella, M., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koschinsky, J. P., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, Marek, Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Kunwar, Samridha, Coelho, J. A. B., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Leonard, K., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Ardid, M., Coleiro, A., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Maruyama, R., Colomer, M., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Micallef, J., Coniglione, R., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Moulai, M., Nagai, R., Nahnhauer, R., Nakarmi, P., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Costantini, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., O’Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Coyle, P., Pepper, J. A., de los Heros, C. Pérez, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. 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F., Turcati, A., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Driessche, W. Van, Dornic, D., Eijk, D. van, Eijndhoven, N. van, Vanheule, S., Santen, J. van, Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandler, F. D., Wandkowsky, N., Drouhin, D., Watson, T. B., Waza, A., Weaver, C., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Eberl, T., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Bojaddaini, I. El, Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Gaggero, D., Grasso, D., ANTARES Collaboration, Khayati, N. El, IceCube Collaboration, Elsässer, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ettahiri, A., Aublin, J., Fassi, F., Felis, I., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Grégoire, T., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Avgitas, T., Hallmann, S., Haren, H. van, Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jong, M. de, Baret, B., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lachaud, C., Barrios-Martí, J., Lahmann, R., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Basa, S., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nuñez, A., Organokov, M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Vriendenkring VUB, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies (GRPHE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), ANTARES, IceCube, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-IUT de Colmar, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Albert, A., Andre, M., Anghinolfi, M., Ardid, M., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Avgitas, T., Baret, B., Barrios-Marti, J., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bormuth, R., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouwhuis, M. C., Branzas, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Chabab, M., El Moursli, R. C., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colomer, M., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Diaz, A. F., Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Palma, I. D., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Bojaddaini, I. E., Khayati, N. E., Elsasser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fassi, F., Felis, I., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gregoire, T., Ruiz, R. G., Graf, K., Hallmann, S., Haren, H. V., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hossl, J., Hofestadt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jong, M. D., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lachaud, C., Lahmann, R., Lefevre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nunez, A., Organokov, M., Pavalas, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Piattelli, P., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Randazzo, N., Riccobene, G., Sanchez-Losa, A., Saldana, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schussler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, T., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Elewyck, V. V., Versari, F., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zniga, J., Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Samarai, I. A., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Arguelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., Barbano, A., Barron, J. P., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. B., Becker, K. -H., Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Borner, M., Bos, F., Boser, S., Botner, O., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Brenzke, M., Bretz, H. -P., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., Day, M., De Andre, J. P. A. M., Clercq, C. D., Delaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Ridder, S. D., Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. D., Wasseige, G. D., With, M. D., Deyoung, T., Diaz-Velez, J. C., Di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Glauch, T., Glusenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., Hunnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Kalaczynski, P., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kopke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koschinsky, J. P., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Kruckl, G., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Leonard, K., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. L., Lu, L., Lunemann, J., Luszczak, W., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Micallef, J., Momente, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Moulai, M., Nagai, R., Nahnhauer, R., Nakarmi, P., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. O., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Pepper, J. A., De Los Heros, C. P., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. S., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schoneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stossl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Tonnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. U., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Driessche, W. V., Eijk, D. V., Eijndhoven, N. V., Vanheule, S., Santen, J. V., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandler, F. D., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Waza, A., Weaver, C., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Gaggero, D., Grasso, D., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, KM3NeT (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Albert, A, Andre, M, Anghinolfi, M, Ardid, M, Aubert, Jj, Aublin, J, Avgitas, T, Baret, B, Barrios-Marti, J, Basa, S, Belhorma, B, Bertin, V, Biagi, S, Bormuth, R, Boumaaza, J, Bourret, S, Bouwhuis, Mc, Branzas, H, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Busto, J, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Carr, J, Celli, S, Chabab, M, El Moursli, Rc, Chiarusi, T, Circella, M, Coelho, Jab, Coleiro, A, Colomer, M, Coniglione, R, Costantini, H, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Diaz, Af, Deschamps, A, Distefano, C, Di Palma, I, Domi, A, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Drouhin, D, Eberl, T, El Bojaddaini, I, El Khayati, N, Elsasser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Ettahiri, A, Fassi, F, Felis, I, Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Fusco, L, Gay, P, Glotin, H, Gregoire, T, Ruiz, Rg, Graf, K, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Heijboer, Aj, Hello, Y, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hossl, J, Hofestadt, J, Illuminati, G, James, Cw, de Jong, M, Jongen, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Katz, U, Khan-Chowdhury, Nr, Kouchner, A, Kreter, M, Kreykenbohm, I, Kulikovskiy, V, Lachaud, C, Lahmann, R, Lefevre, D, Leonora, E, Levi, G, Lotze, M, Loucatos, S, Marcelin, M, Margiotta, A, Marinelli, A, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Mele, R, Melis, K, Migliozzi, P, Moussa, A, Navas, S, Nezri, E, Nunez, A, Organokov, M, Pavalas, Ge, Pellegrino, C, Piattelli, P, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Quinn, L, Racca, C, Randazzo, N, Riccobene, G, Sanchez-Losa, A, Saldana, M, Salvadori, I, Samtleben, Dfe, Sanguineti, M, Sapienza, P, Schussler, F, Spurio, M, Stolarczyk, T, Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Trovato, A, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Versari, F, Vivolo, D, Wilms, J, Zaborov, D, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, Aartsen, Mg, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, Ja, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Al Samarai, I, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Backes, P, Bagherpour, H, Bai, X, Barbano, A, Barron, Jp, Barwick, Sw, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, Jj, Tjus, Jb, Becker, Kh, Benzvi, S, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Besson, Dz, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Bohm, C, Borner, M, Bos, F, Boser, S, Botner, O, Bourbeau, E, Bourbeau, J, Bradascio, F, Braun, J, Brenzke, M, Bretz, Hp, Bron, S, Brostean-Kaiser, J, Burgman, A, Busse, R, Carver, T, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Collin, Gh, Conrad, Jm, Coppin, P, Correa, P, Cowen, Df, Cross, R, Dave, P, Day, M, de Andre, Jpam, De Clercq, C, Delaunay, Jj, Dembinski, H, Deoskar, K, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, Kd, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, Deyoung, T, Diaz-Velez, Jc, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, Jp, Dunkman, M, Dvorak, E, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eller, P, Evenson, Pa, Fahey, S, Fazely, Ar, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Franckowiak, A, Friedman, E, Fritz, A, Gaisser, Tk, Gallagher, J, Ganster, E, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Giang, W, Glauch, T, Glusenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Gonzalez, Jg, Grant, D, Griffith, Z, Haack, C, Hallgren, A, Halve, L, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Hebecker, D, Heereman, D, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Hickford, S, Hignight, J, Hill, Gc, Hoffman, Kd, Hoffmann, R, Hoinka, T, Hokanson-Fasig, B, Hoshina, K, Huang, F, Huber, M, Hultqvist, K, Hunnefeld, M, Hussain, R, In, S, Iovine, N, Ishihara, A, Jacobi, E, Japaridze, G, Jeong, M, Jero, K, Jones, Bjp, Kalaczynski, P, Kang, W, Kappes, A, Kappesser, D, Karg, T, Karle, A, Kauer, M, Keivani, A, Kelley, Jl, Kheirandish, A, Kim, J, Kintscher, T, Kiryluk, J, Kittler, T, Klein, Sr, Koirala, R, Kolanoski, H, Kopke, L, Kopper, C, Kopper, S, Koschinsky, Jp, Koskinen, Dj, Kowalski, M, Krings, K, Kroll, M, Kruckl, G, Kunwar, S, Kurahashi, N, Kyriacou, A, Labare, M, Lanfranchi, Jl, Larson, Mj, Lauber, F, Leonard, K, Leuermann, M, Liu, Qr, Lohfink, E, Mariscal, Cjl, Lu, L, Lunemann, J, Luszczak, W, Madsen, J, Maggi, G, Mahn, Kbm, Makino, Y, Mancina, S, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Maunu, R, Meagher, K, Medici, M, Meier, M, Menne, T, Merino, G, Meures, T, Miarecki, S, Micallef, J, Momente, G, Montaruli, T, Moore, Rw, Moulai, M, Nagai, R, Nahnhauer, R, Nakarmi, P, Naumann, U, Neer, G, Niederhausen, H, Nowicki, Sc, Nygren, Dr, Pollmann, Ao, Olivas, A, O'Murchadha, A, O'Sullivan, E, Palczewski, T, Pandya, H, Pankova, Dv, Peiffer, P, Pepper, Ja, de los Heros, Cp, Pieloth, D, Pinat, E, Pizzuto, A, Plum, M, Price, Pb, Przybylski, Gt, Raab, C, Rameez, M, Rauch, L, Rawlins, K, Rea, Ic, Reimann, R, Relethford, B, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Richman, M, Robertson, S, Rongen, M, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Ryckbosch, D, Rysewyk, D, Safa, I, Herrera, Se, Sandrock, A, Sandroos, J, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Satalecka, K, Schaufel, M, Schlunder, P, Schmidt, T, Schneider, A, Schoneberg, S, Schumacher, L, Sclafani, S, Seckel, D, Seunarine, S, Soedingrekso, J, Soldin, D, Song, M, Spiczak, Gm, Spiering, C, Stachurska, J, Stamatikos, M, Stanev, T, Stasik, A, Stein, R, Stettner, J, Steuer, A, Stezelberger, T, Stokstad, Rg, Stossl, A, Strotjohann, Nl, Stuttard, T, Sullivan, Gw, Sutherland, M, Taboada, I, Tenholt, F, Ter-Antonyan, S, Terliuk, A, Tilav, S, Toale, Pa, Tobin, Mn, Tonnis, C, Toscano, S, Tosi, D, Tselengidou, M, Tung, Cf, Turcati, A, Turley, Cf, Ty, B, Unger, E, Elorrieta, Mau, Usner, M, Vandenbroucke, J, Van Driessche, W, van Eijk, D, van Eijndhoven, N, Vanheule, S, van Santen, J, Vraeghe, M, Walck, C, Wallace, A, Wallraff, M, Wandler, Fd, Wandkowsky, N, Watson, Tb, Waza, A, Weaver, C, Weiss, Mj, Wendt, C, Werthebach, J, Westerhoff, S, Whelan, Bj, Whitehorn, N, Wiebe, K, Wiebusch, Ch, Wille, L, Williams, Dr, Wills, L, Wolf, M, Wood, J, Wood, Tr, Woolsey, E, Woschnagg, K, Wrede, G, Xu, Dl, Xu, Xw, Xu, Y, Yanez, Jp, Yodh, G, Yoshida, S, Yuan, T, Gaggero, D, Grasso, D, André, M., Aubert, J.-J., Barrios-Martí, J., Bouwhuis, M.C., Brânzaş, H., El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui, Coelho, J.A.B., Díaz, A.F., Palma, I. Di, Bojaddaini, I. El, Khayati, N. El, Elsässer, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Grégoire, T., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Haren, H. Van, Heijboer, A.J., Hernández-Rey, J.J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., James, C.W., Jong, M. De, Khan-Chowdhury, N.R., Lefèvre, D., Martínez-Mora, J.A., Nuñez, A., Pǎvǎlaş, G.E., Sánchez-Losa, A., Saldaña, M., Samtleben, D.F.E., Schüssler, F., Stolarczyk, Th., Elewyck, V. Van, Zornoza, J.D., Zñiga, J., Aartsen, M.G., Aguilar, J.A., Samarai, I. Al, Argüelles, C., Barron, J.P., Barwick, S.W., Beatty, J.J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K.-H., Besson, D.Z., Börner, M., Böser, S., Bretz, H.-P., Busse, R.S., Collin, G.H., Conrad, J.M., Cowen, D.F., De André, J.P.A.M., Clercq, C. De, Delaunay, J.J., Ridder, S. De, Vries, K. D. De, Wasseige, G. De, With, M. De, Díaz-Vélez, J.C., Dumm, J.P., Evenson, P.A., Fazely, A.R., Gaisser, T.K., Glüsenkamp, T., Gonzalez, J.G., Hill, G.C., Hoffman, K.D., Hünnefeld, M., Japaridze, G.S., Jones, B.J.P., Kelley, J.L., Klein, S.R., Köpke, L., Koschinsky, J.P., Koskinen, D.J., Krückl, G., Lanfranchi, J.L., Larson, M.J., Liu, Q.R., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lünemann, J., Mahn, K.B.M., Momenté, G., Moore, R.W., Nowicki, S.C., Nygren, D.R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Pankova, D.V., Pepper, J.A., De Los Heros, C. Pérez, Price, P.B., Przybylski, G.T., Rea, I.C., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Schöneberg, S., Spiczak, G.M., Stokstad, R.G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N.L., Sullivan, G.W., Toale, P.A., Tobin, M.N., Tönnis, C., Tung, C.F., Turley, C.F., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Driessche, W. Van, Eijk, D. Van, Eijndhoven, N. Van, Santen, J. Van, Wandler, F.D., Watson, T.B., Weiss, M.J., Whelan, B.J., Wiebusch, C.H., Williams, D.R., Wood, T.R., Xu, D.L., Xu, X.W., Yanez, J.P., and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: Astrofísica, Astrophysics, cosmic radiation: interaction, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, neutrino: flux, IceCube, Diffusion, neutrino, KASCADE, Raigs gamma, cosmic rays, diffusion, Galaxy: disk, gamma rays: diffuse background, neutrinos, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, gamma ray: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, Physics, radio wave, density, photomultiplier, ELEMENTAL GROUPS, cosmic radiation: spectrum, nucleon, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Model parameter, Physique [physics]/Astrophysique [astro-ph], astroparticle physics, cosmic radiation: galaxy, neutrino: flavor, Diffuse background, Neutrino, Nucleon, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, Disk [Galaxy], CREAM, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, energy spectrum, elementary particles, Joint likelihood, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radiation, GLAST, neutrino: production, diffuse background [gamma rays], gas, 0103 physical sciences, ENERGY-SPECTRA, Neutrins, Neutrinos, Cosmic rays, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, cosmic radiation: production, ANTARES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, showers, Astronomy and Astrophysic, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, radiation: Cherenkov, sensitivity, tracks, Neutrino astrophysics, messenger, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Joint constraints, FISICA APLICADA, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], ddc:520, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The existence of diffuse Galactic neutrino production is expected from cosmic-ray interactions with Galactic gas and radiation fields. Thus, neutrinos are a unique messenger offering the opportunity to test the products of Galactic cosmic-ray interactions up to energies of hundreds of TeV. Here we present a search for this production using ten years of Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch (ANTARES) track and shower data, as well as seven years of IceCube track data. The data are combined into a joint likelihood test for neutrino emission according to the KRAg model assuming a 5 PeV per nucleon Galactic cosmic-ray cutoff. No significant excess is found. As a consequence, the limits presented in this Letter start constraining the model parameter space for Galactic cosmic-ray production and transport.
Published: 2018

11. Measurement of the high-energy all-flavor neutrino-nucleon cross section with IceCube

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A. A., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., Balagopal V., A., Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K.-H., Becker Tjus, J., Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Neer, G., Nguyễn, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O’Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijk, D. van, Eijndhoven, N. van, Vannerom, D., Santen, J. van, Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ice, interaction [neutrino nucleon], 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, Subatomic Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, detector [neutrino], astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, hep-ph, Observable, ddc, observatory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Neutrino detector, statistics, decay [tau], Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nucleon, data analysis method, Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, ACCELERATION, Bayesian [statistical analysis], IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Standard Model, cross section [neutrino nucleon], 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, GLASHOW RESONANCE, 010306 general physics, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, flavor [neutrino], flux [neutrino], frequentist [statistical analysis], Physics and Astronomy, energy [neutrino], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Event (particle physics), experimental results
Abstract: The flux of high-energy neutrinos passing through the Earth is attenuated due to their interactions with matter. The interaction rate is modulated by the neutrino interaction cross section and affects the flux arriving at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic-kilometer neutrino detector embedded in the Antarctic ice sheet. We present a measurement of the neutrino cross section between 60 TeV and 10 PeV using the high-energy starting events (HESE) sample from IceCube with 7.5 years of data. The result is binned in neutrino energy and obtained using both Bayesian and frequentist statistics. We find it compatible with predictions from the Standard Model. Flavor information is explicitly included through updated morphology classifiers, proxies for the the three neutrino flavors. This is the first such measurement to use the three morphologies as observables and the first to account for neutrinos from tau decay., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. This article is supported by a long-form paper that discusses in high-energy starting event selection titled: "The IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data"
Published: 2021

12. A Convolutional Neural Network based Cascade Reconstruction for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author: J. Werthebach, A. Franckowiak, Chujie Chen, Ioana Codrina Maris, K. Hoshina, A. Steuer, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, P. Schlunder, Saskia Philippen, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, M. Rameez, Sam De Ridder, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, D. F. Cowen, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Stephen L. Hauser, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, Barbara Skrzypek, Kara Hoffman, Sarah Mancina, N. van Eijndhoven, U. Naumann, Raamis Hussain, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, B. J. P. Jones, Andres Medina, D. Mockler, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, U. Katz, Emily Dvorak, Timo Karg, K. Andeen, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, D. Kang, Giovanni Renzi, K. D. de Vries, M. Stamatikos, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, A.A. Alves, Pablo Correa, D. Seckel, S. Fahey, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Alexander Trettin, P. B. Price, I. Taboada, Gisela Anton, Michael O. Wolf, Lenka Tomankova, Max Renschler, Y. Makino, Matthias Vraeghe, Tyce DeYoung, K. Tollefson, D. J. Koskinen, K. Rawlins, Nathan Whitehorn, C. Weaver, T. Anderson, B. A. Clark, Francesco Lucarelli, Brandom Pries, L. Schumacher, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, P. Peiffer, J. Kim, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, M. Kauer, Alan Coleman, John Hardin, Shefali Shefali, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, M. E. Huber, D. B. Fox, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, T. O. B. Schmidt, E. Bourbeau, Suyong Choi, M. Silva, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, J. P. Lazar, Sebastian Böser, R. Morse, Spencer Griswold, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, David A. Williams, A. Goldschmidt, K. Mase, Abdul Rehman, David Kappesser, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Clara E. Hill, Le Viet Nguyen, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Marcos Santander, Carsten Rott, L. Gerhardt, Y. Popovych, J. Evans, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, J. B. Tjus, Chiara Bellenghi, Alexander A. Harnisch, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Matti Jansson, Immacolata Carmen Rea, P. Eller, Simone Garrappa, H. Schieler, Dmitry Chirkin, Kael Hanson, A. Kyriacou, A. Olivas, Hermann Kolanoski, Simeon Reusch, A. O. Pollmann, Elisa Bernardini, K. Meagher, S. Hickford, J. C. Gallagher, Kirill Filimonov, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Alexander Kappes, Pranav Dave, Jan Soedingrekso, K. Krings, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, James Madsen, Lu Lu, M. J. Weiss, Stef Verpoest, H. Dujmovic, Austin Schneider, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Jenni Adams, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, M. Plum, A. Wallace, Katharina Morik, J. Stettner, Daniel Bindig, Ramesh Koirala, Gerrit Wrede, C.P. de los Heros, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Matt Dunkman, R. Joppe, T. Stezelberger, Colin Turley, S. Kopper, Christian Glaser, Paolo Desiati, S. Sarker, C. Alispach, Damian Pieloth, R. G. Stokstad, Ali Kheirandish, Sreetama Goswami, Minjin Jeong, Martin Ha Minh, T. Glüsenkamp, Janet Conrad, G. Krückl, Jannis Necker, Sebastian Baur, R. Cross, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Surujhdeo Seunarine, Ken'ichi Kin, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Chunfai Tung, Alejandro Diaz, M. J. Larson, M. U. Nisa, Tim Ruhe, E. O'Sullivan, René Reimann, Chad Finley, Federica Bradascio, A. V. Balagopal, Alexander Burgman, M. Meier, Michael Campana, F. Huang, Christoph Tönnis, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, E. Blaufuss, Leander Fischer, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Thomas Stuttard, William Luszczak, G. H. Collin, Sarah Pieper, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. Robertson, R. Snihur, A. Ludwig, Wing Yan Ma, Yang Lyu, Grant Parker, L. Köpke, Karl J. Clark, Juanan Aguilar, I. Safa, Merlin Schaufel, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Olga Botner, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Kendall Mahn, L. Classen, Johan Wulff, K. Wiebe, Timothyblake Watson, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, Stephan Meighen-Berger, S. Yoshida, Kayla Leonard, A. Ishihara, V. Baum, H. Niederhausen, Won Nam Kang, Joshua Hignight, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, X. Bai, Konstancja Satalecka, F. McNally, Emma C. Hettinger, I. Ansseau, Michael Kovacevich, Theo Glauch, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, Reina H. Maruyama, Frank G. Schröder, Summer Blot, Thomas Ehrhardt, D. Tosi, D. van Eijk, Mark Weyrauch, Spencer Axani, Elisa Lohfink, Aaron Fienberg, Amirreza Raissi, S. Tilav, Michael DuVernois, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Stephanie Bron, R. S. Busse, Y. L. Li, J. P. Yanez, Gerald Przybylski, Christian Haack, Christopher Wiebusch, R. Halliday, Kunal Deoskar, K. Helbing, Alexander Sandrock, N. Kurahashi, Todor Stanev, Benedikt Riedel, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, C. Wendt, G. W. Sullivan, A. Karle, James E. Braun, Philipp Furst, D. Hebecker, G. de Wasseige, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, T. Gregoire, J. van Santen, R. Hoffmann, Alex Pizzuto, Gary Binder, J. Bourbeau, Richard Naab, Zhedong Zhang, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, Ava Ghadimi, Franziska Tischbein, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, P. Mallik, Catherine De Clercq, M. Rongen, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Christian Spiering, Justin Vandenbroucke, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Abhishek Desai, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, S. C. Nowicki, Subir Sarkar, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Justin Lanfranchi, David Vannerom, Ben Smithers, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Haungs, Rui An, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, T. Stürwald, Z. Griffith, Felix Henningsen, A. R. Fazely, Simona Toscano, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Erik Ganster, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, Elementary Particle Physics, and collaboration, The IceCube
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, cs.LG, Data analysis, FOS: Physical sciences, Fitting methods, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, Calibration, Cluster finding, Neutrino detectors, Pattern recognition, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Machine Learning (cs.LG), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, Deep learning, Detector, Neutrino detector, Computer engineering, Orders of magnitude (time), 13. Climate action, Cascade, Pattern recognition (psychology), Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract: Continued improvements on existing reconstruction methods are vital to the success of high-energy physics experiments, such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In IceCube, further challenges arise as the detector is situated at the geographic South Pole where computational resources are limited. However, to perform real-time analyses and to issue alerts to telescopes around the world, powerful and fast reconstruction methods are desired. Deep neural networks can be extremely powerful, and their usage is computationally inexpensive once the networks are trained. These characteristics make a deep learning-based approach an excellent candidate for the application in IceCube. A reconstruction method based on convolutional architectures and hexagonally shaped kernels is presented. The presented method is robust towards systematic uncertainties in the simulation and has been tested on experimental data. In comparison to standard reconstruction methods in IceCube, it can improve upon the reconstruction accuracy, while reducing the time necessary to run the reconstruction by two to three orders of magnitude., Comment: 39 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Journal of Instrumentation; added references
Published: 2021

13. Untapped potential of collective intelligence in conservation and environmental decision making

Author: Ans Vercammen, Mark A. Burgman, and Office of the Director of National Intelligence (US Agency)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Knowledge management, Biodiversity & Conservation, Intelligence, 05 Environmental Sciences, UNCERTAINTY, teams, 01 natural sciences, colaboración masiva, 决策科学, Empirical research, ELICITATION, 保护心理学, 团队, decision science, Ecology, swarm intelligence, group cognition, ????, Collective intelligence, Biodiversity, psicologia de la conservacion, 群体智慧, 群体认知, ??, INCENTIVES, equipos, Group cognition, Biodiversity Conservation, crowdsourcing, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, colaboracion masiva, Conservation of Natural Resources, ciencia de las decisiones, Decision Making, Conservation psychology, Team effectiveness, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, psicología de la conservación, Crowdsourcing, 010603 evolutionary biology, inteligencia en enjambre, ?????, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, PREDICTION MARKETS, CITIZEN-SCIENCE, 众包, Learning, conocimiento grupal, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Science & Technology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, OVERCONFIDENCE, Soft skills, PERFORMANCE, 06 Biological Sciences, Group decision-making, conservation psychology, COGNITIVE BIAS, CROWDS, business, EXPERT KNOWLEDGE, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Environmental decisions are often deferred to groups of experts, committees, or panels to develop climate policy, plan protected areas, or negotiate trade-offs for biodiversity conservation. There is, however, surprisingly little empirical research on the performance of group decision making related to the environment. We examined examples from a range of different disciplines, demonstrating the emergence of collective intelligence (CI) in the elicitation of quantitative estimates, crowdsourcing applications, and small-group problem solving. We explored the extent to which similar tools are used in environmental decision making. This revealed important gaps (e.g., a lack of integration of fundamental research in decision-making practice, absence of systematic evaluation frameworks) that obstruct mainstreaming of CI. By making judicious use of interdisciplinary learning opportunities, CI can be harnessed effectively to improve decision making in conservation and environmental management. To elicit reliable quantitative estimates an understanding of cognitive psychology and to optimize crowdsourcing artificial intelligence tools may need to be incorporated. The business literature offers insights into the importance of soft skills and diversity in team effectiveness. Environmental problems set a challenging and rich testing ground for collective-intelligence tools and frameworks. We argue this creates an opportunity for significant advancement in decision-making research and practice.Potencial No Explotado de la Inteligencia Colectiva en la Toma de Decisiones Ambientales y de Conservación Resumen Las decisiones ambientales comúnmente se difieren a grupos de expertos, comités, o paneles para desarrollar la política climática, planear las áreas protegidas o negociar compensaciones por la conservación de la biodiversidad. Aun así, sorprendentemente, existen pocas investigaciones empíricas sobre el desempeño de la toma grupal de decisiones en relación con el ambiente. Examinamos los ejemplos de una gama de disciplinas diferentes, demostrando el surgimiento de la inteligencia colectiva en la obtención de estimaciones cuantitativas, las aplicaciones de la colaboración masiva y la resolución de problemas en grupos pequeños. Exploramos el alcance que tienen las herramientas similares que se usan en la toma de decisiones ambientales. Esto último reveló vacíos importantes (p. ej.: la falta de integración de investigaciones fundamentales en la práctica de la toma de decisiones, la ausencia de marcos de trabajo de evaluación sistemática) que obstruyen la popularización de la inteligencia colectiva. Si hacemos un uso juicioso de las oportunidades de aprendizaje interdisciplinario, la inteligencia colectiva puede aprovecharse efectivamente para mejorar la toma de decisiones en el manejo ambiental y de conservación. La incorporación de un entendimiento de la psicología cognitiva y la optimización de las herramientas de IA para la colaboración masiva pueden ser necesarias para obtener estimados cuantitativos confiables. La literatura de los negocios ofrece conocimientos sobre la importancia de las habilidades blandas y la diversidad en la efectividad del equipo. Los problemas ambientales plantean un campo de pruebas rico y desafiante para las herramientas y los marcos de trabajo de inteligencia colectiva. Argumentamos que esto crea una oportunidad para el avance significativo en la investigación y la práctica de la toma de decisiones.在环境决策中, 通常由专家组、委员会或专门小组来制定气候政策、进行保护区规划或商讨生物多样性保护的利弊权衡。但令人惊讶的是, 很少有实证研究评估与环境相关的群体决策的成效。本研究利用不同学科的案例, 展示了在定量评估、众包应用和小群体问题解决等方面涌现的集体智慧。我们还分析了类似的工具在环境决策中的应用情况。研究结果揭示了一些阻碍集体智慧主流化的一些重要缺口, 如决策实践中缺乏基础研究的整合, 缺少系统的评价框架。而善用跨学科的学习机会, 则可以更有效地利用集体智慧来改善保护和环境管理方面的决策。为了获得可靠的定量评估, 可能需要结合对认知心理学的理解和对众包人工智能工具的优化。另外, 商业文献也有助于更好地了解软技能和多样的团队效能的重要性。环境问题为集体智慧的工具和框架提供了一个极具挑战又丰富多样的试验场, 这也为决策研究和实践取得重大进展创造了机会。【翻译: 胡怡思; 审校: 聂永刚】.
Published: 2019

14. Multimessenger gamma-ray and neutrino coincidence alerts using hawc and icecube subthreshold data

Author: Solares, H. A. Ayala, Coutu, S., DeLaunay, J. J., Fox, D. B., Gr��goire, T., Keivani, A., Krau��, F., Mostaf��, M., Murase, K., Turley, C. F., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Camacho, J. R. Angeles, Arteaga-Vel��zquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Belmont-Moreno, E., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Carrami��ana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., De la Fuente, E., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., D��az-V��lez, J. C., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fleischhack, H., Fraija, N., Galv��n-G��mez, A., Garcia, D., Garc��a-Gonz��lez, J. A., Garfias, F., Gonz��lez, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Huntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Vargas, H. Le��n, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Lundeen, J., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Mart��nez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Peisker, A., P��rez-P��rez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-Gonz��lez, D., Salazar, H., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Ure��a-Mena, F., Villase��or, L., Weisgarber, T., Willox, E., Zepeda, A., Zhou, H., de Le��n, C., Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Arg��elles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., B��ser, S., Botner, O., B��ttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Fienberg, A., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Glauch, T., Gl��senkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., G��nder, M., G��nd��z, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., H��nnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., K��pke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kr��ckl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczy��ska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., L��nemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mari��, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Moment��, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. P��rez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schr��der, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., St��rwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tomankova, L., T��nnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Z��cklein, M., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, COSMIC cancer database, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, Subthreshold conduction, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Coincidence, 3. Good health, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Physique des particules élémentaires, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) and IceCube observatories, through the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) framework, have developed a multimessenger joint search for extragalactic astrophysical sources. This analysis looks for sources that emit both cosmic neutrinos and gamma rays that are produced in photohadronic or hadronic interactions. The AMON system is running continuously, receiving subthreshold data (i.e. data that are not suited on their own to do astrophysical searches) from HAWC and IceCube, and combining them in real time. Here we present the analysis algorithm, as well as results from archival data collected between 2015 June and 2018 August, with a total live time of 3.0 yr. During this period we found two coincident events that have a false-alarm rate (FAR) of, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2021

15. What is a Good Calibration Question?

Author: Mark A. Burgman, Anca M. Hanea, and Victoria Hemming
Subjects: Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications, Computer science, Calibration (statistics), performance weights, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Social Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, GUIDE, Judgment, Aggregation, EXPERT JUDGMENT, ELICITATION, Physiology (medical), Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Set (psychology), Reliability (statistics), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Science & Technology, business.industry, Strategic, Defence & Security Studies, Reproducibility of Results, equal weights, Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods, calibration, Degree (music), Physical Sciences, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Mathematics, Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences
Abstract: Weighted aggregation of expert judgements based on their performance on calibration questions may improve mathematically aggregated judgements relative to equal weights. However, obtaining validated, relevant calibration questions can be difficult. If so, should analysts settle for equal weights? Or should they use calibration questions that are easier to obtain but less relevant? In this paper, we examine what happens to the out-of-sample performance of weighted aggregations of the Classical Model compared to equal weighted aggregations when the set of calibration questions includes many so-called ‘irrelevant’ questions, those that might ordinarily be considered to be outside the domain of the questions of interest. We find that performance weighted aggregations outperform equal weights on the combined Classical Model (CM) Score, but not on Statistical Accuracy (i.e., calibration). Importantly, there was no appreciable difference in performance when weights were developed on relevant versus irrelevant questions. Experts were unable to adapt their knowledge across vastly different domains, and in-sample validation did not accurately predict out-of-sample performance on irrelevant questions. We suggest that if relevant calibration questions cannot be found, then analysts should use equal weights, and draw on alternative techniques to improve judgements. Our study also indicates limits to the predictive accuracy of performance weighted aggregation, and the degree to which expertise can be adapted across domains. We note limitations in our study and urge further research into the effect of question type on the reliability of performance weighted aggregations.
Published: 2021

16. Cosmic ray spectrum from 250 TeV to 10 PeV using IceTop

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Anderson, T., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Ansseau, I., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Anton, G., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Argüelles, C., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Auffenberg, J., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Axani, S., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Bagherpour, H., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Bai, X., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, Marek, Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Balagopal V., A., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Barbano, A., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mallik, P., Ackermann, Markus, Barwick, S. W., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Bastian, B., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Merz, J., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Baum, V., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Nguyễn, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Baur, S., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., O’Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Bay, R., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Beatty, J. J., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, Franz Ludwig, Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Becker, K.-H., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Becker Tjus, J., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., BenZvi, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Berley, D., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Adams, J., Bernardini, E., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Besson, D. Z., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Binder, G., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Bindig, D., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, Marcel, Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Blaufuss, E., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weldert, J., Blot, S., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Bohm, C., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Böser, S., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zöcklein, M., Icecube Collaboration, Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Aguilar, J. A., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Ahlers, M., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Ahrens, M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Alispach, C., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dvorak, E., Amin, N. M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Andeen, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, gap, Cosmic ray, Knee region, Full coverage, 01 natural sciences, Lower energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, energy: threshold, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), surface [IceCube], 0103 physical sciences, overlap, ddc:530, spectrum [cosmic radiation], 010306 general physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Experiments in gravity, cosmology, cosmic rays, Range (particle radiation), energy: high, cosmic radiation: spectrum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, trigger, IceCube: surface, threshold [energy], Physics and Astronomy, high [energy], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, HAWC, Order of magnitude, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Physical review / D 102(12), 122001 (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.122001, We report here an extension of the measurement of the all-particle cosmic-ray spectrum with IceTop to lower energy. The new measurement gives full coverage of the knee region of the spectrum and reduces the gap in energy between previous IceTop and direct measurements. With a new trigger that selects events in closely spaced detectors in the center of the array, the IceTop energy threshold is lowered by almost an order of magnitude below its previous threshold of 2 PeV. In this paper we explain how the new trigger is implemented, and we describe the new machine-learning method developed to deal with events with very few detectors hit. We compare the results with previous measurements by IceTop and others that overlap at higher energy and with HAWC and Tibet in the 100 TeV range., Published by Inst.302363, Melville, NY
Published: 2021

17. Traits explain invasion of alien plants into tropical rainforests

Author: Decky Indrawan Junaedi, Jane A. Catford, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita, Mark A. Burgman, Michael A. McCarthy, and Peter A. Vesk
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Rainforest, Alien, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0603 Evolutionary Biology, Abundance (ecology), based invasive risk assessment, Shade tolerance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, QH540-549.5, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Original Research, 2. Zero hunger, species invasions, 0303 health sciences, Evolutionary Biology, Science & Technology, plant functional traits, Ecology, trait&#8208, 0602 Ecology, Tropics, Understory, 15. Life on land, Southeast Asia, trait‐based invasive risk assessment, alien plant naturalization, tropical rainforest, Weed, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Tropical rainforest
Abstract: 1. The establishment of new botanic gardens in tropical regions highlights a need for weed risk assessment tools suitable for tropical ecosystems. The relevance of plant traits for invasion into tropical rainforests has not been well studied.2. Working in and around four botanic gardens in Indonesia where 590 alien species have been planted, we estimated the effect of four plant traits, plus time since species introduction, on: (a) the naturalization probability and (b) abundance (density) of naturalized species in adjacent native tropical rainforests; and (c) the distance that naturalized alien plants have spread from the botanic gardens.3. We found that specific leaf area (SLA) strongly differentiated 23 naturalized from 78 non‐naturalized alien species (randomly selected from 577 non‐naturalized species) in our study. These trends may indicate that aliens with high SLA, which had a higher probability of naturalization, benefit from at least two factors when establishing in tropical forests: high growth rates and occupation of forest gaps. Naturalized aliens had high SLA and tended to be short. However, plant height was not significantly related to species' naturalization probability when considered alongside other traits.4. Alien species that were present in the gardens for over 30 years and those with small seeds also had higher probabilities of becoming naturalized, indicating that garden plants can invade the understorey of closed canopy tropical rainforests, especially when invading species are shade tolerant and have sufficient time to establish.5. On average, alien species that were not animal dispersed spread 78 m further into the forests and were more likely to naturalize than animal‐dispersed species. We did not detect relationships between the measured traits and estimated density of naturalized aliens in the adjacent forests.6. Synthesis: Traits were able to differentiate alien species from botanic gardens that naturalized in native forest from those that did not; this is promising for developing trait‐based risk assessment in the tropics. To limit the risk of invasion and spread into adjacent native forests, we suggest tropical botanic gardens avoid planting alien species with fast carbon capture strategies and those that are shade tolerant., We demonstrate that alien plant species that spread from Indonesian botanic gardens and naturalize in adjacent native tropical rainforests have different traits to alien species that fail to naturalize. Species with high specific leaf area (SLA), small seeds and long residence times were more likely to naturalize than species that lacked these characteristics. Animal‐dispersed species spread over shorter distances and were less likely to naturalize than species not dispersed by animals. These trait‐based differences hold promise for the development of weed risk assessments specific to the tropics.
Published: 2021

18. Reconstructing Neutrino Energy using CNNs for GeV Scale IceCube Events

Author: Micallef, J., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A. A., Amin, N. M., An, R., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Axani, S., Bai, X., Balagopal, A. V., Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H, Becker Tjus, J., Bellenghi, C., Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Boddenberg, M., Bontempo, F., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Burley, R. T., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Carnie-Bronca, E. G., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dappen, C., Dave, P., Clercq, C., Delaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., Vries, K. D., Wasseige, G., With, M., Deyoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dittmer, M., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Duvernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fan, K. L., Fazely, A. R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E. C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Lincetto, M., Liu, Q. R., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Mcelroy, T., Mcnally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Mockler, D., Teresa Montaruli, Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyên, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O’sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Pérez Los Heros, C., Peters, L., Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pittermann, M., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Schwefer, G., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yu, S., Yuan, T., and Zhang, Z.
Subjects: Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, neural network, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, energy resolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Scale (descriptive set theory), GeV, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, neutrino: energy, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, oscillation [neutrino], resolution, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Data set, observatory, energy [neutrino], High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Event (particle physics), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Measurements of neutrinos at and below 10 GeV provide unique constraints of neutrino oscillation parameters as well as probes of potential Non-Standard Interactions (NSI). The IceCube Neutrino Observatory's DeepCore array is designed to detect neutrinos down to GeV energies. IceCube has built the world's largest data set of neutrinos >10 GeV, making searches for NSI a computational challenge. This work describes the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to improve the energy reconstruction resolution and speed of reconstructing O(10 GeV) neutrino events in IceCube. Compared to current likelihood-based methods which take seconds to minutes, the CNN is expected to provide approximately a factor of 2 improvement in energy resolution while reducing the reconstruction time per event to milliseconds, which is essential for processing large datasets., Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021). See arXiv:2107.06966 for all IceCube contributions. 8 pages. 16 figures
Published: 2021
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19. Measurements of the time-dependent cosmic-ray Sun shadow with seven years of IceCube data: Comparison with the Solar cycle and magnetic field models

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Anderson, T., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, Simone, Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Ansseau, I., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Anton, G., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Argüelles, C., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Auffenberg, J., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, Thomas, Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Axani, S., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Bagherpour, H., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Bai, X., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Kleimann, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Balagopal, A., V., Koundal, P., Kowalski, Marek, Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Barbano, A., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Ackermann, M., Barwick, S. W., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, Wing Yan, Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Bastian-Querner, Benjamin, Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Basu, V., Merz, J., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Baum, V., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Nguỹ̂, Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Baur, S., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Bay, R., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Beatty, J. J., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, Franz Ludwig, Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Becker, K.-H., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Becker Tjus, J., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., BenZvi, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Adams, J., Berley, D., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Bernardini, Elisa, Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, Christian, Stachurska, Juliana, Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Besson, D. Z., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, Andrii, Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Binder, G., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Bindig, D., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., Santen, Jakob van, Blaufuss, E., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Blot, S., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Bohm, C., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zöcklein, M., Böser, S., IceCube Collaboration, Botner, O., Aguilar, J. A., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, Federica, Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, Jannes, Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Ahlers, M., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Ahrens, M., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Alispach, C., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Amin, N. M., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Andeen, K., Felde, J., Fichtner, H., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Collaboration, IceCube, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: astro-ph.SR, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Data rate, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, energy dependence, magnetic field: solar, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, Shadow, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Experiments in gravity, ddc:530, lunar, 010306 general physics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), solar [magnetic field], astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, cosmic radiation: propagation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Magnetic field, time dependence [cosmic radiation], Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Physique des particules élémentaires, cosmic radiation: time dependence, propagation [cosmic radiation], shadowing, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Heliospheric current sheet, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, statistical, cosmology, experimental results
Abstract: Observations of the time-dependent cosmic-ray Sun shadow have been proven as a valuable diagnostic for the assessment of solar magnetic field models. In this paper, seven years of IceCube data are compared to solar activity and solar magnetic field models. A quantitative comparison of solar magnetic field models with IceCube data on the event rate level is performed for the first time. Additionally, a first energy-dependent analysis is presented and compared to recent predictions. We use seven years of IceCube data for the moon and the Sun and compare them to simulations on data rate level. The simulations are performed for the geometrical shadow hypothesis for the moon and the Sun and for a cosmic-ray propagation model governed by the solar magnetic field for the case of the Sun. We find that a linearly decreasing relationship between Sun shadow strength and solar activity is preferred over a constant relationship at the 6.4σ level. We test two commonly used models of the coronal magnetic field, both combined with a Parker spiral, by modeling cosmic-ray propagation in the solar magnetic field. Both models predict a weakening of the shadow in times of high solar activity as it is also visible in the data. We find tensions with the data on the order of 3σ for both models, assuming only statistical uncertainties. The magnetic field model CSSS fits the data slightly better than the PFSS model. This is generally consistent with what is found previously by the Tibet AS-γ Experiment; a deviation of the data from the two models is, however, not significant at this point. Regarding the energy dependence of the Sun shadow, we find indications that the shadowing effect increases with energy during times of high solar activity, in agreement with theoretical predictions., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2021
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20. Detection of a particle shower at the Glashow resonance with IceCube

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fedynitch, A., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Neer, G., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zöcklein, M., and Collaboration, IceCube
Subjects: Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle shower, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Multidisciplinary, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Glashow resonance, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Généralités, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Electron neutrino
Abstract: The Glashow resonance describes the resonant formation of a W− boson during the interaction of a high-energy electron antineutrino with an electron1, peaking at an antineutrino energy of 6.3 petaelectronvolts (PeV) in the rest frame of the electron. Whereas this energy scale is out of reach for currently operating and future planned particle accelerators, natural astrophysical phenomena are expected to produce antineutrinos with energies beyond the PeV scale. Here we report the detection by the IceCube neutrino observatory of a cascade of high-energy particles (a particle shower) consistent with being created at the Glashow resonance. A shower with an energy of 6.05 ± 0.72 PeV (determined from Cherenkov radiation in the Antarctic Ice Sheet) was measured. Features consistent with the production of secondary muons in the particle shower indicate the hadronic decay of a resonant W− boson, confirm that the source is astrophysical and provide improved directional localization. The evidence of the Glashow resonance suggests the presence of electron antineutrinos in the astrophysical flux, while also providing further validation of the standard model of particle physics. Its unique signature indicates a method of distinguishing neutrinos from antineutrinos, thus providing a way to identify astronomical accelerators that produce neutrinos via hadronuclear or photohadronic interactions, with or without strong magnetic fields. As such, knowledge of both the flavour (that is, electron, muon or tau neutrinos) and charge (neutrino or antineutrino) will facilitate the advancement of neutrino astronomy., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2021
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21. Search for GeV neutrino emission during intense gamma-ray solar flares with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author: Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Andeen, K., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, Simone, Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Anderson, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, C., Haack, C., Ansseau, I., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Anton, G., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E. C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Argüelles, C., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Axani, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Bai, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Balagopal V., A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, Thomas, Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Barbano, A., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, Cristina, Lanfranchi, J. L., Barwick, S. W., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Adams, J., Bastian-Querner, Benjamin, Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, Wing Yan, Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Basu, V., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Baum, V., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, Richard, Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, Jannis David, Nguyen, L. V., Baur, S., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Bay, R., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Beatty, J. J., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Becker, K.-H., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, Simeon, Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Becker Tjus, J., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Bellenghi, C., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., BenZvi, S., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Aguilar, J. A., Berley, D., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, Christian, Stachurska, Juliana, Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Bernardini, Elisa, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Besson, D. Z., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, Alexander, Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Binder, G., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., Santen, Jakob van, Bindig, D., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Blaufuss, E., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Blot, Summer, Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., IceCube Collaboration, Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Ahlers, M., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, Federica, Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, Jannes, Browne, S., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Ahrens, M., Campana, M. A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Alispach, C., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Alves, A. A., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Amin, N. M., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., An, R., Fazely, A. R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, Leander, Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: Particles & Fields: Gravitation, Astrophysics, GeV, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, thermal, Cosmology & Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, ENERGY NEUTRINOS, Neutrino detectors, Nuclear Experiment, production [meson], astro-ph.HE, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Experiments in gravity, cosmology, cosmic rays, Solar flare, Gamma ray, threshold [energy], Charged particle, Particle acceleration, Techniques: Cosmic rays & astroparticles, observatory, Research Areas: Solar neutrinos, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics::Space Physics, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.SR, Meson, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, acceleration [p], Physical Systems: Solar flares, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, solar [gamma ray], 0103 physical sciences, Research Areas: Solar neutrinos, Physical Systems: Solar flares, Techniques: Cosmic rays & astroparticles, Neutrino detectors, Particles & Fields: Gravitation, Cosmology & Astrophysics, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), plasma, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, acceleration [charged particle], magnetic [energy], flux [neutrino], Solar atmosphere, Physics and Astronomy, atmosphere, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: Solar flares convert magnetic energy into thermal and non-thermal plasma energy, the latter implying particle acceleration of charged particles such as protons. Protons are injected out of the coronal acceleration region and can interact with dense plasma in the lower solar atmosphere, producing mesons that subsequently decay into gamma rays and neutrinos at O(MeV-GeV) energies. We present the results of the first search for GeV neutrinos emitted during solar flares carried out with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. While the experiment was originally designed to detect neutrinos with energies between 10 GeV and a few PeV, a new approach allowing for a O(GeV) energy threshold will be presented. The resulting limits allow us to constrain some of the theoretical estimates of the expected neutrino flux., 28 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2021

22. IceCube Data for Neutrino Point-Source Searches Years 2008-2018

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Arg��elles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., B��ser, S., Botner, O., B��ttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., D��az-V��lez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Gl��senkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Gr��goire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., G��nd��z, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Minh, M. Ha, Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., H��nnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., K��pke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kr��ckl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczy��ska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., L��nemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mari��, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Moment��, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Neer, G., Nguy��n, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. P��rez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schr��der, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., St��rwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., T��nnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., and Z��cklein, M.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 01 natural sciences
Abstract: IceCube has performed several all-sky searches for point-like neutrino sources using track-like events, including a recent time-integrated analysis using 10 years of IceCube data. This paper accompanies the public data release of these neutrino candidates detected by IceCube between April 6, 2008 and July 8, 2018. The selection includes through-going tracks, primarily due to muon neutrino candidates, that reach the detector from all directions, as well as neutrino track events that start within the instrumented volume. An updated selection and reconstruction for data taken after April 2012 slightly improves the sensitivity of the sample. While more than 80% of the sample overlaps between the old and new versions, differing events can lead to changes relative to the previous 7 year event selection. An a posteriori estimate of the significance of the 2014-2015 TXS flare is reported with an explanation of observed discrepancies with previous results. This public data release, which includes 10 years of data and binned detector response functions for muon neutrino signal events, shows improved sensitivity in generic time-integrated point source analyses and should be preferred over previous releases., See https://icecube.wisc.edu/science/data/PS-IC40-IC86_VII for the associated data release files. For the associated time-integrated analysis results, see Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 051103 (2020) (also available at arXiv:1910.08488)
Published: 2021
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23. Search for multi-flare neutrino emissions in 10 yr of IceCube data from a catalog of sources

Author: R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, C. Alispach, A. A. Alves, N. M. Amin, R. An, K. Andeen, T. Anderson, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, Y. Ashida, S. Axani, X. Bai, A. Balagopal V., A. Barbano, S. W. Barwick, B. Bastian, V. Basu, S. Baur, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, K.-H. Becker, J. Becker Tjus, C. Bellenghi, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, S. Blot, M. Boddenberg, F. Bontempo, J. Borowka, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, E. Bourbeau, F. Bradascio, J. Braun, S. Bron, J. Brostean-Kaiser, S. Browne, A. Burgman, R. T. Burley, R. S. Busse, M. A. Campana, E. G. Carnie-Bronca, C. Chen, D. Chirkin, K. Choi, B. A. Clark, K. Clark, L. Classen, A. Coleman, G. H. Collin, J. M. Conrad, P. Coppin, P. Correa, D. F. Cowen, R. Cross, C. Dappen, P. Dave, C. De Clercq, J. J. DeLaunay, H. Dembinski, K. Deoskar, S. De Ridder, A. Desai, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, S. Dharani, A. Diaz, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, M. Dittmer, H. Dujmovic, M. Dunkman, M. A. DuVernois, E. Dvorak, T. Ehrhardt, P. Eller, R. Engel, H. Erpenbeck, J. Evans, P. A. Evenson, K. L. Fan, A. R. Fazely, S. Fiedlschuster, A. T. Fienberg, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, L. Fischer, D. Fox, A. Franckowiak, E. Friedman, A. Fritz, P. Fürst, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, E. Ganster, A. Garcia, S. Garrappa, L. Gerhardt, A. Ghadimi, C. Glaser, T. Glauch, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J. G. Gonzalez, S. Goswami, D. Grant, T. Grégoire, S. Griswold, M. Gündüz, C. Günther, C. Haack, A. Hallgren, R. Halliday, L. Halve, F. Halzen, M. Ha Minh, K. Hanson, J. Hardin, A. A. Harnisch, A. Haungs, S. Hauser, D. Hebecker, K. Helbing, F. Henningsen, E. C. Hettinger, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, C. Hill, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, T. Hoinka, B. Hokanson-Fasig, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. Huber, T. Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, S. In, N. Iovine, A. Ishihara, M. Jansson, G. S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, B. J. P. Jones, D. Kang, W. Kang, X. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, U. Katz, M. Kauer, M. Kellermann, J. L. Kelley, A. Kheirandish, K. Kin, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, S. R. Klein, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, T. Kontrimas, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, P. Koundal, M. Kovacevich, M. Kowalski, T. Kozynets, E. Kun, N. Kurahashi, N. Lad, C. Lagunas Gualda, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, F. Lauber, J. P. Lazar, J. W. Lee, K. Leonard, A. Leszczyńska, Y. Li, M. Lincetto, Q. R. Liu, M. Liubarska, E. Lohfink, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, L. Lu, F. Lucarelli, A. Ludwig, W. Luszczak, Y. Lyu, W. Y. Ma, J. Madsen, K. B. M. Mahn, Y. Makino, S. Mancina, I. C. Mariş, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, T. McElroy, F. McNally, J. V. Mead, K. Meagher, A. Medina, M. Meier, S. Meighen-Berger, J. Micallef, D. Mockler, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, R. Morse, M. Moulai, R. Naab, R. Nagai, U. Naumann, J. Necker, L. V. Nguyễn, H. Niederhausen, M. U. Nisa, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, M. Oehler, B. Oeyen, A. Olivas, E. O’Sullivan, H. Pandya, D. V. Pankova, N. Park, G. K. Parker, E. N. Paudel, L. Paul, C. Pérez de los Heros, L. Peters, J. Peterson, S. Philippen, D. Pieloth, S. Pieper, M. Pittermann, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, Y. Popovych, A. Porcelli, M. Prado Rodriguez, P. B. Price, B. Pries, G. T. Przybylski, C. Raab, A. Raissi, M. Rameez, K. Rawlins, I. C. Rea, A. Rehman, P. Reichherzer, R. Reimann, G. Renzi, E. Resconi, S. Reusch, W. Rhode, M. Richman, B. Riedel, E. J. Roberts, S. Robertson, G. Roellinghoff, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, D. Rysewyk Cantu, I. Safa, J. Saffer, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, A. Sandrock, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, M. Scharf, M. Schaufel, H. Schieler, S. Schindler, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, A. Schneider, J. Schneider, F. G. Schröder, L. Schumacher, G. Schwefer, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, A. Sharma, S. Shefali, M. Silva, B. Skrzypek, B. Smithers, R. Snihur, J. Soedingrekso, D. Soldin, C. Spannfellner, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, J. Stachurska, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, R. Stein, J. Stettner, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, T. Stürwald, T. Stuttard, G. W. Sullivan, I. Taboada, F. Tenholt, S. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, F. Tischbein, K. Tollefson, L. Tomankova, C. Tönnis, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, A. Trettin, M. Tselengidou, C. F. Tung, A. Turcati, R. Turcotte, C. F. Turley, J. P. Twagirayezu, B. Ty, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, N. Valtonen-Mattila, J. Vandenbroucke, N. van Eijndhoven, D. Vannerom, J. van Santen, S. Verpoest, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, T. B. Watson, C. Weaver, P. Weigel, A. Weindl, M. J. Weiss, J. Weldert, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, M. Weyrauch, N. Whitehorn, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, M. Wolf, K. Woschnagg, G. Wrede, J. Wulff, X. W. Xu, Y. Xu, J. P. Yanez, S. Yoshida, S. Yu, T. Yuan, Z. Zhang, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: BLAZAR TXS 0506+056, High-energy astronomy, Population, M87, FOS: Physical sciences, Binomial test, Astrophysics, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, ASTROPHYSICAL SOURCES, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, COINCIDENT, education.field_of_study, Northern Hemisphere, Astronomy and Astrophysics, MODEL, Physics and Astronomy, Space and Planetary Science, JETS, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract: A recent time-integrated analysis of a catalog of 110 candidate neutrino sources revealed a cumulative neutrino excess in the data collected by IceCube between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. This excess, inconsistent with the background hypothesis in the Northern hemisphere at the $3.3~\sigma$ level, is associated with four sources: NGC 1068, TXS 0506+056, PKS 1424+240 and GB6 J1542+6129. This letter presents two time-dependent neutrino emission searches on the same data sample and catalog: a point-source search that looks for the most significant time-dependent source of the catalog by combining space, energy and time information of the events, and a population test based on binomial statistics that looks for a cumulative time-dependent neutrino excess from a subset of sources. Compared to previous time-dependent searches, these analyses enable a feature to possibly find multiple flares from a single direction with an unbinned maximum-likelihood method. M87 is found to be the most significant time-dependent source of this catalog at the level of $1.7~\sigma$ post-trial, and TXS 0506+056 is the only source for which two flares are reconstructed. The binomial test reports a cumulative time-dependent neutrino excess in the Northern hemisphere at the level of $3.0~\sigma$ associated with four sources: M87, TXS 0506+056, GB6 J1542+6129 and NGC 1068.
Published: 2021

24. First all-flavor search for transient neutrino emission using 3-years of IceCube DeepCore data

Author: Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves Jr., A. A., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Minh, M. Ha, Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Neer, G., Nguyên, L. V., Nielsen, M. L., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Collaboration, The IceCube, Vriendenkring VUB, Elementary Particle Physics, and Physics
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma ray burst experiments, neutrino astronomy, neutrino experiments, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: Since the discovery of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, searches for their origins have focused primarily at TeV-PeV energies. Compared to sub-TeV searches, high-energy searches benefit from an increase in the neutrino cross section, improved angular resolution on the neutrino direction, and a reduced background from atmospheric neutrinos and muons. However, the focus on high energy does not preclude the existence of sub-TeV neutrino emission where IceCube retains sensitivity. Here we present the first all-flavor search from IceCube for transient emission of low-energy neutrinos, focusing on the energy region of 5.6-100 GeV using three years of data obtained with the IceCube-DeepCore detector. We find no evidence of transient neutrino emission in the data, thus leading to a constraint on the volumetric rate of astrophysical transient sources in the range of $\sim 705-2301\, \text{Gpc}^{-3}\, \text{yr}^{-1}$ for sources following a subphotospheric energy spectrum with a mean energy of 100 GeV and a bolometric energy of $10^{52}$ erg., 16 pages, 10 figures. Update from previous arXiv version reflects a change to the title, minor text edits, and additional description of the statistical derivation of the results, which were all part of the JCAP review process
Published: 2020

25. Searching for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with eight years of atmospheric neutrinos at the IceCube Neutrino Telescope

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Anderson, T., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Ansseau, I., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Anton, G., Hardin, J., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Argüelles, C., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, Thomas, Auffenberg, J., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jones, B. J. P., Axani, S., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Bagherpour, H., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, Thomas, Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Bai, X., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Balagopal, A., V., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Barbano, A., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Ackermann, M., Barwick, S. W., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Bastian, B., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Basu, V., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Baum, V., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Baur, S., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Bay, R., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Beatty, J. J., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Becker, K.-H., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Becker Tjus, J., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., BenZvi, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Adams, J., Berley, D., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Bernardini, E., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Besson, D. Z., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, Andrii, Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Binder, G., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, Marcel, Bindig, D., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., Santen, Jakob van, Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Blaufuss, E., Wallraff, M., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Blot, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Bohm, C., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zöcklein, M., IceCube Collaboration, Böser, S., Botner, O., Aguilar, J. A., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Ahlers, M., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Ahrens, M., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Alispach, C., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Amin, N. M., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Andeen, K., Fedynitch, A., Felde, J., Fienberg, A. T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, Anna, Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Sterile neutrino, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, PROTON, sterile [neutrino], 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, CROSS-SECTIONS, IceCube, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, neutrino: atmosphere, Subatomic Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, detector [neutrino], Physics, oscillation [neutrino], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, hep-ph, OPTICAL-PROPERTIES, neutrino: sterile, atmosphere [neutrino], mass difference [neutrino], ddc, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, neutrino: detector, Physique des particules élémentaires, SOUTH-POLE ICE, Neutrino, data analysis method, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino telescope, neutrino: mass difference, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, OSCILLATIONS, conservation law, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astronomy, neutrino: mixing angle, CONVERSION, Physics and Astronomy, LSND, RESOLUTION, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, GLACIAL ICE, mixing angle [neutrino], experimental results
Abstract: Physical review / D D102(5), 052009 (1-32) (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.052009, We report in detail on searches for eV-scale sterile neutrinos, in the context of a 3+1 model, using eight years of data from the IceCube neutrino telescope. By analyzing the reconstructed energies and zenith angles of 305,735 atmospheric $\nu_\mu$ and $\bar{\nu}_\mu$ events we construct confidence intervals in two analysis spaces: $\sin^2 (2\theta_{24})$ vs. $\Delta m^2_{41}$ under the conservative assumption $\theta_{34}=0$; and $\sin^2(2\theta_{24})$ vs. $\sin^2 (2\theta_{34})$ given sufficiently large $\Delta m^2_{41}$ that fast oscillation features are unresolvable. Detailed discussions of the event selection, systematic uncertainties, and fitting procedures are presented. No strong evidence for sterile neutrinos is found, and the best-fit likelihood is consistent with the no sterile neutrino hypothesis with a p-value of 8% in the first analysis space and 19% in the second., Published by Inst.302363, Melville, NY
Published: 2020

26. IceCube search for neutrinos coincident with compact binary mergers from LIGO-Virgo's first gravitational-wave transient catalog

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Anton, G., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Argüelles, C., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Auffenberg, J., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Axani, S., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Bagherpour, H., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Bai, X., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Balagopal, A., V., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Barbano, A., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Bartos, I., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Barwick, S. W., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Adams, J., Bastian, B., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Baum, V., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Merz, J., Meures, T., Baur, S., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Bay, R., Neer, G., Nguyễn, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Beatty, J. J., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Becker, K.-H., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Becker Tjus, J., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., BenZvi, S., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Berley, D., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Bernardini, E., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Aguilar, J. A., Besson, D. Z., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Binder, G., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Bindig, D., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, Andrii, Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Blaufuss, E., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, Marcel, Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., Blot, S., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Santen, Jakob van, Verpoest, S., Veske, D., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Bohm, C., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Böser, S., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Botner, O., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., IceCube Collaboration, Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Ahlers, M., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Ahrens, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Alispach, C., Corley, K. R., Correa, P., Countryman, S., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Andeen, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Anderson, T., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Ansseau, I., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, Anna, Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Observatory, IceCube Neutrino, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Bayesian, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Neutrino astronomy, High energy astrophysics, Gravitational waves, localization, IceCube, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, particle source [neutrino], 0103 physical sciences, LIGO, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observatory, messenger, Massless particle, VIRGO, Neutrino detector, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, compact [binary], Physique des particules élémentaires, ddc:520, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Lepton
Abstract: Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, we search for high-energy neutrino emission coincident with compact binary mergers observed by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave (GW) detectors during their first and second observing runs. We present results from two searches targeting emission coincident with the sky localization of each GW event within a 1000 s time window centered around the reported merger time. One search uses a model-independent unbinned maximum-likelihood analysis, which uses neutrino data from IceCube to search for pointlike neutrino sources consistent with the sky localization of GW events. The other uses the Low-Latency Algorithm for Multi-messenger Astrophysics, which incorporates astrophysical priors through a Bayesian framework and includes LIGO-Virgo detector characteristics to determine the association between the GW source and the neutrinos. No significant neutrino coincidence is seen by either search during the first two observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo detectors. We set upper limits on the time-integrated neutrino emission within the 1000 s window for each of the 11 GW events. These limits range from 0.02 to 0.7 GeV cm-2. We also set limits on the total isotropic equivalent energy, E iso, emitted in high-energy neutrinos by each GW event. These limits range from 1.7 × 1051 to 1.8 × 1055 erg. We conclude with an outlook for LIGO-Virgo observing run O3, during which both analyses are running in real time., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

27. EV-Scale Sterile Neutrino Search Using Eight Years of Atmospheric Muon Neutrino Data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author: K. Tollefson, Albrecht Karle, U. Katz, R. S. Busse, G. H. Collin, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, Thomas Ehrhardt, P. Schlunder, R. Hellauer, Spencer Axani, D. B. Fox, Kayla Leonard, R. Maunu, Alan Coleman, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, S. Hickford, R. Joppe, A. Wallace, Delia Tosi, Sebastian Baur, M. G. Aartsen, Carlos Arguelles, David Vannerom, I. Ansseau, Hermann Kolanoski, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, Stef Verpoest, Jessie Micallef, Matthias Vraeghe, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Tim Ruhe, N. Kurahashi, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Ioana Codrina Maris, H. Bagherpour, Johan Wulff, Sebastian Böser, Olga Botner, J. Kim, Elisa Bernardini, A. Ludwig, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, Timothyblake Watson, D. Heereman, Gisela Anton, M. Stamatikos, J. Bourbeau, K. Rawlins, G. de Wasseige, Won Nam Kang, V. Baum, Jenni Adams, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, H. Niederhausen, A. Steuer, C. Alispach, Bunheng Ty, Stephen L. Hauser, Raamis Hussain, Janet Conrad, B. Relethford, Jan Soedingrekso, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Z. Griffith, Y. Makino, Seongjin In, R. Hoffmann, James Madsen, Konstancja Satalecka, Benjamin Bastian, Theo Glauch, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Saskia Philippen, F. Jonske, R. Cross, M. J. Larson, Lu Lu, T. Kittler, X. Bai, G. Neer, Alexander Fritz, A. Goldschmidt, D. van Eijk, Lenka Tomankova, Giovanni Renzi, D. Seckel, S. Fahey, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, Claudio Kopper, Daniel Bindig, G. Krückl, Alejandro Diaz, C. Pérez de los Heros, E. O’Sullivan, Le Viet Nguyen, Wing Yan Ma, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, R. G. Stokstad, K. Krings, M. Plum, P. B. Price, William Luszczak, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, David Kappesser, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Francesco Lucarelli, T. O. B. Schmidt, Tyce DeYoung, Chad Finley, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Matti Jansson, D. Z. Besson, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, A. Kyriacou, M. Silva, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Qinrui Liu, J. Becker Tjus, T. Glüsenkamp, Subir Sarkar, Martina Karl, Matt Dunkman, Kendall Mahn, Christoph Tönnis, F. Huang, K. Meagher, Jochen M. Schneider, J. Stettner, T. R. Wood, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, T. Palczewski, S. De Ridder, Y. L. Li, G. W. Sullivan, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, Jeffrey Lazar, Chunfai Tung, James E. Braun, Alexander Trettin, E. Cheung, J. Werthebach, Thomas Stuttard, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Alexander Sandrock, Elisa Lohfink, Thomas Meures, N. L. Strotjohann, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, M. Wallraff, Michael DuVernois, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, Felix Henningsen, Karl J. Clark, Simone Garrappa, Dmitry Chirkin, Sarah Pieper, D. Hebecker, Anatoli Fedynitch, K. Helbing, Chujie Chen, Dirk Ryckbosch, Joshua Hignight, M. Zöcklein, T. Grégoire, Timo Sturwald, J. C. Gallagher, Timo Karg, Gerald Przybylski, Federica Bradascio, Yang Lyu, Alexander Kappes, Alexander Burgman, M. Song, T. L. Carver, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, Sarah Mancina, Paul Coppin, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, F. McNally, A. R. Fazely, M. Usner, Grant Parker, R. Halliday, Stephan Meighen-Berger, K. D. de Vries, Gerrit Wrede, Andrea Turcati, J. van Santen, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, Thomas Huber, G. Momenté, Merlin Schaufel, A. Stößl, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, M. Medici, M. Rameez, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Alex Pizzuto, D. F. Cowen, Reina H. Maruyama, E. Pinat, N. Kulacz, U. Naumann, Martin Rongen, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Giorgio Maggi, K. Wiebe, A. Balagopal, Gary Binder, Zhedong Zhang, E. Unger, Simona Toscano, J. Auffenberg, Pablo Correa, Summer Blot, Brian Clark, C. De Clercq, P. Heix, K. Mase, P. Mallik, M. E. Huber, A. O'Murchadha, Marcos Santander, Ramesh Koirala, David A. Williams, L. Schumacher, Benedikt Riedel, S. Tilav, Max Renschler, D. Kang, D. J. Koskinen, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, L. Gerhardt, M. J. Weiss, E. Bourbeau, J. P. Yanez, Ben Smithers, Colin Turley, A. Olivas, S. Kopper, Spencer Griswold, I. Taboada, Michael O. Wolf, René Reimann, A. Haungs, M. Prado Rodriguez, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Nahee Park, Pranav Dave, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, E. Blaufuss, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, M. Günder, Austin Schneider, Steven Robertson, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Shefali Shefali, L. Classen, T. Stezelberger, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Y. Popovych, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Xianwu Xu, A. Terliuk, J. Sandroos, C. Bohm, Justin Lanfranchi, Christian Spiering, Justin Vandenbroucke, Abhishek Desai, S. C. Nowicki, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, J. Felde, J. Buscher, D. Rysewyk Cantu, A. Obertacke Pollmann, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Erik Ganster, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Frank G. Schröder, J. Lünemann, N. van Eijndhoven, C. Haack, Emily Dvorak, Aaron Fienberg, Amirreza Raissi, Minjin Jeong, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, H. Dujmovic, L. Rauch, S. Yoshida, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, Juanan Aguilar, Kael Hanson, A. Ishihara, Maximilian Meier, Paolo Desiati, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, B. J. P. Jones, Andres Medina, Kara Hoffman, D. Mockler, Hershal Pandya, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, L. Wills, P. Muth, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, Maximilian Karl Scharf, P. Peiffer, Ibrahim Safa, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, W. Van Driessche, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, M. U. Nisa, L. Köpke, T. Anderson, John Hardin, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Sterile neutrino, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, General Physics and Astronomy, sterile [neutrino], 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, Subatomic Physics, TOOL, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, atmosphere [muon], Muon neutrino, Physics, oscillation [neutrino], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, hep-ph, neutrino: sterile, mass difference [neutrino], ddc, muon: atmosphere, observatory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physique des particules élémentaires, signature, Particle physics, data analysis method, Scale (ratio), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, neutrino: mass difference, FOS: Physical sciences, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, OSCILLATIONS, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, hep-ex, ICE, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, neutrino: mixing angle, CONVERSION, Physics and Astronomy, COSMOLOGY, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, BAYESIAN-INFERENCE, mixing angle [neutrino], experimental results
Abstract: Physical review letters 125(14), 141801 (1-11) (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141801, The results of a 3+1 sterile neutrino search using eight years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory are presented. A total of 305 735 muon neutrino events are analyzed in reconstructed energy-zenith space to test for signatures of a matter-enhanced oscillation that would occur given a sterile neutrino state with a mass-squared differences between 0.01 and 100 eV$^2$. The best-fit point is found to be at sin$^2$($2θ_{24}$)=0.10 and $Δm_{41}^2$=4.5 eV$^2$, which is consistent with the no sterile neutrino hypothesis with a $p$ value of 8.0%., Published by APS, College Park, Md.
Published: 2020

28. IceCube-Gen2: The Window to the Extreme Universe

Author: J. Kim, A. Gartner, A. Obertacke Pollmann, B. Hoffmann, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Jenni Adams, Akimichi Taketa, D. van Eijk, Daniel Bindig, G. H. Collin, T. C. Arlen, Robert Lahmann, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, U. Nauman, Azadeh Keivani, Y. L. Li, Karl J. Clark, T. Kintscher, M. Song, T. L. Carver, Paras Koundal, Michael Kovacevich, Christian Glaser, Frederik Hermann Lauber, T. Huege, Erik Ganster, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, Anna Nelles, R. G. Stokstad, F. McNally, R. Maunu, M. Prado Rodriguez, Kayla Leonard, N. Kurahashi, James E. Braun, Amy Connolly, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, Justin Lanfranchi, Pranav Dave, Jannis Necker, C. Wendt, S. Wren, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, David Vannerom, M. H. Shaevitz, Alexander Trettin, Reina H. Maruyama, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, K. Krings, Rasha Abbasi, Ben Smithers, Qinrui Liu, M. J. Larson, T. Anderson, Summer Blot, G. de Wasseige, I. Ansseau, D. Hebecker, Jorge Torres, Killian Holzapfel, Martina Karl, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, John Hardin, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Daniel García-Fernández, T. Stezelberger, S. Mandalia, E. O'Sullivan, R. Hoffmann, M. Plum, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, C. Pérez de los Heros, S. Márka, G. WSullivan, A. Haungs, Paul Coppin, Z. Griffith, J. C. Gallagher, Saskia Philippen, Federica Bradascio, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, Andrea Turcati, Wing Yan Ma, Nahee Park, Y. Makino, Sarah Mancina, C. Walck, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Chad Finley, David Kappesser, T. Gregoire, Ella Roberts, J. van Santen, S. De Ridder, Jan Weldert, Chunfai Tung, F. Jonske, Ken'ichi Kin, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, K. Hultqvist, N. L. Strotjohann, H. Dujmovic, Vedant Basu, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Alex Pizzuto, K. D. de Vries, I. CMariş, Gerrit Wrede, R. Gernhaeuser, Thomas Huber, Matti Jansson, Thomas K. Gaisser, M. Richman, Christoph Tönnis, James DeLaunay, Gary Binder, K.-H. Becker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, U. Latif, Hiroyuki Tanaka, I. Safa, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, P. B. Price, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, Segev BenZvi, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Darren Grant, Marjon Moulai, Yiqian Xu, Felix Henningsen, S. Robertson, Aswathi Balagopal, Francesco Lucarelli, Pisin Chen, Matt Dunkman, Merlin Schaufel, Patrick Allison, Spencer Klein, Cosmin Deaconu, Tim Ruhe, A. Ludwig, George Japaridze, Javier Gonzalez, C. B. Krauss, Roxanne Turcotte, T. O. B. Schmidt, Simona Toscano, Roger Moore, P. Heix, R. S. Busse, Chujie Chen, Pablo Correa, L. Gerhard, S. De Kockere, J. Felde, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, J. Buscher, D. Rysewyk Cantu, A. Weindl, R. Hellauer, Giorgio Maggi, H. Niederhausen, Mauricio Bustamante, D. Southall, Julia Böttcher, J. Bourbeau, Lenka Tomankova, Maryon Ahrens, A. Burgman, Christopher Wiebusch, Darko Veberič, Juanan Aguilar, T. R. Wood, Christian Spiering, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, L. Schumacher, C. De Clercq, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, L. V. Nguyen, C. Lagunas Gualda, K. Hughes, Kara Hoffman, C. Alispach, J. M. LoSecco, Joshua Hignight, K. Helbing, Timo Sturwald, Xinyue Kang, Richard Naab, Kunal Deoskar, Janet Conrad, Zackary Meyers, K. Meagher, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, David A. Williams, Kurt Woschnagg, M. Zöcklein, M. Silva, Claudio Kopper, Eric Oberla, Ramesh Koirala, E. Cheung, Thomas Stuttard, Martin Rongen, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, R. Cross, Paul Evenson, A. Karle, Sebastian Böser, Seongjin In, Johannes Werthebach, J. P. Lazar, Markus Ackermann, Austin Schneider, Yang Lyu, Justin Vandenbroucke, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Beverley A. Clark, Timo Karg, Sarah Pieper, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Zhedong Zhang, P. Schlunder, A. Ishihara, Elisa Resconi, Subir Sarkar, William Luszczak, Clara E. Hill, Ava Ghadimi, Alessio Porcelli, Alan Coleman, J. Auffenberg, Grant Parker, Robert Stein, Dirk Ryckbosch, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Abhishek Desai, T. Kittler, J. Nam, P. Mallik, E. Blaufuss, S. Zierke, T. Stanev, M. Bohmer, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Simone Garrappa, P. Muth, Dmitry Chirkin, M. E. Huber, Marcos Santander, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, J. Becker Tjus, L. Classen, Colin Turley, S. C. Nowicki, K. Farrag, M. Kleifges, O. Kalekin, A. Olivas, Alexander Kappes, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Abigail G. Vieregg, Frank G. Schröder, D. Heinen, Erin Carnie-Bronca, N. Kulacz, D. Tosi, J. C. Hanson, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Gisela Anton, Elisa Lohfink, Elisa Bernardini, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Jan Soedingrekso, Giovanni Renzi, Michael DuVernois, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, K. Wiebe, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, J. Lünemann, Thomas Ehrhardt, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, M. U. Nisa, Aaron Fienberg, Gerald Przybylski, G. Krückl, L. Papp, Amirreza Raissi, L. Köpke, Chris Weaver, R. Halliday, Alejandro Diaz, Stephanie Bron, S. Söldner-Rembold, James Pinfold, Ryan Burley, M. Riegel, H. Bagherpour, Stephanie Wissel, Olga Botner, Y. Pan, A. Steuer, S. Tilav, D. Kang, M. deWith, V. Baum, J. P. Yanez, I. Taboada, Stephen L. Hauser, Raamis Hussain, Michael O. Wolf, M. Stamatikos, John Evans, Shefali Shefali, Christoph Welling, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, K. Tollefson, A. Goldschmidt, Y. Popovych, Troels Petersen, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Simeon Reusch, S. Hickford, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, C. Bohm, R. Joppe, Spencer Axani, Sebastian Baur, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Teppei Katori, K. Rawlins, James Madsen, Lu Lu, M. G. Aartsen, T. Glüsenkamp, M. Meier, Michael Campana, P. Sandstrom, Kendall Mahn, B. J. P. Jones, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, Andres Medina, G. Momenté, D. Mockler, M. Rameez, D. F. Cowen, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, R. Morse, T. Montaruli, E. Unger, Maximilian Karl Scharf, P. Peiffer, J. Stettner, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Max Renschler, D. J. Koskinen, E. Bourbeau, Spencer Griswold, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Z. Márka, Minjin Jeong, L. Rauch, S. Yoshida, N. van Eijndhoven, C. Haack, Emily Dvorak, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, Kael Hanson, Paolo Desiati, J. Haugen, Lars Steffen Weinstock, Johan Wulff, Won Nam Kang, Timothyblake Watson, X. Bai, G. Neer, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, U. Katz, Alexander Sandrock, Ilse Plaisier, K. Mase, D. B. Fox, Hermann Kolanoski, M. J. Weiss, Stef Verpoest, Imre Bartos, David J. Smith, S. Kopper, René Reimann, Leander Fischer, F. Huang, Matthias Vraeghe, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Active galactic nucleus, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High-energy astronomy, Gravitational wave, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Universe, Neutron star, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: The observation of electromagnetic radiation from radio to $\gamma$-ray wavelengths has provided a wealth of information about the universe. However, at PeV (10$^{15}$ eV) energies and above, most of the universe is impenetrable to photons. New messengers, namely cosmic neutrinos, are needed to explore the most extreme environments of the universe where black holes, neutron stars, and stellar explosions transform gravitational energy into non-thermal cosmic rays. The discovery of cosmic neutrinos with IceCube has opened this new window on the universe. In this white paper, we present an overview of a next-generation instrument, IceCube-Gen2, which will sharpen our understanding of the processes and environments that govern the universe at the highest energies. IceCube-Gen2 is designed to: 1) Resolve the high-energy neutrino sky from TeV to EeV energies; 2) Investigate cosmic particle acceleration through multi-messenger observations; 3) Reveal the sources and propagation of the highest energy particles in the universe; 4) Probe fundamental physics with high-energy neutrinos. IceCube-Gen2 will increase the annual rate of observed cosmic neutrinos by a factor of ten compared to IceCube, and will be able to detect sources five times fainter than its predecessor. Furthermore, through the addition of a radio array, IceCube-Gen2 will extend the energy range by several orders of magnitude compared to IceCube. Construction will take 8 years and cost about \$350M. The goal is to have IceCube-Gen2 fully operational by 2033. IceCube-Gen2 will play an essential role in shaping the new era of multi-messenger astronomy, fundamentally advancing our knowledge of the high-energy universe. This challenging mission can be fully addressed only in concert with the new survey instruments across the electromagnetic spectrum and gravitational wave detectors which will be available in the coming years., Comment: 56 pages, 29 figures
Published: 2020

29. IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from TeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae

Author: C. Haack, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Emily Dvorak, K.-H. Becker, K. Hoshina, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, K. Mase, Yuya Makino, Minjin Jeong, Timothyblake Watson, Thomas Meures, B. Relethford, E. Cheung, Saskia Philippen, M. J. Weiss, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, L. Rauch, U. Katz, Thomas Stuttard, S. De Ridder, Jeffrey Lazar, P. B. Price, D. Heereman, S. Yoshida, D. B. Fox, S. Kopper, Sarah Pieper, K. Jero, N. L. Strotjohann, Hermann Kolanoski, Dirk Ryckbosch, Stef Verpoest, Colin Turley, Felix Henningsen, M. Zöcklein, René Reimann, C. Alispach, Lenka Tomankova, T. Grégoire, Timo Karg, A. Steuer, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Janet Conrad, Thomas Ehrhardt, Frank G. Schröder, A. R. Fazely, M. Silva, Francesco Lucarelli, Raamis Hussain, R. Cross, A. Obertacke Pollmann, E. Pinat, T. O. B. Schmidt, Johannes Werthebach, M. Usner, Kael Hanson, Karl J. Clark, Maximilian Meier, S. Hickford, R. Joppe, Delia Tosi, Sebastian Baur, Chujie Chen, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, K. Helbing, Won Nam Kang, X. Bai, G. Neer, Simona Toscano, P. Heix, R. Maunu, J. Lünemann, William Luszczak, S. Tilav, M. Medici, Christian Spiering, L. Wills, P. Muth, P. Schlunder, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, R. S. Busse, M. Song, T. L. Carver, Mike Richman, Amirreza Raissi, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, T. R. Wood, Ramesh Koirala, J. P. Yanez, Karim Ghorbani, Spencer Axani, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, Paolo Desiati, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, Kurt Woschnagg, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, G. Merino, Tim Ruhe, Justin Vandenbroucke, H. Bagherpour, Alexander Sandrock, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Martin Rongen, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, A. Ludwig, Olga Botner, Paul Evenson, M. G. Aartsen, N. Wandkowsky, H. Dujmovic, Merlin Schaufel, M. Stamatikos, E. Blaufuss, Ioana Codrina Maris, L. Wille, H. Niederhausen, Carlos Arguelles, Ibrahim Safa, V. Baum, Jessie Micallef, L. Classen, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, N. Kurahashi, J. Bourbeau, D. Kang, Todor Stanev, K. Tollefson, Surujhdeo Seunarine, Albrecht Karle, D. van Eijk, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, P. Mallik, Simone Garrappa, Dmitry Chirkin, S. C. Nowicki, W. Van Driessche, C. Wendt, Alexander Kappes, Erik Ganster, K. Mallot, R. Morse, James W. Wood, Z. Griffith, Jakob Bottcher, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, R. Snihur, T. Montaruli, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Juanan Aguilar, G. de Wasseige, G. W. Sullivan, K. Rawlins, Donglian Xu, Seongjin In, B. J. P. Jones, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Elisa Resconi, I. Taboada, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Elisa Lohfink, James E. Braun, Gisela Anton, James Madsen, Lu Lu, Alessio Porcelli, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Giovanni Renzi, A. Goldschmidt, D. Hebecker, Qinrui Liu, R. Hoffmann, T. Glüsenkamp, Le Viet Nguyen, L. Köpke, D. Seckel, S. Fahey, Michael O. Wolf, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Martina Karl, A. Wallace, A. Terliuk, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, Justin Lanfranchi, J. van Santen, Mehr Nisa, Jochen M. Schneider, B. J. Whelan, Claudio Kopper, A. Ishihara, Tyce DeYoung, Andres Medina, Alexander Trettin, Nathan Whitehorn, Alex Pizzuto, D. R. Nygren, Gerald Przybylski, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Gary Binder, R. Halliday, A. Haungs, C. Pérez de los Heros, K. Krings, D. Mockler, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, M. Wallraff, Darren Grant, Kendall Mahn, C. Walck, Alan Coleman, E. O’Sullivan, T. Anderson, Marek Kowalski, J. C. Gallagher, M. Plum, Subir Sarkar, Jan Weldert, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, A. Kyriacou, Gerrit Wrede, K. Meagher, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, Thomas Huber, Allan Hallgren, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, Yang Lyu, Elisa Bernardini, J. Auffenberg, Chunfai Tung, J. Becker Tjus, J. Felde, J. Buscher, D. Rysewyk Cantu, Jenni Adams, P. Peiffer, Joshua Hignight, Timo Sturwald, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, K. Wiebe, Steven Robertson, R. G. Stokstad, Segev BenZvi, Shefali Shefali, Spencer Klein, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Kara Hoffman, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Giorgio Maggi, Matthias Vraeghe, C. De Clercq, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, David A. Williams, Xianwu Xu, Robert Stein, J. Sandroos, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, C. Bohm, J. Kim, Daniel Bindig, K. D. de Vries, N. Kulacz, Brian Clark, Chad Finley, Christoph Tönnis, Pranav Dave, M. Günder, T. Stezelberger, G. H. Collin, Sarah Mancina, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Kayla Leonard, Steve Sclafani, Jan Soedingrekso, Francis Halzen, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, I. Ansseau, G. Krückl, Juliana Stachurska, Alejandro Diaz, Pablo Correa, H. Dembinski, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, David Kappesser, R. Hellauer, Matti Jansson, T. Palczewski, Sebastian Böser, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, T. Kittler, B. Eberhardt, M. E. Huber, Marcos Santander, L. Gerhardt, A. Olivas, M. J. Larson, Wing Yan Ma, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, F. McNally, A. Stößl, Reina H. Maruyama, Summer Blot, F. Jonske, L. Schumacher, F. Huang, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Austin Schneider, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, D. F. Cowen, U. Naumann, E. Unger, A. O'Murchadha, Max Renschler, D. J. Koskinen, E. Bourbeau, Spencer Griswold, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, J. Stettner, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, N. van Eijndhoven, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino astronomy, High energy astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, COSMIC-RAYS, CRAB-NEBULA, Crab Nebula, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, GALACTIC SOURCES, DISCOVERY, Physique des particules élémentaires, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, Lepton
Abstract: Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are the main gamma-ray emitters in the Galactic plane. They are diffuse nebulae that emit nonthermal radiation. Pulsar winds, relativistic magnetized outflows from the central star, shocked in the ambient medium produce a multiwavelength emission from the radio through gamma-rays. Although the leptonic scenario is able to explain most PWNe emission, a hadronic contribution cannot be excluded. A possible hadronic contribution to the high-energy gamma-ray emission inevitably leads to the production of neutrinos. Using 9.5 yr of all-sky IceCube data, we report results from a stacking analysis to search for neutrino emission from 35 PWNe that are high-energy gamma-ray emitters. In the absence of any significant correlation, we set upper limits on the total neutrino emission from those PWNe and constraints on hadronic spectral components., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

30. In-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge response of the IceCube photomultiplier tubes

Author: M.G. Aartsen, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J.A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, C. Alispach, K. Andeen, T. Anderson, I. Ansseau, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, J. Auffenberg, S. Axani, P. Backes, H. Bagherpour, X. Bai, A. Balagopal V., A. Barbano, S.W. Barwick, B. Bastian, V. Baum, S. Baur, R. Bay, J.J. Beatty, K.-H. Becker, J. Becker Tjus, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D.Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, S. Blot, C. Bohm, M. Börner, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, E. Bourbeau, J. Bourbeau, F. Bradascio, J. Braun, S. Bron, J. Brostean-Kaiser, A. Burgman, J. Buscher, R.S. Busse, T. Carver, C. Chen, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, S. Choi, K. Clark, L. Classen, A. Coleman, G.H. Collin, J.M. Conrad, P. Coppin, P. Correa, D.F. Cowen, R. Cross, P. Dave, C. De Clercq, J.J. DeLaunay, H. Dembinski, K. Deoskar, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K.D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, A. Diaz, J.C. Díaz-Vélez, H. Dujmovic, M. Dunkman, E. Dvorak, B. Eberhardt, T. Ehrhardt, P. Eller, R. Engel, P.A. Evenson, S. Fahey, A.R. Fazely, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, D. Fox, A. Franckowiak, E. Friedman, A. Fritz, T.K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, E. Ganster, S. Garrappa, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, T. Glauch, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J.G. Gonzalez, D. Grant, Z. Griffith, S. Griswold, M. Günder, M. Gündüz, C. Haack, A. Hallgren, L. Halve, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, A. Haungs, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, P. Heix, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, F. Henningsen, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G.C. Hill, K.D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, T. Hoinka, B. Hokanson-Fasig, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. Huber, T. Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, S. In, N. Iovine, A. Ishihara, G.S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, K. Jero, B.J.P. Jones, F. Jonske, R. Joppe, D. Kang, W. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, U. Katz, M. Kauer, J.L. Kelley, A. Kheirandish, J. Kim, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, T. Kittler, S.R. Klein, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D.J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, G. Krückl, N. Kulacz, N. Kurahashi, A. Kyriacou, M. Labare, J.L. Lanfranchi, M.J. Larson, F. Lauber, J.P. Lazar, K. Leonard, A. Leszczyńska, M. Leuermann, Q.R. Liu, E. Lohfink, C.J. Lozano Mariscal, L. Lu, F. Lucarelli, J. Lünemann, W. Luszczak, Y. Lyu, W.Y. Ma, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, K.B.M. Mahn, Y. Makino, P. Mallik, K. Mallot, S. Mancina, I.C. Mariş, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, R. Maunu, F. McNally, K. Meagher, M. Medici, A. Medina, M. Meier, S. Meighen-Berger, T. Menne, G. Merino, T. Meures, J. Micallef, D. Mockler, G. Momenté, T. Montaruli, R.W. Moore, R. Morse, M. Moulai, P. Muth, R. Nagai, U. Naumann, G. Neer, H. Niederhausen, M.U. Nisa, S.C. Nowicki, D.R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, M. Oehler, A. Olivas, A. O'Murchadha, E. O'Sullivan, T. Palczewski, H. Pandya, D.V. Pankova, N. Park, P. Peiffer, C. Pérez de los Heros, S. Philippen, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, A. Porcelli, P.B. Price, G.T. Przybylski, C. Raab, A. Raissi, M. Rameez, L. Rauch, K. Rawlins, I.C. Rea, R. Reimann, B. Relethford, M. Renschler, G. Renzi, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Robertson, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, D. Rysewyk, I. Safa, S.E. Sanchez Herrera, A. Sandrock, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, M. Schaufel, H. Schieler, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, A. Schneider, J. Schneider, F.G. Schröder, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, S. Shefali, M. Silva, R. Snihur, J. Soedingrekso, D. Soldin, M. Song, G.M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, J. Stachurska, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, R. Stein, P. Steinmüller, J. Stettner, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, R.G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, N.L. Strotjohann, T. Stürwald, T. Stuttard, G.W. Sullivan, I. Taboada, F. Tenholt, S. Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, S. Tilav, K. Tollefson, L. Tomankova, C. Tönnis, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, A. Trettin, M. Tselengidou, C.F. Tung, A. Turcati, R. Turcotte, C.F. Turley, B. Ty, E. Unger, M.A. Unland Elorrieta, M. Usner, J. Vandenbroucke, W. Van Driessche, D. van Eijk, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Vanheule, J. van Santen, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, A. Wallace, M. Wallraff, N. Wandkowsky, T.B. Watson, C. Weaver, A. Weindl, M.J. Weiss, J. Weldert, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, B.J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C.H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D.R. Williams, L. Wills, M. Wolf, J. Wood, T.R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, G. Wrede, D.L. Xu, X.W. Xu, Y. Xu, J.P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, T. Yuan, M. Zöcklein, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: electron, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, 01 natural sciences, charge distribution, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, IceCube, 0302 clinical medicine, DESIGN, charge, emission, (photomultipliers, Instrumentation, Photon detectors for UV, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Charge density, calibration [photomultiplier], Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), photomultiplier: calibration, Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc), Neutrino detector, HPDs, Physique des particules élémentaires, Neutrino, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, others), photoelectron, Photomultiplier, data analysis method, pulse formation, Visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers, HPDs, others), FOS: Physical sciences, Particle detector, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, 03 medical and health sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers, ddc:610, etc), multiplication and induction, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, PERFORMANCE, visible and IR photons (vacuum), charge transport, Physics and Astronomy, electron emission, transport, business
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 15(06), P06032 (2020). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/15/06/P06032, We describe an improved in-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge distributions for each of the in-ice Hamamatsu Photonics R7081-02[MOD] photomultiplier tubes in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The characterization of the individual PMT charge distributions is important for PMT calibration, data and Monte Carlo simulation agreement, and understanding the effect of hardware differences within the detector. We discuss the single photoelectron identification procedure and how we extract the single-photoelectron charge distribution using a deconvolution of the multiple-photoelectron charge distribution., Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2020

31. A search for neutrino point-source populations in 7 yr of icecube data with neutrino-count statistics

Author: Collaboration, I, Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Alispach, C, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Argüelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Backes, P, Bagherpour, H, Bai, X, V, AB, Barbano, A, Barwick, SW, Bastian, B, Baum, V, Baur, S, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker, K-H, Tjus, JB, BenZvi, S, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Böser, S, Botner, O, Böttcher, J, Bourbeau, E, Bourbeau, J, Bradascio, F, Braun, J, Bron, S, Brostean-Kaiser, J, Burgman, A, Buscher, J, Busse, RS, Carver, T, Chen, C, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Choi, S, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coleman, A, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Coppin, P, Correa, P, Cowen, DF, Cross, R, Dave, P, Clercq, CD, DeLaunay, JJ, Dembinski, H, Deoskar, K, Ridder, SD, Desiati, P, Vries, KDD, Wasseige, GD, With, MD, DeYoung, T, Diaz, A, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dujmovic, H, Dunkman, M, Dvorak, E, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eller, P, Engel, R, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Franckowiak, A, Friedman, E, Fritz, A, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Ganster, E, Garrappa, S, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Glauch, T, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Gonzalez, JG, Grant, D, Griffith, Z, Griswold, S, Günder, M, Gündüz, M, Haack, C, Hallgren, A, Halve, L, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Haungs, A, Hebecker, D, Heereman, D, Heix, P, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Henningsen, F, Hickford, S, Hignight, J, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Hoffmann, R, Hoinka, T, Hokanson-Fasig, B, Hoshina, K, Huang, F, Huber, M, Huber, T, Hultqvist, K, Hünnefeld, M, Hussain, R, In, S, Iovine, N, Ishihara, A, Japaridze, GS, Jeong, M, Jero, K, Jones, BJP, Jonske, F, Joppe, R, Kang, D, Kang, W, Kappes, A, Kappesser, D, Karg, T, Karl, M, Karle, A, Katz, U, Kauer, M, Kelley, JL, Kheirandish, A, Kim, J, Kintscher, T, Kiryluk, J, Kittler, T, Klein, SR, Koirala, R, Kolanoski, H, Köpke, L, Kopper, C, Kopper, S, Koskinen, DJ, Kowalski, M, Krings, K, Krückl, G, Kulacz, N, Kurahashi, N, Kyriacou, A, Labare, M, Lanfranchi, JL, Larson, MJ, Lauber, F, Lazar, JP, Leonard, K, Leszczyńska, A, Leuermann, M, Liu, QR, Lohfink, E, Mariscal, CJL, Lu, L, Lucarelli, F, Lünemann, J, Luszczak, W, Lyu, Y, Ma, WY, Madsen, J, Maggi, G, Mahn, KBM, Makino, Y, Mallik, P, Mallot, K, Mancina, S, Mariş, IC, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Maunu, R, McNally, F, Meagher, K, Medici, M, Medina, A, Meier, M, Meighen-Berger, S, Menne, T, Merino, G, Meures, T, Micallef, J, Mockler, D, Momenté, G, Montaruli, T, Moore, RW, Morse, R, Moulai, M, Muth, P, Nagai, R, Naumann, U, Neer, G, Niederhausen, H, Nowicki, SC, Nygren, DR, Pollmann, AO, Oehler, M, Olivas, A, O'Murchadha, A, O'Sullivan, E, Palczewski, T, Pandya, H, Pankova, DV, Park, N, Peiffer, P, Heros, CPDL, Philippen, S, Pieloth, D, Pinat, E, Pizzuto, A, Plum, M, Porcelli, A, Price, PB, Przybylski, GT, Raab, C, Raissi, A, Rameez, M, Rauch, L, Rawlins, K, Rea, IC, Reimann, R, Relethford, B, Renschler, M, Renzi, G, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Richman, M, Robertson, S, Rodd, NL, Rongen, M, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Ryckbosch, D, Rysewyk, D, Safa, I, Safdi, BR, Herrera, SES, Sandrock, A, Sandroos, J, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Satalecka, K, Schaufel, M, Schieler, H, Schlunder, P, Schmidt, T, Schneider, A, Schneider, J, Schröder, FG, Schumacher, L, Sclafani, S, Seckel, D, Seunarine, S, Shefali, S, Silva, M, Snihur, R, Soedingrekso, J, Soldin, D, Song, M, Spiczak, GM, Spiering, C, Stachurska, J, Stamatikos, M, Stanev, T, Stein, R, Steinmüller, P, Stettner, J, Steuer, A, Stezelberger, T, Stokstad, RG, Stößl, A, Strotjohann, NL, Stürwald, T, Stuttard, T, Sullivan, GW, Taboada, I, Tenholt, F, Ter-Antonyan, S, Terliuk, A, Tilav, S, Tollefson, K, Tomankova, L, Tönnis, C, Toscano, S, Tosi, D, Trettin, A, Tselengidou, M, Tung, CF, Turcati, A, Turcotte, R, Turley, CF, Ty, B, Unger, E, Elorrieta, MAU, Usner, M, Vandenbroucke, J, Driessche, WV, Eijk, DV, Eijndhoven, NV, Vanheule, S, Santen, JV, Vraeghe, M, Walck, C, Wallace, A, Wallraff, M, Wandkowsky, N, Watson, TB, Weaver, C, Weindl, A, Weiss, MJ, Weldert, J, Wendt, C, Werthebach, J, Whelan, BJ, Whitehorn, N, Wiebe, K, Wiebusch, CH, Wille, L, Williams, DR, Wills, L, Wolf, M, Wood, J, Wood, TR, Woschnagg, K, Wrede, G, Xu, DL, Xu, XW, Xu, Y, Yanez, JP, Yodh, G, Yoshida, S, Yuan, T, Zöcklein, M, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: experimental methods, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Poisson distribution, 01 natural sciences, neutrino: flux, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Statistics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, education.field_of_study, energy: high, ASTRONOMY, Poisson, Neutrino astronomy, statistics, symbols, Physique des particules élémentaires, high [energy], FLUCTUATION ANALYSIS, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, PARTICLE, Astrostatistics distributions, High energy astrophysics, Point source, media_common.quotation_subject, Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Bayesian statistics, symbols.namesake, Astrostatistics, 0103 physical sciences, distribution function, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, hep-ex, bubble, Astronomy and Astrophysics, flux [neutrino], Physics and Astronomy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, ddc:520, Neutrino telescopes, EMISSION, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Posterior distribution
Abstract: The presence of a population of point sources in a data set modifies the underlying neutrino-count statistics from the Poisson distribution. This deviation can be exactly quantified using the non-Poissonian template fitting technique, and in this work we present the first application of this approach to the IceCube high-energy neutrino data set. Using this method, we search in 7 yr of IceCube data for point-source populations correlated with the disk of the Milky Way, the Fermi bubbles, the Schlegel, Finkbeiner, and Davis dust map, or with the isotropic extragalactic sky. No evidence for such a population is found in the data using this technique, and in the absence of a signal, we establish constraints on population models with source-count distribution functions that can be described by a power law with a single break. The derived limits can be interpreted in the context of many possible source classes. In order to enhance the flexibility of the results, we publish the full posterior from our analysis, which can be used to establish limits on specific population models that would contribute to the observed IceCube neutrino flux., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
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32. Search for PeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Southern Hemisphere with 5 Years of Data from the IceCube Observatory

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Anton, G., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Hallgren, A., Haack, C., Halve, L., Argüelles, C., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Auffenberg, J., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Hoinka, T., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Axani, S., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Backes, P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Bagherpour, H., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Bai, X., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Balagopal, A., V., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Barbano, A., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Barwick, S. W., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Adams, J., Bastian, B., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Baum, V., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Baur, S., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Bay, R., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Beatty, J. J., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Becker, K.-H., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Becker Tjus, J., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., BenZvi, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Berley, D., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Bernardini, E., Steinmüller, P., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Aguilar, J. A., Besson, D. Z., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Binder, G., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Bindig, D., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Santen, J., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Blaufuss, E., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Blot, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Bohm, C., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., IceCube Collaboration, Börner, M., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Ahlers, M., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Ahrens, M., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Alispach, C., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., Andeen, K., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Anderson, T., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, A., Ansseau, I., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ice, magnetic field, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, power spectrum, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, GALACTIC PLANE, neutrino, surface [detector], Observatory, HESS, propagation, flux [gamma ray], energy [muon], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, energy spectrum [gamma ray], Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, photon, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cascade, observatory, Content (measure theory), Physique des particules élémentaires, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [showers], data analysis method, noise, air, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, GLAST, surface [IceCube], emission [gamma ray], 0103 physical sciences, spectrum [cosmic radiation], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Muon, COMPLEX, background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, sensitivity, Air shower, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, DISCOVERY, ddc:520, galaxy [cosmic radiation], flux [cosmic radiation], statistical
Abstract: The measurement of diffuse PeV gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane would provide information about the energy spectrum and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays, and the detection of a pointlike source of PeV gamma-rays would be strong evidence for a Galactic source capable of accelerating cosmic rays up to at least a few PeV. This paper presents several unbinned maximum-likelihood searches for PeV gamma-rays in the Southern Hemisphere using 5 yr of data from the IceTop air shower surface detector and the in-ice array of the IceCube Observatory. The combination of both detectors takes advantage of the low muon content and deep shower maximum of gamma-ray air showers and provides excellent sensitivity to gamma-rays between ∼0.6 and 100 PeV. Our measurements of pointlike and diffuse Galactic emission of PeV gamma-rays are consistent with the background, so we constrain the angle-integrated diffuse gamma-ray flux from the Galactic plane at 2 PeV to 2.61 × 10-19 cm-2 s-1 TeV-1 at 90% confidence, assuming an E -3 spectrum, and we estimate 90% upper limits on pointlike emission at 2 PeV between 10-21 and 10-20 cm-2 s-1 TeV-1 for an E -2 spectrum, depending on decl. Furthermore, we exclude unbroken power-law emission up to 2 PeV for several TeV gamma-ray sources observed by the High Energy Spectroscopic System and calculate upper limits on the energy cutoffs of these sources at 90% confidence. We also find no PeV gamma-rays correlated with neutrinos from IceCube's high-energy starting event sample. These are currently the strongest constraints on PeV gamma-ray emission., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
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33. How many bird and mammal extinctions has recent conservation action prevented?

Author: Thomas M. Brooks, Ana S. L. Rodrigues, Ella Vázquez-Domínguez, Nicolette S. Roach, Diana O. Fisher, Tracey J. Regan, Friederike C. Bolam, Rosalind J. Kennerley, Matthew F. Child, Richard P. Young, Christopher N. Johnson, Louise Mair, Alexander C. Lees, John F. Lamoreux, Malin C. Rivers, Piero Visconti, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Philip J. K. McGowan, Hannah Wheatley, Jim J. Groombridge, Luis Miguel Renjifo, Claudia Hermes, Rob W. Martin, Birgit Fessl, Peter A. Cranswick, Mark A. Burgman, James R.S. Westrip, Javier Calzada, Tom Squires, Luc Lens, Stephen T. Garnett, David P. Mallon, Paul Salaman, Michael R. Hoffmann, Erik Meijaard, Marco Angelico, Sarah R. B. King, Federico Méndez-Sánchez, John C. Z. Woinarski, Alexandre Reis Percequillo, Carlo Rondinini, Chris R. Dickman, R. J. Safford, Lizanne Roxburgh, Simon P. Mahood, Yuliana Bedolla-Guzmán, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, IMPACT, Biodiversity, Delphi method, extinction risk, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Delphi, IUCN Red List, Convention on Biological Diversity, 14. Life underwater, Aichi biodiversity target 12, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Extinction, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, species conservation, PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL, Biology and Life Sciences, social sciences, 15. Life on land, musculoskeletal system, humanities, Geography, Action (philosophy), Threatened species, method, Mammal, geographic locations
Abstract: Aichi Target 12 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) contains the aim to ‘prevent extinctions of known threatened species’. To measure the degree to which this was achieved, we used expert elicitation to estimate the number of bird and mammal species whose extinctions were prevented by conservation action in 1993–2020 (the lifetime of the CBD) and 2010–2020 (the timing of Aichi Target 12). We found that conservation action prevented 21–32 bird and 7–16 mammal extinctions since 1993, and 9–18 bird and two to seven mammal extinctions since 2010. Many remain highly threatened and may still become extinct. Considering that 10 bird and five mammal species did go extinct (or are strongly suspected to) since 1993, extinction rates would have been 2.9–4.2 times greater without conservation action. While policy commitments have fostered significant conservation achievements, future biodiversity action needs to be scaled up to avert additional extinctions.
Published: 2020
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34. Characteristics of the diffuse astrophysical electron and Tau neutrino flux with six years of IceCube high energy cascade data

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Anton, G., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Argüelles, C., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Auffenberg, J., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Axani, S., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Backes, P., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Bagherpour, H., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Bai, X., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Balagopal, A., V., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leszczyńska, A., Barbano, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Barwick, S. W., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Adams, J., Bastian, B., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Baum, V., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Baur, S., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Bay, R., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Beatty, J. J., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Becker, K.-H., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Becker Tjus, J., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., BenZvi, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Berley, D., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Bernardini, E., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Aguilar, J. A., Besson, D. Z., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, Andrii, Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Binder, G., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Bindig, D., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, Marcel, Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Santen, Jakob van, Verpoest, S., Blaufuss, E., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Blot, S., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Bohm, C., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Böser, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., IceCube Collaboration, Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Ahlers, M., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Ahrens, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Alispach, C., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., Andeen, K., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Anderson, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, Anna, Ansseau, I., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, power spectrum, flux [electron], energy [particle], 01 natural sciences, IceCube, Nuclear physics, 5/3, Tau neutrino, muon, 0103 physical sciences, low [energy], Muon neutrino, ddc:530, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, SPECTRUM, Spectral index, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, flavor [neutrino], RAYS, flux [neutrino], acceleration, showers, oscillation, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Energy cascade, Physique des particules élémentaires, astro-ph.CO, high [energy], cascade [energy], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report on the first measurement of the astrophysical neutrino flux using particle showers (cascades) in IceCube data from 2010-2015. Assuming standard oscillations, the astrophysical neutrinos in this dedicated cascade sample are dominated (∼90%) by electron and tau flavors. The flux, observed in the sensitive energy range from 16 TeV to 2.6 PeV, is consistent with a single power-law model as expected from Fermi-type acceleration of high energy particles at astrophysical sources. We find the flux spectral index to be γ=2.53±0.07 and a flux normalization for each neutrino flavor of φastro=1.66-0.27+0.25 at E0=100 TeV, in agreement with IceCube's complementary muon neutrino results and with all-neutrino flavor fit results. In the measured energy range we reject spectral indices γ≤2.28 at ≥3σ significance level. Because of high neutrino energy resolution and low atmospheric neutrino backgrounds, this analysis provides the most detailed characterization of the neutrino flux at energies below ∼100 TeV compared to previous IceCube results. Results from fits assuming more complex neutrino flux models suggest a flux softening at high energies and a flux hardening at low energies (p value ≥0.06). The sizable and smooth flux measured below ∼100 TeV remains a puzzle. In order to not violate the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background as measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, it suggests the existence of astrophysical neutrino sources characterized by dense environments which are opaque to gamma rays., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

35. Ensuring tests of conservation interventions build on existing literature

Author: Marc W. Cadotte, Mark A. Burgman, David L. Hawksworth, Ming Lun Lu, William J. Sutherland, Jennifer S. Powers, Keith A. Hobson, Mark W. Schwartz, Marco Mangiacotti, Sanjay Molur, Alexander P.E. van Oudenhoven, Edward T. Game, Eileen C. Rees, Philip W. Atkinson, Keping Ma, Vincent Devictor, Antonio Machado, Olivia Bragg, Sergio Ticul Álvarez-Castañeda, Roberto Ambrosini, Giuseppe Bogliani, John M. Baxter, Martin Fisher, Jos Barlow, John G. Ewen, Brendan J. Godley, Berta Martín-López, Dirk Maes, Tatsuya Amano, Steven J. Cooke, Richard T. Corlett, Victoria Melfi, Mike Calver, Alexander L. Bond, Philip J. Boon, Dominic J. McCafferty, Allen J. Moore, Ilse Storch, Ian R. Hartley, Darren Norris, Guy Freeman, Stephen D. Murphy, Katherine L. Buchanan, Claire F. R. Wordley, Christian Gortázar, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sutherland, William J [0000-0002-6498-0437], Bond, Alexander L [0000-0003-2125-7238], Ma, Keping [0000-0001-9112-5340], van Oudenhoven, Alexander PE [0000-0002-3258-2565], Schwartz, Mark W [0000-0002-3739-6542], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Biodiversity & Conservation, 05 Environmental Sciences, Psychological intervention, MEDLINE, Library science, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Sustainability Science, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sociology, SELF-CITATION, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Science & Technology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 06 Biological Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity Conservation, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Sutherland, W.J., Alvarez‐Castaneda, S.T., Amano, T., Ambrosini, R., Atkinson, P., Baxter, J.M., Bond, A.L., Boon, P.J., Buchanan, K.L., Barlow, J., Bogliani, G., Bragg, O.M., Burgman, M., Cadotte, M.W., Calver, M., Cooke, S.J., Corlett, R.T., Devictor, V., Ewen, J.G., Fisher, M., Freeman, G., Game, E., Godley, B.J., Gortazar, C., Hartley, I.R., Hawksworth, D.L., Hobson, K.A., Lu, M.‐L., Martin‐Lopez, B., Ma, K., Machado, A., Maes, D., Mangiacotti, M., McCafferty, D.J., Melfi, V., Molur, S., Moore, A.J., Murphy, S.D., Norris, D., van Oudenhoven, A.P., Powers, J., Rees, E.C., Schwartz, M.W., Storch, I. and Wordley, C. (2020), Ensuring tests of conservation interventions build on existing literature. Conservation Biology, 34: 781-783, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13555. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. The attached file is the final approved author manuscript version, you are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it.
Published: 2020

36. Development of an analysis to probe the neutrino mass ordering with atmospheric neutrinos using three years of IceCube DeepCore data IceCube Collaboration

Author: M. G. Aartsen, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, C. Alispach, K. Andeen, T. Anderson, I. Ansseau, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, J. Auffenberg, S. Axani, P. Backes, H. Bagherpour, X. Bai, A. Barbano, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, K.-H. Becker, J. Becker Tjus, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, S. Blot, C. Bohm, M. Börner, S. Böser, O. Botner, E. Bourbeau, J. Bourbeau, F. Bradascio, J. Braun, H.-P. Bretz, S. Bron, J. Brostean-Kaiser, A. Burgman, R. S. Busse, T. Carver, C. Chen, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, K. Clark, L. Classen, G. H. Collin, J. M. Conrad, P. Coppin, P. Correa, D. F. Cowen, R. Cross, P. Dave, J. P. A. M. de André, C. De Clercq, J. J. DeLaunay, H. Dembinski, K. Deoskar, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, A. Diaz, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, H. Dujmovic, M. Dunkman, E. Dvorak, B. Eberhardt, T. Ehrhardt, B. Eichmann, P. Eller, J. J. Evans, P. A. Evenson, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, A. Franckowiak, E. Friedman, A. Fritz, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, E. Ganster, S. Garrappa, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, T. Glauch, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J. G. Gonzalez, D. Grant, Z. Griffith, M. Günder, M. Gündüz, C. Haack, A. Hallgren, L. Halve, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, F. Henningsen, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, T. Hoinka, B. Hokanson-Fasig, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, S. In, N. Iovine, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, G. S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, K. Jero, B. J. P. Jones, W. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, U. Katz, M. Kauer, J. L. Kelley, A. Kheirandish, J. Kim, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, T. Kittler, S. R. Klein, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, G. Krückl, N. Kulacz, S. Kunwar, N. Kurahashi, A. Kyriacou, M. Labare, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, F. Lauber, J. P. Lazar, K. Leonard, M. Leuermann, Q. R. Liu, E. Lohfink, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, L. Lu, F. Lucarelli, J. Lünemann, W. Luszczak, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, K. B. M. Mahn, Y. Makino, K. Mallot, S. Mancina, I. C. Mariş, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, R. Maunu, K. Meagher, M. Medici, A. Medina, M. Meier, S. Meighen-Berger, T. Menne, G. Merino, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, J. Micallef, G. Momenté, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, M. Moulai, R. Nagai, R. Nahnhauer, P. Nakarmi, U. Naumann, G. Neer, H. Niederhausen, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, A. Olivas, A. O’Murchadha, E. O’Sullivan, T. Palczewski, H. Pandya, D. V. Pankova, N. Park, P. Peiffer, C. Pérez de los Heros, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, C. Raab, A. Raissi, M. Rameez, L. Rauch, K. Rawlins, I. C. Rea, R. Reimann, B. Relethford, G. Renzi, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Robertson, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, D. Rysewyk, I. Safa, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, A. Sandrock, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, M. Schaufel, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, A. Schneider, J. Schneider, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, M. Silva, R. Snihur, J. Soedingrekso, D. Soldin, S. Söldner-Rembold, M. Song, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, J. Stachurska, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, A. Stasik, R. Stein, J. Stettner, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, N. L. Strotjohann, T. Stuttard, G. W. Sullivan, M. Sutherland, I. Taboada, F. Tenholt, S. Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, S. Tilav, L. Tomankova, C. Tönnis, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, M. Tselengidou, C. F. Tung, A. Turcati, R. Turcotte, C. F. Turley, B. Ty, E. Unger, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, M. Usner, J. Vandenbroucke, W. Van Driessche, D. van Eijk, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Vanheule, J. van Santen, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, A. Wallace, M. Wallraff, N. Wandkowsky, T. B. Watson, C. Weaver, M. J. Weiss, J. Weldert, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D. R. Williams, L. Wills, M. Wolf, J. Wood, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, G. Wrede, S. Wren, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Y. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, T. Yuan, and Collaboration, IceCube
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Sensitive analysis, Type (model theory), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Subatomär fysik, Upgrade, 0103 physical sciences, Subatomic Physics, Physique des particules élémentaires, Development (differential geometry), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: The Neutrino Mass Ordering (NMO) remains one of the outstanding questions in the field of neutrino physics. One strategy to measure the NMO is to observe matter effects in the oscillation pattern of atmospheric neutrinos above ∼1GeV, as proposed for several next-generation neutrino experiments. Moreover, the existing IceCube DeepCore detector can already explore this type of measurement. We present the development and application of two independent analyses to search for the signature of the NMO with three years of DeepCore data. These analyses include a full treatment of systematic uncertainties and a statistically-rigorous method to determine the significance for the NMO from a fit to the data. Both analyses show that the dataset is fully compatible with both mass orderings. For the more sensitive analysis, we observe a preference for normal ordering with a p-value of pIO= 15.3 % and CL s= 53.3 % for the inverted ordering hypothesis, while the experimental results from both analyses are consistent within their uncertainties. Since the result is independent of the value of δCP and obtained from energies Eν≳5GeV, it is complementary to recent results from long-baseline experiments. These analyses set the groundwork for the future of this measurement with more capable detectors, such as the IceCube Upgrade and the proposed PINGU detector., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

37. Combined sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering with JUNO, the IceCube Upgrade, and PINGU

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Anton, G., Ganster, Erik, Garrappa, S., Gartner, A., Gerhardt, L., Gernhaeuser, R., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Argüelles, C., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, Christian, Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, Lasse Yannik, Halzen, F., Arlen, T. C., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, Patrick, Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Auffenberg, Jan, Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, B., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Axani, S., Huber, M., Huber, T., Huege, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Japaridze, G. S., Backes, P., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, Frederic, Joppe, Robert, Kalekin, O., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Bagherpour, H., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katori, T., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Bai, X., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Balagopal, A., Kowalski, M., Krauss, C. B., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Barbano, A., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Leuermann, Martin, Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., LoSecco, J., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Adams, J., Bartos, I., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, Pratush, Mallot, K., Barwick, S. W., Mancina, S., Mandalia, S., Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Bastian, B., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Baum, V., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Baur, S., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., O’Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Papp, L., Bay, R., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Petersen, T. C., Philippen, Saskia, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pinfold, J. L., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Beatty, J. J., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, René, Becker, K.-H., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riegel, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, Martin, Rott, C., Becker Tjus, J., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sandstrom, P., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., BenZvi, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, Merlin, Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, Lisa Johanna, Aguilar, J. A., Berley, D., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shaevitz, M. H., Shefali, Shefali, Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Söldner-Rembold, Stefan, Bernardini, E., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, Jöran Benjamin, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Besson, D. Z., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, Timo, Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Taketa, A., Tanaka, H. K. M., Tenholt, F., Binder, G., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Bindig, D., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, Ward, Blaufuss, E., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., van Santen, J., Veberic, D., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, Marius, Wandkowsky, N., Blot, S., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Bohm, C., Wiebusch, Christopher, Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wren, S., Bohmer, M., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, Marit, IceCube-Gen2 Collaboration, Bezerra, T. J. C., Böser, S., Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blum, D., Bongrand, M., Cabrera, A., Cheng, Y. P., Depnering, W., Dötterl, O., Enqvist, T., Enzmann, H., Genster, Christoph, Ahlers, M., Botner, O., Grassi, M., Göttel, Stefan, Hackspacher, P., Hagner, C., Han, Y., Heinz, T., Kampmann, P., Kuusiniemi, P., Lachenmaier, T., Loo, K., Böttcher, Jakob, Lorenz, S., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludhová, Livia, Malyshkin, Y., Meyhöfer, D., Miramonti, L., Müller, A., Oberauer, L. J. N., Pilarczyk, O., Rebber, H., Bourbeau, E., Sawatzki, J., Schever, Michaela, Schweizer, K., Settimo, M., Sirignano, C., Smirnov, M., Stahl, Achim, Steiger, H. T. J., Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, T., Bourbeau, J., Stock, M. R., Studenikin, A., Tietzsch, A., Trzaska, W. H., Viaud, B., Volpe, C., Wang, W., Wonsak, B. S., Wurm, M., Wysotzki, Christian, Bradascio, F., Xu, Yazhi, Ding, X., Yermia, F., JUNO Collaboration Members, Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Ahrens, M., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Alispach, C., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Andeen, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Anderson, T., DuVernois, M. A., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evans, J. J., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Farrag, K., Ansseau, I., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), IceCube-Gen2, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Alispach, Cyril Martin, Barbano, Anastasia, Bron, Stéphanie, Carver, Tessa, Lucarelli, Francesco, Montaruli, Teresa, Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNO, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, antineutrino/e: energy spectrum, Joint analysis, hiukkasfysiikka, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, String (physics), PINGU, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino: atmosphere, Subatomic Physics, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Particle Physics Experiments, neutrino: mass, physics.ins-det, Physics, JUNO, neutriinot, oscillation [neutrino], Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), massa (fysiikka), atmosphere [neutrino], tension, neutrino: nuclear reactor, mass difference [neutrino], ddc, Upgrade, Physique des particules élémentaires, nuclear reactor [neutrino], proposed experiment, Neutrino, performance, Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, neutrino: mass difference, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, IceCube: upgrade, OSCILLATIONS, ddc:530, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, energy spectrum [antineutrino/e], hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, sensitivity, Physics and Astronomy, mass [neutrino], string, upgrade [IceCube], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Reactor neutrino, neutrino: oscillation, MATTER
Abstract: Physical review / D 101(3), 032006 (1-19) (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.032006, The ordering of the neutrino mass eigenstates is one of the fundamental open questions in neutrino physics. While current-generation neutrino oscillation experiments are able to produce moderate indications on this ordering, upcoming experiments of the next generation aim to provide conclusive evidence. In this paper we study the combined performance of the two future multi-purpose neutrino oscillation experiments JUNO and the IceCube Upgrade, which employ two very distinct and complementary routes towards the neutrino mass ordering. The approach pursued by the $20\,\mathrm{kt}$ medium-baseline reactor neutrino experiment JUNO consists of a careful investigation of the energy spectrum of oscillated $\bar{\nu}_e$ produced by ten nuclear reactor cores. The IceCube Upgrade, on the other hand, which consists of seven additional densely instrumented strings deployed in the center of IceCube DeepCore, will observe large numbers of atmospheric neutrinos that have undergone oscillations affected by Earth matter. In a joint fit with both approaches, tension occurs between their preferred mass-squared differences $ \Delta m_{31}^{2}=m_{3}^{2}-m_{1}^{2} $ within the wrong mass ordering. In the case of JUNO and the IceCube Upgrade, this allows to exclude the wrong ordering at $>5\sigma$ on a timescale of 3--7 years --- even under circumstances that are unfavorable to the experiments' individual sensitivities. For PINGU, a 26-string detector array designed as a potential low-energy extension to IceCube, the inverted ordering could be excluded within 1.5 years (3 years for the normal ordering) in a joint analysis., Published by Inst.302363, Melville, NY
Published: 2020
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38. A search for time-dependent astrophysical neutrino emission with IceCube data from 2012 to 2017

Author: Alexander Trettin, J. C. Gallagher, Gerrit Wrede, Federica Bradascio, S. Tilav, K. Rawlins, Alexander Burgman, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, K. Helbing, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, J. P. Yanez, H. Dujmovic, D. Tosi, James Madsen, Lu Lu, P. Schlunder, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Won Nam Kang, D. Kang, Elisa Lohfink, X. Bai, I. Safa, A. Wallace, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, Juanan Aguilar, I. Taboada, Michael DuVernois, P. B. Price, Francesco Lucarelli, Merlin Schaufel, Michael O. Wolf, T. O. B. Schmidt, Sarah Mancina, Minjin Jeong, T. Glüsenkamp, Kurt Woschnagg, Simon Hauser, Paul Evenson, K. D. de Vries, Simone Garrappa, M. Meier, David Vannerom, Michael Campana, Dmitry Chirkin, Gerald Przybylski, Alexander Kappes, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, M. Ha Minh, Tobias Hoinka, R. Halliday, Antonio Augusto Alves Jr., A. Ishihara, K. Tollefson, A. Desai, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, M. Stamatikos, B. J. P. Jones, Thomas Ehrhardt, J. Kiryluk, Alexander Sandrock, Kendall Mahn, Gisela Anton, Karl J. Clark, K. Andeen, Christian Haack, C. Pérez de los Heros, Jan Soedingrekso, Frank G. Schröder, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, Andres Medina, Z. Griffith, A. Goldschmidt, George Japaridze, Saskia Philippen, Pablo Correa, D. Mockler, Simeon Reusch, Michael Kovacevich, Roger Moore, S. Yoshida, B. A. Clark, G. Krückl, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, D. Rysewyk Cantu, A. Obertacke Pollmann, U. Katz, K. Hoshina, D. Hebecker, J. Bourbeau, D. R. Nygren, Yang Lyu, Richard Naab, Grant Parker, Lenka Tomankova, Alejandro Diaz, N. van Eijndhoven, D. F. Cowen, Glenn Spiczak, Marek Kowalski, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Spencer Axani, Aaron Fienberg, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, M. Silva, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, E. O'Sullivan, Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, C. Alispach, Amirreza Raissi, Janet Conrad, Stephanie Bron, Felix Henningsen, M. J. Larson, Le Viet Nguyen, Emily Dvorak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, M. Prado Rodriguez, Pranav Dave, Carlos Arguelles, K. Wiebe, J. P. Lazar, Clara E. Hill, Erik Ganster, Shefali Shefali, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, A. Steuer, Chunfai Tung, D. B. Fox, Jessie Micallef, Chad Finley, Christoph Tönnis, Raamis Hussain, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Y. Popovych, K. Krings, Jenni Adams, K. Mase, Alexander A. Harnisch, S. Robertson, Joshua Hignight, R. Cross, Johannes Werthebach, Wing Yan Ma, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Simona Toscano, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, M. Plum, Y. Makino, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, M. J. Weiss, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, S. De Ridder, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, Matthias Vraeghe, Christian Glaser, Brandom Pries, S. Hickford, Paul Coppin, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Xinyue Kang, Olga Botner, S. Kopper, J. Kim, René Reimann, Hermann Kolanoski, R. G. Stokstad, A. V. Balagopal, Andrea Turcati, J. Evans, C. De Clercq, Kael Hanson, U. Naumann, Claudio Kopper, A. Franckowiak, T. Stezelberger, Timo Karg, V. Baum, Leander Fischer, R. Joppe, Stef Verpoest, Jannis Necker, C. Lagunas Gualda, Chujie Chen, T. Gregoire, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, Subir Sarkar, K. Meagher, William Luszczak, P. Peiffer, Daniel Bindig, G. H. Collin, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, Johan Wulff, Timothyblake Watson, Paolo Desiati, C. Weaver, M. E. Huber, Sebastian Baur, Marcos Santander, Ramesh Koirala, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Alan Coleman, David A. Williams, J. van Santen, J. Stettner, L. Gerhardt, A. Olivas, Konstancja Satalecka, E. Blaufuss, Alex Pizzuto, Markus Ackermann, Theo Glauch, S. W. Barwick, Elisa Bernardini, A. Kyriacou, L. Classen, Gary Binder, D. van Eijk, Sebastian Böser, F. Huang, Gerrit Roellinghoff, J. Becker Tjus, Mark Weyrauch, Kayla Leonard, Y. L. Li, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, I. Ansseau, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, G. W. Sullivan, Max Renschler, James E. Braun, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, E. Bourbeau, David Kappesser, Matti Jansson, N. Kurahashi, Spencer Griswold, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Philipp Furst, Mehmet Gunduz, G. de Wasseige, R. Hoffmann, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Tim Ruhe, Austin Schneider, A. Ludwig, H. Niederhausen, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Ken'ichi Kin, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, F. McNally, Emma C. Hettinger, Reina H. Maruyama, Summer Blot, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, Kara Hoffman, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, T. Anderson, John Hardin, Chiara Bellenghi, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Ben Smithers, M. U. Nisa, L. Köpke, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Haungs, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Justin Lanfranchi, Christian Spiering, Justin Vandenbroucke, S. C. Nowicki, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, Thomas Stuttard, Sarah Pieper, Dirk Ryckbosch, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Martin Rongen, Zhedong Zhang, Ava Ghadimi, Franziska Tischbein, P. Mallik, P. Eller, Colin Turley, R. S. Busse, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, A. Karle, Ioana Codrina Maris, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Giovanni Renzi, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, model [emission], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, blazar, law, emission [gamma ray], 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic ray sources, High-energy astrophysics, Particle astrophysics, energy: high [neutrino], Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Astroparticle physics, Physics, background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, messenger, observatory, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, time dependence, acceleration [cosmic radiation], Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract: High-energy neutrinos are unique messengers of the high-energy universe, tracing the processes of cosmic ray acceleration. This paper presents analyses focusing on time-dependent neutrino point-source searches. A scan of the whole sky, making no prior assumption about source candidates, is performed, looking for a space and time clustering of high-energy neutrinos in data collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory between 2012 and 2017. No statistically significant evidence for a time-dependent neutrino signal is found with this search during this period, as all results are consistent with the background expectation. Within this study period, the blazar 3C 279, showed strong variability, inducing a very prominent gamma-ray flare observed in 2015 June. This event motivated a dedicated study of the blazar, which consists of searching for a time-dependent neutrino signal correlated with the gamma-ray emission. No evidence for a time-dependent signal is found. Hence, an upper limit on the neutrino fluence is derived, allowing us to constrain a hadronic emission model.
Published: 2020

39. A Search for MeV to TeV Neutrinos from Fast Radio Bursts with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Anton, G., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Argüelles, C., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Auffenberg, J., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Axani, S., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Backes, P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Bagherpour, H., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Bai, X., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Balagopal, A., V., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Barbano, A., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Barwick, S. W., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Adams, J., Bastian, B., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Baum, V., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Baur, S., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Bay, R., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Beatty, J. J., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, Franz Ludwig, Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Becker, K.-H., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Becker Tjus, J., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., BenZvi, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Berley, D., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, Robert, Bernardini, E., Steinmüller, P., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Aguilar, J. A., Besson, D. Z., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Binder, G., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, Marcel, Bindig, D., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., Santen, Jakob van, Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Blaufuss, E., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Blot, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Bohm, C., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., IceCube Collaboration, Börner, M., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Ahlers, M., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Ahrens, M., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Alispach, C., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., Andeen, K., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Anderson, T., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, Anna, Ansseau, I., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Scale (descriptive set theory), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, detector [neutrino], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, radio wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, flux [neutrino], Temporal correlation, Space and Planetary Science, correlation, Physique des particules élémentaires, high [energy], ddc:520, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, burst, Order of magnitude
Abstract: The astrophysical journal 890(2), 111 (2020). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab564b, We present two searches for IceCube neutrino events coincident with 28 fast radio bursts (FRBs) and one repeating FRB. The first improves upon a previous IceCube analysis -- searching for spatial and temporal correlation of events with FRBs at energies greater than roughly 50 GeV -- by increasing the effective area by an order of magnitude. The second is a search for temporal correlation of MeV neutrino events with FRBs. No significant correlation is found in either search, therefore, we set upper limits on the time-integrated neutrino flux emitted by FRBs for a range of emission timescales less than one day. These are the first limits on FRB neutrino emission at the MeV scale, and the limits set at higher energies are an order-of-magnitude improvement over those set by any neutrino telescope., Published by Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
Published: 2020
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40. A Search for IceCube Events in the Direction of ANITA Neutrino Candidates

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Arg��elles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., B��ser, S., Botner, O., B��ttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., D��az-V��lez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Gl��senkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Gr��goire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., G��nder, M., G��nd��z, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., H��nnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., K��pke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kr��ckl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczy��ska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., L��nemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mari��, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Moment��, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. P��rez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schr��der, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., St��l, A., Strotjohann, N. L., St��rwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., T��nnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Z��cklein, M., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Tau neutrino, 0103 physical sciences, TRACK RECONSTRUCTION, Source spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Isotropy, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, hep-ph, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Air shower, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Event (particle physics)
Abstract: During the first three flights of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment, the collaboration detected several neutrino candidates. Two of these candidate events were consistent with an ultra-high-energy up-going air shower and compatible with a tau neutrino interpretation. A third neutrino candidate event was detected in a search for Askaryan radiation in the Antarctic ice, although it is also consistent with the background expectation. The inferred emergence angle of the first two events is in tension with IceCube and ANITA limits on isotropic cosmogenic neutrino fluxes. Here, we test the hypothesis that these events are astrophysical in origin, possibly caused by a point source in the reconstructed direction. Given that any ultra-high-energy tau neutrino flux traversing the Earth should be accompanied by a secondary flux in the TeV-PeV range, we search for these secondary counterparts in seven years of IceCube data using three complementary approaches. In the absence of any significant detection, we set upper limits on the neutrino flux from potential point sources. We compare these limits to ANITA's sensitivity in the same direction and show that an astrophysical explanation of these anomalous events under standard model assumptions is severely constrained regardless of source spectrum or time profile.
Published: 2020

41. Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data

Author: A. O'Murchadha, D. J. Koskinen, Timothyblake Watson, Timo Karg, A. Kyriacou, E. Bourbeau, R. Maunu, C. Pérez de los Heros, T. Menne, Matthias Vraeghe, Maria Tselengidou, E. O’Sullivan, B. Relethford, J. Auffenberg, Raffaela Busse, D. Soldin, K. Rawlins, Claudio Kopper, J. Becker Tjus, Konstancja Satalecka, Subir Sarkar, Z. Griffith, Theo Glauch, R. Hellauer, K. Mallot, B. J. P. Jones, U. Katz, Minjin Jeong, James W. Wood, James Madsen, Thomas Meures, K. Hoshina, M. E. Huber, P. B. Price, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, N. L. Strotjohann, Segev BenZvi, Felix Henningsen, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, Lu Lu, Marcos Santander, R. Ström, Won Nam Kang, A. R. Fazely, H. Bagherpour, E. Pinat, P. Backes, X. Bai, D. van Eijk, Simona Toscano, D. F. Cowen, U. Naumann, K. D. de Vries, Spencer Klein, Andres Medina, Olga Botner, S. Tilav, E. Unger, L. Gerhardt, G. Neer, T. Kintscher, Francesco Lucarelli, Frederik Hermann Lauber, S. Hickford, A. Olivas, J. J. Beatty, Daniel Bindig, J. P. Yanez, N. Kulacz, G. H. Collin, Azadeh Keivani, T. Glüsenkamp, T. O. B. Schmidt, V. Baum, Teresa Montaruli, K. Jero, Tianlu Yuan, Sebastian Böser, C. Chen, Kara Hoffman, Kendall Mahn, K. Wiebe, J. Stettner, Hermann Kolanoski, A. Terliuk, S. Westerhoff, T. R. Wood, Justin Lanfranchi, R. Turcotte, K. Helbing, Yiqian Xu, Karl J. Clark, Matt Dunkman, Hrvoje Dujmovic, Sander Vanheule, Javier Gonzalez, L. Rauch, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Kurt Woschnagg, T. Kittler, G. W. Sullivan, Giorgio Maggi, James E. Braun, Alexander Sandrock, Thomas Ehrhardt, E. Cheung, Thomas Stuttard, H.-P. Bretz, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, M. Song, T. L. Carver, Mike Richman, Jochen M. Schneider, Paul Evenson, Hershal Pandya, C. De Clercq, Mirco Hunnefeld, Wolfgang Rhode, Dirk Ryckbosch, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Chunfai Tung, S. Yoshida, Elisa Bernardini, David A. Williams, Robert Stein, Lenka Tomankova, D. Hebecker, Karim Ghorbani, Spencer Axani, Simone Garrappa, Darren Grant, L. Wills, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, M. Stamatikos, D. Rysewyk, M. Silva, Kayla Leonard, M. J. Larson, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Dmitry Chirkin, Sarah Mancina, Sarah Nowicki, Alexander Kappes, N. Kurahashi, Jenni Adams, I. Taboada, P. Peiffer, Joshua Hignight, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Paul Coppin, Michael O. Wolf, P. Nakarmi, Carlos Arguelles, J. P. A. M. de André, N. van Eijndhoven, C. Haack, Delia Tosi, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Andrea Turcati, Jessie Micallef, A. Goldschmidt, Jung-Hyun Kim, Ibrahim Safa, Francis Halzen, P. Schlunder, G. de Wasseige, M. Wallraff, F. Huang, J. van Santen, A. Stößl, M. Börner, Steve Sclafani, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, W. Van Driessche, J. Kiryluk, Alex Pizzuto, Daria Pankova, R. Hoffmann, E. Friedman, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Gary Binder, Christian Spiering, D. R. Nygren, Reina H. Maruyama, I. Ansseau, K. Becker, Jan Soedingrekso, C. Walck, Marek Kowalski, Steven Robertson, Elisa Lohfink, K. Andeen, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Summer Blot, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, J. Bourbeau, E. Jacobi, R. G. Stokstad, R. Nahnhauer, Gisela Anton, A. Stasik, Justin Vandenbroucke, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, Emily Dvorak, L. Köpke, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Chad Finley, G. Krückl, L. Schumacher, Carsten Rott, Tim Ruhe, Colin Turley, C. Alispach, Seongjin In, Gerald Przybylski, Elisa Resconi, T. Anderson, M. G. Aartsen, Janet Conrad, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, Pablo Correa, H. Niederhausen, K. Mase, Yuya Makino, R. Cross, Xianwu Xu, Christoph Tönnis, J. Sandroos, Mehmet Gunduz, Johannes Werthebach, M. S. Sutherland, A. Ishihara, R. C. Bay, M. J. Weiss, Kirill Filimonov, Austin Schneider, J. C. Gallagher, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, M. Usner, S. Kopper, M. Leuermann, Gerrit Wrede, Kael Hanson, René Reimann, William Luszczak, Allan Hallgren, M. Kauer, Martin Rongen, Pranav Dave, Samridha Kunwar, D. Altmann, K. Meagher, David Kappesser, L. Wille, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Maximilian Meier, T. Palczewski, Paolo Desiati, M. Günder, D. Heereman, T. Stezelberger, A. Steuer, B. Eberhardt, Raamis Hussain, J. Lünemann, Amirreza Raissi, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, G. Merino, N. Wandkowsky, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, Juanan Aguilar, B. J. Whelan, Immacolata Carmen Rea, K. Krings, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, M. Plum, Ramesh Koirala, E. Blaufuss, J. Felde, Merlin Schaufel, L. Classen, A. Obertacke Pollmann, A. Wallace, J. L. Kelley, Da Xu, Markus Ahlers, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, S. De Ridder, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, M. Labare, A. Karle, Erik Ganster, Ioana Codrina Maris, Christian Bohm, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Maryon Ahrens, Giovanni Renzi, D. Seckel, Frederik Tenholt, S. Fahey, R. Nagai, M. Medici, S. Miarecki, Tyce DeYoung, Nathan Whitehorn, Jeffrey Lazar, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: background [atmosphere], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, pole, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, charged current, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrinos, Point sources, Veto techniques, SEARCH, TRACK RECONSTRUCTION, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, Muon neutrino, atmosphere [muon], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, neutrino muon, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ICE, Galactic Center, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, flux [neutrino], Galactic plane, observatory, Supernova, Physics and Astronomy, Sky, energy [neutrino], gamma ray, ddc:540, spectral, High Energy Physics::Experiment, galaxy, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky, containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of atmospheric muons to a level which, for the first time, allows IceCube searching for point-like sources of neutrinos in the southern sky at energies between 100 GeV and several TeV in the muon neutrino charged current channel. No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was observed in four years of data recorded with the completed IceCube detector. Upper limits on the neutrino flux for a number of spectral hypotheses are reported for a list of astrophysical objects in the southern hemisphere., 19 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2020

42. Bringing sustainability to life: A framework to guide biodiversity indicator development for business performance management

Author: Mark A. Burgman, Joseph W. Bull, Louise McRae, Leah R. Gerber, P. J. Stephenson, Kim E. Reuter, Giulia Carbone, Malcolm Starkey, Michael J. Burgass, Pippa Howard, Prue F. E. Addison, E. J. Milner-Gulland, and Nadine McCormick
Subjects: IMPACT, Strategy and Management, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental Studies, Biodiversity, Social Sciences, Impact mitigation, Management systems, Metric, Risk management, Sustainability, QH75, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Business economics, Business & Economics, 0502 economics and business, management system, Business, 0502 Environmental Science and Management, Business and International Management, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Convention on Biological Diversity, Science & Technology, CHALLENGES, business.industry, 05 social sciences, HF5351, 1501 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability, Management, Environmental studies, MODEL, Business & Management, 1503 Business and Management, Management system, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 050203 business & management, Global biodiversity
Abstract: Biodiversity loss is a critical sustainability issue, and companies are beginning to seek ways to assess their biodiversity performance. Initiatives to date have developed biodiversity indicators for specific business contexts (e.g., spatial scales-from site, to product, to regional, or corporate scales); however, many are not widely translatable across different contexts making it challenging for businesses seeking indicators to manage their biodiversity performance. By synthesising the steps of common conservation and business decision-making systems, we propose a framework to support more comprehensive development of quantitative biodiversity indicators, for a range of business contexts. The framework integrates experience from existing tried-and-tested conservation frameworks. We illustrate how our framework offers a pathway for businesses to assess their biodiversity performance and demonstrate responsible management by mitigating and reversing their biodiversity impacts and sustaining their dependencies, enabling them to demonstrate their contribution to emerging global biodiversity targets (e.g., Convention on Biological Diversity post-2020 targets)., Business Strategy and the Environment, 29 (8), ISSN:0964-4733, ISSN:1099-0836
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Search for dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with 11 years of ANTARES data

Author: Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Ardid, M., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, T. N., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coleiro, A., Colomer, M., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., El Khayati, N., Enzenhöfer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Huang, F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Le Breton, R., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lopez-Coto, D., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nielsen, C., Nuñez-Castiñeyra, A., O'Fearraigh, B., Organokov, M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Randazzo, N., Reck, S., Riccobene, G., Sánchez-Losa, A., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Strandberg, B., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thakore, T., Tingay, S. J., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Aartsen, IceCube Collaboration: M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., A. Balagopal V., Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Becker Tjus, J., Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., Delaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., Deyoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C. J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., W. Y., Ma, Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Mcnally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stös(s)l, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Unland Elorrieta, M. A., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zöcklein, M., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulon - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UTLN UFR ScT), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, ANTARES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Albert A., Andre M., Anghinolfi M., Anton G., Ardid M., Aubert J.-J., Aublin J., Baret B., Basa S., Belhorma B., Bertin V., Biagi S., Bissinger M., Boumaaza J., Bourret S., Bouta M., Bouwhuis M.C., Branzas H., Bruijn R., Brunner J., Busto J., Capone A., Caramete L., Carr J., Celli S., Chabab M., Chau T.N., Cherkaoui El Moursli R., Chiarusi T., Circella M., Coleiro A., Colomer M., Coniglione R., Costantini H., Coyle P., Creusot A., Diaz A.F., de Wasseige G., Deschamps A., Distefano C., Di Palma I., Domi A., Donzaud C., Dornic D., Drouhin D., Eberl T., El Bojaddaini I., El Khayati N., Elsasser D., Enzenhofer A., Ettahiri A., Fassi F., Fermani P., Ferrara G., Filippini F., Fusco L., Gay P., Glotin H., Gozzini R., Gracia Ruiz R., Graf K., Guidi C., Hallmann S., van Haren H., Heijboer A.J., Hello Y., Hernandez-Rey J.J., Hossl J., Hofestadt J., Illuminati G., James C.W., de Jong M., de Jong P., Jongen M., Kadler M., Kalekin O., Katz U., Khan-Chowdhury N.R., Kouchner A., Kreter M., Kreykenbohm I., Kulikovskiy V., Lahmann R., Le Breton R., Lefevre D., Leonora E., Levi G., Lincetto M., Lopez-Coto D., Loucatos S., Maggi G., Manczak J., Marcelin M., Margiotta A., Marinelli A., Martinez-Mora J.A., Mele R., Melis K., Migliozzi P., Moser M., Moussa A., Muller R., Nauta L., Navas S., Nezri E., Nielsen C., Nunez-Castineyra A., O'Fearraigh B., Organokov M., Pavalas G.E., Pellegrino C., Perrin-Terrin M., Piattelli P., Poire C., Popa V., Pradier T., Quinn L., Randazzo N., Riccobene G., Sanchez-Losa A., Salah-Eddine A., Samtleben D.F.E., Sanguineti M., Sapienza P., Schussler F., Spurio M., Stolarczyk T., Strandberg B., Taiuti M., Tayalati Y., Thakore T., Tingay S.J., Trovato A., Vallage B., Van Elewyck V., Versari F., Viola S., Vivolo D., Wilms J., Zaborov D., Zegarelli A., Zornoza J.D., Zuniga J., KM3NeT (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Albert, A, Andre, M, Anghinolfi, M, Anton, G, Ardid, M, Aubert, Jj, Aublin, J, Baret, B, Basa, S, Belhorma, B, Bertin, V, Biagi, S, Bissinger, M, Boumaaza, J, Bourret, S, Bouta, M, Bouwhuis, Mc, Branzas, H, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Busto, J, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Carr, J, Celli, S, Chabab, M, Chau, Tn, El Moursli, Rc, Chiarusi, T, Circella, M, Coleiro, A, Colomer, M, Coniglione, R, Costantini, H, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Diaz, Af, de Wasseige, G, Deschamps, A, Distefano, C, Di Palma, I, Domi, A, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Drouhin, D, Eberl, T, El Bojaddaini, I, El Khayati, N, Elsasser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Ettahiri, A, Fassi, F, Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Filippini, F, Fusco, L, Gay, P, Glotin, H, Gozzini, R, Ruiz, Rg, Graf, K, Guidi, C, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Heijboer, Aj, Hello, Y, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hossl, J, Hofestadt, J, Illuminati, G, Jamesa, Cw, de Jong, M, de Jong, P, Jongen, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Katz, U, Khan-Chowdhury, Nr, Kouchner, A, Kreter, M, Kreykenbohm, I, Kulikovskiy, V, Lahmann, R, Le Breton, R, Lefevre, D, Leonora, E, Levi, G, Lincetto, M, Lopez-Coto, D, Loucatos, S, Maggi, G, Manczak, J, Marcelin, M, Margiotta, A, Marinelli, A, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Mele, R, Melis, K, Migliozzi, P, Moser, M, Moussa, A, Muller, R, Nauta, L, Navas, S, Nezri, E, Nielsen, C, Nunez-Castineyra, A, O'Fearraigh, B, Organokov, M, Pavalas, Ge, Pellegrino, C, Perrin-Terrin, M, Piattelli, P, Poire, C, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Quinn, L, Randazzoa, N, Riccobene, G, Sanchez-Losa, A, Salah-Eddine, A, Samtleben, Dfe, Sanguineti, M, Sapienza, P, Schussler, F, Spurio, M, Stolarczyk, T, Strandberg, B, Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Thakore, T, Tingay, Sj, Trovato, A, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Versari, F, Viola, S, Vivolo, D, Wilms, J, Zaborov, D, Zegarelli, A, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Albert, A., Andre, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Branzas, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, T. N., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coleiro, A., Colomer, M., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Diaz, A. F., de Wasseige, G., Deschamps, A., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., El Bojaddaini, I., El Khayati, N., Elsasser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fassi, F., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gay, P., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hossl, J., Hofestadt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Le Breton, R., Lefevre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lopez-Coto, D., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Migliozzi, P., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Nielsen, C., Nunez-Castineyra, A., O'Fearraigh, B., Organokov, M., Pavalas, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poire, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Randazzo, N., Riccobene, G., Sanchez-Losa, A., Salah-Eddine, A., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schussler, F., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, T., Strandberg, B., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thakore, T., Tingay, S. J., Trovato, A., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zaborov, D., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., and Zuniga, J.
Subjects: ANTARES, Dark matter indirect detection, Galactic Centre, Neutrino telescope, Astrofísica, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, neutrino: energy: high, astro-ph.HE, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, neutrino: flux, WIMP, S046PHB, hal-02431461, detector [neutrino], Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Annihilation, 4. Education, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, dark matter: density: high, lcsh:QC1-999, neutrino: detector, Neutrino detector, density: high [dark matter], annihilation, Dark matter, indirect detection, Weakly interacting massive particles, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Partícules (Física nuclear), Standard Model, S030DMA, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrins, 010306 general physics, Particles (Nuclear physics), Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galaxy, Automatic Keywords, FISICA APLICADA, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], spectral, High Energy Physics::Experiment, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], lcsh:Physics, Telescopes
Abstract: Neutrino detectors participate in the indirect search for the fundamental constituents of dark matter (DM) in form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). In WIMP scenarios, candidate DM particles can pair-annihilate into Standard Model products, yielding considerable fluxes of high-energy neutrinos. A detector like ANTARES, located in the Northern Hemisphere, is able to perform a complementary search looking towards the Galactic Centre, where a high density of dark matter is thought to accumulate. Both this directional information and the spectral features of annihilating DM pairs are entered into an unbinned likelihood method to scan the data set in search for DM-like signals in ANTARES data. Results obtained upon unblinding 3170 days of data reconstructed with updated methods are presented, which provides a larger, and more accurate, data set than a previously published result using 2101 days. A non-observation of dark matter is converted into limits on the velocity-averaged cross section for WIMP pair annihilation., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Atomic Energy Commission, Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund), European Union (EU), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program at Sorbonne Paris Cite ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02, UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02, Labex OCEVU ANR-11-LABX-0060, French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02, Region Ile-de-France, Region Grand-Est, Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(INFN), Italy, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Netherlands Government, Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia, Executive Unit for Financing Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation (UEFISCDI), Romania, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades(MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-B-C43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44, Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia SOMM17/6104/UGR, Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia, Spain GRISOLIA/2018/119, Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Training, Morocco
Published: 2020

44. Facilitating the transition to sustainable green chemistry

Author: Nikolaos Voulvoulis, Kaveh Madani, Karen E. Makuch, Mike Tennant, and Mark A. Burgman
Subjects: ENVIRONMENTAL RISK, GAME-THEORY, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, LEVEL, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Social preferences, Bridge (interpersonal), Catalysis, CHEMICALS, POLICY-RELEVANT SCIENCE, Environmental risk, MANAGEMENT, Chemistry (relationship), GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Process Chemistry and Technology, Suite, Trade offs, TRADE-OFFS, Environmental economics, SCIENTISTS, Technical feasibility, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Science & Technology - Other Topics, HEALTH, Business, REQUIREMENTS, Game theory
Abstract: Sustainable green chemistry depends on technically feasible, cost-effective and socially acceptable decisions by regulators, industry and the wider community. The discipline needs to embrace a new suite of tools and train proponents in their use. We propose a set of tools that will bridge the gap between technical feasibility and efficiency on one hand, and social preferences and values on the other. We argue that they are indispensable in the next generation of regulators and chemistry industry proponents.
Published: 2018

45. Weighting and aggregating expert ecological judgments

Author: Mark A. Burgman, Terry Walshe, Victoria Hemming, Anca M. Hanea, and Office of the Director of National Intelligence (US Agency)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecology, Calibration (statistics), 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, performance weights, 05 Environmental Sciences, Uncertainty, aggregation, IDEA protocol, equal weights, 06 Biological Sciences, calibration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Cross-validation, Weighting, Classical Model, Range (mathematics), Judgment, Software deployment, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Representation (mathematics), expert judgment
Abstract: Performance weighted aggregation of expert judgments, using calibration questions, has been advocated to improve pooled quantitative judgments for ecological questions. However, there is little discussion or practical advice in the ecological literature regarding the application, advantages or challenges of performance weighting. In this paper we (1) illustrate how the IDEA protocol with four-step question format can be extended to include performance weighted aggregation from the Classical Model, and (2) explore the extent to which this extension improves pooled judgments for a range of performance measures. Our case study demonstrates that performance weights can improve judgments derived from the IDEA protocol with four-step question format. However, there is no a-priori guarantee of improvement. We conclude that the merits of the method lie in demonstrating that the final aggregation of judgments provides the best representation of uncertainty (i.e., validation), whether that be via equally weighted or performance weighted aggregation. Whether the time and effort entailed in performance weights can be justified is a matter for decision-makers. Our case study outlines the rationale, challenges, and benefits of performance weighted aggregations. It will help to inform decisions about the deployment of performance weighting and avoid common pitfalls in its application.
Published: 2019

46. Expertise in research integration and implementation for tackling complex problems: when is it needed, where can it be found and how can it be strengthened?

Author: Budi Haryanto, John Young, Daniel H Walker, Michael O'Rourke, Ulli Vilsmaier, Julie Thompson Klein, Merritt Polk, Matthias Bergmann, Deborah O'Connell, Linda Neuhauser, Gerald Midgley, Ian Elsum, Hilary Bradbury, Michael Smithson, Lynn Crawford, Jill Jaeger, Bianca Vienni Baptista, Nicola J. Grigg, Femke Merkx, Cha aim Pachanee, Christian Pohl, Gabriele Bammer, Howard Gadlin, Marcel Bursztyn, Mark A. Burgman, George P. Richardson, and Elizabeth A. Fulton
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Knowledge management, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, 2002 Cultural Studies, Public policy, Social Sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Social Sciences, Transdisciplinarity, Realm, Social Sciences - Other Topics, Systems thinking, General Psychology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WORK, business.industry, General Arts and Humanities, Sustainability science, General Social Sciences, Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary, Virtuous circle and vicious circle, lcsh:H, 010601 ecology, Identification (information), SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE, Interactional expertise, INTERDISCIPLINARY, business, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, PROJECT, Transdisciplinary studies
Abstract: Expertise in research integration and implementation is an essential but often overlooked component of tackling complex societal and environmental problems. We focus on expertise relevant to any complex problem, especially contributory expertise, divided into ‘knowing-that’ and ‘knowing-how.’ We also deal with interactional expertise and the fact that much expertise is tacit. We explore three questions. First, in examining ‘when is expertise in research integration and implementation required?,’ we review tasks essential (a) to developing more comprehensive understandings of complex problems, plus possible ways to address them, and (b) for supporting implementation of those understandings into government policy, community practice, business and social innovation, or other initiatives. Second, in considering ‘where can expertise in research integration and implementation currently be found?,’ we describe three realms: (a) specific approaches, including interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, systems thinking and sustainability science; (b) case-based experience that is independent of these specific approaches; and (c) research examining elements of integration and implementation, specifically considering unknowns and fostering innovation. We highlight examples of expertise in each realm and demonstrate how fragmentation currently precludes clear identification of research integration and implementation expertise. Third, in exploring ‘what is required to strengthen expertise in research integration and implementation?,’ we propose building a knowledge bank. We delve into three key challenges: compiling existing expertise, indexing and organising the expertise to make it widely accessible, and understanding and overcoming the core reasons for the existing fragmentation. A growing knowledge bank of expertise in research integration and implementation on the one hand, and accumulating success in addressing complex societal and environmental problems on the other, will form a virtuous cycle so that each strengthens the other. Building a coalition of researchers and institutions will ensure this expertise and its application are valued and sustained., Palgrave Communications, 6 (1)
Published: 2019

47. Ecosystem indices to support global biodiversity conservation

Author: Lucie M. Bland, Andrés Etter, Emily Nicholson, Rebecca M. Miller, Jose R. Ferrer-Paris, David A. Keith, Mark A. Burgman, Diego Juffe-Bignoli, Andrew Skowno, and Jessica A. Rowland
Subjects: INDICATORS, 0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, Biodiversity & Conservation, Biodiversity, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, ecosystem collapse, Ecosystem services, global biodiversity conventions, IUCN Red List, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Science & Technology, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, conservation actions, EXTENT, ecosystem risk assessment, conservation management, Geography, Ecosystem change, Complementarity (molecular biology), biodiversity indicators, Biodiversity Conservation, Terrestrial ecosystem, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, IUCN Red List of Ecosystems, Global biodiversity
Abstract: Governments have committed to global targets to slow biodiversity loss and sustain ecosystem services. Biodiversity state indicators that measure progress toward these targets mostly focus on species, while indicators synthesizing ecosystem change are largely lacking. We fill this gap with three indices quantifying past and projected changes in ecosystems using data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Ecosystems. Our indices quantify changes in risk of ecosystem collapse, ecosystem area and ecological processes, and capture variation in underlying patterns among ecosystems. We apply the indices to three case studies of regional and national assessments (American/Caribbean forests, terrestrial ecosystems of Colombia, and terrestrial ecosystems of South Africa) to illustrate the indices’ complementarity and versatility in revealing patterns of interest for users across sectors. Our indices have the potential to fill the recognized need for ecosystem indicators to inform conservation targets, guide policy, and prioritize management actions.
Published: 2019

48. Search for sources of astrophysical neutrinos using seven years of icecube cascade events

Author: Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Arg��elles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Bastian, B., Baum, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., B��rner, M., B��ser, S., Botner, O., B��ttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Buscher, J., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., de Andr��, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., D��az-V��lez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Gl��senkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., G��nder, M., G��nd��z, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Haungs, A., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Heix, P., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., H��nnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jonske, F., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., K��pke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kr��ckl, G., Kulacz, N., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leszczy��ska, A., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., L��nemann, J., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallik, P., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mari��, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Micallef, J., Moment��, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Muth, P., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. P��rez de los, Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renschler, M., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schr��der, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Steinm��ller, P., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., St��l, A., Strotjohann, N. L., St��rwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tomankova, L., T��nnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Santen, J., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Z��cklein, M., Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, 0103 physical sciences, Muon neutrino, Angular resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Muon, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomie, Sciences de l'espace, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Cascade, Sky, Physique des particules élémentaires, ddc:520, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Low-background searches for astrophysical neutrino sources anywhere in the sky can be performed using cascade events induced by neutrinos of all flavors interacting in IceCube with energies as low as ∼1 TeV. Previously we showed that, even with just two years of data, the resulting sensitivity to sources in the southern sky is competitive with IceCube and ANTARES analyses using muon tracks induced by charge current muon neutrino interactions - especially if the neutrino emission follows a soft energy spectrum or originates from an extended angular region. Here, we extend that work by adding five more years of data, significantly improving the cascade angular resolution, and including tests for point-like or diffuse Galactic emission to which this data set is particularly well suited. For many of the signal candidates considered, this analysis is the most sensitive of any experiment to date. No significant clustering was observed, and thus many of the resulting constraints are the most stringent to date. In this paper we will describe the improvements introduced in this analysis and discuss our results in the context of other recent work in neutrino astronomy., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019

49. The Value of Performance Weights and Discussion in Aggregated Expert Judgments

Author: Marissa F. McBride, Bonnie C. Wintle, Anca M. Hanea, and Mark A. Burgman
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Actuarial science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Model parameters, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Aggregation methods, Weighting, Scarcity, Robustness (computer science), Physiology (medical), Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, computer, Delphi, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, computer.programming_language
Abstract: In risky situations characterized by imminent decisions, scarce resources, and insufficient data, policymakers rely on experts to estimate model parameters and their associated uncertainties. Different elicitation and aggregation methods can vary substantially in their efficacy and robustness. While it is generally agreed that biases in expert judgments can be mitigated using structured elicitations involving groups rather than individuals, there is still some disagreement about how to best elicit and aggregate judgments. This mostly concerns the merits of using performance-based weighting schemes to combine judgments of different individuals (rather than assigning equal weights to individual experts), and the way that interaction between experts should be handled. This article aims to contribute to, and complement, the ongoing discussion on these topics.
Published: 2018

50. LeptonInjector and LeptonWeighter: A neutrino event generator and weighter for neutrino observatories

Author: Janet Conrad, R. Cross, D. Hebecker, William Luszczak, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, Ioana Codrina Maris, Thomas Stuttard, Christian Spiering, Thomas Ehrhardt, Sarah Pieper, A. Kyriacou, Ken'ichi Kin, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. De Ridder, Stephan Meighen-Berger, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Paul Coppin, Justin Vandenbroucke, Andrea Turcati, J. Becker Tjus, J. J. Beatty, Christian Haack, Tianlu Yuan, M. J. Larson, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, F. McNally, Wing Yan Ma, Emma C. Hettinger, Reina H. Maruyama, A. Obertacke Pollmann, Summer Blot, Frank G. Schröder, U. Katz, Giovanni Renzi, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, T. Gregoire, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, S. Fahey, M. Kauer, Tyce DeYoung, Abhishek Desai, J. Werthebach, D. B. Fox, J. van Santen, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Suyong Choi, Alex Pizzuto, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, David Kappesser, Jan Soedingrekso, Brandom Pries, L. Schumacher, Maximilian Karl Scharf, S. C. Nowicki, Gary Binder, Karl J. Clark, D. van Eijk, Shefali Shefali, P. B. Price, Matti Jansson, A. Franckowiak, Hermann Kolanoski, M. U. Nisa, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Abdul Rehman, Francesco Lucarelli, Carsten Rott, Chujie Chen, Austin Schneider, George Japaridze, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Roger Moore, L. Köpke, Mark Weyrauch, Stef Verpoest, Aaron Fienberg, Timo Karg, D. Tosi, Y. L. Li, Amirreza Raissi, T. O. B. Schmidt, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, N. van Eijndhoven, Erik Ganster, Y. Makino, P. Peiffer, Johan Wulff, A. Weindl, Segev BenZvi, Elisa Lohfink, Timothyblake Watson, J. Bourbeau, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, Michael Kovacevich, M. E. Huber, Spencer Klein, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Maryon Ahrens, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Kurt Woschnagg, Marcos Santander, Richard Naab, S. Tilav, Daria Pankova, L. Gerhardt, G. Krückl, Konstancja Satalecka, A. Olivas, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Stephanie Bron, E. Friedman, Paul Evenson, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, C. De Clercq, C. Lagunas Gualda, Y. Popovych, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, C. Weaver, Martin Rongen, Theo Glauch, Alejandro Diaz, Michael DuVernois, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, H. Dujmovic, Matthias Vraeghe, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Kara Hoffman, J. Kim, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, T. Kintscher, Simone Garrappa, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, Dmitry Chirkin, Alexander Kappes, K. Rawlins, J. P. Yanez, G. H. Collin, J. Evans, Alan Coleman, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Philipp Furst, Zhedong Zhang, Ava Ghadimi, F. Huang, Emily Dvorak, Hershal Pandya, Frederik Hermann Lauber, R. S. Busse, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, K. Tollefson, E. O'Sullivan, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, Jan Weldert, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, Alexander Trettin, N. Kurahashi, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, Juanan Aguilar, L. Halve, Franziska Tischbein, Justin Lanfranchi, M. Ha Minh, C. Wendt, P. Mallik, M. Stamatikos, K. Meagher, C. Pérez de los Heros, Gerald Przybylski, A. Karle, James Madsen, Chad Finley, Daniel Bindig, R. Halliday, B. J. P. Jones, G. de Wasseige, A. Wallace, Kayla Leonard, Ben Smithers, P. Eller, Simeon Reusch, Lu Lu, T. Anderson, J. C. Gallagher, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, Christoph Tönnis, R. Hoffmann, John Hardin, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Ishihara, Tim Ruhe, A. Haungs, Rui An, Nahee Park, A. Ludwig, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, D. Rysewyk Cantu, C. Walck, Elisa Bernardini, Gerrit Wrede, T. Stanev, K. Hultqvist, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, K. Mase, Andres Medina, Darren Grant, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, I. Ansseau, D. Mockler, Thomas Huber, Thomas K. Gaisser, Chiara Bellenghi, Yang Lyu, T. Glüsenkamp, Grant Parker, Jenni Adams, M. Meier, Michael Campana, H. Niederhausen, H. Schieler, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Colin Turley, Saskia Philippen, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, K. Helbing, A. Steuer, Kendall Mahn, A. Goldschmidt, Alexander A. Harnisch, Kirill Filimonov, Kael Hanson, Spencer Axani, Christian Glaser, K. Wiebe, Barbara Skrzypek, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Stephen L. Hauser, M. J. Weiss, R. G. Stokstad, Lenka Tomankova, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Jannis Necker, Raamis Hussain, D. Kang, M. Silva, I. Taboada, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, J. P. Lazar, Michael O. Wolf, M. Prado Rodriguez, Clara E. Hill, S. Kopper, Paolo Desiati, K. D. de Vries, S. Hickford, I. Safa, Pranav Dave, René Reimann, Merlin Schaufel, Minjin Jeong, Leander Fischer, Qinrui Liu, R. Joppe, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Sebastian Baur, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, Olga Botner, V. Baum, T. Stezelberger, S. Yoshida, Won Nam Kang, Sarah Mancina, X. Bai, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, A.A. Alves, Alexander Sandrock, Pablo Correa, B. A. Clark, P. Schlunder, Sebastian Böser, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Gisela Anton, Max Renschler, Chunfai Tung, D. J. Koskinen, S. Robertson, E. Bourbeau, Joshua Hignight, Spencer Griswold, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Ramesh Koirala, E. Blaufuss, L. Classen, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, D. F. Cowen, U. Naumann, David Vannerom, Le Viet Nguyen, K. Krings, J. Stettner, M. Plum, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Z. Griffith, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, Subir Sarkar, Felix Henningsen, A. R. Fazely, Simona Toscano, C. Alispach, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, CHERENKOV LIGHT YIELD, Weighting, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrino interaction, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Event generator, Neutrino generator, Neutrino simulation, Generator (computer programming), hep-ex, Event (computing), ICE, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Detector, hep-ph, Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph), Quantitative Biology::Genomics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, physics.comp-ph, Hardware and Architecture, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Physics - Computational Physics, Lepton
Abstract: We present a high-energy neutrino event generator, called LeptonInjector, alongside an event weighter, called LeptonWeighter. Both are designed for large-volume Cherenkov neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. The neutrino event generator allows for quick and flexible simulation of neutrino events within and around the detector volume, and implements the leading Standard Model neutrino interaction processes relevant for neutrino observatories: neutrino-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and neutrino-electron annihilation. In this paper, we discuss the event generation algorithm, the weighting algorithm, and the main functions of the publicly available code, with examples., Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2021

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